မင်္ဂလာနံနက်ခင်းပါ

Yes, 'Mingalar Par' is a perfectly acceptable and very common shorthand. The full 'Nan Net Khin' version is just more specific and formal.

Monks usually receive greetings rather than give them. If you greet a monk, you would use a more specialized respectful term like 'Payar' instead of 'Par,' but 'Mingalar' is still appropriate.

Yes, but usually only in a professional text or to an elder. Between friends, 'Morning' (in English) or 'Nay kaung lar' is more common.

The most common response is to repeat the greeting back: 'မင်္ဂလာနံနက်ခင်းပါ' or simply 'မင်္ဂလာပါ'.

Because it stems from the 38 Buddhist blessings, it's the ultimate 'positive' word in the language, covering everything from weddings to new beginnings.

Younger people often just say 'Morning' in English, but with a Burmese accent (Maw-nin!).

Generally, yes. It's used from sunrise until the lunch hour.

It is understood everywhere, but it's much more common in cities like Yangon and Mandalay than in rural villages.

You can, and it shows great respect, but many families find it a bit too formal for the breakfast table.

'Nan Net' is the noun 'morning.' 'Nan Net Khin' refers to the 'period of the morning.' The latter sounds more poetic and formal.