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A2 adjective محايد 2 دقيقة للقراءة

hoog

/ɦoːx/
تدرّب عليها

Overview

The Dutch word 'hoog' is a versatile adjective that primarily means 'high' or 'tall' in English. Its core meaning refers to extending far upward, whether physically or metaphorically.

**Physical Height:**

  • When describing objects, 'hoog' refers to their vertical dimension. For example, 'een hoge berg' means 'a high mountain,' and 'een hoge boom' means 'a tall tree.' It can also describe structures like 'een hoog gebouw' (a tall building).
  • It's used to indicate a position far above the ground, such as 'de vogel vliegt hoog' (the bird flies high) or 'hij woont op een hoge verdieping' (he lives on a high floor).

**Abstract and Figurative Meanings:**

  • 'Hoog' can denote a significant level or degree. For instance, 'hoge verwachtingen' translates to 'high expectations,' and 'hoge kwaliteit' means 'high quality.'
  • It's used to describe sound pitch: 'een hoge toon' is 'a high note.'
  • In terms of status or importance, 'hoog' can imply 'high-ranking' or 'important,' as in 'een hoge ambtenaar' (a high-ranking official).
  • It can also convey intensity, such as 'een hoge temperatuur' (a high temperature) or 'hoge snelheid' (high speed).

**Common Expressions and Idioms:**

  • 'Hooguit': at most, at best. Example: 'Het kost hooguit een uur.' (It will take an hour at most.)
  • 'In hoge mate': to a great extent, largely.
  • 'Hoog oplopen': to run high, to escalate. Example: 'De emoties liepen hoog op.' (Emotions ran high.)
  • 'Hoog tijd': high time. Example: 'Het is hoog tijd dat we gaan.' (It's high time we left.)
  • 'Hoog en droog zitten': to be safe and sound (literally 'to sit high and dry').

**Grammatical Forms:**

Like many Dutch adjectives, 'hoog' can be inflected:

* Superlative: 'hoogst' (highest/tallest)

Understanding the context is crucial for correctly interpreting 'hoog' as its meaning can subtly shift depending on what it modifies. It's a fundamental word in Dutch with a wide range of applications, from literal height to abstract concepts of degree and importance.

تلازمات شائعة

hoog gebouw
hoge boom
hoge bergen
hoog reiken

يُخلط عادةً مع

hoog مقابل hoogte
noun, height

أنماط نحوية

p1 p2 p3

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

""

""

كيفية الاستخدام

ملاحظات الاستخدام

When using 'hoog' to describe something extending far upward, it functions as a regular adjective. For example: 'De boom is hoog' (The tree is high/tall). It can be modified by adverbs like 'heel hoog' (very high) or 'niet zo hoog' (not so high). When referring to people, 'lang' is typically used for 'tall' (e.g., 'Hij is lang' - He is tall), whereas 'hoog' is reserved for inanimate objects or abstract concepts. However, you might hear 'hoog op de ladder' (high on the ladder) to describe someone's position. 'Hoog' also forms part of many idiomatic expressions, such as 'op hoge poten staan' (to be very angry/to stand on high legs, implying pride or anger) or 'hoog van de toren blazen' (to boast/to blow high from the tower). The comparative form is 'hoger' (higher) and the superlative is 'hoogst' (highest). When used predicatively, it remains 'hoog', but attributively, it can take an '-e' ending depending on agreement rules (e.g., 'een hoge boom' - a tall tree).

أخطاء شائعة

A common mistake is confusing 'hoog' (high) with 'laag' (low). Another mistake is using 'hoog' when referring to a tall person; in Dutch, you would typically use 'lang' for a person's height. For example, 'een hoge boom' (a high tree) versus 'een lange man' (a tall man). Make sure to differentiate between objects and people when describing height.

نصائح

💡

Use it in various contexts

The Dutch word 'hoog' is quite versatile and can be used in many different contexts. For example, you can use it to describe physical height, like 'een hoge boom' (a tall tree) or 'een hoge berg' (a high mountain). It can also refer to a high level or degree, such as 'hoge kwaliteit' (high quality) or 'hoge verwachtingen' (high expectations). Furthermore, 'hoog' can describe sound pitch, like 'een hoge toon' (a high note), or even social status, as in 'een hoge positie' (a high position). Being aware of these different applications will help you use the word more accurately and naturally.
💡

Pay attention to gender and number

In Dutch, adjectives like 'hoog' can change their form depending on the gender and number of the noun they modify. While 'hoog' is the base form, you might encounter 'hoge' quite often. For example, 'een hoge toren' (a high tower) uses 'hoge' because 'toren' is a common gender noun. However, if you are using 'hoog' as a predicative adjective (after a linking verb), it usually remains 'hoog', such as 'De boom is hoog' (The tree is high). Understanding these grammatical nuances will prevent common errors and make your Dutch sound more authentic.
💡

Learn common collocations and idioms

To truly master 'hoog', it's beneficial to learn common collocations and idiomatic expressions that use the word. For instance, 'hoog oplopen' means 'to run high' or 'to escalate', often used for emotions or costs. 'Op hoge poten' translates to 'on high legs' and implies someone is very angry or upset. Another one is 'ergens hoog mee zitten', which means 'to be deeply concerned about something'. Familiarizing yourself with these phrases will not only broaden your vocabulary but also enhance your understanding of Dutch cultural expressions and communication styles.

أصل الكلمة

From Middle Dutch hoge, from Old Dutch hōg, from Proto-Germanic *hauhaz.

السياق الثقافي

The word 'hoog' in Dutch, meaning 'high' or 'tall', is a very common adjective used in a wide array of contexts. Culturally, Dutch society often values practicality and directness, and this is reflected in language usage. When describing physical height, whether of buildings, mountains, or people, 'hoog' is straightforwardly applied. There isn't a deep philosophical or poetic layer to its use in this basic sense, unlike some other languages where 'height' might carry more metaphorical weight in everyday speech. However, it can extend to abstract concepts such as 'hoge verwachtingen' (high expectations) or 'een hoge functie' (a high position/role), indicating status or intensity. The cultural context doesn't necessarily imbue 'hoog' with unique connotations beyond its direct meaning, but its frequent and versatile application across both concrete and abstract concepts makes it a fundamental part of the Dutch lexicon.

نصيحة للحفظ

The Dutch word 'hoog' sounds like the English word 'hog,' which is a large animal. Imagine a hog standing on its hind legs, reaching high up.

اختبر نفسك

fill blank

De vogel vloog ____ in de lucht.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
fill blank

De berg was zo ____ dat het topje in de wolken verdween.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
fill blank

Hij sprong ____ om de bal te vangen.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:

النتيجة: /3

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