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A2 verb #15,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 10 دقيقة للقراءة

ciúmar

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح ciúmar في 30 ثانية

الشرح ciúmar in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to express basic emotions. You probably won't use the verb 'ciúmar' itself, as it's a bit advanced. Instead, you will learn the noun 'ciúme' (jealousy) and the phrase 'ter ciúmes' (to have jealousy). At this stage, focus on recognizing the word if you see it in a book. Think of it as a way to say 'to be jealous'. For example, if you see 'Eu ciúmo', just remember it means 'I am jealous'. It's like 'amar' (to love) or 'falar' (to speak), but for that specific feeling of wanting to keep someone or something all to yourself. You should focus on basic sentences like 'Ele tem ciúmes' before trying to use the verb 'ciúmar'. Learning this early helps you see how Portuguese can turn feelings into actions with just one word.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can begin to recognize 'ciúmar' as a regular '-ar' verb. You understand that it describes a person acting on their feelings of jealousy. You might use it in simple past or future tenses. For example, 'Ele ciúmou de mim' (He was jealous of me). You are starting to see the difference between 'ciúmar' and 'invejar' (to envy). At this level, you should practice the conjugation in the present tense: eu ciúmo, você ciúma, nós ciúmamos. It's a great way to expand your vocabulary beyond the most basic verbs. You might encounter it in simple stories or songs. Remember, even if you don't use it in conversation, knowing it makes you sound more like a student who pays attention to the details of the language.

At the B1 level, you are becoming more comfortable with nuanced emotions. You can use 'ciúmar' to describe complex situations in your life or in stories. You understand that 'ciúmar' is more formal than 'ter ciúmes'. You can use it with prepositions like 'de' or 'por'. You might say, 'Não vale a pena ciúmar por coisas pequenas' (It's not worth being jealous over small things). You are also starting to use the imperfect tense ('ciúmava') to describe ongoing feelings in the past. This level is where you start to appreciate the 'flavor' of the word—it sounds a bit more dramatic and intentional. You can also use it in the infinitive after verbs like 'começar a' or 'deixar de'.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'ciúmar' fluently in both written and spoken contexts, though you still know that 'ter ciúmes' is more common for casual talk. you can use it in the subjunctive mood to express doubts or hypothetical situations: 'Se ele não ciúmasse tanto, eles seriam felizes' (If he weren't so jealous, they would be happy). You understand the cultural contexts where this verb appears, such as in Brazilian soap operas or classic literature. You can also use it to describe professional jealousy or sibling rivalry, not just romantic feelings. Your vocabulary is rich enough to choose 'ciúmar' when you want to emphasize the *act* of being jealous as a character trait or a specific event.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the literary and stylistic implications of 'ciúmar'. You use it to add variety to your writing and to convey a specific tone. You can distinguish between its use as a transitive and intransitive verb and understand how it functions in classical Portuguese literature. You might use it in academic discussions about psychology or sociology. You are aware of its synonyms and can explain the subtle differences between 'ciúmar', 'zelar', and 'suspeitar'. You can use the verb in complex grammatical structures, including the personal infinitive and the future subjunctive, with ease. You also recognize regional variations in how the verb might be used or perceived.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over 'ciúmar'. You can use it with the same nuance as a native speaker, including its most archaic or poetic forms. You can appreciate and analyze its use in the works of great Lusophone writers. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Latin roots to its modern usage. You can use it in highly formal speeches or in creative writing to evoke specific emotions or historical periods. For you, 'ciúmar' is not just a vocabulary word, but a tool for precise emotional expression. You can play with the word, using it in metaphors or puns, and you fully grasp its weight in the cultural fabric of Portuguese-speaking societies.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

ciúmar في 30 ثانية

Ciúmar is a Portuguese verb meaning 'to be jealous'. It is a more formal and literary alternative to the common phrase 'ter ciúmes'.
It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate (ciúmo, ciúmas, ciúma). It is often used with the preposition 'de'.
While 'invejar' means to want what others have, 'ciúmar' is the fear of losing what you have or resentment of a rival.
You will find it in songs, poetry, and classic novels, but it is less frequent in casual, daily conversation.

The Portuguese verb ciúmar is an intriguing linguistic specimen. At its core, it represents the act of feeling or expressing jealousy (ciúme). While English speakers typically use the adjective 'jealous' with the verb 'to be', Portuguese offers the option of a dedicated verb, though it is less common in daily speech than the periphrastic construction ter ciúmes. To ciúmar is to allow the green-eyed monster to take hold, manifesting as resentment, suspicion, or a defensive stance over one's relationships or possessions.

Emotional Root: The word is derived from the noun 'ciúme', which traces back to the Latin 'zelus', meaning zeal or fervor. In Portuguese, this fervor evolved into the specific sting of romantic or social rivalry.
Usage Context: You will encounter this verb more frequently in literature, poetry, and formal writing than in a casual bar conversation in Lisbon or Rio. It carries a slightly more dramatic or intentional weight than simply 'having' jealousy.

Não há razão para ciúmar do sucesso alheio quando temos o nosso próprio caminho.

Translation: There is no reason to be jealous of others' success when we have our own path.

In a psychological sense, ciúmar describes the internal process of monitoring a rival. It is not just the feeling, but the active state of being affected by that feeling. When someone 'ciúma', they are often in a state of hyper-vigilance. This verb can be used intransitively (just the act of being jealous) or transitively, though the latter is rarer and usually requires a prepositional complement like 'de' or 'por'.

Ela começou a ciúmar assim que viu o marido conversando com a desconhecida.

Understanding ciúmar also requires distinguishing it from 'invejar' (to envy). While envy is wanting what someone else has, ciúmar is the fear of losing what you (think you) have or the resentment of sharing attention. It is a protective, albeit often toxic, emotion. In Brazilian Portuguese, you might hear variations or regionalisms, but the standard verb remains a sophisticated choice for describing this complex human condition.

Literary Nuance: Authors use 'ciúmar' to personify the emotion, making the jealousy feel like an active participant in the story's conflict.

O coração, nobre e frágil, tende a ciúmar o que mais ama.

In summary, ciúmar is the verbalization of the soul's insecurity. Whether in a classic novel or a dramatic song lyric, it captures a specific type of human suffering that is universal yet deeply personal. By learning this verb, you gain a tool to describe the active experience of jealousy with precision and flair.

Using ciúmar correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a verb of emotion. Unlike 'ter ciúmes', which functions as a verb-noun phrase, ciúmar allows you to conjugate the emotion directly. This can lead to more concise and powerful sentence structures, particularly in written Portuguese.

Direct Object Usage: While often used alone, you can specify the object of jealousy. For example: 'Ele ciúma a esposa' (He is jealous of his wife). However, it is more common to use a prepositional phrase: 'Ele ciúma da esposa'.

Eu não ciúmo de você, apenas cuido do que é nosso.

Translation: I am not jealous of you; I just take care of what is ours.

One of the most effective ways to use ciúmar is in the infinitive form following an auxiliary verb like 'começar a' (to start to) or 'parar de' (to stop). This highlights the transition into or out of a jealous state. It creates a narrative flow that suggests the emotion is a process rather than a static condition.

Vocês estão ciúmando por bobagem; não há motivo para briga.

In formal essays or psychological discussions, ciúmar is used to describe behavioral patterns. It can be paired with adverbs to show intensity: 'ciúmar intensamente', 'ciúmar doentiamente' (to be pathologically jealous). This allows for a level of descriptive detail that 'ter ciúmes' sometimes lacks due to its more colloquial nature.

Tense and Mood: In the subjunctive mood, it expresses doubt or wishes: 'Espero que ele não ciúme da minha nova amizade' (I hope he isn't jealous of my new friendship).

Se ela ciúmasse menos, o relacionamento seria mais tranquilo.

Finally, consider the negative imperative: 'Não ciúmes!' (Don't be jealous!). While 'Não tenha ciúmes' is the standard way to say this, the verbal form 'Não ciúmes' can be found in theatrical scripts or stylized dialogue to convey a sharper, more direct command. It strips away the noun and focuses entirely on the forbidden action.

While you might not hear ciúmar in a crowded supermarket or a casual group chat, it has its specific 'natural habitats'. Understanding where it thrives will help you appreciate the richness of the Portuguese language and recognize it when it appears.

Classic Literature: Authors like Machado de Assis or Eça de Queirós often used the verb form to give more weight to their characters' internal struggles. In 19th-century prose, 'ciúmar' was a staple for describing the complex social dances of the elite.

Nas páginas do romance, o protagonista passava noites a ciúmar a sombra do rival.

Translation: In the pages of the novel, the protagonist spent nights being jealous of the rival's shadow.

Another common place to find ciúmar is in music, particularly in genres like Fado in Portugal or older MPB (Música Popular Brasileira) and Sertanejo. Songwriters love verbs because they are easier to rhyme and can carry a rhythmic punch that nouns cannot. The act of 'ciúmar' becomes a poetic action that the singer is performing.

A letra da música dizia: 'Vou ciúmar sim, porque quem ama cuida'.

In television dramas and soap operas (telenovelas), writers might use ciúmar to make a character's dialogue sound more sophisticated or archaic, perhaps to denote a specific social class or a personality that is prone to dramatic outbursts. It signals to the audience that the jealousy is not just a passing feeling, but a defining trait of the scene.

Soap Opera Scripting: When a character says 'Pare de me ciúmar!', it sounds much more accusatory and sharp than the softer 'Pare de ter ciúmes de mim'.

A vilã não parava de ciúmar o sucesso da protagonista perante a imprensa.

Lastly, you might see it in formal psychological reports or academic papers discussing human behavior. In these contexts, 'ciúmar' is used as a technical term for the manifestation of the emotion. So, while you won't hear it every day, knowing it unlocks a higher level of Portuguese comprehension across various media.

Learning ciúmar comes with a few pitfalls, especially for English speakers who are used to the 'to be + adjective' structure. Avoiding these common errors will make your Portuguese sound more authentic and grammatically sound.

Confusing with 'Invejar': This is the most frequent mistake. 'Invejar' is to want what someone else has (envy). 'Ciúmar' is to be afraid of losing what you have or to be resentful of others' interactions with your loved ones. You ciúma your partner, but you inveja someone's new car.

Errado: Eu ciúmo o seu carro novo. (Incorrect if you mean envy).

Another mistake is overusing the verb. As mentioned, ciúmar is formal and somewhat literary. If you use it in a casual setting, like telling a friend 'I'm jealous of your lunch', you will sound unnaturally stiff. In that case, 'Estou com inveja' (I'm envious) or 'Que inveja!' is much better.

Certo: Ele ciúma de tudo o que ela faz.

Misconjugation is also an issue. Because it's a less frequent verb, learners sometimes try to conjugate it like 'comer' or 'ir'. Remember, it is a perfectly regular '-ar' verb. Follow the pattern of 'falar': eu ciúmo, tu ciúmas, ele ciúma, nós ciúmamos, vós ciúmais, eles ciúmam.

The 'Ciúmes' Trap: Many learners try to combine the verb and the noun incorrectly, saying things like 'Eu ciúmo ciúmes'. This is redundant and incorrect. Use either 'Eu ciúmo' or 'Eu tenho ciúmes'.

Errado: Ela está ciúmando ciúmes de mim.

Finally, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'ú'. It must be clear and accented. If you swallow the vowel, it might be confused with other words. Practice saying 'ci-Ú-mar' with the stress on the 'u' in the root and the 'ar' in the infinitive to ensure you are understood correctly.

To truly master ciúmar, you should know its neighbors in the semantic field. Portuguese has several words that touch upon jealousy, envy, and protective care, each with its own flavor.

Ter ciúmes: The most common alternative. While 'ciúmar' is the action, 'ter ciúmes' is the state of 'having jealousy'. It is the go-to phrase for 99% of daily interactions.
Invejar: To envy. Use this when you want something someone else possesses. It lacks the 'protective' or 'suspicious' element of 'ciúmar'.
Zelar: To watch over or care for. Sometimes 'ciúmar' is used in a positive, protective sense, and 'zelar' is its noble cousin. If you 'zela' for someone, you care for them without the toxic suspicion.

Em vez de ciúmar, ele prefere zelar pela felicidade dela.

Translation: Instead of being jealous, he prefers to watch over her happiness.

Another interesting alternative is suspeitar (to suspect). Jealousy often involves suspicion, and in many contexts, especially in detective novels or thrillers, 'ciúmar' and 'suspeitar' are used in tandem to describe a character's mental state. To 'ciúmar' is the emotional reaction; to 'suspeitar' is the cognitive one.

Não devemos ciúmar o brilho dos outros, mas sim buscar a nossa própria luz.

In slang or very informal Brazilian Portuguese, you might hear 'ficar de recalque' or 'estar com recalque'. This is a modern, pop-culture way of describing a mix of jealousy and envy, often used to dismiss someone who is criticizing you. While 'ciúmar' is classical, 'recalque' is the language of the internet and funk music.

Rivalizar: To rival. This focuses on the competition itself rather than the feeling of jealousy. If two people 'ciúmam' the same person, they are 'rivalizando' for their affection.

Eles vivem a ciúmar a atenção do chefe, o que prejudica a equipe.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The root word 'zelus' is also the ancestor of the English word 'zeal'. So, being jealous and being zealous are linguistically cousins!

دليل النطق

UK /si.ˈu.maɾ/

US /si.ˈu.maɹ/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: ci-Ú-mar.

يتقافى مع

Amar Falar Cantar Lugar Olhar Pensar Sonhar Mandar

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing the 'u' as a short vowel (like 'cup'). It must be a long 'oo'.
Stressing the first syllable (CI-u-mar) instead of the second.
Pronouncing the 'c' as a 'k' sound. It is always a soft 's' sound before 'i'.
Dropping the final 'r' too much in formal speech.
Confusing the pronunciation with the Spanish 'celar'.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know the noun 'ciúme', but less common than the phrase 'ter ciúmes'.

الكتابة 4/5

Requires knowledge of regular -ar conjugation and proper preposition use (de).

التحدث 5/5

Tricky because it can sound too formal or 'literary' in casual conversation.

الاستماع 4/5

You might miss it if you are only expecting the phrase 'ter ciúmes'.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

Ciúme Amor Ter Sentir Inveja

تعلّم لاحقاً

Zelar Suspeitar Possessividade Relacionamento Insegurança

متقدم

Cobiçar Emular Rivalizar Recalque Desconfiança

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Regular -AR Verb Conjugation

Eu ciúm-o, Tu ciúm-as, Ele ciúm-a...

Prepositional Verbs (Verbos Regenciais)

Ciúmar *de* alguém.

Subjunctive Mood for Emotions

Espero que você não *ciúme*.

Gerund formation

Eles estão *ciúmando*.

Imperative Mood

Não *ciúmes* (Tu) / Não *ciúme* (Você).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

Eu não ciúmo de você.

I am not jealous of you.

Simple present tense of 'ciúmar'.

Você ciúma muito?

Are you very jealous?

Interrogative sentence.

Ele ciúma do irmão.

He is jealous of his brother.

Use of 'do' (de + o) after the verb.

Nós não ciúmamos.

We are not jealous.

First person plural conjugation.

Ela ciúma do gato.

She is jealous of the cat.

Third person singular conjugation.

Eles ciúmam de tudo.

They are jealous of everything.

Third person plural conjugation.

Eu vou ciúmar.

I am going to be jealous.

Future with 'ir' + infinitive.

Não ciúme, por favor.

Don't be jealous, please.

Negative imperative (informal).

Ontem, ele ciúmou da festa.

Yesterday, he was jealous of the party.

Preterite tense.

Ela sempre ciúma quando eu saio.

She always gets jealous when I go out.

Present tense with frequency adverb.

Você vai ciúmar se eu falar com ele?

Will you be jealous if I talk to him?

Future tense in a conditional context.

Nós ciúmamos da atenção que ela recebe.

We are jealous of the attention she receives.

Present tense plural.

O cão ciúma do novo bebê.

The dog is jealous of the new baby.

Animal as the subject.

Eu nunca ciúmo sem motivo.

I never get jealous without a reason.

Negative adverb 'nunca'.

Eles ciúmaram do prêmio que ganhei.

They were jealous of the prize I won.

Preterite plural.

Parem de ciúmar, crianças!

Stop being jealous, children!

Imperative plural.

Se você continuar a ciúmar, vamos brigar.

If you continue to be jealous, we are going to fight.

Conditional 'se' + future subjunctive.

Ela ciúmava do passado dele constantemente.

She was constantly jealous of his past.

Imperfect tense for ongoing past action.

É normal ciúmar um pouco em um namoro.

It is normal to be a little jealous in a relationship.

Infinitive as a noun phrase.

Eu não queria que você ciúmasse de mim.

I didn't want you to be jealous of me.

Imperfect subjunctive after 'querer'.

Eles estão ciúmando por causa de uma bobagem.

They are being jealous over something silly.

Present continuous (gerund).

O sucesso dela fez muita gente ciúmar.

Her success made many people jealous.

Causative structure with 'fazer'.

Nós nunca ciúmamos do progresso alheio.

We never get jealous of others' progress.

Formal present tense.

Você já ciúmou de alguém que não conhecia?

Have you ever been jealous of someone you didn't know?

Perfect preterite in a question.

O autor descreve como o protagonista começa a ciúmar a própria sombra.

The author describes how the protagonist starts to be jealous of his own shadow.

Literary usage in a sentence about literature.

Embora ele tente disfarçar, todos percebem que ele ciúma dela.

Although he tries to hide it, everyone notices that he is jealous of her.

Concessive clause with 'embora'.

Não se deve ciúmar o que não nos pertence.

One should not be jealous of what does not belong to us.

Passive/Impersonal 'se' with modal verb.

A insegurança muitas vezes nos leva a ciúmar sem fundamento.

Insecurity often leads us to be jealous without foundation.

Abstract subject with 'levar a'.

Ela ciúmou tanto que acabou perdendo o grande amor de sua vida.

She was so jealous that she ended up losing the great love of her life.

Consecutive clause with 'tanto que'.

É difícil não ciúmar quando vemos tanta injustiça.

It is hard not to feel resentful (jealous) when we see so much injustice.

Infinitive with 'difícil de'.

Ele ciúma o cargo do colega desde a promoção.

He has been jealous of his colleague's position since the promotion.

Present tense indicating a state starting in the past.

Talvez ela ciúme se souber que fomos almoçar juntos.

Maybe she will be jealous if she finds out we went to lunch together.

Subjunctive mood with 'talvez'.

A narrativa explora o ato de ciúmar como uma patologia da alma.

The narrative explores the act of being jealous as a pathology of the soul.

Complex noun phrase with 'ato de'.

Ao ciúmar o sucesso do rival, ele acabou por sabotar a própria carreira.

By being jealous of his rival's success, he ended up sabotaging his own career.

Gerundial use of 'ao + infinitive'.

Não permitas que o teu coração comece a ciúmar o brilho alheio.

Do not allow your heart to start being jealous of others' brilliance.

Imperative with 'permitas' (Tu form, formal/literary).

O ciúmar, nesse contexto, transparece como uma forma de controle social.

Jealousy (the act of), in this context, appears as a form of social control.

Infinitive used as a subject noun.

Se eu ciúmasse de cada detalhe, não teria paz de espírito.

If I were jealous of every detail, I would have no peace of mind.

Conditional sentence with imperfect subjunctive and conditional.

Ele passou a vida a ciúmar o que nunca se atreveu a conquistar.

He spent his life being jealous of what he never dared to conquer.

Prepositional infinitive after 'passar a vida'.

A personagem ciúma não apenas o amor, mas a própria existência do outro.

The character is jealous not only of love, but of the other's very existence.

Correlative conjunction 'não apenas... mas'.

Poucos são os que conseguem ver o sucesso de um amigo sem ciúmar.

Few are those who can see a friend's success without being jealous.

Relative clause with 'sem + infinitive'.

A exegese do texto revela que o verbo ciúmar é empregado como metáfora da finitude.

The exegesis of the text reveals that the verb 'ciúmar' is used as a metaphor for finitude.

Highly academic and formal register.

Ciúma-se a glória alheia por incapacidade de forjar a própria.

One is jealous of others' glory out of inability to forge one's own.

Impersonal 'se' with an abstract direct object.

O fado, em sua essência, vive a ciúmar a saudade que o consome.

Fado, in its essence, lives being jealous of the longing that consumes it.

Personification and poetic personification.

Haverá quem ciúme até do ar que o amado respira, tal é a força da paixão.

There will be those who are jealous even of the air the beloved breathes, such is the force of passion.

Future tense followed by a relative clause in the subjunctive.

A obra de arte parece ciúmar o olhar do espectador, exigindo-lhe exclusividade.

The work of art seems to be jealous of the viewer's gaze, demanding exclusivity.

Metaphorical usage with an inanimate object.

Não se pode ciúmar o tempo, pois ele é o senhor de todas as coisas.

One cannot be jealous of time, for it is the master of all things.

Philosophical statement using the verb.

A inveja corrói, mas o ciúmar escraviza a vontade humana.

Envy corrodes, but to be jealous enslaves the human will.

Contrast between two verbs used as nouns.

Ao invés de ciúmar a luz, deveríamos aprender a refleti-la.

Instead of being jealous of the light, we should learn to reflect it.

Complex prepositional phrase 'ao invés de'.

تلازمات شائعة

Ciúmar de alguém

Ciúmar o sucesso

Parar de ciúmar

Começar a ciúmar

Ciúmar intensamente

Ciúmar sem motivo

Ciúmar o cargo

Ciúmar a atenção

Ciúmar a beleza

Ciúmar doentiamente

العبارات الشائعة

Não me ciúmes!

— Don't be jealous of me! A direct and slightly dramatic command.

Não me ciúmes, sou apenas seu amigo.

Quem ama, ciúma.

— He who loves, is jealous. A common proverb or saying.

Ela disse que quem ama, ciúma, para justificar sua atitude.

Ciúmar à toa.

— To be jealous for no reason or for something trivial.

Você está ciúmando à toa, nada aconteceu.

Viver a ciúmar.

— To live in a state of constant jealousy.

Eles vivem a ciúmar um do outro.

Ciúmar a glória.

— To be jealous of someone's glory or achievements.

Não devemos ciúmar a glória alheia.

Deixe de ciúmar.

— Stop being jealous. A common way to ask someone to stop the behavior.

Deixe de ciúmar e venha se divertir.

Ciúmar por bobagem.

— To be jealous over nonsense.

Pare de ciúmar por bobagem, eu te amo.

Ciúmar o passado.

— To be jealous of someone's past history or relationships.

É impossível ciúmar o passado sem sofrer.

Ciúmar o brilho.

— To be jealous of someone's charisma or 'light'.

Ela ciúma o brilho da colega de trabalho.

Ciúmar em silêncio.

— To be jealous without expressing it openly.

Ele preferia ciúmar em silêncio a admitir sua fraqueza.

يُخلط عادةً مع

ciúmar vs Invejar

Invejar is to want what someone else has. Ciúmar is to be afraid of losing what you have.

ciúmar vs Zelar

Zelar is to protect/care for. Ciúmar can be a negative, suspicious form of zelar.

ciúmar vs Celar

A Spanish word (to watch/jealous). In Portuguese, 'celar' means to hide or conceal, not to be jealous.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"Ciúmar até da sombra"

— To be so jealous that you are even jealous of the person's shadow. Implies extreme jealousy.

Ele é tão possessivo que ciúma até da sombra dela.

Informal/Expressive

"Ciúmar o ar que respira"

— To be jealous of the very air the other person breathes. Implies overwhelming passion/jealousy.

Ela ciúma o ar que ele respira, não o deixa sozinho um minuto.

Romantic/Literary

"Ciúmar com os olhos"

— To show jealousy through one's gaze without saying anything.

Ela não disse nada, mas estava ciúmando com os olhos.

Neutral

"Ciúmar o que é de outro"

— To be jealous of something that clearly belongs to someone else (often used like envy).

Não é bom ciúmar o que é de outro, foque no seu.

Moralistic

"Ciúmar o pão que o diabo amassou"

— A variation of a common idiom, meaning to be jealous even in difficult situations.

Ele ciúma até o pão que o diabo amassou, é um homem amargo.

Slang/Regional

"Ciúmar por um fio"

— To be on the verge of a jealous outburst over something tiny.

Ela estava ciúmando por um fio naquela noite.

Neutral

"Ciúmar de morte"

— To be deathly jealous; extreme intensity.

Ele ciúma de morte qualquer um que se aproxime dela.

Informal

"Ciúmar o sol"

— To be jealous of the sun for shining on the beloved. Very poetic.

O poeta dizia ciúmar o sol por tocar a pele da amada.

Poetic

"Ciúmar a sorte"

— To be jealous of someone's good luck.

Muitos ciúmam a sorte dele, mas poucos veem seu trabalho.

Neutral

"Ciúmar por hábito"

— To be jealous out of habit rather than actual feeling or reason.

Eles já ciúmam por hábito, nem sabem mais o porquê.

Psychological

سهل الخلط

ciúmar vs Invejar

Both involve negative feelings toward others.

Inveja is 'I want your car'. Ciúme is 'I don't want you talking to that person'. Ciúmar is the verb for the latter.

Eu invejo sua casa, mas ciúmo do meu marido.

ciúmar vs Cobiçar

Both imply a strong desire or focus on something.

Cobiçar is a greedy desire to possess something that isn't yours. Ciúmar is a defensive feeling.

Não cobiçarás os bens alheios.

ciúmar vs Zelar

Both involve 'looking after' something.

Zelar is positive and caring. Ciúmar is negative and suspicious.

Ele zela pelo jardim, mas ciúma da esposa.

ciúmar vs Suspeitar

Jealousy often leads to suspicion.

Suspeitar is a cognitive act (thinking someone did something). Ciúmar is an emotional act.

Eu suspeito que ele mentiu, por isso comecei a ciúmar.

ciúmar vs Rivalizar

Both involve competition.

Rivalizar is the act of competing. Ciúmar is the feeling that often accompanies it.

Os times rivalizam no campo, mas os jogadores não se ciúmam.

أنماط الجُمل

Eu [conjugation] de você.

Eu ciúmo de você.

Ele [conjugation] do/da [noun].

Ele ciúmou da festa.

Não é bom [infinitive].

Não é bom ciúmar.

Pare de [infinitive].

Pare de ciúmar!

Se eu [subjunctive], [conditional].

Se eu ciúmasse, eu diria.

Ao [infinitive], [clause].

Ao ciúmar o amigo, ele errou.

O ato de [infinitive] é...

O ato de ciúmar é humano.

Ciúma-se o/a [abstract noun]...

Ciúma-se a glória alheia.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

Ciúme (Jealousy)

Ciumento (Jealous person)

Ciumeira (A state of widespread or petty jealousy)

الأفعال

Ciúmar (To be jealous)

الصفات

Ciumento (Jealous)

Ciumado (Rarely used, but means someone who was the object of jealousy)

مرتبط

Inveja

Zelo

Suspeita

Rivalidade

Possessividade

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Low to Medium (Higher in literature and music, low in daily speech).

أخطاء شائعة

Eu ciúmo o seu sucesso. → Eu invejo o seu sucesso.
You don't 'ciúmar' (be jealous/protective of) someone else's success; you 'invejar' (envy) it.
Ela está ciúmando ciúmes. → Ela está com ciúmes / Ela está ciúmando.
This is redundant. You either use the verb or the noun phrase, not both together.
Eu ciúmo de você. → Eu tenho ciúmes de você.
While 'Eu ciúmo' is grammatically correct, it is very rare in spoken Portuguese and can sound strange to native speakers.
Não ciúma de mim! → Não ciúme de mim!
In the imperative (negative), the -ar verb ending changes to -e. (Não ciúme).
Ele ciúma seu irmão. → Ele ciúma do seu irmão.
The preposition 'de' is usually required after 'ciúmar' when referring to a person.

نصائح

When to use the verb

Use 'ciúmar' when writing a story or a poem to make your language sound more varied and sophisticated.

The 'De' Connection

Always remember the preposition 'de'. It links the verb to the person or thing you are jealous of. 'Ciúmo DE você'.

Stress the 'Ú'

The accent on the 'ú' is not just for writing; it tells you where to put the vocal stress. ci-Ú-mar.

Envy vs Jealousy

Never use 'ciúmar' when you want someone else's new iPhone. That is 'invejar'. Use 'ciúmar' for relationships and protection.

Dramatic Effect

In a heated argument in a play or script, 'Não me ciúmes!' sounds much sharper and more impactful than 'Não tenha ciúmes de mim'.

Read Machado de Assis

If you want to see 'ciúmar' and 'ciúme' used as high art, read 'Dom Casmurro'. It is the ultimate study of the word.

Listen to Sertanejo

Modern Brazilian country music (Sertanejo) often uses 'ciúmar' in its lyrics about heartbreak and passion.

Regular Pattern

Don't overthink the conjugation. It's exactly like 'amar'. If you can love, you can be jealous (grammatically speaking!).

Be Careful with Frequency

If you use 'ciúmar' in every sentence, you might sound like a 19th-century poet. Mix it with 'ter ciúmes' for balance.

Regional Variations

In some parts of Northeastern Brazil, the verb form is slightly more common in daily speech than in the South.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'See you, Mar!'. You are jealous because you see 'Mar' (a person) leaving with someone else.

ربط بصري

Imagine a green eye (the green-eyed monster) looking through a keyhole. That eye is 'ciúmando'.

Word Web

Amor Insegurança Suspeita Rival Coração Briga Medo Posse

تحدٍّ

Try to write three sentences using 'ciúmar' in different tenses: Present, Past (Preterite), and Future. For example: Eu ciúmo, Eu ciúmei, Eu ciúmarei.

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the Portuguese noun 'ciúme', which comes from the Latin 'zelumen', a variation of 'zelus' (zeal, fervor, or jealousy).

المعنى الأصلي: A state of intense fervor or protective zeal over a person or object.

Romance (Indo-European).

السياق الثقافي

Jealousy can be a sensitive topic. When using 'ciúmar', be aware that it can imply possessiveness, which might be viewed negatively in modern contexts.

English speakers often use 'jealous' for both envy and jealousy. In Portuguese, 'ciúmar' is strictly for jealousy, while 'invejar' is for envy.

The works of Machado de Assis (e.g., Dom Casmurro, which is all about jealousy). Amália Rodrigues' Fado lyrics often touch upon the themes of 'ciúme'. Classical Brazilian MPB songs by Chico Buarque or Vinícius de Moraes.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Romantic Relationships

Ciúmar do namorado
Ciúmar da namorada
Ciúmar sem razão
Parar de ciúmar

Family

Ciúmar do irmão
Ciúmar da atenção dos pais
Ciúmar do novo bebê
Crianças que ciúmam

Professional

Ciúmar o cargo do colega
Ciúmar o sucesso alheio
Ciúmar a promoção
Ciúmar a atenção do chefe

Literature/Art

O personagem ciúma...
Um poema sobre ciúmar
A arte de ciúmar
Ciúmar a beleza

Friendship

Ciúmar do melhor amigo
Não ciúme de mim
Ciúmar de outras amizades
Amigos que ciúmam

بدايات محادثة

"Você acha que é normal ciúmar um pouco em um relacionamento?"

"Você já ciúmou de algum amigo por causa de outra pessoa?"

"Na sua opinião, por que as pessoas tendem a ciúmar o sucesso dos outros?"

"Como você reage quando alguém começa a ciúmar de você?"

"Você prefere usar 'ciúmar' ou 'ter ciúmes' quando fala português?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Escreva sobre uma vez que você sentiu vontade de ciúmar de algo ou alguém.

Reflita sobre a diferença entre ciúmar e invejar na sua vida pessoal.

Descreva uma cena de um livro onde um personagem começa a ciúmar intensamente.

Como o ato de ciúmar pode afetar a saúde mental de uma pessoa?

Pense em uma situação profissional onde você viu alguém ciúmar o sucesso de um colega.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

It is less common than 'ter ciúmes', but you will hear it in songs, especially Sertanejo, and read it in literature. It sounds a bit more formal or dramatic.

No. For envy, you must use 'invejar'. 'Ciúmar' is specifically for jealousy (fear of loss or resentment of a rival's attention).

It's a regular -ar verb. Eu ciúmei, você ciúmou, nós ciúmamos, eles ciúmaram.

Usually, yes. 'Ciúmar de alguém' is the standard. However, in some literary contexts, it can be used directly: 'Ele ciúma a esposa'.

They mean the same thing, but 'ciúmar' is a single verb (to jealous) and 'ter ciúmes' is a phrase (to have jealousy). 'Ter ciúmes' is much more common in speech.

Yes, you can 'ciúmar' an object if you are very protective of it and don't want others to use or have it. 'Ele ciúma do seu carro novo'.

Absolutely. Sibling rivalry is a very common context for 'ciúmar'. 'O menino ciúma da irmãzinha'.

It exists in old texts but is virtually never used in modern Portuguese. Stick to 'ciúmar'.

A 'ciumento' is a person who is frequently jealous. It's the adjective/noun form related to 'ciúmar'.

You can say 'Pare de ciúmar!' or 'Não ciúme!' (informal).

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