To know means to have information stored in your mind or to become aware of a new fact.
Wort in 30 Sekunden
- To possess information or awareness about something.
- Used to indicate the initial discovery of a fact.
- Commonly used in the state form 'shitteiru'.
概要
「知る」は日本語の動詞の中で最も基本的かつ重要な語の一つです。ある物事の存在や内容を頭に入れている状態、あるいは初めてその事実に出会うプロセスを指します。日常会話からビジネスまで幅広く使われます。
使用パターン
基本的な形は「〜を知る」です。名詞(人、場所、事実)を目的語にとり、助詞「を」を使います。「私は彼を知っています」のように、状態を表す場合は「知っている」という進行形に近い形で使われることが一般的です。
類似語との比較
「わかる」と混同しやすいですが、「知る」は「情報を持っているか」という客観的な事実(Yes/No)に重点を置き、「わかる」は「理解しているか」「納得しているか」という認識の深さに重点を置きます。
Beispiele
私は彼の名前を知っています。
everydayI know his name.
その件については存じ上げております。
formalI am aware of that matter.
昨日、その事実を知った。
informalI found out that fact yesterday.
この理論を知ることは重要です。
academicIt is important to know this theory.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
知る由もない
have no way of knowing
知る人ぞ知る
known only to those in the know
よく知っている
to know well
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Wakaru implies comprehension or grasping the meaning of something. Shiru is strictly about information possession.
Grammatikmuster
How to Use It
Nutzungshinweise
The verb 'shiru' is almost exclusively used in the te-form 'shitteiru' when discussing states of knowledge. Using the plain dictionary form 'shiru' often suggests the exact moment of acquiring new information. In formal business Japanese, 'zonjiru' is used instead to show modesty.
Häufige Fehler
Beginners often use 'shiru' when they should use 'wakaru'. Remember that 'shiru' is for data/facts, while 'wakaru' is for understanding/comprehension. Also, avoid saying 'shiru-imasu', as the correct conjugation is 'shitteimasu'.
Tips
Use Shitteiru for states
In Japanese, we almost always use 'shitteiru' to express that we know something. Using just 'shiru' often implies the moment of finding out.
Avoid direct translation of know
Be careful when you mean 'understand'. Use 'wakaru' instead of 'shiru' if you mean you comprehend the logic of something.
Politeness levels
In formal settings, you might use 'zonjite orimasu' instead of 'shitteimasu'. This is the humble form of knowing.
Wortherkunft
Derived from ancient Japanese 'shiru', originally meaning to manage or govern, later evolving to mean having knowledge of something. It is deeply rooted in the concept of recognizing one's domain.
Kultureller Kontext
Knowing something is often linked to social connection in Japan. To say you 'know' someone implies a level of established relationship.
Merkhilfe
Think of 'shiru' as 'she knows' (sounds similar). It helps to remember that it is about possessing information.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
3 Fragen「知る」は情報を持っているかどうかという事実を指します。「わかる」は、その内容を理解したり、論理的に把握したりするプロセスを指します。
「知っています」は肯定的な状態を表し、「知っていますか」は相手に知識の有無を尋ねる質問になります。どちらも「知る」の継続状態を表す形です。
「知った」と言うと、その瞬間に新しい情報を得たという「発見」のニュアンスが強くなります。状態として過去を知っていると言いたい場合は「知っていました」を使います。
Teste dich selbst
私は彼をよく___。
人物との関係性や状態を表すときは「知っている」という形を使います。
Ergebnis: /1
Summary
To know means to have information stored in your mind or to become aware of a new fact.
- To possess information or awareness about something.
- Used to indicate the initial discovery of a fact.
- Commonly used in the state form 'shitteiru'.
Use Shitteiru for states
In Japanese, we almost always use 'shitteiru' to express that we know something. Using just 'shiru' often implies the moment of finding out.
Avoid direct translation of know
Be careful when you mean 'understand'. Use 'wakaru' instead of 'shiru' if you mean you comprehend the logic of something.
Politeness levels
In formal settings, you might use 'zonjite orimasu' instead of 'shitteimasu'. This is the humble form of knowing.
Beispiele
4 von 4私は彼の名前を知っています。
I know his name.
その件については存じ上げております。
I am aware of that matter.
昨日、その事実を知った。
I found out that fact yesterday.
この理論を知ることは重要です。
It is important to know this theory.
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異常
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ごろ
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うえ
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