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B1 noun #1,500 am häufigsten 11 Min. Lesezeit

〜過ぎる

sugiru Top 1,500

At the A1 level, you learn '〜過ぎる' (sugiru) as a simple way to say 'too much' or 'too [adjective].' It is most commonly used with basic adjectives like 'atsui' (hot), 'samui' (cold), 'takai' (expensive), or 'ookii' (big). You will use it to express simple physical discomfort or basic opinions. For example, 'atsusugiru' (too hot) or 'takasugiru' (too expensive). At this stage, the focus is on the basic conjugation: dropping the 'i' for i-adjectives and adding 'sugiru.' You might also use it with very common verbs like 'taberu' (eat) and 'nomu' (drink) to say 'tabesugiru' (eat too much). The goal is to communicate immediate needs or feelings. You don't need to worry about complex nuances; just focus on the idea that something is 'more than okay.' For example, if a room is too small, you say 'chiisasugiru.' If a drink is too cold, you say 'tsumetaisugiru.' It's a very helpful tool for surviving daily life in Japan, allowing you to explain why you can't do something or why you are uncomfortable. Remember that 'sugiru' itself is a verb, so if you are talking about the past, you say 'sugita.' If you are talking to a teacher, you say 'sugimasu.'

At the A2 level, you begin to use '〜過ぎる' in more varied contexts, including more complex verbs and na-adjectives. You start to describe not just physical states, but also actions and behaviors. For instance, you might say 'hatarakisugiru' (work too much) or 'bengkyousugiru' (study too much). You also learn to use it with na-adjectives like 'shizuka' (quiet) or 'benri' (convenient). You'll start using the 'te-form' of 'sugiru' (sugite) to give reasons for things. For example, 'Kono kutsu wa chiisasugite, itai desu' (These shoes are too small, so they hurt). This allows you to create longer, more descriptive sentences. You also become aware of the nominalized form '〜過ぎ' (sugi), used in phrases like 'tabesugi' (overeating) or 'nomisugi' (overdrinking). You might hear these in health-related conversations or warnings. You are also introduced to the irregular 'yosugiru' (too good) from 'ii.' At this level, 'sugiru' helps you provide more detail in your daily conversations and allows you to express mild complaints or observations about your lifestyle and environment more naturally.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '〜過ぎる' with a wide range of vocabulary, including abstract concepts and emotional states. You use it to describe personality traits, such as 'yasashisugiru' (too kind) or 'majimesugiru' (too serious). You understand that 'sugiru' can have a negative nuance (implying a problem) but is also used as an intensifier in casual speech. You can use it in the negative form 'suginai' to give advice, like 'shinpai shisuginai de' (don't worry too much). You are also able to use 'sugiru' in relative clauses, such as 'tabesugita hito' (the person who ate too much). Your understanding of the grammar is solid, and you rarely make mistakes with the stems of adjectives or verbs. You start to notice 'sugiru' in media, like news reports about 'hatarakisugi' (overwork) or social media posts where it's used for emphasis. You can also distinguish between 'sugiru' as a suffix and 'sugiru' as a main verb meaning 'to pass.' This level is about refining your usage to sound more like a native speaker, using 'sugiru' to add color and specific intensity to your descriptions of people, situations, and your own feelings.

At the B2 level, you use '〜過ぎる' with high precision and understand its social implications. You can use it to discuss societal issues, such as 'shoushika ga susumisugiru' (the declining birthrate is progressing too much/too far). You are aware of the difference between 'sugiru' and more formal alternatives like 'amari ni mo' or 'kado na.' You can use 'sugiru' to express subtle irony or hyperbole. For example, you might use 'yosugiru' to describe a situation that seems suspiciously perfect. You also master the use of 'sugiru' with compound verbs and more advanced vocabulary. You understand how 'sugiru' can be used to modify other verbs or be part of complex grammatical structures like '〜すぎるほど' (to the extent of being too...). Your listening skills allow you to catch 'sugiru' even when it's spoken quickly or shortened in casual slang. You can participate in debates or discussions where you use 'sugiru' to point out excesses in arguments or policies. At this stage, 'sugiru' is not just a grammar point but a tool for nuanced expression, allowing you to convey exactly where the line has been crossed in any given context.

At the C1 level, you have a sophisticated grasp of '〜過ぎる' and its role in Japanese rhetoric. You can analyze its use in literature and formal speeches, where it might be used to emphasize the gravity of a situation. You understand the historical development of the word and how its usage has shifted in modern 'wakamono kotoba' (youth slang) to become a purely positive intensifier. You can use 'sugiru' in highly abstract contexts, such as 'riron-teki sugiru' (too theoretical) or 'kanshouteki sugiru' (too sentimental). You are also adept at using the nominalized form 'sugi' in idiomatic expressions like 'do ga sugiru' (to go too far). You can switch between 'sugiru' and its formal counterparts like 'ka-shou' (excessive) or 'cho-ka' (exceeding) depending on the register required. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, and you can even use 'sugiru' to create your own poetic or emphatic expressions. You understand the cultural 'moderation' (chudo) that 'sugiru' implicitly references, and you can use the word to navigate complex social interactions where identifying excess is a way of maintaining harmony or expressing concern without being overly blunt.

At the C2 level, your mastery of '〜過ぎる' is complete and intuitive. You can use it to explore philosophical concepts of excess and deficiency. You are aware of how 'sugiru' functions in various dialects and historical registers of Japanese. You can appreciate and use 'sugiru' in wordplay, puns, and sophisticated humor. You understand the psychological weight the word carries in the Japanese collective consciousness, particularly regarding work ethic and social conformity. You can use 'sugiru' to critique complex systems, art, or philosophical arguments with precision. Your ability to conjugate and integrate 'sugiru' into any sentence structure is flawless, even in the most rapid or complex speech. You can also identify when 'sugiru' is being used as a rhetorical device to manipulate emotion or emphasize a point in political or corporate communication. For you, 'sugiru' is a versatile brush in a large kit, used to paint subtle shades of meaning that go far beyond the simple translation of 'too much.' You understand that in Japanese, the 'passing' of a limit is often as much about the journey as it is about the destination, and your usage reflects this deep linguistic and cultural insight.

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〜過ぎる in 30 Sekunden

A suffix meaning 'too much' or 'excessively' attached to verbs and adjectives.
Used to indicate that a limit has been crossed, often with a negative nuance.
Conjugates as an Ichidan verb and can be used in various tenses and forms.
Commonly nominalized as '〜過ぎ' to refer to the act of overdoing something.

The Japanese grammatical construction 〜過ぎる (sugiru) is a versatile auxiliary verb that attaches to the stems of verbs and adjectives to indicate that an action or state has exceeded a desirable or normal limit. While it is often translated as 'too much' or 'excessively,' its usage spans from literal physical excess to metaphorical or emotional intensity. In its core essence, it functions as an Ichidan verb, meaning it conjugates like 'taberu.' When used as a suffix, it transforms the preceding word into a description of 'overdoing' something. For instance, while 'taberu' means 'to eat,' 'tabesugiru' means 'to overeat.' This nuance is crucial in Japanese communication because the culture often values balance and moderation (chudo), so identifying when something has crossed a threshold is a common linguistic necessity.

Grammatical Classification: Auxiliary Ichidan Verb (Suffix form). It can also be nominalized into '〜過ぎ' (sugi) to function as a noun meaning 'excess.'

昨日はお酒を飲み過ぎました。 (I drank too much alcohol yesterday.)

The word itself is derived from the verb 'sugiru' (過ぎる), which means 'to pass by' or 'to pass through' in a spatial or temporal sense. When applied to qualities or actions, that 'passing' becomes a 'surpassing' of the limit. It is important to note that while 'sugiru' usually carries a negative connotation—implying that the excess is a problem—it is frequently used in modern slang and casual speech to express high praise. For example, 'kawaissugiru' (too cute) or 'oishiisugiru' (too delicious) implies that the quality is so high it is almost overwhelming. This duality makes it one of the most expressive tools in the Japanese language for emphasizing intensity.

このカレーは辛すぎます。 (This curry is too spicy.)

Morphology: Verb Stem + 過ぎる / Adjective Stem + 過ぎる. It behaves as a single verb unit once attached.

In formal contexts, 'sugiru' is often replaced by more specific terms like 'kado' (excessive) or 'cho-ka' (exceeding), but in daily life, 'sugiru' is the undisputed king of expressing 'too much.' It covers everything from 'working too hard' (hatarakisugiru) to 'being too kind' (yasashisugiru). Understanding the threshold of 'sugiru' is also a cultural lesson; Japanese social norms often dictate a narrow 'correct' range for behavior, and anything outside that range is quickly labeled with 'sugiru.' This reflects the societal emphasis on harmony and not standing out too much.

彼は真面目すぎます。 (He is too serious/earnest.)

テレビの見過ぎは目に良くない。 (Watching too much TV is not good for your eyes.)

Semantic Range: Covers physical quantity, temporal duration, emotional intensity, and qualitative degrees.

この服は私には大きすぎます。 (These clothes are too big for me.)

Using 〜過ぎる correctly requires understanding the 'stem' of the word you are attaching it to. This is a fundamental skill in Japanese grammar. For verbs, you use the 'Masu-stem' (the part that remains when you remove 'masu'). For example, 'tabemasu' becomes 'tabe-', and then you add 'sugiru' to get 'tabesugiru.' For I-adjectives, you must remove the final 'i.' For example, 'atsui' (hot) becomes 'atsu-', resulting in 'atsusugiru.' For Na-adjectives, you simply use the dictionary form without 'na.' For example, 'shizuka' (quiet) becomes 'shizukasugiru.' This consistency makes it relatively easy to apply once you master the stems.

Verb Conjugation Rule: [Verb Stem] + 過ぎる. Example: 読みます (yomimasu) → 読み (yomi) + 過ぎる = 読み過ぎる (yomisugiru).

コーヒーを飲み過ぎて眠れません。 (I drank too much coffee and can't sleep.)

A special case involves the adjective 'ii' (good). Because 'ii' is irregular, its stem is 'yo-.' Therefore, 'too good' is 'yosugiru.' This is a common pitfall for learners who try to say 'iisugiru' (which actually means 'to overstate' or 'to say too much' from the verb 'iu'). Another nuance is the negative form. If you want to say 'not too much,' you conjugate 'sugiru' into 'suginai.' For example, 'tabesuginai de kudasai' (please don't eat too much). Because 'sugiru' is an Ichidan verb, it follows all standard verb conjugations: sugiru (present), sugita (past), sugite (te-form), suginai (negative).

このテストは難しすぎた。 (This test was too difficult.)

Adjective Conjugation Rule: [I-Adj (drop い)] + 過ぎる / [Na-Adj (no な)] + 過ぎる. Example: 高い (takai) → 高すぎ (takasugi).

In terms of sentence structure, 'sugiru' functions as the main verb of the clause. This means you can use it to end a sentence or to modify a noun by putting it in the plain form before the noun. For example, 'tabesugita hito' (a person who ate too much). It can also be used in the 'te-form' to connect reasons: 'Atsusugite, soto ni detakunai' (It's too hot, so I don't want to go outside). This versatility allows 'sugiru' to be integrated into complex thoughts and explanations seamlessly.

最近、忙しすぎて友達に会えません。 (Lately, I've been too busy and can't meet my friends.)

この部屋は静かすぎます。 (This room is too quiet.)

Noun Usage: Removing the final 'ru' creates a noun. 'Tabesugi' (overeating), 'nomisugi' (overdrinking), 'hatarakisugi' (overworking).

それは言い過ぎだよ。 (That's an exaggeration / You're saying too much.)

You will encounter 〜過ぎる in almost every facet of Japanese life, from medical advice to casual social media posts. In a medical or health context, doctors frequently use it to warn patients about lifestyle habits. Phrases like 'tabesugi' (overeating) or 'nomisugi' (overdrinking) are standard terms in health checkups. Similarly, in the workplace, 'hatarakisugiru' (overworking) is a significant social topic in Japan, often discussed in news reports regarding 'karoshi' (death from overwork). In these contexts, 'sugiru' carries a heavy, cautionary weight, emphasizing that a limit has been dangerously crossed.

Social Media & Slang: Used as an intensifier for positive traits. 'Tensai-sugiru' (too much of a genius), 'Kawaissugiru' (too cute).

この猫、可愛すぎる！ (This cat is too cute!)

In anime and manga, 'sugiru' is often used for dramatic effect. Characters might exclaim 'tsuyosugiru!' (too strong!) when facing an overwhelming opponent, or 'osugiru!' (too many!) when surrounded by enemies. It provides a quick way to convey a sense of being overwhelmed. In daily conversation, it's used to complain about the weather ('atsusugiru' - too hot), the price of goods ('takasugiru' - too expensive), or the difficulty of a task. It's a very 'reactive' word, used to express one's immediate feeling of imbalance in the environment.

値段が高すぎますね。 (The price is a bit too high, isn't it?)

Common Contexts: Weather, Food/Drink, Work/Study, Prices, Personal Traits, Physical Sensations.

In business settings, 'sugiru' might be used more cautiously. Instead of telling a boss they are 'isogasugiru' (too busy), a subordinate might use more polite circumlocutions. However, when discussing projects, one might say 'yotei ga kitsusugiru' (the schedule is too tight). It's also found in literature to describe extreme states of being, such as 'shizukasugiru yoru' (a night that is too quiet), which creates a sense of unease or anticipation. Whether in the mundane or the poetic, 'sugiru' is the go-to marker for the 'extraordinary' in the sense of 'beyond the ordinary.'

彼は優しすぎるから心配だ。 (I'm worried because he is too kind.)

この映画は長すぎました。 (This movie was too long.)

Emotional Nuance: Often implies a sense of regret, burden, or being overwhelmed, except in modern slang where it's purely emphatic.

ちょっと期待しすぎたかもしれない。 (I might have expected too much.)

One of the most frequent mistakes for beginners is failing to drop the 'i' from I-adjectives. Saying 'atsuisugiru' instead of 'atsusugiru' is a common error. While native speakers will understand you, it sounds grammatically 'clunky.' Similarly, for Na-adjectives, students sometimes mistakenly include 'na' (e.g., 'shizukanasugiru'), which is incorrect. The suffix attaches directly to the base. Another common pitfall is the irregular adjective 'ii' (good). Many learners try to say 'iisugiru,' but the correct form is 'yosugiru.' Interestingly, 'iisugiru' actually exists as a verb meaning 'to say too much' (from 'iu'), so using the wrong one can lead to significant confusion.

The 'ii' Trap: Wrong: いいすぎる (iisugiru) for 'too good'. Correct: よすぎる (yosugiru). Note: 言い過ぎる (iisugiru) means 'to overstate'.

運がよすぎる。 (The luck is too good / I'm too lucky.)

Another area of confusion is the difference between 'sugiru' and 'amari' or 'totemo.' While 'totemo' simply means 'very,' 'sugiru' specifically implies that the limit has been exceeded, usually in a negative way. For example, 'totemo atsui' is just 'very hot,' but 'atsusugiru' means 'it's so hot it's a problem.' Using 'sugiru' when you only mean 'very' can make you sound like you are complaining when you don't intend to. However, as mentioned before, younger generations use 'sugiru' for positive things, but in a formal or business environment, you should stick to the 'excessive/problematic' meaning to avoid sounding overly casual or dramatic.

昨日は食べすぎました。 (I ate too much yesterday.)

Confusion with 'Sugiru' as a main verb: 'Jikan ga sugiru' (Time passes) uses 'sugiru' as the main verb. 'Tabesugiru' uses it as a suffix. The grammar is different!

Finally, learners often struggle with the nominalized form. 'Tabesugi' is a noun, so it should be used with particles like 'wa' or 'ga.' For example, 'Tabesugi wa karada ni warui' (Overeating is bad for the body). Some learners try to use 'tabesugiru wa...' which is grammatically incorrect because 'sugiru' is a verb and needs a nominalizer like 'no' or 'koto' if you want to use it as a subject, or simply use the 'sugi' noun form. Mastering the switch between the verb suffix and the noun form is a key step toward B1/B2 proficiency.

飲み過ぎは注意してください。 (Please be careful about overdrinking.)

あまり心配しすぎないで。 (Don't worry too much.)

Stem Mistakes Summary: I-Adj: Drop 'i'. Na-Adj: No 'na'. Verb: Masu-stem. Irregular: 'ii' -> 'yo'.

この靴は小さすぎました。 (These shoes were too small.)

While 〜過ぎる is the most common way to express excess, several other words and structures overlap in meaning. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most common alternative is あまりに(も) (amari ni mo). While 'sugiru' is a suffix, 'amari ni mo' is an adverb placed before the adjective or verb. It often emphasizes the 'degree' of excess and is frequently used in written or formal Japanese. For example, 'amari ni mo takai' (excessively expensive) carries a slightly more formal tone than 'takasugiru.'

Comparison: 〜過ぎる vs あまりに: 'Sugiru' is a suffix (integrated). 'Amari ni' is an adverb (separate). 'Sugiru' is more common in speech; 'Amari ni' is more literary.

あまりに悲しくて、涙が出た。 (I was so sad [excessively sad] that tears came out.)

Another similar concept is 〜すぎるほど (sugiru hodo), which means 'to the extent of being too much.' This is used to create a comparison. For example, 'kirei sugiru hodo' means 'so beautiful it's almost too much.' There is also the word 過度 (kado), a noun meaning 'excessive.' This is used in formal or technical contexts, such as 'kado na sutoresu' (excessive stress). Unlike 'sugiru,' which is a verb suffix, 'kado' functions as a 'na-adjective' or noun. Choosing between them depends on whether you want to sound conversational or professional.

過度な期待はしないでください。 (Please do not have excessive expectations.)

Comparison: 〜過ぎる vs 〜すぎるほど: 'Sugiru' is the state. 'Sugiru hodo' is the degree/extent of the state compared to something else.

Finally, we have 〜過ぎ (sugi) as a time marker. While 'sugiru' as a suffix means 'too much,' 'sugi' after a time means 'past.' For example, 'san-ji sugi' means 'past 3 o'clock.' This is a different usage but uses the same kanji and root. It's important not to confuse 'too much' with 'past a certain time.' In the context of 'too much,' 'sugi' is always the nominalized form of the 'excess' verb. For example, 'tabesugi' (overeating) vs 'ni-ji sugi' (past 2:00). Context usually makes the distinction clear, but it's a common point of initial confusion for learners.

今は２時過ぎです。 (It is now past 2 o'clock.)

その冗談は度が過ぎる。 (That joke goes too far / exceeds the limit of propriety.)

Idiomatic Comparison: 'Do ga sugiru' is a set phrase meaning 'to go too far' or 'to be out of line'.

彼は慎重すぎてチャンスを逃した。 (He was too cautious and missed the chance.)

How Formal Is It?

Formell

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Beispiele nach Niveau

このお茶は熱すぎます。

This tea is too hot.

Atsui (hot) -> Atsu + sugimasu.

そのカバンは高すぎます。

That bag is too expensive.

Takai (expensive) -> Taka + sugimasu.

アイスを食べすぎました。

I ate too much ice cream.

Taberu (eat) -> Tabe + sugita (past tense).

この部屋は寒すぎます。

This room is too cold.

Samui (cold) -> Samu + sugimasu.

テレビを見すぎました。

I watched too much TV.

Miru (see/watch) -> Mi + sugita.

靴が小さすぎます。

The shoes are too small.

Chiisai (small) -> Chiisa + sugimasu.

水が多すぎます。

There is too much water.

Ooi (many/much) -> Oo + sugimasu.

宿題が多すぎます。

There is too much homework.

Ooi (many/much) -> Oo + sugimasu.

昨日は働きすぎました。

I worked too much yesterday.

Hataraku (work) -> Hataraki + sugita.

この町は静かすぎます。

This town is too quiet.

Shizuka (quiet - Na-adj) -> Shizuka + sugimasu.

コーヒーを飲みすぎて、眠れません。

I drank too much coffee and can't sleep.

Nomisugite (te-form) shows the reason.

彼は歩くのが速すぎます。

He walks too fast.

Hayai (fast) -> Haya + sugimasu.

食べすぎは体に良くないです。

Overeating is not good for the body.

Tabesugi is the noun form.

このテストは難しすぎました。

This test was too difficult.

Muzukashii (difficult) -> Muzukashi + sugita.

お酒を飲みすぎないでください。

Please don't drink too much alcohol.

Nomisuginai (negative form).

この服は私には大きすぎます。

These clothes are too big for me.

Ookii (big) -> Ooki + sugimasu.

彼女はいつも真面目すぎます。

She is always too serious.

Majime (serious - Na-adj) -> Majime + sugiru.

そんなに自分を責めすぎないで。

Don't blame yourself too much.

Semeru (blame) -> Seme + suginai.

この映画は長すぎて疲れました。

This movie was too long, so I got tired.

Nagasugite (te-form) connects the reason and result.

彼は優しすぎて、断ることができません。

He is too kind and can't say no.

Yasashii (kind) -> Yasashi + sugiru.

期待しすぎると、がっかりしますよ。

If you expect too much, you'll be disappointed.

Kitai suru (expect) -> Kitai shi + sugiru.

この部屋は物が多すぎて、掃除が大変です。

There are too many things in this room, so cleaning is hard.

Mono ga oosugiru (too many things).

それはちょっと言い過ぎじゃない？

Isn't that a bit of an overstatement?

Iisugi (noun form) means overstatement/saying too much.

運がよすぎて、逆に怖いです。

My luck is too good, it's actually scary.

Ii (good) -> Yo + sugiru (irregular).

この計画は楽観的すぎると批判された。

This plan was criticized for being too optimistic.

Rakkanteki (optimistic - Na-adj) -> Rakkanteki + sugiru.

彼は慎重すぎて、チャンスを逃してしまった。

He was too cautious and ended up missing the chance.

Shinchou (cautious) -> Shinchou + sugiru.

現代人は忙しすぎて、自分を見失いがちだ。

Modern people are too busy and tend to lose sight of themselves.

Isogashii (busy) -> Isogashi + sugiru.

その説明は簡略化しすぎていて、分かりにくい。

That explanation is too simplified and hard to understand.

Kanryakuka suru (simplify) -> Kanryakuka shi + sugiru.

彼女の才能は素晴らしすぎて、言葉が出ない。

Her talent is so wonderful that I'm speechless.

Subarashii (wonderful) -> Subarashi + sugiru.

あまりに便利すぎると、人間は退化するかもしれない。

If things are too convenient, humans might degenerate.

Amari ni (adverb) used with sugiru for emphasis.

その冗談は度が過ぎている。

That joke goes too far.

Do ga sugiru (idiom: to exceed the limit).

彼は自信がありすぎて、周りの意見を聞かない。

He has too much confidence and doesn't listen to others.

Jishin ga arisugiru (to have too much confidence).

この論文は抽象的すぎて、具体性に欠ける。

This thesis is too abstract and lacks specificity.

Chuushouteki (abstract) -> Chuushouteki + sugiru.

官僚主義が浸透しすぎて、意思決定が遅れている。

Bureaucracy has permeated too much, delaying decision-making.

Shintou suru (permeate) -> Shintou shi + sugiru.

市場の反応に敏感すぎると、長期的な戦略が立てられない。

Being too sensitive to market reactions prevents long-term strategy.

Binkan (sensitive) -> Binkan + sugiru.

その演出は作為的すぎて、感動できなかった。

The production was too contrived, so I couldn't be moved.

Sakuiteki (contrived/artificial) -> Sakuiteki + sugiru.

過去を美化しすぎるのは、現状からの逃避だ。

Beautifying the past too much is an escape from reality.

Bika suru (beautify) -> Bika shi + sugiru.

彼は論理的すぎて、感情の機微を理解しない。

He is too logical and doesn't understand the subtleties of emotion.

Ronriteki (logical) -> Ronriteki + sugiru.

この街は開発されすぎて、昔の面影がない。

This town has been overdeveloped and has no trace of its past.

Kaihatsu sareru (be developed) -> Kaihatsu sare + sugiru.

自己犠牲も度が過ぎれば、美徳とは言えない。

Self-sacrifice, if excessive, cannot be called a virtue.

Do ga sugireba (conditional form of the idiom).

還元主義に陥りすぎると、事象の本質を見失う。

Falling too far into reductionism leads to losing the essence of phenomena.

Ochiiru (fall into) -> Ochiiri + sugiru.

情報の氾濫は、思考の深化を妨げるほどに過剰すぎる。

The flood of information is so excessive it hinders the deepening of thought.

Kajou (excessive) + sugiru (intensifier).

その言説はあまりに煽情的すぎて、冷静な議論を阻害している。

That discourse is far too inflammatory, obstructing calm debate.

Senjou-teki (inflammatory) -> Senjou-teki + sugiru.

完璧を求めすぎることは、創造性の最大の敵である。

Seeking perfection too much is the greatest enemy of creativity.

Motomeru (seek) -> Motome + sugiru.

制度の形骸化が進みすぎて、もはや機能していない。

The institutionalization has become too hollowed out to function anymore.

Keigaika (becoming a mere shell) -> Keigaika shi + sugiru.

技術への過信は、時に取り返しのつかない悲劇を招きすぎる。

Overconfidence in technology sometimes leads to too many irreversible tragedies.

Manoku (bring about) -> Manoki + sugiru.

自己のアイデンティティを固定化しすぎるのは危険だ。

It is dangerous to over-fixate one's identity.

Koteika suru (fixate) -> Koteika shi + sugiru.

言葉は時に、語りすぎることで真実を覆い隠してしまう。

Words sometimes hide the truth by saying too much.

Katarisugiru (to talk too much).

Häufige Kollokationen

食べ過ぎる (tabesugiru)

飲み過ぎる (nomisugiru)

働き過ぎる (hatarakisugiru)

考え過ぎる (kangaesugiru)

高すぎる (takasugiru)

大きすぎる (ookisugiru)

難しすぎる (muzukashisugiru)

忙しすぎる (isogasugiru)

期待しすぎる (kitaishisugiru)

言い過ぎる (iisugiru)

Häufige Phrasen

食べ過ぎた (tabesugita - ate too much)

飲み過ぎ注意 (nomisugi chuui - watch out for overdrinking)

考えすぎだよ (kangaesugi da yo - you're overthinking it)

それは言い過ぎ (sore wa iisugi - that's an overstatement)

度が過ぎる (do ga sugiru - to go too far)

忙しすぎて死にそう (isogasugite shinisou - so busy I could die)

可愛すぎる (kawaissugiru - too cute)

早すぎる (hayasugiru - too early/fast)

安すぎる (yasusugiru - too cheap)

面白すぎる (omoshirosugiru - too interesting/funny)

Wird oft verwechselt mit

〜過ぎる vs Totemo (Very - neutral, whereas sugiru is often negative/excessive)

〜過ぎる vs Amari (Not very - used in negative sentences, whereas sugiru is for excess)

〜過ぎる vs Iisugiru (To say too much vs Yosugiru - too good)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

Leicht verwechselbar

〜過ぎる vs

Satzmuster

So verwendest du es

past

The past tense is 'sugita' or 'sugimashita'.

negation

The negative is 'suginai' (don't overdo).

politeness

Add 'masu' to 'sugiru' to make 'sugimasu'.

Häufige Fehler

Saying 'takaisugiru' instead of 'takasugiru'.
Saying 'iisugiru' when you mean 'too good' (should be 'yosugiru').
Using 'sugiru' as a standalone adjective (it must be a suffix or a main verb).
Forgetting to conjugate 'sugiru' into the past tense when talking about something that already happened.
Using 'na' with na-adjectives (e.g., 'shizukanasugiru').

Tipps

Stem Check

Always double-check your stems. For 'i-adjectives,' the 'i' must go. For 'na-adjectives,' the 'na' must go.

Modesty

Use 'sugiru' to downplay your own skills or traits to sound more humble in Japanese society.

Emphasis

On social media, use 'sugiru' to show high excitement about something you like.

Warnings

Pay attention to '〜過ぎ' in health advice; it's the standard way to talk about bad habits.

Verb vs Suffix

If 'sugiru' follows a particle like 'ga,' it's the main verb 'to pass.' If it's attached to another word, it's the suffix 'too much.'

Te-form

Use 'sugite' to explain why you couldn't do something (e.g., 'isogasugite dekinai').

Irregulars

Memorize 'yosugiru' (too good) and 'nasasugiru' (too non-existent) as special cases.

Negative Bias

Assume 'sugiru' is a complaint unless the context is clearly enthusiastic or slangy.

Flow

Try to say the whole compound word (e.g., tabesugiru) as one single unit without a pause.

Balance

Reflect on the Japanese value of 'balance' whenever you use this word to describe excess.

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

Derived from the ancient Japanese verb 'sugu,' meaning to pass through or go beyond a point.

Kultureller Kontext

Adding 'sugiru' to nouns (e.g., tensai-sugiru) is a modern trend not found in traditional grammar.

The term 'hatarakisugi' (overworking) is central to the discussion of 'karoshi' (death from overwork) in Japan.

Calling yourself 'majimesugiru' (too serious) is a common way to be humble while acknowledging a trait.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"最近、忙しすぎませんか？ (Haven't you been too busy lately?)"

"このカレー、辛すぎない？ (Isn't this curry too spicy?)"

"昨日、飲みすぎちゃったんだ。 (I accidentally drank too much yesterday.)"

"日本の夏は暑すぎますね。 (Japanese summer is too hot, isn't it?)"

"この映画、ちょっと長すぎたね。 (This movie was a bit too long, wasn't it?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

最近、自分が「やりすぎた」と思うことは何ですか？ (What is something you think you 'overdid' lately?)

「〜すぎ」と言われないために気をつけていることは？ (What do you be careful about so people don't say you are 'too [something]'?)

あなたが「よすぎる」と思うものは何ですか？ (What is something you think is 'too good'?)

働きすぎることについてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about working too much?)

子供の頃、テレビを見すぎて怒られましたか？ (When you were a child, did you get scolded for watching too much TV?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, in modern casual speech, it's used as an intensifier like 'too cute' (kawaisugiru). However, in formal contexts, it usually implies a negative excess.

'Tabesugiru' is the verb (to eat too much), while 'tabesugi' is the noun (overeating). Use 'tabesugi' as a subject or object.

It is irregular. You must use 'yosugiru.' Never say 'iisugiru' unless you mean 'to say too much.'

It is neutral. To make it polite, use 'sugimasu.' To make it casual, use 'sugiru' or just 'sugi' in slang.

Usually no. You must turn the noun into a verb or adjective first. However, in slang, people sometimes say things like 'tensai-sugiru' (too much of a genius).

It is an idiom meaning 'to go too far' or 'to exceed the limits of acceptable behavior.'

Use the negative form 'suginai.' For example, 'tabesuginai' (not eat too much).

No, it can be used in the middle of a sentence in its 'te-form' (sugite) to show a reason.

Yes, it is 過ぎる. In casual writing, it is often written in hiragana.

Yes, 'kiraisugiru' means you hate something way too much.