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A2 adjective Neutral #6,500 am häufigsten 2 Min. Lesezeit

축축하다

[t͡ɕʰukt͡ɕʰuɡada]
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Overview

The Korean word '축축하다' (chuk-chuk-ha-da) is a descriptive verb that means 'to be damp,' 'to be moist,' or 'to be humid.' It's often used to describe things that feel slightly wet but not completely soaked. The nuance of '축축하다' suggests a sensation of lingering moisture, often with a slightly unpleasant or uncomfortable connotation depending on the context.

Grammatically, '축축하다' is an adjective, but in Korean, descriptive verbs (형용사 - hyeong-yong-sa) function similarly to adjectives in English. It can be conjugated in various ways to fit different grammatical structures and tenses. For example:

  • Present Tense (informal polite): 축축해요 (chuk-chuk-hae-yo) - It is damp/humid.
  • Present Tense (formal polite): 축축합니다 (chuk-chuk-ham-ni-da) - It is damp/humid.
  • Past Tense: 축축했어요 (chuk-chuk-haess-eo-yo) - It was damp/humid.
  • Future Tense/Conjecture: 축축할 거예요 (chuk-chuk-hal geo-ye-yo) - It will be damp/humid / It seems damp.
  • As an adjective modifying a noun: 축축한 (chuk-chuk-han) - damp/humid (e.g., 축축한 날씨 - chuk-chuk-han nal-ssi - damp weather).

Here are some common contexts and examples of how '축축하다' is used:

  1. 1Weather: When describing humid or damp weather.
  • 비가 와서 날씨가 축축해요. (Bi-ga wa-seo nal-ssi-ga chuk-chuk-hae-yo.) - It rained, so the weather is humid.
  1. 1Objects/Surfaces: To describe things that are slightly wet to the touch.
  • 수건이 아직 축축해요. (Su-geon-i a-jik chuk-chuk-hae-yo.) - The towel is still damp.
  • 벽이 축축해서 곰팡이가 생겼어요. (Byeok-i chuk-chuk-hae-seo gom-pang-i-ga saeng-gyeoss-eo-yo.) - The wall was damp, so mold grew.
  1. 1Feelings/Sensations (sometimes metaphorical): While primarily physical, it can sometimes be used to describe a feeling of clamminess or even a slightly 'damp' atmosphere in a figurative sense, though this is less common than its literal use.
  • 손이 축축하다. (Son-i chuk-chuk-ha-da.) - One's hands are clammy.

Synonyms and Antonyms:

  • Similar words: '습하다' (seup-ha-da - to be humid/damp, often more formally used for weather or air), '젖다' (jeot-da - to get wet/be soaked, implies more saturation than '축축하다').
  • Opposite words: '건조하다' (geon-jo-ha-da - to be dry), '바싹 마르다' (ba-ssak ma-reu-da - to be completely dry).

Understanding '축축하다' is key to accurately describing conditions related to moisture in Korean, especially when differentiating between slightly damp and completely wet.

Beispiele

1

비 때문에 옷이 축축해요.

rainy weather

My clothes are damp because of the rain.

2

장마철이라서 집 안이 축축해요.

monsoon season

It's the monsoon season, so the house is humid.

3

손수건이 땀으로 축축해졌다.

sweat

The handkerchief became damp with sweat.

4

바닥이 물기로 축축해서 미끄러웠다.

wet floor

The floor was damp with water, so it was slippery.

5

축축한 흙냄새가 비 온 뒤에 났다.

after rain

The smell of damp earth came after the rain.

Häufige Kollokationen

축축한 날씨
축축한 땅
축축한 공기
축축한 수건

Wird oft verwechselt mit

축축하다 vs. 눅눅하다
refers to something that is unpleasantly damp or clammy, often with a feeling of stickiness or moldiness, and can imply a negative connotation regarding freshness or dryness.
축축하다 vs. 촉촉하다
implies a pleasant or desirable level of moisture, often suggesting freshness, softness, or a healthy state. It typically has a positive connotation.
축축하다 vs. 습하다
describes a general state of high humidity in the air or environment. It focuses on the atmospheric condition rather than the dampness of an object itself.
축축하다 vs. 젖다
means to become wet or to be soaked with liquid. It is a more general term for wetness, often implying a greater degree of saturation than '축축하다'.

Grammatikmuster

이/가 축축하다 축축해지다 축축하게 하다

So verwendest du es

Nutzungshinweise

'축축하다' is an adjective and is conjugated like other Korean descriptive verbs. It can be used in various grammatical forms depending on the context. For example, to say "The air is humid," you would say "공기가 축축해요" (gonggiga chukchukhaeyo). To describe a damp towel, you might say "축축한 수건" (chukchukhan sugeon), using the adjectival form. It's often paired with adverbs to intensify or qualify the degree of dampness, such as '아주 축축하다' (aju chukchuk-hada, very damp) or '조금 축축하다' (jogeum chukchuk-hada, a little damp). While it generally refers to an undesirable level of dampness in environmental contexts, it can be used neutrally or positively when the dampness is expected or beneficial, like a '축축한 흙' (chukchukhan heulk, damp soil) for planting. It is distinct from words like '습하다' (seup-hada), which also means humid but often refers more broadly to the general atmospheric condition, whereas '축축하다' often implies a more tactile or sensory experience of dampness on surfaces or the body.

Häufige Fehler

A common mistake is confusing '축축하다' with '촉촉하다' (chok-chok-hada), which also means damp but usually in a pleasant way, like moist skin or dewy grass. '축축하다' often carries a slightly negative connotation, implying an excessive or unpleasant dampness, like a soggy towel or a clammy room. Another mistake is using it for dry objects; remember it specifically refers to things that are wet or moist. Also, ensure correct conjugation; for example, '축축해요' (chuk-chuk-hae-yo) for polite present tense. Pay attention to context as well; while both can mean damp, the nuance of '축축하다' leans towards an undesirable wetness. Avoid overusing it when a simpler descriptor like '젖어있다' (jeojeo-issda - to be wet) might be more appropriate depending on the specific situation.

Tipps

💡

"축축하다" can be used to describe something that is unpleasantly damp or moist.

This word carries a connotation of being overly wet, often in a way that is undesirable or uncomfortable. Think of a damp towel that hasn't dried properly, or a humid day where everything feels sticky. It's not a gentle dampness, but rather a more pronounced and sometimes unpleasant wetness.
💡

Avoid confusing "축축하다" with words for simply being wet, like "젖다."

While both relate to wetness, "젖다" (to be wet/soaked) is more general. You could say your clothes '젖다' if they get caught in the rain. However, you'd use '축축하다' if they were still damp and clammy from not drying properly after being wet. The key difference is the nuance of an undesirable or excessive dampness in '축축하다'.
💡

"축축하다" can also be used metaphorically to describe a gloomy or melancholic atmosphere.

Just as physical dampness can be uncomfortable, a '축축한' atmosphere can feel heavy, depressing, or joyless. Imagine a room filled with sadness, or a situation that feels emotionally draining. In this sense, the word evokes a feeling of emotional sogginess or lack of brightness.

Wortherkunft

The Korean word '축축하다' (chukchukada) meaning 'to be damp or humid' is an expressive reduplicative adjective that vividly describes a state of wetness. The word is formed by the repetition of the syllable '축' (chuk), which itself conveys a sense of being moist or soggy. This reduplication intensifies the meaning, emphasizing the pervasive and unpleasant nature of dampness. Historically, the root '축' has been associated with water and wet conditions in various forms within the Korean language. While a precise single ancient character or direct loanword might be difficult to pinpoint due to the phonetic nature of many Korean adjectives, the onomatopoeic and mimetic qualities of '축축하다' suggest an organic development within the language to describe sensory experiences. The '하다' (hada) suffix is a common light verb in Korean that transforms nouns and mimetic words into verbs or adjectives, indicating a state or action. In this case, it functions to create the adjectival form 'to be 축축'. Related words and phrases in Korean that share a similar semantic field include '젖다' (jeotda, to get wet), '습하다' (seupada, to be humid, often used for atmospheric humidity), and '눅눅하다' (nungnukhada, to be soggy or clammy, often implying a less severe or more localized dampness than '축축하다'). The nuance of '축축하다' often carries a connotation of an undesirable or slightly uncomfortable wetness, such as a damp towel, a humid room, or clammy hands. Across different dialects and historical periods, the core meaning of '축축하다' has remained consistent, reflecting a universal human experience of encountering dampness. Its structure exemplifies how Korean utilizes phonetic repetition to create vivid and descriptive vocabulary for sensory perceptions.

Kultureller Kontext

The word '축축하다' (chukchuk-hada) in Korean vividly describes something that is damp, moist, or humid. This feeling is particularly prevalent in Korea during the summer monsoon season (장마철, jangma-cheol), which typically runs from late June to late July. During this period, the air becomes heavy with moisture, and '축축하다' is frequently used to describe the oppressive humidity that makes everything feel sticky and clammy, from clothing to bedding and even the air itself. Beyond the weather, it can also refer to the dampness of soil after rain, the moisture lingering on laundry that hasn't fully dried, or even the slight dampness of skin after sweating. It carries a connotation of unpleasantness when describing weather or living conditions, highlighting the discomfort caused by excessive moisture. However, it can be more neutral or even positive when describing things like well-watered plants or a slightly moist cake, where dampness is desired.

Merkhilfe

Visualize '축축하다' by thinking of 'chuk-chuk' (the sound of squishing mud) and associating it with dampness. Imagine walking through a muddy, humid forest, feeling the 'chuk-chuk' underfoot and the damp air all around.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

4 Fragen
'축축하다' (chukchukhada) is a Korean adjective that describes something as being damp, humid, moist, or clammy. It suggests a feeling of wetness that is often slightly unpleasant or excessive, rather than just pleasantly moist. It's commonly used to describe weather, clothing, or surfaces.
You can use '축축하다' in various contexts. For example: - '날씨가 축축해요.' (Nalssiga chukchukhaeyo.) - The weather is damp/humid. - '옷이 축축해졌어요.' (Osi chukchukhaejyeosseoyo.) - My clothes got damp. - '손이 축축해서 미끄러워요.' (Soni chukchukhaeseo mikkeureowoyo.) - My hands are clammy, so they're slippery. - '숲 속은 항상 축축하다.' (Sup sogeun hangsang chukchukhada.) - The forest is always damp.
Some related words or synonyms that convey similar meanings include: - '습하다' (seupada): Humid, damp (more general for weather/environment). - '젖다' (jeotda): To get wet, to be soaked (focuses on the action of becoming wet). - '촉촉하다' (chokchokhada): Moist, dewy (often implies a pleasant, appropriate level of moisture, like on skin or food, contrasting with the slightly negative connotation of '축축하다'). - '눅눅하다' (nungnukhada): Damp, soggy (often used for food becoming soft and wet, like crackers).
'축축하다' typically carries a nuance of excessive or slightly uncomfortable dampness. While '촉촉하다' suggests a pleasant, healthy moisture (like 'moist skin' or 'dewy leaves'), '축축하다' leans towards an unpleasant clamminess, like 'damp clothes on a humid day' or 'sweaty hands.' It implies a wetness that might make things feel heavy, sticky, or just generally not ideal.

Teste dich selbst

fill blank

비가 와서 방 안이 좀 ________.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
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손수건이 땀으로 ________.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
fill blank

지하실 공기가 ________.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

Ergebnis: /3

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