B1 noun خنثی 3 دقیقه مطالعه

forbrydelse

fʌˈbʁyðjælsə
Practice it

Overview

The Danish word 'forbrydelse' directly translates to 'crime' or 'offense' in English, and it refers to an act punishable by law. In Danish legal terminology, 'forbrydelse' is a broad term encompassing various unlawful acts, ranging from minor infractions to serious felonies. The severity of a 'forbrydelse' is determined by the specific laws it violates and the potential penalties associated with it.

Understanding 'forbrydelse' requires an appreciation of the Danish legal system, which is primarily based on civil law. This means that laws are codified and systematically organized into various statutes and acts. When an act is deemed a 'forbrydelse,' it signifies that it contravenes one or more of these established legal provisions. The concept is deeply embedded in the Strafelov (Criminal Code), which outlines the different types of crimes, their definitions, and the corresponding punishments.

Examples of acts considered 'forbrydelse' in Denmark include:

  • Tyveri (Theft): Unlawfully taking another person's property with the intent to permanently deprive them of it.
  • Røveri (Robbery): Theft committed with the use or threat of violence.
  • Vold (Violence/Assault): Inflicting physical harm upon another person.
  • Bedrageri (Fraud): Deceiving someone for personal gain or to cause them loss.
  • Narkotikakriminalitet (Drug offenses): Manufacturing, possessing, or distributing illegal substances.

For an act to be classified as a 'forbrydelse,' there must typically be both an objective element (the act itself, known as the 'objektive betingelser') and a subjective element (the mental state or intent of the perpetrator, known as the 'subjektive betingelser'). For instance, accidental harm might not be considered a 'forbrydelse' unless there was gross negligence, whereas intentional harm almost always would be.

The legal process following a 'forbrydelse' generally involves investigation by the police, potential prosecution by the public prosecutor (Anklagemyndigheden), and ultimately, a trial in a Danish court. The outcomes can range from fines for minor offenses to imprisonment for serious crimes. The severity of the punishment is influenced by factors such as the nature of the crime, the intent of the perpetrator, the extent of the damage caused, and any previous criminal record.

In a broader societal context, the concept of 'forbrydelse' underpins the maintenance of public order and safety in Denmark. It reflects the community's collective understanding of unacceptable behavior and the mechanisms in place to deter such actions and administer justice. The legal framework surrounding 'forbrydelse' is continuously updated to reflect societal changes and evolving challenges, such as cybercrime or new forms of economic offenses.

مثال‌ها

1

En række brutale forbrydelser har rystet lokalsamfundet.

General discussion about crime.

A series of brutal crimes has shaken the local community.

2

Han blev anklaget for en alvorlig forbrydelse.

Legal context, referring to a specific act.

He was accused of a serious offense.

3

Forbrydelse betaler sig ikke.

Proverbial saying, moral statement.

Crime doesn't pay.

4

En forbrydelse mod menneskeheden.

Referring to grave international offenses.

A crime against humanity.

5

Politiet efterforsker en mulig forbrydelse.

Police activity, investigation.

The police are investigating a possible crime.

ترکیب‌های رایج

begå en forbrydelse
opklare en forbrydelse
straffe en forbrydelse
ofre for en forbrydelse
organiseret forbrydelse

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

forbrydelse vs forbryder

Noun, person committing the act vs. the act itself.

forbrydelse vs kriminalitet

Broader term for crime in general vs. a specific act.

الگوهای دستوری

en forbrydelse (indefinite, singular) forbrydelsen (definite, singular) forbrydelser (indefinite, plural) forbrydelserne (definite, plural)

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

'Forbrydelse' is a formal and comprehensive term for an act punishable by law, equivalent to 'crime' or 'felony' in English. It encompasses a wide range of illegal activities, from petty theft to serious offenses like murder. When discussing specific types of crimes, more specific terms are often used, such as 'tyveri' (theft), 'røveri' (robbery), or 'mord' (murder). 'Forbrydelse' can be used in both singular and plural forms ('forbrydelser'). It is commonly found in legal documents, police reports, and news articles. In casual conversation, people might sometimes use more informal terms like 'ulovlig handling' (illegal act) or 'noget ulovligt' (something illegal), especially for less severe infractions, although 'forbrydelse' remains appropriate for any act considered a crime. It's important to note the distinction between 'forbrydelse' and 'overtrædelse' (transgression/violation), where 'overtrædelse' typically refers to less serious offenses, often administrative in nature, which might result in fines rather than imprisonment.

اشتباهات رایج

One common mistake might be confusing 'forbrydelse' (crime/offense) with 'brøde' (guilt/fault), which has a related but distinct meaning. Also, ensure correct pronunciation, especially with the 'd' which can sometimes be silent or very soft in Danish, but in this case, it's typically pronounced. Another mistake could be using 'kriminalitet' (criminality/crime as a concept) when referring to a specific act, where 'forbrydelse' would be more appropriate.

ریشه کلمه

The Danish word 'forbrydelse' traces its origins back to Old Norse and Proto-Germanic roots. It is composed of the prefix 'for-' and the word 'brydelse'. The prefix 'for-' in Old Norse (and later Danish) often indicates a sense of intensiveness, completion, or sometimes a negative connotation, similar to 'mis-' or 'trans-' in English. It comes from Proto-Germanic *fra-, which is related to Proto-Indo-European *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'forth'. The root 'brydelse' is derived from the Old Norse verb 'brjóta', meaning 'to break'. This verb itself comes from Proto-Germanic *brekaną, also meaning 'to break', and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-, 'to break, to shatter'. So, literally, 'forbrydelse' can be understood as 'a breaking forth' or 'a breaking intensely'. In a legal and moral context, this 'breaking' refers to the breaking of laws, rules, or societal norms. The development of the word reflects a common linguistic pattern where concepts of breaking, violating, or transgressing are used to describe acts that are unlawful or immoral. This connection between 'breaking' and 'crime' is also seen in other Germanic languages (e.g., German 'Verbrechen' from 'brechen' - to break) and even Romance languages (e.g., Latin 'frangere' - to break, leading to words related to infraction). Over time, 'forbrydelse' became the established term in Danish to denote an act punishable by law, encompassing a wide range of offenses from minor misdemeanors to serious felonies. Its etymology thus paints a clear picture of its core meaning: a violation, a transgression, or a 'breaking' of what is legally or morally prescribed.

بافت فرهنگی

In Denmark, the concept of 'forbrydelse' (crime) is deeply rooted in the legal system, which is primarily based on civil law traditions. Danish society generally emphasizes rehabilitation and social reintegration for offenders, rather than solely punitive measures. Public perception of 'forbrydelse' is often shaped by discussions on social welfare, crime prevention, and the effectiveness of the justice system. There's a strong cultural belief in due process and human rights, even for those accused or convicted of crimes. The term itself carries significant weight, implying a serious breach of societal norms and laws, and is often used in formal legal contexts, news reporting, and everyday conversations when discussing illegal acts. The discourse around 'forbrydelse' can also touch upon underlying social issues, such as economic inequality or lack of opportunities, which are sometimes seen as contributing factors to criminal behavior.

راهنمای حفظ

Think of 'forbrydelse' sounding a bit like 'forbidden deed' in English. It's something that is forbidden by law, and therefore a crime.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

The Danish word for 'an act punishable by law' is 'forbrydelse'. This term is commonly used in legal contexts and refers to a serious offense or crime. It encompasses actions that are considered illegal and carry specific penalties under Danish law. Understanding this word is crucial when discussing criminal acts or legal matters in Denmark, as it accurately reflects the severity and consequences associated with such actions. It's a fundamental concept in Danish jurisprudence.

In Danish law, 'forbrydelse' is defined as an act that is explicitly prohibited by law and for which a penalty is prescribed. This distinguishes it from less severe infractions, often termed 'forseelse' (misdemeanor or minor offense). The classification as a 'forbrydelse' implies that the act is of a serious nature, often involving significant harm or danger to individuals or society, and typically carries more severe punishments, including imprisonment. The specific definition and associated penalties are detailed in various Danish statutes, primarily the Criminal Code.

Examples of acts that constitute a 'forbrydelse' in Denmark include serious crimes such as murder ('mord'), robbery ('røveri'), assault ('vold'), rape ('voldtægt'), serious fraud ('bedrageri af særlig grov karakter'), and large-scale drug trafficking ('omfattende narkotikahandel'). These are actions that are universally recognized as severe offenses and are subject to substantial legal consequences. The specific details and classifications can vary depending on the circumstances of the act and the specific articles of the Danish Criminal Code that apply.

The primary difference between 'forbrydelse' and 'forseelse' in Danish law lies in the severity of the act and the penalties it carries. A 'forbrydelse' is a serious crime, punishable by more significant penalties, often including imprisonment, and typically involves a higher degree of culpability. A 'forseelse,' on the other hand, is a minor offense or misdemeanor, such as traffic violations or petty theft, which generally results in fines or less severe penalties. The distinction is crucial for legal classification and the application of appropriate legal procedures and sanctions within the Danish legal system.

خودت رو بسنج

fill blank

Tyveri er en alvorlig ______.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
fill blank

En _______ som mord medfører ofte en lang fængselsstraf.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
fill blank

Han blev anklaget for en ______, der fandt sted i går.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

امتیاز: /3

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