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B2 adjective #7,000 پرکاربردترین 6 دقیقه مطالعه

leidend

رتبه 7,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها leidend در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح leidend in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need the word 'leidend' yet. You would usually say 'Ich bin krank' (I am sick) or 'Mir geht es schlecht' (I feel bad). However, it is good to recognize the root 'Leid' (sorrow/pain) because you will see it in words like 'Tut mir leid' (I'm sorry). Think of 'leidend' as a very strong way of saying someone is not just sick, but they look like they are in pain. If you see a picture of a person with a very sad and pained face in your textbook, that person is 'leidend'. It is an adjective, so it describes a person or a thing. Even at this early stage, understanding that German uses verbs to create adjectives (like 'leiden' becoming 'leidend') is a great first step into how the language works. Just remember: 'krank' is for the doctor, 'leidend' is for the feeling and the look of the person. You won't be expected to use it in your speaking exams, but if you recognize it in a text, you will understand that the situation is serious and sad.

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At the A2 level, you are beginning to describe people's appearances and feelings more accurately. You know words like 'traurig' (sad) and 'müde' (tired). 'Leidend' is a more advanced word to add to this list. You might use it to describe a character in a story. For example, 'Der Mann im Buch ist alt und leidend.' This tells your teacher that you understand the man isn't just old, but he is also suffering. You will also start to see how 'leidend' changes its ending based on the noun it follows. For example, 'ein leidender Hund' (a suffering dog). At A2, focus on the fact that this word comes from 'leiden' (to suffer). If you know 'leiden', you can easily remember 'leidend'. It is helpful for reading simple news articles or short stories where emotions are described. It is a 'level up' from 'krank' and shows you are paying attention to the nuances of how people feel. Don't worry about using it perfectly, but try to notice it when you read about people who are sick or in trouble.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to express your opinions and describe experiences in more detail. 'Leidend' becomes a very useful adjective for discussing social issues, health, or literature. You can use it to describe the 'leidende Bevölkerung' (suffering population) when talking about global news or history. You should also be comfortable with the predicative use: 'Er sah gestern sehr leidend aus, deshalb habe ich ihn nach Hause geschickt.' (He looked very ailing yesterday, so I sent him home). This shows you can use the word to justify an action. At this level, you should also distinguish 'leidend' from 'leider'. While 'leider' means 'unfortunately', 'leidend' is about the actual state of suffering. You might also encounter it in composite words or phrases. Understanding 'leidend' helps you move away from simple descriptions towards more empathetic and precise language. It is a key word for the 'Health' and 'Social Life' modules of B1 exams. You should be able to identify it in listening exercises where someone is describing their symptoms or their emotional state.

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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should use 'leidend' to add nuance and sophistication to your descriptions. You understand that 'leidend' is a Partizip I and functions as an adjective. You can use it in more complex sentence structures, such as 'Der unter der Hitze leidende Wanderer suchte Schatten' (The hiker, suffering under the heat, sought shade). This demonstrates your ability to use extended participial attributes, a hallmark of B2 German. You should also be aware of the register; 'leidend' is more formal and expressive than 'krank'. You can use it to describe an 'Ausdruck' (expression) or a 'Miene' (countenance). At this level, you are expected to understand the emotional weight the word carries. It’s not just about a virus; it’s about the human experience of enduring something difficult. You should also be able to contrast it with synonyms like 'geplagt' or 'schmerzerfüllt' and explain why one might be better in a certain context. In your writing, using 'leidend' instead of 'sehr krank' will significantly improve your style and mark you as a more advanced learner.

At the C1 level, you use 'leidend' with precision in academic, literary, and professional contexts. You are aware of its historical and philosophical connotations, particularly in the context of German Romanticism and existentialist literature. You can analyze how authors use the 'leidende Figur' to critique society or explore the human condition. You should be able to use the word metaphorically, for example, 'die leidende Wirtschaft' (the suffering economy), although 'angeschlagen' might be more common, 'leidend' adds a personified, dramatic touch. You understand the subtle difference between 'leidend' and its related forms like 'leidig' (tiresome) and 'leidlich' (passable), and you never confuse them. Your vocabulary is broad enough that 'leidend' is just one of many tools you have to describe distress. You can also use it in complex nominalizations and passive constructions. In a C1 essay, you might discuss the 'leidende Rolle der Frau in der Geschichte' (the suffering role of women in history), showing an ability to apply the word to abstract concepts and large-scale social patterns. Your mastery of its declension in all cases and genders is flawless.

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At the C2 level, 'leidend' is a word you manipulate with stylistic flair. You understand its deepest etymological roots and its resonance in the works of thinkers like Schopenhauer or Nietzsche, where suffering (Leiden) is a central theme. You can use 'leidend' to create specific atmospheres in creative writing or to provide highly nuanced character sketches. You are sensitive to the 'Pathos' that the word can evoke and use it intentionally to trigger an emotional response in your reader or listener. You might use it in rare or archaic-sounding constructions to achieve a specific effect. You are also aware of how the word functions in legal or highly specialized medical German, where 'der Leidende' can function as a substantive (the sufferer). At this level, you don't just know the word; you know its history, its weight, and its place in the vast web of German synonyms for pain and endurance. You can discuss the 'Ästhetik des Leidenden' (the aesthetics of the suffering) in art history with ease. Your use of 'leidend' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, used only when the context demands its specific blend of endurance and visibility.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

leidend در ۳۰ ثانیه

Leidend is a German adjective meaning 'suffering' or 'ailing', derived from the verb 'leiden'.
It is used to describe a person's physical or emotional state, often visible in their facial expression.
Grammatically, it is a Partizip I and must be declined according to gender, case, and number when used before nouns.
It is more formal and evocative than 'krank', frequently appearing in literature, medical contexts, and news reports.

The German adjective leidend is the present participle form of the verb leiden (to suffer). In linguistic terms, this is known as the Partizip I. While its root verb describes the act of enduring pain, the adjective form leidend functions as a descriptive tool to characterize a person's state, appearance, or expression as one marked by suffering, illness, or distress. It is a word that carries significant emotional weight and is often found in literary, medical, or deeply empathetic contexts.

Physical State: When used to describe a person's health, it suggests a chronic or visible state of being unwell. It is more poetic and evocative than simply saying someone is 'krank' (sick).

Nach der langen Krankheit sah er sehr leidend aus.

Emotional Expression: It frequently describes facial expressions. A 'leidender Blick' (a suffering look) conveys a deep, internal pain that the observer can clearly perceive.

The word is versatile because it bridges the gap between the physical and the metaphysical. In the 18th-century literary movement 'Sturm und Drang', the figure of the 'leidende Held' (suffering hero) became a central trope, representing the individual crushed by societal norms or unrequited love. In modern German, you might encounter it in a hospital setting where a patient is described as 'leidend', or in a news report describing the 'leidende Bevölkerung' (suffering population) in a war zone. It implies a duration of pain; it is not a momentary flash but a sustained condition.

Die leidende Miene des Künstlers verriet seinen inneren Konflikt.

Passive Enduring: Unlike 'schmerzvoll' (painful), which describes the pain itself, 'leidend' describes the subject receiving or carrying that pain. It is a passive yet intense state of being.

Using leidend correctly requires an understanding of its position in the sentence. It can be used attributively (before a noun) or predicatively (after a verb like 'sein' or 'aussehen'). Because it is a Partizip I, it always ends in '-end' before any additional adjective endings are applied.

Attributive Use: When placed before a noun, it modifies the noun directly. 'Der leidende Patient' (The suffering patient). Here, it must agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun.

Wir müssen der leidenden Kreatur helfen.

Predicative Use: When used with 'sein' (to be) or 'aussehen' (to look), it remains in its basic form 'leidend'. 'Sie ist leidend' (She is ailing/suffering).

Er wirkte den ganzen Abend sehr leidend.

Furthermore, leidend can be modified by adverbs to specify the degree or nature of the suffering. Phrases like 'schwer leidend' (severely suffering) or 'still leidend' (suffering quietly) are common in formal writing and literature. It is important to distinguish this from the verb 'leiden an' (suffering from a disease). While 'Er leidet an Grippe' is the verb usage, 'Der an Grippe leidende Mann' uses the adjective form within a participial phrase.

Ein leidendes Lächeln huschte über sein Gesicht.

While leidend is not a word you would use to describe a minor headache in a casual conversation at a bar, it is omnipresent in specific domains of German life and culture. Understanding these contexts helps you grasp the 'soul' of the word.

Classical Literature & Music: German culture has a long tradition of exploring 'Weltschmerz' (world-weariness). You will hear this word in discussions about Schubert's Lieder or Goethe's novels, where the protagonist is often in a 'leidend' state.

Die Romantik ist voll von leidenden Seelen.

Medical and Care Contexts: In nursing or palliative care, 'leidend' is used with respect and gravity to describe the condition of patients. It acknowledges the person's struggle beyond just a clinical diagnosis.

In everyday speech, if a friend says, 'Du siehst aber leidend aus,' they are expressing concern. They are noticing that you look pale, tired, or pained. It is a prompt for you to explain what is wrong. It is more empathetic than asking 'Bist du krank?' because it focuses on the visible manifestation of your discomfort. You might also hear it in the phrase 'leidende Miene' when someone is putting on a 'martyr-like' face, perhaps slightly ironically if they are over-dramatizing a small problem.

Hör auf, so leidend zu schauen, es ist nur ein kleiner Schnitt!

English speakers often stumble when using leidend because of its proximity to other words derived from 'Leid' (sorrow/suffering). Avoiding these pitfalls is key to reaching a B2/C1 level of fluency.

Confusing with 'leidig': 'Leidig' means 'tiresome' or 'disagreeable' (e.g., 'ein leidiges Thema' - a tiresome topic). It does NOT mean suffering. Using 'leidig' for a person suggests they are annoying, not that they are in pain.

Falsch: Er ist ein leidiger Patient. (He is an annoying patient.)
Richtig: Er ist ein leidender Patient. (He is a suffering patient.)

Confusing with 'leidlich': 'Leidlich' means 'tolerable' or 'mediocre'. If you say your health is 'leidlich', you mean it's 'okay-ish'. If you say you are 'leidend', you are actually in pain.

Another mistake is using 'leidend' when you mean 'mitleidend' (sympathetic/commiserating). If you feel sorry for someone, you are 'mitfühlend' or 'mitleidig'. If you are 'leidend', you are the one who needs the sympathy. Also, be careful with the word 'leider' (unfortunately). While related etymologically, 'leider' is an adverb and has nothing to do with the physical or emotional state of 'leidend'.

Sie blickte ihn mitleidig (sympathetically) an, weil er so leidend (suffering) aussah.

To enrich your German, you should know when to use leidend and when a synonym might be more precise. German is a language of nuances, especially regarding emotions and states of being.

Schmerzerfüllt vs. Leidend: 'Schmerzerfüllt' (filled with pain) is more intense and usually refers to a specific, acute moment of agony. 'Leidend' implies a more prolonged, perhaps quieter state.

Kränklich vs. Leidend: 'Kränklich' means sickly or frail in a general sense. 'Leidend' suggests that the illness is causing active distress or is visible in the person's current demeanor.

Das gequälte (tortured/agonized) Tier wurde vom Tierarzt erlöst.

In formal or poetic registers, you might use 'marode' (ailing/decrepit), though this is often applied to structures or systems. For people, 'hinfällig' (decrepit/frail) is a strong alternative for the elderly. If the suffering is mental, 'betrübt' (saddened) or 'gebrochen' (broken) might be more appropriate depending on the cause. Choosing the right word demonstrates your grasp of the emotional landscape of the German language.

Anstatt leidend zu sagen, könnte man auch elend (miserable) verwenden, wenn der Zustand extrem ist.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The word 'leiden' is actually related to the English word 'loathe', though their meanings have diverged significantly over time. 'Leidend' specifically captures the 'passing through' aspect of suffering.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˈlaɪ̯dn̩t/

US /ˈlaɪ̯dənt/

Stress is on the first syllable: LEI-dend.

هم‌قافیه با

meidend scheidend neidend weidend kleidend schneidend beidend bereidend

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing the final 'd' as a soft 'd' instead of a hard 't'.
Confusing the 'ei' sound with 'ie' (leedend).
Over-emphasizing the middle 'e', which should be nearly silent.
Mistaking it for the English word 'leading' due to phonetic similarity.
Forgetting the 'd' sound entirely in the middle.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know the verb 'leiden'.

نوشتن 4/5

Declension of Partizip I adjectives can be tricky for B1/B2 learners.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Requires correct emotional tone and context.

گوش دادن 3/5

Clearly pronounced, but can be confused with 'leider'.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

leiden krank der Schmerz sehen aussehen

بعداً یاد بگیرید

das Leiden die Leidenschaft leidig leidlich mitleidig

پیشرفته

die Pein das Elend die Agonie die Misere hinfällig

گرامر لازم

Partizip I as Adjective

Das Kind weint -> das weinende Kind / Er leidet -> der leidende Mann.

Adjective Declension

Ein leidender Hund (mask. nom.), eine leidende Frau (fem. nom.).

Predicative Adjectives

Sie ist leidend (no ending after 'sein').

Extended Participle Phrases

Der [an einer Grippe] leidende Mann.

Adverbs modifying Adjectives

Er ist [schwer] leidend.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Der Hund ist leidend.

The dog is suffering.

Simple predicative use.

Sie sieht leidend aus.

She looks like she is suffering.

Used with 'aussehen'.

Ein leidendes Kind weint.

A suffering child is crying.

Attributive use, nominative.

Er ist sehr leidend heute.

He is very much suffering today.

Adverb 'sehr' modifies 'leidend'.

Das leidende Kätzchen schläft.

The suffering kitten is sleeping.

Neuter noun agreement.

Ist der Mann leidend?

Is the man suffering?

Interrogative sentence.

Ich sehe ein leidendes Gesicht.

I see a suffering face.

Accusative neuter.

Die Frau ist nicht leidend.

The woman is not suffering.

Negation with 'nicht'.

Der kranke Opa wirkt heute sehr leidend.

The sick grandpa seems very ailing today.

Verb 'wirken' (to seem).

Wir helfen dem leidenden Tier.

We are helping the suffering animal.

Dative case after 'helfen'.

Ihre leidende Stimme am Telefon machte mir Sorgen.

Her suffering voice on the phone worried me.

Possessive pronoun + adjective.

Warum schaust du so leidend?

Why are you looking so pained?

Adverbial use of 'leidend'.

Die leidenden Menschen brauchen Brot.

The suffering people need bread.

Plural nominative.

Trotz der Medizin blieb er leidend.

Despite the medicine, he remained suffering.

Genitive preposition 'trotz'.

Ein leidender Blick sagt mehr als Worte.

A suffering look says more than words.

Masculine nominative.

Sie erzählte von ihrer leidenden Mutter.

She told of her suffering mother.

Dative feminine after 'von'.

Die leidende Zivilbevölkerung flieht aus dem Kriegsgebiet.

The suffering civilian population is fleeing the war zone.

Complex noun phrase.

Er hat einen leidenden Ausdruck in seinen Augen.

He has a suffering expression in his eyes.

Accusative masculine.

Nach dem Unfall war er lange Zeit leidend.

After the accident, he was ailing for a long time.

Temporal phrase 'lange Zeit'.

Die Krankenschwester kümmert sich um die leidenden Patienten.

The nurse takes care of the suffering patients.

Preposition 'um' + accusative plural.

Es ist schwer, ein leidendes Kind zu sehen.

It is hard to see a suffering child.

Infinitive clause with 'zu'.

Sein leidendes Aussehen verriet seine Krankheit.

His suffering appearance betrayed his illness.

Subject of the sentence.

Sie ist an Seele und Körper leidend.

She is suffering in soul and body.

Fixed expression 'an Seele und Körper'.

Der leidende Künstler malte nur dunkle Bilder.

The suffering artist only painted dark pictures.

Attributive adjective.

Der unter chronischen Schmerzen leidende Patient bat um Hilfe.

The patient, suffering from chronic pain, asked for help.

Extended participial attribute.

Sie trug ihre Schmerzen mit einer leidenden Geduld.

She bore her pains with a suffering patience.

Abstract noun modification.

Sein leidendes Gesicht war gezeichnet von den Strapazen.

His suffering face was marked by the hardships.

Passive construction 'gezeichnet von'.

Die leidende Miene des Verlierers war deutlich zu sehen.

The suffering countenance of the loser was clearly visible.

Genitive attribute 'des Verlierers'.

In der leidenden Kreatur erkannte er sich selbst wieder.

In the suffering creature, he recognized himself.

Reflexive verb 'sich wiedererkennen'.

Das leidende Volk hofft auf eine baldige Besserung der Lage.

The suffering people hope for a speedy improvement of the situation.

Verb 'hoffen auf' + accusative.

Er sprach mit einer leidenden, fast flüsternden Stimme.

He spoke with a suffering, almost whispering voice.

Double adjectives.

Trotz seines leidenden Zustands wollte er die Arbeit beenden.

Despite his suffering condition, he wanted to finish the work.

Genitive after 'trotz'.

Die Darstellung des leidenden Christus ist ein zentrales Motiv der Kunst.

The depiction of the suffering Christ is a central motif in art.

Religious/Historical context.

In Kafkas Werken begegnen wir oft leidenden Protagonisten.

In Kafka's works, we often encounter suffering protagonists.

Literary analysis context.

Die leidende Natur mahnt uns zum Umweltschutz.

Suffering nature warns us to protect the environment.

Metaphorical use.

Er beobachtete das leidende Treiben in den Straßen der Elendsviertel.

He observed the suffering activity in the streets of the slums.

Complex noun 'Treiben'.

Ihre leidende Haltung gegenüber dem Leben war schwer zu ertragen.

Her suffering attitude towards life was hard to bear.

Abstract concept 'Haltung'.

Die leidenden Töne der Violine rührten das Publikum zu Tränen.

The suffering tones of the violin moved the audience to tears.

Auditory metaphor.

Es bedarf einer leidenden Seele, um diese Poesie zu verstehen.

It requires a suffering soul to understand this poetry.

Formal 'Es bedarf' + genitive.

Die leidende Wirtschaft des Landes benötigt dringend Reformen.

The country's suffering economy urgently needs reforms.

Economic context.

Die Ontologie des leidenden Subjekts steht im Zentrum seiner Philosophie.

The ontology of the suffering subject is at the center of his philosophy.

Highly academic terminology.

In der leidenden Stille des Raumes war nur sein Atem zu hören.

In the suffering silence of the room, only his breath was audible.

Poetic personification of silence.

Das leidende Pathos seiner Rede wirkte auf manche übertrieben.

The suffering pathos of his speech seemed exaggerated to some.

Rhetorical analysis.

Sie stilisierte sich selbst zur leidenden Märtyrerin ihrer Überzeugungen.

She stylized herself as a suffering martyr of her convictions.

Complex reflexive construction.

Die leidende Physis des Greises spiegelte ein Jahrhundert der Entbehrung wider.

The old man's suffering physique reflected a century of deprivation.

Elevated vocabulary 'Physis', 'Greis'.

Jenseits der leidenden Oberfläche verbarg sich ein unbeugsamer Wille.

Beyond the suffering surface, an indomitable will was hidden.

Metaphorical depth.

Die leidende Harmonik des Spätwerks erinnert an Mahler.

The suffering harmonics of the late work are reminiscent of Mahler.

Musicological context.

Er analysierte das leidende Bewusstsein als Resultat gesellschaftlicher Entfremdung.

He analyzed the suffering consciousness as a result of social alienation.

Sociological/Psychological context.

ترکیب‌های رایج

leidender Ausdruck

schwer leidend

leidende Miene

leidende Bevölkerung

leidende Kreatur

leidender Blick

chronisch leidend

leidende Seele

still leidend

sichtbar leidend

عبارات رایج

leidend sein

— To be in a state of suffering or ill health.

Seit Wochen ist er nun schon leidend.

leidend aussehen

— To look pained or ailing.

Du siehst heute wirklich leidend aus, leg dich hin.

die leidende Rolle einnehmen

— To play the part of the victim or the one who suffers.

Er nimmt immer die leidende Rolle ein, um Mitleid zu bekommen.

an Seele und Körper leidend

— Suffering both mentally and physically.

Sie kehrte an Seele und Körper leidend aus dem Krieg zurück.

ein leidendes Ende nehmen

— To end in a way marked by suffering.

Die Affäre nahm ein leidendes Ende.

leidend wirken

— To appear or seem to be suffering.

Der Schauspieler wirkte in dieser Szene sehr leidend.

einen leidenden Ton anschlagen

— To speak in a pained or complaining voice.

Sie schlug sofort einen leidenden Ton an.

die leidende Gerechtigkeit

— A poetic way to describe justice that is being suppressed.

Er kämpft für die leidende Gerechtigkeit.

leidend werden

— To fall into a state of suffering.

Durch den Verlust wurde er zusehends leidend.

leidend machen

— To cause someone to suffer (less common than 'quälen').

Diese Ungewissheit macht mich leidend.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

leidend vs leidig

Means 'tiresome' or 'annoying'. An 'ein leidiges Thema' is a topic you are sick of hearing about.

leidend vs leidlich

Means 'passable' or 'so-so'. If your German is 'leidlich', it's okay but not great.

leidend vs leider

An adverb meaning 'unfortunately'. It does not describe a state of pain.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Leidtragender sein"

— To be the one who bears the brunt or suffers the consequences.

Die Kinder sind die Leidtragenden der Scheidung.

neutral

"sein Leid klagen"

— To complain about one's troubles to someone.

Er kam zu mir, um sein Leid zu klagen.

neutral

"geteiltes Leid ist halbes Leid"

— A shared sorrow is half a sorrow.

Komm, erzähl es mir; geteiltes Leid ist halbes Leid.

proverb

"ein Herz und eine Seele sein"

— To be inseparable (opposite of suffering alone).

Die beiden sind ein Herz und eine Seele.

informal

"Lehrjahre sind keine Herrenjahre"

— Apprenticeship involves suffering/hard work.

Du musst da durch; Lehrjahre sind keine Herrenjahre.

proverb

"jemandem sein Leid klagen"

— To pour out one's heart to someone.

Sie klagte ihrer Freundin ihr ganzes Leid.

neutral

"das Leid der Welt auf den Schultern tragen"

— To feel responsible for all the world's problems.

Er schaut drein, als trüge er das Leid der Welt auf den Schultern.

figurative

"Mitleid schinden"

— To try to get sympathy by acting more suffering than one is.

Hör auf, Mitleid zu schinden!

informal

"vor Neid erblassen"

— To turn pale with envy (rhymes with Leid).

Als sie mein neues Auto sah, erblasste sie vor Neid.

idiomatic

"sich in sein Schicksal fügen"

— To accept one's suffering/fate.

Er fügte sich leidend in sein Schicksal.

formal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

leidend vs mitleidig

Both share the root 'Leid'.

Mitleidig means feeling sorry for someone else (sympathetic). Leidend means you are the one in pain.

Sie sah ihn mitleidig an, weil er so leidend aussah.

leidend vs leidenschaftlich

Both share the root 'Leid'.

Leidenschaftlich means passionate. While passion can cause suffering, the word is usually positive or intense.

Er ist ein leidenschaftlicher Musiker.

leidend vs beleidigt

Phonetically similar start.

Beleidigt means 'offended' or 'insulted'. It has nothing to do with physical illness.

Er ist beleidigt, weil ich ihn nicht eingeladen habe.

leidend vs leidtragend

Very similar meaning.

Leidtragend is usually a noun (der Leidtragende) and refers to the person who suffers the consequences of an event.

Die Kinder sind die Leidtragenden des Streits.

leidend vs schmerzhaft

Related to pain.

Schmerzhaft describes the thing that causes pain (a wound), while leidend describes the person feeling it.

Die Wunde ist schmerzhaft, und der Patient ist leidend.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Nomen] ist leidend.

Der Opa ist leidend.

[Nomen] sieht leidend aus.

Du siehst leidend aus.

Ein(e) leidende(r/s) [Nomen] ...

Ein leidender Hund lag auf der Straße.

Wegen [Genitiv] war er leidend.

Wegen der Hitze war er leidend.

Der unter [Dativ] leidende [Nomen] ...

Der unter Hunger leidende Junge weinte.

Mit [Dativ] leidendem Ausdruck ...

Mit leidendem Ausdruck verließ er den Raum.

Die [Adjektiv] leidende [Nomen] ...

Die chronisch leidende Patientin wurde entlassen.

Es ist das Schicksal des leidenden [Genitiv] ...

Es ist das Schicksal des leidenden Dichters.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

das Leid

das Leiden

die Leidenschaft

der Leidtragende

das Mitleid

فعل‌ها

leiden

erleiden

mitleiden

verleiden

ausleiden

صفت‌ها

leidend

leidig

leidlich

leidenschaftlich

mitleidig

مرتبط

Schmerz

Qual

Kummer

Sorge

Krankheit

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in written German, moderately common in empathetic spoken German.

اشتباهات رایج

Er ist ein leidiger Patient. → Er ist ein leidender Patient.
'Leidig' means annoying or tiresome. You are calling the patient a nuisance instead of saying they are in pain.
Ich bin leider. → Ich bin leidend.
'Leider' means 'unfortunately'. You cannot 'be unfortunately'.
Das leidend Kind. → Das leidende Kind.
As an attributive adjective, it needs the correct ending (in this case, '-e' for neuter nominative with a definite article).
Er leidet leidend. → Er sieht leidend aus.
Using the verb and adjective together is redundant and awkward.
Sie ist mitleidend. → Sie ist mitleidig / mitfühlend.
'Mitleidend' is rare; usually, you use 'mitleidig' to mean sympathetic.

نکات

Participle I

Remember that 'leidend' is formed by adding '-d' to the infinitive 'leiden'. This is a common pattern in German for making adjectives from verbs.

Avoid Confusion

Never use 'leidig' when you mean 'leidend'. 'Leidig' means something is a nuisance, while 'leidend' means someone is in pain.

Literary Flair

Use 'leidend' in your creative writing to give characters more depth and to evoke empathy in your readers.

Empathy

Use the phrase 'Du siehst leidend aus' carefully. It's a very strong observation of someone's pain.

Context Clues

If you hear 'leidend' in a news report, look for words like 'Krieg', 'Hunger', or 'Krise' nearby.

B2 Exam

In the B2 speaking exam, using 'leidend' to describe a picture of a sick person will earn you higher marks than just using 'krank'.

The Journey

Think of the old meaning 'to go'. Suffering is like a journey you have to pass through. This helps you remember 'leidend'.

Ailing

Link 'leidend' to 'ailing' in English. Both are high-level adjectives for being unwell.

Visibility

Only use 'leidend' if the suffering is visible. If someone is suffering in secret and looks happy, they are 'leiden' (verb) but not necessarily 'leidend' (adjective).

Common Error

Don't forget the 'd' in the middle. It's not 'leiend', it's 'lei-dend'.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'leidend' as 'lying down' because you are so sick. The 'lei' sounds like 'lie'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person in a hospital bed with a very pale face and a sad expression. That look is 'leidend'.

شبکه واژگان

leiden Leid Mitleid leidend leider leidlich Leidenschaft Leidensweg

چالش

Try to use 'leidend' in a sentence describing a character from a movie you recently watched. Make sure to decline it correctly!

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Old High German 'līdan', which meant 'to go' or 'to pass through'. Over centuries, the meaning shifted from physical movement to 'enduring' or 'suffering'.

معنای اصلی: To go, to travel, to pass through (a journey).

Germanic (Indo-European).

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful using 'leidend' ironically; because of its historical weight, it can come across as mocking someone's genuine pain.

English speakers might use 'suffering' or 'ailing', but 'leidend' is often more frequently applied to facial expressions than 'suffering' is in English.

Goethe's 'Die Leiden des jungen Werthers' (The Sorrows of Young Werther) Schubert's 'Winterreise' (Winter Journey) song cycle Kathe Kollwitz's sculptures of suffering mothers

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Hospitals/Care

ein leidender Patient
schwer leidend
leidende Angehörige
Hilfe für Leidende

Literature/Art

der leidende Held
ein leidender Ausdruck
leidende Töne
die Ästhetik des Leidens

News/Politics

die leidende Bevölkerung
ein leidendes Land
leidende Kinder in Not
das Leid lindern

Daily Empathy

Du siehst leidend aus.
Warum so leidend?
ein leidendes Gesicht machen
immer leidend wirken

Religion

der leidende Heiland
ein leidendes Herz
Gott der Leidenden
Leid und Erlösung

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Du siehst heute etwas leidend aus, hast du schlecht geschlafen?"

"Findest du, dass die Hauptfigur in diesem Film zu leidend dargestellt wurde?"

"Was tust du normalerweise, wenn du dich so richtig leidend fühlst?"

"Glaubst du, dass Künstler leidend sein müssen, um gute Werke zu schaffen?"

"Wie kann man einer leidenden Person am besten Trost spenden?"

موضوعات نگارش

Beschreibe eine Situation, in der du dich leidend gefühlt hast. Was hat dir geholfen?

Warum wird 'leidend' oft als etwas Edles in der Literatur dargestellt?

Reflektiere über den Unterschied zwischen 'krank sein' und 'leidend aussehen'.

Schreibe eine kurze Geschichte über eine leidende Kreatur, die gerettet wird.

Wie gehen verschiedene Kulturen mit dem Bild eines leidenden Menschen um?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, 'leidend' is frequently used for emotional or mental distress. A 'leidende Seele' (suffering soul) is a common literary trope. It implies that the mental pain is so deep it manifests in the person's behavior or appearance.

'Krank' is a factual, medical description (e.g., having a virus). 'Leidend' is more descriptive of the experience and appearance of being in pain or distress. You can be 'krank' without looking 'leidend' (e.g., an asymptomatic infection).

It follows standard adjective declension. For example, in nominative: 'der leidende Mann', 'die leidende Frau', 'das leidende Kind', 'die leidenden Leute'. In accusative masculine, it becomes 'den leidenden Mann'.

It is less common than 'krank' but very common when expressing empathy. If you see someone who looks really bad, you say 'Du siehst leidend aus.' It's also everywhere in news and books.

Usually, only for living beings (humans and animals). However, metaphorically, you can use it for things like 'die leidende Wirtschaft' (the suffering economy) or 'die leidende Natur'.

Yes, both come from the noun 'Leid' (sorrow/pain). 'Tut mir leid' literally means 'It does pain to me' (It causes me sorrow). 'Leidend' is the state of being in that pain.

The most direct opposite is 'gesund' (healthy) or 'munter' (lively). If you want to describe someone who is totally free of pain, 'beschwerdefrei' is a good word.

It's more common to use the verb: 'Ich leide an Krebs.' However, you can use the adjective in a phrase like 'Er ist ein an Krebs leidender Patient.' (He is a patient suffering from cancer).

Yes, 'Mir geht es schlecht' is the standard informal way to say you're not well. 'Leidend' is a more sophisticated, descriptive adjective often found in formal writing.

No, it can also mean 'ailing' in a general sense of being weak, tired, or emotionally drained. It's about the visible state of not being okay.

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