صفتهای اولیه: بزرگ، کوچک، خوب، بد
big, small, good, bad رو قبل از اسم بیاری تا جزئیات سریع اضافه کنی.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'big', 'small', 'good', and 'bad' before a noun to describe its size or quality instantly.
- Place the adjective before the noun: 'a big house' (not 'a house big').
- Use 'is' or 'are' to link them: 'The cat is small.'
- These words never change for plural nouns: 'big dogs', not 'bigs dogs'.
مرور کلی
good (خوب) بود یا bad (بد)؟ آیا یک فیلم پرفروش big (بزرگ) بود یا یک فیلم مستقل small (کوچک)؟Big، small، good و bad از اولین و مفیدترین صفاتی هستند که در زبان انگلیسی یاد میگیرید.good (خوب) است؟ آیا آپارتمان شما small (کوچک) است؟big (بزرگ) است؟ آیا ترافیک bad (بد) است؟ این کلمات به سوالات اساسی پاسخ میدهند و احساسات را به اشتراک میگذارند.این گرامر چطور کار میکنه
- 1قبل از اسم: صفت مستقیماً قبل از چیزی که توصیف میکند قرار میگیرد.
a big dog(یک سگ بزرگ)a good idea(یک ایده خوب)a small car(یک ماشین کوچک)a bad day(یک روز بد)
a dog big عجیب به نظر میرسد. ترتیب صحیح همیشه a big dog است.- 1بعد از فعل
to be: وقتی با استفاده ازis،amیاareدر مورد چیزی واقعیتی را بیان میکنید، صفت بعد از فعل میآید.
- The dog is
big. (سگ بزرگ است.) - The idea is
good. (ایده خوب است.) - My car is
small. (ماشین من کوچک است.) - The traffic is
bad. (ترافیک بد است.)
big (بزرگ) است. ساده است، نه؟ این بسیار کم استرستر از تلاش برای تصمیمگیری در مورد اینکه چه چیزی را در نتفلیکس تماشا کنید، است.جنسیت و تطابق
- a
bigboy (یک پسر بزرگ) - a
biggirl (یک دختر بزرگ) bigboys (پسران بزرگ)biggirls (دختران بزرگ)
Big هرگز تغییر نمیکند. هیچ -s در پایان برای جمع وجود ندارد. هیچ چیز. این را با فرانسوی یا اسپانیایی مقایسه کنید، و خواهید دید که چرا زبان آموزان انگلیسی در اینجا شانس میآورند. این یک چیز کمتر برای نگرانی است، مانند زمانی که غذای سفارشی شما دقیقاً به موقع میرسد.جدول صرف
| فرم | مثال | ترجمه |
|---|---|---|
| --- | --- | --- |
big (اسم مفرد) |
I see a big cat. |
من یک گربه بزرگ میبینم. |
big (اسم جمع) |
I see big cats. |
من گربههای بزرگ میبینم. |
small (اسم مفرد) |
She has a small problem. |
او یک مشکل کوچک دارد. |
small (اسم جمع) |
She has small problems. |
او مشکلات کوچکی دارد. |
good (اسم مفرد) |
That is a good book. |
آن یک کتاب خوب است. |
good (اسم جمع) |
Those are good books. |
آنها کتابهای خوبی هستند. |
bad (اسم مفرد) |
He had a bad day. |
او روز بدی داشت. |
bad (اسم جمع) |
He had some bad days. |
او چند روز بد داشت. |
ترکیبات رایج
- Big:
bigcity,bigmistake,bigsurprise,bigdeal,bigbrother - Small:
smalltalk,smallworld,smallportion - Good:
goodmorning,goodjob,goodidea,goodluck,goodnews - Bad:
badday,badhabit,badmood,badnews,badtrip
small talk (گپ کوتاه) میزنید. شما با گفتن good job (کارت خوب بود) به دوستی تبریک میگویید. شما یک رویداد مهم زندگی را big deal (چیز مهم) مینامید. یادگیری این جفتها مانند گرفتن یک کد تقلب برای طبیعی به نظر رسیدن است.
الگوی ساخت
a، an یا the) شروع کنید.
big, small, good, bad) را اضافه کنید.
a + good + book = a good book.
the + big + dog = the big dog.
to be (is, are, am) را اضافه کنید.
The house + is + small. = The house is small.
The tacos + are + good. = The tacos are good.
اشتباهات رایج
- 1جایگاه اشتباه: قرار دادن صفت بعد از اسم.
- ✗ A car
small. - ✓ A
smallcar.
- 1اضافه کردن
-sبرای جمع: به یاد داشته باشید، صفات هرگز تغییر نمیکنند.
- ✗ The dogs are
bigs. - ✓ The dogs are
big.
- 1استفاده از
Goodدر مقابلWell: این یکی کمی گول زننده است.Goodیک صفت است؛ یک اسم را توصیف میکند.Wellیک قید است؛ یک فعل را توصیف میکند. اما مردم اغلب در مکالمه آنها را با هم اشتباه میگیرند!
- ✗ I speak English
good. - ✓ I speak English
well. (*چگونه* صحبت کردن شما را توصیف میکند) - ✓ My English is
good. (انگلیسی شما را توصیف میکند)
سؤالات رایج
big, bad dog». ما قوانین ترتیب صفات را بعداً پوشش خواهیم داد، اما در حال حاضر، فقط بدانید که این امکان وجود دارد.big، small، good، bad متضاد دارند؟big، small است. متضاد good، bad است. آنها در جفتهای زیبا و مرتبی قرار دارند.Good, thanks. You?» است.bad میتواند به معنای good باشد؟ مانند زبان عامیانه؟bad برای معنای منفی استفاده کنید. شما نمیخواهید به طور تصادفی به معلم خود بگویید که کلاس او bad است!Adjective Placement and Agreement
| Type | Singular Noun | Plural Noun | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Before Noun
|
A big house
|
Big houses
|
No 's' on 'big'
|
|
After Verb
|
The car is small
|
The cars are small
|
Adjective stays same
|
|
Negative
|
It is not good
|
They are not good
|
Use 'not' after verb
|
|
Question
|
Is it bad?
|
Are they bad?
|
Verb comes first
|
Common Contractions with Adjectives
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
It is big
|
It's big
|
It's a big dog.
|
|
They are good
|
They're good
|
They're good people.
|
|
It is not small
|
It isn't small
|
It isn't a small room.
|
|
That is bad
|
That's bad
|
That's a bad idea.
|
Meanings
These four words are the foundational building blocks for describing the physical size and the inherent value or quality of objects, people, and ideas.
Physical Size
Using 'big' and 'small' to describe the dimensions or scale of an object.
“The elephant is big.”
“The mouse is small.”
Quality/Value
Using 'good' and 'bad' to express approval, satisfaction, or the lack thereof.
“This pizza is good.”
“That was a bad movie.”
Importance/Severity
Using 'big' to mean important or 'bad' to mean serious.
“This is a big mistake.”
“I have bad news.”
Reference Table
| صفت | معنی | مثال (صفت + اسم) | مثال (با 'is') |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Big
|
بزرگ از نظر اندازه
|
a big house
|
ماشین بزرگه. "The car is big."
|
|
Small
|
کوچک از نظر اندازه
|
a small cat
|
گوشی کوچیکه. "The phone is small."
|
|
Good
|
دلپذیر، با کیفیت بالا
|
good coffee
|
این ایده خوبه. "This idea is good."
|
|
Bad
|
ناخوشایند، با کیفیت پایین
|
bad weather
|
فیلم بد بود. "The movie was bad."
|
|
Big
|
مهم/جدی
|
a big problem
|
خبر مهمه. "The news is big."
|
|
Small
|
کماهمیت
|
a small detail
|
مسئله کوچیکیه. "It's a small issue."
|
طیف رسمیت
The quality is exceptional. (Reviewing a product)
It is very good. (Reviewing a product)
It's great! (Reviewing a product)
It's fire! (Reviewing a product)
صفتهای اولیه: جعبه ابزار توصیفی شما
اندازه
- big بزرگ از نظر اندازه
- small کوچک از نظر اندازه
کیفیت
- good مثبت، دلپذیر
- bad منفی، ناخوشایند
قانون
- Placement قبل از اسم
- Form هرگز تغییر نمیکند (جمع ندارد)
جایگاه صفت: انگلیسی در مقابل (اشتباه رایج)
استفاده از صفتهای اولیه شما: یک راهنمای سریع
آیا میخواهید یک اسم (فرد، مکان، شیء، ایده) را توصیف کنید؟
آیا یک اسم مفرد قابل شمارش است (مثل 'car', 'apple')؟
آیا صفت را قبل از اسم قرار میدهید؟
چه زمانی از صفتهای اولیه خود استفاده کنیم
اندازه فیزیکی
- • a big building
- • a small room
- • big hands
- • small feet
کیفیت/نظر
- • good food
- • bad movie
- • a good idea
- • bad weather
اهمیت
- • a big problem
- • a small detail
- • big news
- • small talk
احساسات/تجربیات
- • a good day
- • a bad mood
- • feel good
- • feel bad
مثالها بر اساس سطح
The cat is big.
The cat is big.
It is a small car.
It is a small car.
The coffee is good.
The coffee is good.
This is a bad day.
This is a bad day.
A big apple.
A big apple.
The shoes are too small.
The shoes are too small.
Is the movie good?
Is the movie good?
He is a very good student.
He is a very good student.
The weather is not bad today.
The weather is not bad today.
They have two big dogs.
They have two big dogs.
It was a big mistake to leave early.
It was a big mistake to leave early.
The good thing is that we are safe.
The good thing is that we are safe.
I had a bad experience at that hotel.
I had a bad experience at that hotel.
Small businesses need our support.
Small businesses need our support.
That is a good point.
That is a good point.
The company made a big push into the Asian market.
The company made a big push into the Asian market.
It's not a bad idea, but we need more time.
It's not a bad idea, but we need more time.
He's a good man at heart.
He's a good man at heart.
The small details make the difference.
The small details make the difference.
We are facing a big challenge.
We are facing a big challenge.
The sheer scale of the project was too big to comprehend.
The sheer scale of the project was too big to comprehend.
There is a bad smell coming from the basement.
There is a bad smell coming from the basement.
He has a good command of the English language.
He has a good command of the English language.
The small print in the contract is crucial.
The small print in the contract is crucial.
It's a big ask, but can you help me?
It's a big ask, but can you help me?
The inherent goodness of humanity is a central theme.
The inherent goodness of humanity is a central theme.
The 'Big Four' accounting firms dominate the industry.
The 'Big Four' accounting firms dominate the industry.
He was caught in a bad way after the accident.
He was caught in a bad way after the accident.
The small-mindedness of the committee was frustrating.
The small-mindedness of the committee was frustrating.
It's a big world out there, full of opportunities.
It's a big world out there, full of opportunities.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners use 'good' to describe how they do an action.
Learners use 'big' to describe a person's height.
These are very similar and often interchangeable.
Using the adverb form after a linking verb.
اشتباهات رایج
The house big.
The big house.
They are bigs dogs.
They are big dogs.
It a good book.
It is a good book.
A smalls cat.
A small cat.
I am very good.
I am doing well.
The movie was badly.
The movie was bad.
It is a more big car.
It is a bigger car.
The good of the movie...
The goodness of the movie...
He is a big man (meaning tall).
He is a tall man.
A bad-quality product.
A poor-quality product.
الگوهای جملهسازی
The ___ is ___.
I have a ___ ___.
It is not a ___ ___.
Is the ___ ___?
They are ___ ___.
Real World Usage
This shirt is too small.
The food was very good.
He is a good driver.
Big day today! 🎓
I have good communication skills.
Bad weather expected.
I have a bad headache.
Is my bag too big?
ترتیب صفت خیلی مهمه!
a big houseصفتها تغییر نمیکنن!
two big dogsبا دنیای خودت ارتباط برقرار کن
My phone is small.
بازخورد مودبانه
The report was not good.
Smart Tips
Use your hands! English speakers often use gestures while saying 'big' or 'small' to show exactly what they mean.
Use 'okay' or 'not bad'. It's a safe middle ground.
Check your adjective for an 's'. If you see one, delete it!
Remember that 'big' can describe events, not just objects.
تلفظ
Big
Short 'i' sound like 'sit'. Do not say 'beeg'.
Good
The 'oo' is short, like in 'foot'. Not long like 'food'.
Bad
The 'a' is wide, like in 'cat'.
Small
The 'a' sounds like 'aw' in 'law'. The 'l' is a 'dark l'.
Emphasis
It is a BIG dog.
Stressing the adjective adds extra emotion or surprise.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
B.S.G.B. - Big Stars Get Bright! (Big, Small, Good, Bad).
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a giant (Big) holding a tiny mouse (Small) while eating a delicious cake (Good) that has a fly on it (Bad).
Rhyme
Big or small, short or tall. Good or bad, happy or sad.
Story
A big giant lived in a small house. He was a good giant, but he had a bad cold.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around your room. Find 3 things and describe them using these 4 words (e.g., 'Big bed', 'Small lamp', 'Good chair').
نکات فرهنگی
Americans often use 'good' to mean 'doing well' when asked 'How are you?'.
British speakers might use 'not bad' as a high compliment, meaning 'actually quite good'.
In international business, 'bad' is often replaced with 'challenging' to sound more professional.
Most of these words come from Old English or Old Norse, reflecting the Germanic roots of English.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
Is your city big or small?
What is a good movie?
Is the weather bad today?
Do you have a big family?
Tell me about a bad habit you have.
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
She has a ___ cat.
Find and fix the mistake:
The movie was a good.
Translate into English: 'Ella tiene una idea pequeña.'
Answer starts with: ["S...
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesWhich one is correct?
The apples ___ good.
Find and fix the mistake:
They are smalls cats.
good / is / coffee / The
Big
A: Is the movie good? B: No, it is ___.
Pick the quality word.
Un perro grande.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesMy phone screen is very ___.
I like cat small.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Tenemos un día malo.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the items:
Don't make a ___ decision.
She drives a car big.
Which of these sentences is grammatically correct?
Translate into English: 'Nos gusta la música buena.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the adjectives with their opposites:
Score: /12
سوالات متداول (8)
Yes! You can use `very` before any of these adjectives to make them stronger, like `very good` or `very small`.
They are mostly the same. `Big` is more common in daily speech, while `large` is a bit more formal.
Usually, yes. However, in some very old slang, it could mean 'cool', but you should always use it as a negative word at the A0 level.
You say `a good` because 'good' starts with a consonant sound. You only use `an` if the next word starts with a vowel sound.
Yes, but be careful. `A big man` usually means he is wide or strong. If you mean he is tall, use the word `tall`.
In modern English, especially in the US, `I am good` is the standard response to 'How are you?'. `I am well` is more formal.
Yes! Just remember the adjective doesn't change. `Big dogs`, `small cats`, `good books`.
Yes, they are very similar. `Small` is more about the actual size, while `little` can sound more cute or emotional.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
grande, pequeño, bueno, malo
Word order is reversed and English has no gender agreement.
grand, petit, bon, mauvais
French requires gender/number agreement.
groß, klein, gut, schlecht
German has complex adjective endings.
大きい (ookii), 小さい (chiisai)
Japanese adjectives conjugate like verbs.
كبير (kabir), صغير (saghir)
Adjective follows noun and matches definiteness.
大 (dà), 小 (xiǎo)
Chinese uses 'hěn' as a structural link.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
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