Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'big', 'small', 'good', and 'bad' before a noun to describe its size or quality instantly.
- Place the adjective before the noun: 'a big house' (not 'a house big').
- Use 'is' or 'are' to link them: 'The cat is small.'
- These words never change for plural nouns: 'big dogs', not 'bigs dogs'.
Overview
good（良い）映画でしたか、それとも bad（悪い）映画でしたか？ big（大きな）大作でしたか、それとも small（小さな）インディーズ映画でしたか？ほらね？あなたはすでにこれらの単語を使っています。big、small、good、badは、英語で学ぶ最初で最も役立つ形容詞の一部です。これらは文に詳細を加える説明的な単語です。これらをマスターすることは、あなたの英語をより自然に聞こえさせるための重要なステップです。good ですか？あなたのアパートは small ですか？犬は big ですか？交通は bad ですか？これらの単語は、基本的な質問に答え、感情を共有します。これらはシンプルで強力で、毎日使うことになります。正しく使う方法、避けるべき一般的な間違い、そして実際の会話でどのように機能するかを見ていきましょう。心配しないでください、あなたが思っているより簡単です。ここには複雑なルールはありません。How This Grammar Works
- 1名詞の前： 形容詞は、それが説明するものの直前に来ます。
a big dog（大きな犬）a good idea（良い考え）a small car（小さな車）a bad day（悪い日）
a dog big と言うのは奇妙に聞こえます。正しい順序は常に a big dog です。- 1
to be動詞の後：is、am、areを使って何かについての事実を述べる場合、形容詞は動詞の後に来ます。
- The dog is
big.（その犬は大きい。） - The idea is
good.（その考えは良い。） - My car is
small.（私の車は小さい。） - The traffic is
bad.（交通は悪い。）
big です。簡単ですよね？Netflixで何を見るか決めるよりもずっとストレスが少ないです。Gender & Agreement
- a
bigboy（大きな男の子） - a
biggirl（大きな女の子） bigboys（大きな男の子たち）biggirls（大きな女の子たち）
big は決して変わりません。複数形のための -s は付きません。何も。これをフランス語やスペイン語と比較すれば、なぜ英語学習者がここで幸運なのかがわかるでしょう。食べ物の配達が時間通りに到着するような、心配事が一つ減ります。Conjugation Table
| Form | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| --- | --- | --- |
big（単数名詞） |
I see a big cat. |
大きな猫が見えます。 |
big（複数名詞） |
I see big cats. |
大きな猫たちが見えます。 |
small（単数名詞） |
She has a small problem. |
彼女は小さな問題を抱えています。 |
small（複数名詞） |
She has small problems. |
彼女は小さな問題を抱えています。 |
good（単数名詞） |
That is a good book. |
それは良い本です。 |
good（複数名詞） |
Those are good books. |
それらは良い本です。 |
bad（単数名詞） |
He had a bad day. |
彼は悪い一日を過ごしました。 |
bad（複数名詞） |
He had some bad days. |
彼はいくつかの悪い日を過ごしました。 |
Common Collocations
- Big:
bigcity,bigmistake,bigsurprise,bigdeal,bigbrother - Small:
smalltalk,smallworld,smallportion - Good:
goodmorning,goodjob,goodidea,goodluck,goodnews - Bad:
badday,badhabit,badmood,badnews,badtrip
small talk（世間話）をします。友達を祝福するときは good job（よくやった）と言います。人生の大きな出来事を big deal（大事）と呼びます。これらのペアを学ぶことは、自然に聞こえるためのチートコードを手に入れるようなものです。
Formation Pattern
a, an, the）で始めます。
big, small, good, bad）を加えます。
a + good + book = a good book.
the + big + dog = the big dog.
to be動詞（is, are, am）の正しい形を加えます。
The house + is + small. = The house is small.
The tacos + are + good. = The tacos are good.
Common Mistakes
- 1間違った位置： 名詞の後に形容詞を置くこと。
- ✗ A car
small. - ✓ A
smallcar.
- 1複数形に
-sを追加する： 覚えておいてください、形容詞は決して変化しません。
- ✗ The dogs are
bigs. - ✓ The dogs are
big.
- 1
Goodvs.Wellの使用： これはトリッキーなものです。Goodは形容詞で、名詞を説明します。Wellは副詞で、動詞を説明します。しかし、人々は会話でしばしばこれらを混同します！
- ✗ I speak English
good. - ✓ I speak English
well. （*どのように*話すかを説明します） - ✓ My English is
good. （あなたの英語を説明します）
Quick FAQ
2つの形容詞を一緒に使えますか？
はい！「a big, bad dog」と言うことができます。形容詞の順序のルールについては後で説明しますが、今のところ、それが可能であることを知っておいてください。
big、small、good、bad には反対語がありますか？
はい！big の反対は small です。good の反対は bad です。それらはきちんとしたペアで提供されます。
返事として単に「Good.」と言っても大丈夫ですか？
全然大丈夫です。誰かが「How are you?」と尋ねた場合、非常に一般的で普通の返事は単に「Good, thanks. You?」です。
bad は good を意味することがありますか？スラングのように？
かっこいいことに気づきましたね！はい、非常に非公式なスラングで、歌が「bad」だと言うのを聞くことがあるかもしれません。それは素晴らしいという意味です。しかし、これは上級者向けで、トーンに依存します。今のところ、bad は否定的なものを意味するためにのみ使用してください。誤って先生にクラスが bad だと言いたくないでしょう。
Adjective Placement and Agreement
| Type | Singular Noun | Plural Noun | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Before Noun
|
A big house
|
Big houses
|
No 's' on 'big'
|
|
After Verb
|
The car is small
|
The cars are small
|
Adjective stays same
|
|
Negative
|
It is not good
|
They are not good
|
Use 'not' after verb
|
|
Question
|
Is it bad?
|
Are they bad?
|
Verb comes first
|
Common Contractions with Adjectives
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
It is big
|
It's big
|
It's a big dog.
|
|
They are good
|
They're good
|
They're good people.
|
|
It is not small
|
It isn't small
|
It isn't a small room.
|
|
That is bad
|
That's bad
|
That's a bad idea.
|
Meanings
These four words are the foundational building blocks for describing the physical size and the inherent value or quality of objects, people, and ideas.
Physical Size
Using 'big' and 'small' to describe the dimensions or scale of an object.
“The elephant is big.”
“The mouse is small.”
Quality/Value
Using 'good' and 'bad' to express approval, satisfaction, or the lack thereof.
“This pizza is good.”
“That was a bad movie.”
Importance/Severity
Using 'big' to mean important or 'bad' to mean serious.
“This is a big mistake.”
“I have bad news.”
Reference Table
| 形容詞 | 意味 | 形容詞 + 名詞 の例 | is を使った例 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Big
|
大きい（サイズ）
|
a big house
|
The car is big.
|
|
Small
|
小さい（サイズ）
|
a small cat
|
The phone is small.
|
|
Good
|
良い、美味しい
|
good coffee
|
This idea is good.
|
|
Bad
|
悪い、質が低い
|
bad weather
|
The movie was bad.
|
|
Big
|
重大な、深刻な
|
a big problem
|
The news is big.
|
|
Small
|
ささいな、重要でない
|
a small detail
|
It's a small issue.
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
The quality is exceptional. (Reviewing a product)
It is very good. (Reviewing a product)
It's great! (Reviewing a product)
It's fire! (Reviewing a product)
はじめての形容詞：表現を広げるツール
サイズ
- big large in size
- small little in size
質・評価
- good positive, pleasant
- bad negative, unpleasant
ルール
- 置く場所 before the noun
- 形 never changes (no plural)
形容詞の位置：英語 vs よくある間違い
はじめての形容詞：クイックガイド
モノ（人、場所、物、アイデア）を説明したいですか？
それは数えられる1つのモノ（car, appleなど）ですか？
形容詞を名詞の前に置いていますか？
形容詞を使うタイミング
物理的な大きさ
- • a big building
- • a small room
- • big hands
- • small feet
質・意見
- • good food
- • bad movie
- • a good idea
- • bad weather
重要性
- • a big problem
- • a small detail
- • big news
- • small talk
感情・経験
- • a good day
- • a bad mood
- • feel good
- • feel bad
レベル別の例文
The cat is big.
The cat is big.
It is a small car.
It is a small car.
The coffee is good.
The coffee is good.
This is a bad day.
This is a bad day.
A big apple.
A big apple.
The shoes are too small.
The shoes are too small.
Is the movie good?
Is the movie good?
He is a very good student.
He is a very good student.
The weather is not bad today.
The weather is not bad today.
They have two big dogs.
They have two big dogs.
It was a big mistake to leave early.
It was a big mistake to leave early.
The good thing is that we are safe.
The good thing is that we are safe.
I had a bad experience at that hotel.
I had a bad experience at that hotel.
Small businesses need our support.
Small businesses need our support.
That is a good point.
That is a good point.
The company made a big push into the Asian market.
The company made a big push into the Asian market.
It's not a bad idea, but we need more time.
It's not a bad idea, but we need more time.
He's a good man at heart.
He's a good man at heart.
The small details make the difference.
The small details make the difference.
We are facing a big challenge.
We are facing a big challenge.
The sheer scale of the project was too big to comprehend.
The sheer scale of the project was too big to comprehend.
There is a bad smell coming from the basement.
There is a bad smell coming from the basement.
He has a good command of the English language.
He has a good command of the English language.
The small print in the contract is crucial.
The small print in the contract is crucial.
It's a big ask, but can you help me?
It's a big ask, but can you help me?
The inherent goodness of humanity is a central theme.
The inherent goodness of humanity is a central theme.
The 'Big Four' accounting firms dominate the industry.
The 'Big Four' accounting firms dominate the industry.
He was caught in a bad way after the accident.
He was caught in a bad way after the accident.
The small-mindedness of the committee was frustrating.
The small-mindedness of the committee was frustrating.
It's a big world out there, full of opportunities.
It's a big world out there, full of opportunities.
間違えやすい
Learners use 'good' to describe how they do an action.
Learners use 'big' to describe a person's height.
These are very similar and often interchangeable.
Using the adverb form after a linking verb.
よくある間違い
The house big.
The big house.
They are bigs dogs.
They are big dogs.
It a good book.
It is a good book.
A smalls cat.
A small cat.
I am very good.
I am doing well.
The movie was badly.
The movie was bad.
It is a more big car.
It is a bigger car.
The good of the movie...
The goodness of the movie...
He is a big man (meaning tall).
He is a tall man.
A bad-quality product.
A poor-quality product.
文型パターン
The ___ is ___.
I have a ___ ___.
It is not a ___ ___.
Is the ___ ___?
They are ___ ___.
Real World Usage
This shirt is too small.
The food was very good.
He is a good driver.
Big day today! 🎓
I have good communication skills.
Bad weather expected.
I have a bad headache.
Is my bag too big?
語順が一番のポイント！
big や small などの言葉を、説明したいモノ（名詞）の「前」に置きます。 big house のように「形容詞 ＋ 名詞」のセットで覚えましょう。 I live in a big house.
形容詞は形を変えない！
bigs とは言わず、そのまま big を使います。 I see two big dogs.
身の回りのもので練習！
small phone や good music など、自分の生活に関連付けると忘れにくくなりますよ。 My phone is small.
丁寧なフィードバック
bad は少し強すぎることもあります。ビジネスや丁寧な場面では not good と言うと角が立ちません。 The report was not good.
Smart Tips
Use your hands! English speakers often use gestures while saying 'big' or 'small' to show exactly what they mean.
Use 'okay' or 'not bad'. It's a safe middle ground.
Check your adjective for an 's'. If you see one, delete it!
Remember that 'big' can describe events, not just objects.
発音
Big
Short 'i' sound like 'sit'. Do not say 'beeg'.
Good
The 'oo' is short, like in 'foot'. Not long like 'food'.
Bad
The 'a' is wide, like in 'cat'.
Small
The 'a' sounds like 'aw' in 'law'. The 'l' is a 'dark l'.
Emphasis
It is a BIG dog.
Stressing the adjective adds extra emotion or surprise.
暗記しよう
記憶術
B.S.G.B. - Big Stars Get Bright! (Big, Small, Good, Bad).
視覚的連想
Imagine a giant (Big) holding a tiny mouse (Small) while eating a delicious cake (Good) that has a fly on it (Bad).
Rhyme
Big or small, short or tall. Good or bad, happy or sad.
Story
A big giant lived in a small house. He was a good giant, but he had a bad cold.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Look around your room. Find 3 things and describe them using these 4 words (e.g., 'Big bed', 'Small lamp', 'Good chair').
文化メモ
Americans often use 'good' to mean 'doing well' when asked 'How are you?'.
British speakers might use 'not bad' as a high compliment, meaning 'actually quite good'.
In international business, 'bad' is often replaced with 'challenging' to sound more professional.
Most of these words come from Old English or Old Norse, reflecting the Germanic roots of English.
会話のきっかけ
Is your city big or small?
What is a good movie?
Is the weather bad today?
Do you have a big family?
Tell me about a bad habit you have.
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
She has a ___ cat.
Find and fix the mistake:
The movie was a good.
「彼女は小さなアイデアを持っています」を英語にしてください。
Answer starts with: ["S...
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /4
練習問題
8 exercisesWhich one is correct?
The apples ___ good.
Find and fix the mistake:
They are smalls cats.
good / is / coffee / The
Big
A: Is the movie good? B: No, it is ___.
Pick the quality word.
Un perro grande.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesMy phone screen is very ___.
I like cat small.
正しい文はどれですか？
「私たちは最悪な一日を過ごしています」を英語にしてください。
単語を並べ替えてください：
ペアを作ってください：
Don't make a ___ decision.
She drives a car big.
正しい文はどれ？
「私たちは良い音楽が好きです」を英語にしてください。
並べ替えてください：
反対語を繋げてください：
Score: /12
よくある質問 (8)
Yes! You can use `very` before any of these adjectives to make them stronger, like `very good` or `very small`.
They are mostly the same. `Big` is more common in daily speech, while `large` is a bit more formal.
Usually, yes. However, in some very old slang, it could mean 'cool', but you should always use it as a negative word at the A0 level.
You say `a good` because 'good' starts with a consonant sound. You only use `an` if the next word starts with a vowel sound.
Yes, but be careful. `A big man` usually means he is wide or strong. If you mean he is tall, use the word `tall`.
In modern English, especially in the US, `I am good` is the standard response to 'How are you?'. `I am well` is more formal.
Yes! Just remember the adjective doesn't change. `Big dogs`, `small cats`, `good books`.
Yes, they are very similar. `Small` is more about the actual size, while `little` can sound more cute or emotional.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
grande, pequeño, bueno, malo
Word order is reversed and English has no gender agreement.
grand, petit, bon, mauvais
French requires gender/number agreement.
groß, klein, gut, schlecht
German has complex adjective endings.
大きい (ookii), 小さい (chiisai)
Japanese adjectives conjugate like verbs.
كبير (kabir), صغير (saghir)
Adjective follows noun and matches definiteness.
大 (dà), 小 (xiǎo)
Chinese uses 'hěn' as a structural link.
