وجود دارد (There is / There are)
There is/are استفاده کن. is برای «یه دونه» و are برای «چند تا».
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'There is' for one thing and 'There are' for two or more to say something exists.
- Use 'There is' (or 'There's') for singular nouns: 'There is a cat.'
- Use 'There are' for plural nouns: 'There are two cats.'
- Swap the order for questions: 'Is there a cat?' or 'Are there cats?'
مرور کلی
there is (وجود دارد) مطلقاً چیزی برای خوردن نیست جز یک شیشه تنهای ترشی؟ ما از این دو عبارت کوتاه، there is و there are برای اشاره به وجود چیزی استفاده میکنیم.there's (وجود دارد) یک حراج بزرگ در Steam است، شما از این قاعده استفاده میکنید.این گرامر چطور کار میکنه
I یا you است. اما اگر فقط بخواهید بگویید چیزی وجود دارد چه؟Is a cat on the table شروع کنید. این کار باعث میشود شبیه رباتی به نظر برسید که باتریاش در حال تمام شدن است. اینجاست که there وارد میشود.there به معنای «آنجا» (مکان) نیست. در عوض، یک «فاعل ساختگی» است. فقط یک جایگزین است که در را باز نگه میدارد تا بقیه جمله بتواند وارد شود.There is a coffee on my desk کلمه coffee ستاره واقعی جمله است. فعل is یا are باید با آن ستاره مطابقت داشته باشد.الگوی ساخت
there (جایگزین ما).
to be (یا is یا are).
جدول صرف
| فرم | مثال | ترجمه |
|---|---|---|
| Positive Singular | There is a cat. |
یک گربه وجود دارد. |
| Positive Plural | There are two cats. |
دو گربه وجود دارد. |
| Negative Singular | There is not (isn't) a cat. |
گربهای وجود ندارد. |
| Negative Plural | There are not (aren't) any cats. |
هیچ گربهای وجود ندارد. |
| Question Singular | Is there a cat? |
آیا گربهای وجود دارد؟ |
| Question Plural | Are there any cats? |
آیا گربهای وجود دارد؟ |
کی استفاده کنیم
- توصیف یک عکس: «
There isیک غروب زیبا در این عکس وجود دارد.» - بررسی موجود بودن: «آیا در حال حاضر اوبر موجود
Is thereاست؟» - گزارش مشکلات: «
There'sیک باگ در آخرین آپدیت وجود دارد.» - برنامهریزی: «
There areسه فیلم امشب در سینما در حال اکران است.»
اشتباهات رایج
It is به جای There is است. این اتفاق میافتد چون بسیاری از زبانها از یک کلمه برای هر دو استفاده میکنند. اگر بگویید It is a fly in my soup دارید میگویید که مگس خودِ سوپ *است*. که چندشآور و اشتباه است. از There is استفاده کنید تا بگویید مگس در آن مکان وجود دارد.مقایسه با الگوهای مشابه
There is در مقابل It is استفاده کنیم؟- از
There isبرای معرفی چیزی برای اولین بار استفاده کنید. «There isیک کافه جدید در خیابان اصلی وجود دارد.» - از
It isبرای دادن جزئیات بیشتر در مورد آن چیز استفاده کنید. «آن (It is) خیلی گران است، اما قهوهاش عالی است.»
سؤالات رایج
There's استفاده کنم؟There are استفاده کنید.Present Simple Existence
| Type | Singular / Uncountable | Plural |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
There is (There's)
|
There are
|
|
Negative
|
There is not (There isn't)
|
There are not (There aren't)
|
|
Question
|
Is there...?
|
Are there...?
|
|
Short Answer (+)
|
Yes, there is.
|
Yes, there are.
|
|
Short Answer (-)
|
No, there isn't.
|
No, there aren't.
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage Note |
|---|---|---|
|
There is
|
There's
|
Very common in speech and informal writing.
|
|
There is not
|
There isn't / There's not
|
Both are common; 'isn't' is more standard.
|
|
There are not
|
There aren't
|
Common in speech.
|
|
There are
|
None
|
Native speakers rarely contract 'There are' in writing.
|
Meanings
A grammatical structure used to introduce new information or state that something exists in a particular place.
Singular Existence
Stating that one person, thing, or place exists.
“There is a new student in our class.”
“There's a fly in my soup!”
Plural Existence
Stating that multiple people, things, or places exist.
“There are many books on the shelf.”
“There are three cars in the garage.”
Uncountable Existence
Stating the existence of things we cannot count (liquids, concepts, etc.).
“There is some water on the floor.”
“There is a lot of traffic today.”
Reference Table
| نوع | مفرد (یه دونه) | جمع (دو تا یا بیشتر) |
|---|---|---|
|
مثبت
|
There is a...
|
There are some...
|
|
منفی
|
There isn't a...
|
There aren't any...
|
|
سوال
|
Is there a...?
|
Are there any...?
|
|
کوتاه شده
|
There's
|
There are (خیلی کم There're)
|
|
جواب کوتاه (+)
|
Yes, there is.
|
Yes, there are.
|
|
جواب کوتاه (-)
|
No, there isn't.
|
No, there aren't.
|
طیف رسمیت
Might I inquire if there is a restroom available? (Travel/Public spaces)
Is there a bathroom here? (Travel/Public spaces)
Is there a toilet? (Travel/Public spaces)
Any loos around? (Travel/Public spaces)
The World of 'There'
Singular
- A book There is a book
Plural
- Two books There are two books
Uncountable
- Some water There is some water
There is vs. It is
Choosing Is or Are
Is the noun singular?
Is the noun plural?
Common Places to use 'There'
In a Room
- • Bed
- • Table
- • Chair
In a City
- • Park
- • Bank
- • Museum
مثالها بر اساس سطح
There is a cat on the sofa.
There is a cat on the sofa.
There are four chairs in the kitchen.
There are four chairs in the kitchen.
Is there a bank near here?
Is there a bank near here?
There are no apples in the bag.
There are no apples in the bag.
There isn't any milk in the fridge.
There isn't any milk in the fridge.
Are there any messages for me?
Are there any messages for me?
There is a lot of noise outside.
There is a lot of noise outside.
There are some people waiting for you.
There are some people waiting for you.
There was a big storm last night.
There was a big storm last night.
There will be a meeting at 10 AM.
There will be a meeting at 10 AM.
There have been many changes recently.
There have been many changes recently.
Is there going to be a party?
Is there going to be a party?
There seems to be a misunderstanding.
There seems to be a misunderstanding.
There is likely to be some opposition to the new law.
There is likely to be some opposition to the new law.
There happened to be a doctor on the plane.
There happened to be a doctor on the plane.
There is no point in arguing about it.
There is no point in arguing about it.
There remains much to be done before we can launch.
There remains much to be done before we can launch.
There exists a fine line between genius and madness.
There exists a fine line between genius and madness.
There followed a period of great economic growth.
There followed a period of great economic growth.
There arose a sudden shout from the crowd.
There arose a sudden shout from the crowd.
Should there be any further delays, please notify us immediately.
Should there be any further delays, please notify us immediately.
There is said to be a hidden treasure in these mountains.
There is said to be a hidden treasure in these mountains.
There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned.
There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned.
Were there to be a crisis, we would be well-prepared.
Were there to be a crisis, we would be well-prepared.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners use 'It is' to introduce things because their native language uses one word for both.
Learners use 'have' to say something exists in a place.
The words sound similar, leading to spelling and usage errors.
اشتباهات رایج
It is a book on the table.
There is a book on the table.
There is two dogs.
There are two dogs.
There is a park near here?
Is there a park near here?
There are some milks.
There is some milk.
There aren't some chairs.
There aren't any chairs.
There is many people.
There are many people.
Is there any apples?
Are there any apples?
There have many problems.
There are many problems.
There was many people at the party.
There were many people at the party.
There remains many questions.
There remain many questions.
الگوهای جملهسازی
There is a ___ in the ___.
There are some ___ on the ___.
Is there a ___ near here?
There isn't any ___ left.
Real World Usage
Is there a safe in the room?
Are there any nuts in this salad?
There are several skills I can bring to this role.
There's a cool party tonight, you coming?
There is a leak in the bathroom ceiling.
There are so many beautiful places in this city! 😍
مراقب "It Is" باش!
It is فقط برای توصیف کردن یا آب و هواست. It is black. یا It is raining.راز لیستها
There is استفاده کن، حتی اگه لیست خیلی طولانی باشه! There is a book and five pens.
تنبلهای انگلیسیزبان
Smart Tips
Use 'There is' for the furniture and 'It is' for the color.
Always look at the very first word after 'There'. If it's singular, use 'is'.
Start with 'Is there...?' to be more polite.
Always use 'are'. 'People' is the most common plural noun that doesn't end in 's'.
تلفظ
The 'There's' Contraction
In the contraction 'There's', the 's' sounds like a /z/ sound.
Linking 'There are'
When saying 'There are', the 'r' in 'there' links to the 'a' in 'are'.
Rising Intonation for Questions
Is there a ↗️ bank?
Indicates a yes/no question.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
IS is for ONE (I is like the number 1). ARE is for MANY.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine pointing your finger at one object and saying 'There is...'. Then imagine opening both arms wide to point at many objects and saying 'There are...'.
Rhyme
One thing here? There is a cat. Two things there? There are two hats.
Story
You walk into a dark room. You turn on the light. First, you see one thing: 'There is a box.' Then you look inside: 'There are five gold coins!' You are rich!
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around your room right now. Say 3 sentences using 'There is' and 3 sentences using 'There are' out loud.
نکات فرهنگی
Native speakers often use 'There's' even for plural nouns in very casual speech (e.g., 'There's two cars'). However, this is considered grammatically incorrect in exams and formal writing.
In the UK, it is very common to use 'There is' with collective nouns like 'team' or 'staff', but sometimes they use 'There are' if they think of the members as individuals.
In some dialects, you might hear 'There's' used for almost everything, or even 'It's' used in place of 'There's'.
The use of 'there' as a dummy subject dates back to Old English, where 'þær' was used to introduce sentences.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
Is there a good restaurant in your neighborhood?
Are there any famous landmarks in your city?
Is there anything interesting in your bag right now?
If you could change your city, what is one thing there should be more of?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
There ____ three unread emails in my inbox.
Choose the correct way to ask about a cat:
Find and fix the mistake:
It is a spider on the wall!
Score: /3
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesThere ___ a big window in the office.
There ___ many people at the bus stop.
Is there ___ any milk in the fridge?
Find and fix the mistake:
There are a cat on the roof.
any / there / Are / eggs / ?
Match the start to the end.
Hay tres manzanas.
There ___ any cars in the park.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
8 exercises____ there any sugar in this tea?
no / there / milk / is / left
Hay muchos coches en la calle.
Match correctly:
Choose the negative sentence:
There are a bug in the app.
____ there any questions?
Choose the most common spoken form:
Score: /8
سوالات متداول (8)
In very casual speech, native speakers often do this (e.g., 'There's two dogs'). However, in exams and formal writing, you must use 'There are'.
Use `There is` to introduce something for the first time. Use `It is` to describe that thing later. Example: 'There is a bird. It is blue.'
Usually, we look at the first item. If the first item is singular, we use `There is`. Example: 'There is a bed and two chairs.'
Just swap the words: `Is there...?` or `Are there...?` and add a question mark at the end.
Uncountable nouns always use the singular form: `There is some water.`
Yes! Both are correct. `There are no apples` is slightly more emphatic than `There aren't any apples`.
It is a contraction of 'There are', but it is very rare in writing because it is hard to say. It's better to write 'There are'.
Because it doesn't have a real meaning in the sentence; it just fills the subject position so the real subject can come after the verb.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Hay
English changes the verb for plural (is vs are), Spanish does not.
Il y a
French is a fixed phrase; English must agree with the noun's number.
Es gibt
German uses the verb 'give' and the accusative case; English uses 'be' and the nominative.
Arimasu / Imasu
Japanese focuses on whether the subject is alive; English focuses on whether it is singular or plural.
Hunaka (هناك)
English requires the verb 'is' or 'are', while Arabic often omits it in the present.
Yǒu (有)
English strictly separates possession (have) from existence (there is).
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
Related Grammar Rules
حال کامل: آمریکا در مقابل بریتانیا (I've done در مقابل I did)
Overview آیا تا به حال حس کردهاید که کتاب درسی زبان انگلیسیتان به شما دروغ گفته است؟ شما قانونی را در کلاس یاد میگیر...
Phrasal Verbs: An Introduction (Turn On, Give Up, Look After)
## Phrasal Verbs: An Introduction A **phrasal verb** = verb + particle (up, on, off, out, in, away...) The combination...
تجربیات زندگی: حال کامل با Ever و Never
تا حالا شده بیخیال یه جلسه تمرین ورزشی بشی و دو ساعت بعد، در حالی که داری تو تیکتاک چرخ میزنی، عذاب وجدان بگیری؟ یا ش...
آینده استمراری (will be -ing)
### Overview زمان «آینده استمراری» یا همان `Future Continuous` (که گاهی `Future Progressive` نیز نامیده میشود)، یکی از...
زمان حال کامل در انگلیسی: ارتباط گذشته با حال (ساختار پایه)
Overview Ta hala shode vared-e ye otagh beshi va kamelan yadet bere baraye chi rafti onja? Hameye ma in tajrobe ro dasht...