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A2 determiner #300 پرکاربردترین 7 دقیقه مطالعه

इतना

رتبه 300

At the A1 level, you learn 'इतना' (itnā) primarily as a way to point at a quantity of something you can see. Think of it as the Hindi equivalent of holding something in your hand and saying 'this much.' You will mostly use it with common nouns like 'water' (paani), 'food' (khaana), or 'milk' (doodh). At this stage, you don't need to worry too much about complex sentences. Just remember that if you are pointing at something and want to say 'this much,' 'itna' is your word. However, you should start noticing that it changes slightly: 'itna' for masculine things and 'itni' for feminine things like 'tea' (chai). It's a foundational word for basic survival Hindi, especially when eating or shopping. You might use it to tell someone to stop pouring water into your glass: 'Bas, itna!' (Enough, this much!). It's simple, direct, and very visual.

As an A2 learner, you start using 'इतना' to describe the degree or intensity of something, not just physical quantity. You'll use it to say things like 'so big' (itna bada) or 'so small' (itna chhota). This is also the level where you must master gender agreement. You need to know that 'itna' changes to 'itni' for feminine nouns and 'itne' for masculine plural nouns. You'll start hearing it in common phrases like 'itni jaldi' (so early/fast) or 'itni der' (so late). You are also introduced to the idea of 'itna' as an intensifier in simple emotional expressions, such as 'Main itna khush hoon' (I am so happy). You are moving beyond just pointing at objects to describing the world around you with more flavor and emphasis.

At the B1 level, you begin to use 'इतना' in more complex grammatical structures, specifically the 'itna... ki' (so... that) construction. This allows you to express cause and effect. For example, 'He was so tired that he couldn't walk' (Vah itna thak gaya tha ki chal nahi saka). You also start using 'itna' in comparisons alongside 'jitna' (as much as). This is the 'Jitna... itna' correlation. You'll use it to say things like 'Eat as much as you want' (Jitna chaaho, itna khao - though 'utna' is more common here, 'itna' is used for immediate emphasis). You also learn idiomatic uses like 'itne mein' (in the meantime) to connect two events in a story. Your usage becomes more fluid and less about physical pointing.

By B2, 'इतना' is used for abstract concepts and nuanced emphasis. You can use it to express sarcasm, disbelief, or extreme degree in professional and social settings. You might say, 'Itna bhi kya gussa?' (Why so much anger anyway?) to downplay someone's reaction. You understand the subtle difference between 'itna' and 'utna' in complex philosophical or technical discussions. You are comfortable using 'itna' as an adverb modifying various parts of speech. You also recognize it in literature and media where it's used to create atmosphere. Your ability to match the gender and number of 'itna' with the noun it modifies is now instinctive, even with abstract feminine nouns like 'shakti' (power) or 'ummeed' (hope).

At the C1 level, you use 'इतना' with a high degree of precision and stylistic flair. You can use it to create rhetorical questions or to add poetic weight to your speech. You understand how 'itna' functions in various registers, from the very formal 'is qadar' (its Persianate equivalent) to the very colloquial 'itna sa' (just a tiny bit). You can use it to describe complex social phenomena, such as 'itni badi vishamta' (such a great disparity). You are also aware of how the placement of 'itna' in a sentence can change the focus or emphasis of the entire thought. You can handle long, nested sentences where 'itna' sets up a premise that is resolved much later in the discourse.

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'इतना' is indistinguishable from a native speaker. You use it effortlessly in all its forms and idiomatic variations. You can appreciate and use it in classical Hindi poetry or high-level academic writing to denote specific degrees of intensity or quantity. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its relationship with other Indo-Aryan languages. You can use 'itna' to convey subtle irony, deep pathos, or grand scale. Whether you are delivering a formal speech or engaging in a heated debate, 'इतना' is a tool you use with surgical precision to calibrate the exact level of intensity you wish to project. You also understand its role in regional dialects of Hindi where its pronunciation or usage might vary slightly.

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

इतना در ۳۰ ثانیه

Means 'this much', 'so much', or 'this many'.
Changes to 'itni' (fem) and 'itne' (masc plural).
Used to point at quantities or intensify adjectives.
Commonly used in 'so... that' (itna... ki) sentences.

The Hindi word इतना (itnā) is a versatile demonstrative determiner and intensifier that roughly translates to "this much," "so much," or "this many" in English. It is part of a specific set of demonstrative words in Hindi that indicate proximity. While its counterpart उतना (utnā) refers to "that much" (distant), इतना refers to something immediate, visible, or currently being discussed. Understanding this word is crucial for A2 learners because it allows you to quantify things without needing exact numbers and to express intensity in emotions or descriptions.

Grammatical Gender Agreement: Like most Hindi adjectives and determiners, इतना must agree with the noun it modifies. It changes to इतनी (itnī) for feminine nouns and इतने (itne) for masculine plural nouns. For example, इतना पानी (this much water - masculine), इतनी चाय (this much tea - feminine), and इतने लोग (this many people - masculine plural).

मुझे इतना खाना नहीं चाहिए। (I don't want this much food.)

Beyond simple quantity, इतना acts as an intensifier. When you say someone is "so beautiful" or a task is "so difficult," you use इतना. It sets the stage for a result or a comparison. In conversational Hindi, you will often see it paired with the conjunction कि (ki) to create "so... that" constructions. For instance, "He was so tired that he fell asleep" becomes "वह इतना थक गया था कि सो गया।" This structure is a hallmark of intermediate Hindi fluency.

Physical Gestures: In Indian culture, इतना is frequently accompanied by hand gestures. If someone asks how much sugar you want in your tea, you might hold your thumb and index finger close together and say, "बस इतना सा" (Just this much).

वह इतनी खुश है कि नाच रही है। (She is so happy that she is dancing.)

The word also appears in various idiomatic expressions. For example, "इतनी सी बात" refers to a "small matter" or "a trivial thing." It highlights how the word can minimize or maximize the scale of an object or situation depending on the context. In the realm of time, इतने में (itne mein) means "in the meantime" or "at this point," showing that the word isn't limited to physical volume but also applies to temporal and abstract concepts.

Using इतना correctly requires a keen eye for the noun's gender and number. This is where most English speakers stumble, as English uses "so much" or "this much" regardless of the noun. In Hindi, the ending of the word must morph to match its partner. Let's break down the three primary forms.

Form 1: इतना (Masculine Singular): Used with masculine singular nouns like दूध (milk), काम (work), समय (time), and पैसा (money). Example: "मेरे पास इतना समय नहीं है" (I don't have this much time).

आज इतना शोर क्यों है? (Why is there so much noise today?)

Form 2: इतनी (Feminine Singular/Plural): Used with feminine nouns like किताबें (books), चीनी (sugar), गर्मी (heat), and खुशी (happiness). Example: "यहाँ इतनी गर्मी क्यों है?" (Why is it so hot here?). Note that इतनी stays the same for both singular and plural feminine nouns.

उसके पास इतनी साड़ियाँ हैं! (She has so many sarees!)

Form 3: इतने (Masculine Plural): Used with masculine plural nouns like बच्चे (children), आम (mangoes - plural), and दिन (days). Example: "इतने सारे लोग कहाँ से आए?" (Where did so many people come from?).

Another common usage is the phrase इतने में. This is often used in storytelling to signify a sudden change or an event happening while something else was going on. For example: "हम बातें कर रहे थे, इतने में बारिश शुरू हो गई" (We were talking, and in the meantime/suddenly, it started raining). This shows the word's flexibility in moving from quantity to time and sequence.

In the bustling streets of India, इतना is a word you will hear every few minutes. Whether it's a vegetable vendor arguing about price or a friend expressing shock at a movie plot, this word is the engine of emphasis in Hindi conversation.

At the Market (Bazaar): Bargaining is an art in India, and इतना is your primary tool. You might say, "इतना महँगा?" (This much expensive? / So expensive?) to signal that the price is too high. The vendor might reply, "भाई साहब, इतनी अच्छी चीज़ कहीं नहीं मिलेगी" (Brother, you won't find such a good thing anywhere else).

भैया, इतने पैसे क्यों ले रहे हो? (Brother, why are you taking this much money?)

In Bollywood cinema, इतना is used to dial up the drama. Think of the famous dialogue from the movie Sholay: "इतना सन्नाटा क्यों है भाई?" (Why is there so much silence, brother?). Here, इतना adds a layer of eerie intensity to the atmosphere. It’s not just silence; it’s an overwhelming amount of it. Similarly, in romantic songs, you'll hear phrases like "इतनी मोहब्बत" (so much love) or "इतना प्यार" (this much love), emphasizing the depth of the character's feelings.

Social Media and News: On Hindi Twitter or Instagram, you'll see captions like "इतनी सुंदर जगह!" (Such a beautiful place!) or news headlines about "इतनी बड़ी जीत" (Such a big victory). It serves as a click-bait intensifier that captures the reader's attention by highlighting the scale of the event.

आज इतनी भीड़ क्यों है? (Why is there so much crowd today?)

Finally, in the workplace, इतना is used to discuss workloads or deadlines. "इतना सारा काम आज ही खत्म करना है?" (Do we have to finish this much work today?). It helps in expressing the magnitude of a task, making it an essential word for professional communication as well.

Even though इतना seems straightforward, learners often make specific errors, primarily related to grammar and confusion with similar-sounding words. Let's look at the most frequent pitfalls.

Mistake 1: Ignoring Gender Agreement: This is the #1 mistake. Many learners use इतना as a default. For example, saying "इतना चाय" instead of "इतनी चाय". Since 'chai' is feminine, the determiner must change. Always check the gender of the noun that follows.

Incorrect: इतना किताबें (Itna kitabein)
Correct: इतनी किताबें (Itni kitabein)

Mistake 2: Confusing 'इतना' with 'कितना': Learners often use इतना when they mean to ask a question. "इतना पानी चाहिए?" sounds like a statement ("You want this much water?") rather than a question. If you are asking "How much?", you must use कितना (kitnā).

Mistake 3: Misusing 'इतने' for Uncountable Nouns: In English, we use "so many" for countable and "so much" for uncountable. In Hindi, इतने is only for masculine plural countable nouns. For uncountable masculine nouns like 'milk' or 'oil', use इतना. Don't say "इतने दूध" unless you mean "this many (bottles of) milk".

Incorrect: इतने पानी (Itne paani)
Correct: इतना पानी (Itna paani)

Lastly, learners sometimes forget that इतना can also be an adverb. When modifying an adjective, it still follows the gender of the noun. "इतनी अच्छी लड़की" (Such a good girl). If you use "इतना अच्छी लड़की", it sounds ungrammatical and jarred to a native speaker's ears. Consistency in gender across the entire noun phrase is key.

While इतना is the most common way to say "this much," Hindi offers several synonyms and related words that can add nuance to your speech. Understanding these will help you move from A2 to B1 and beyond.

उतना (utnā) vs इतना (itnā): This is the most important pair. इतना refers to something close to the speaker (this much), while उतना refers to something further away or previously mentioned (that much). They are often used together in comparisons: "जितना तुम काम करोगे, उतना फल मिलेगा" (As much as you work, that much fruit/reward you will get).

मुझे इतना नहीं, उतना चाहिए। (I don't want this much, I want that much.)

बहुत (bahut) vs इतना (itnā): बहुत simply means "very" or "a lot." It is a general intensifier. इतना, however, is demonstrative. If you say "यह बहुत बड़ा है," you are saying "This is very big." If you say "यह इतना बड़ा है," you are usually showing the size with your hands or comparing it to something else.

काफ़ी (kāfī): Meaning "enough" or "quite," काफ़ी is used when the quantity is sufficient. While इतना can mean "this much" (neutral), काफ़ी implies that the amount is enough for the purpose at hand.

मेरे लिए इतना काफ़ी है। (This much is enough for me.)

Lastly, for emphasis, you can add सारा (sārā) to इतना to create इतना सारा (so very much / all this much). This is very common when talking about food, work, or money. Using these variations will make your Hindi sound more natural and expressive, allowing you to convey precise quantities and emotions.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

"इतनी बड़ी धनराशि का निवेश जोखिम भरा हो सकता है।"

خنثی

"मुझे इतना काम आज ही खत्म करना है।"

غیر رسمی

"अरे यार, इतना गुस्सा क्यों कर रहे हो?"

Child friendly

"देखो, इतना छोटा चूहा!"

عامیانه

"इतना भाव मत खाओ!"

نکته جالب

Hindi has a perfect symmetry for these demonstratives: 'i' for here (itna), 'u' for there (utna), 'ji' for relative (jitna), and 'ki' for question (kitna). It's like a mathematical grid!

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɪt̪.nɑː/

US /ɪt̪.nɑ/

Stress is on the second syllable 'nā'.

هم‌قافیه با

जितना (jitnā) उतना (utnā) कितना (kitnā) पटना (patnā) घटना (ghatnā) कटना (katnā) बटना (batnā) हटना (hatnā)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 't' as an alveolar 't' (like in English 'top') instead of a dental 't'.
Making the first 'i' too long (like 'eat-na').
Not changing the ending to 'i' or 'e' for gender agreement.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to recognize but requires attention to the ending vowel.

نوشتن 3/5

Requires knowledge of noun gender to choose the correct form.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Natural use involves specific intonation and often hand gestures.

گوش دادن 2/5

Very common and usually clearly pronounced.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

यह (this) वह (that) कितना (how much) बड़ा (big) छोटा (small)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

उतना (that much) जितना (as much as) क्योंकि (because) इसलिए (therefore)

پیشرفته

इस क़दर (to this extent) यथेष्ट (sufficient) अत्यंत (extremely)

گرامر لازم

Adjective Agreement

इतना (M), इतनी (F), इतने (MP) must match the noun.

Correlative Pronouns

Jitna... utna... (As much as... that much...).

Result Clauses

Itna... ki... (So... that...).

Oblique Case

इतने (itne) is used before plural nouns in oblique cases (e.g., इतने लोगों को).

Intensifiers

Itna can modify adjectives directly (itna sundar).

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

मुझे इतना पानी चाहिए।

I want this much water.

Masculine singular agreement with 'paani'.

इतना खाना मत खाओ।

Don't eat this much food.

Masculine singular agreement with 'khaana'.

बस इतना ही।

Just this much.

Common short phrase for 'that's it'.

इतनी चाय काफी है।

This much tea is enough.

Feminine singular agreement with 'chai'.

इतने पैसे लो।

Take this much money.

Masculine plural agreement with 'paise'.

इतना दूध गरम है।

This much milk is hot.

Masculine singular agreement with 'doodh'.

इतनी चीनी डालो।

Put this much sugar.

Feminine singular agreement with 'cheeni'.

इतना शोर मत करो।

Don't make so much noise.

Masculine singular agreement with 'shor'.

यह घर इतना बड़ा है।

This house is so big.

Used as an intensifier for the adjective 'bada'.

इतनी जल्दी क्यों है?

Why such a hurry?

Feminine agreement with 'jaldi'.

इतने सारे लोग यहाँ हैं।

So many people are here.

Masculine plural agreement with 'log'.

वह इतनी सुंदर है।

She is so beautiful.

Feminine agreement with the subject.

इतना महँगा फल मत खरीदो।

Don't buy such expensive fruit.

Modifying the adjective 'mahanga'.

इतनी ठंड क्यों है?

Why is it so cold?

Feminine agreement with 'thand'.

इतने दिन कहाँ थे?

Where were you for so many days?

Masculine plural agreement with 'din'.

मुझे इतनी खुशी हुई!

I was so happy!

Feminine agreement with 'khushi'.

वह इतना थक गया कि सो गया।

He got so tired that he fell asleep.

The 'itna... ki' result clause construction.

इतने में बारिश होने लगी।

In the meantime, it started raining.

Idiomatic use of 'itne mein' for time.

इतनी सी बात पर मत लड़ो।

Don't fight over such a small matter.

The phrase 'itni si baat' means a trivial thing.

मैंने इतना काम कभी नहीं किया।

I have never done this much work.

Used for comparison with past experience.

इतनी दूर पैदल मत जाओ।

Don't go so far on foot.

Modifying the distance 'door'.

वह इतना रोया कि उसकी आँखें लाल हो गईं।

He cried so much that his eyes turned red.

Intensifier in a result clause.

इतने कम समय में यह कैसे हुआ?

How did this happen in such a short time?

Masculine singular agreement with 'samay'.

इतनी मेहनत बेकार नहीं जाएगी।

So much hard work won't go to waste.

Feminine agreement with 'mehnat'.

इतनी बड़ी जीत की उम्मीद नहीं थी।

Such a big victory was not expected.

Abstract noun agreement.

इतने सारे विकल्पों में से चुनना मुश्किल है।

It is difficult to choose from so many options.

Masculine plural with 'vikalpon' (oblique case).

वह इतना भी बुरा नहीं है।

He is not even that bad.

Use of 'bhi' for emphasis/mitigation.

इतनी गहराई में मत जाओ।

Don't go into such depth.

Feminine agreement with 'gehraai'.

इतने सालों बाद हम मिले हैं।

We have met after so many years.

Masculine plural with 'saalon' (oblique case).

इतनी नफरत अच्छी नहीं होती।

So much hatred is not good.

Feminine agreement with 'nafrat'.

क्या आपको इतनी सी जानकारी भी नहीं है?

Do you not even have this much information?

Sarcastic use of 'itni si'.

इतनी हिम्मत कहाँ से आई?

Where did so much courage come from?

Feminine agreement with 'himmat'.

इतनी बड़ी विडंबना और क्या होगी?

What could be a bigger irony than this?

Rhetorical usage with abstract nouns.

इतने व्यापक स्तर पर बदलाव ज़रूरी है।

Change is necessary on such a broad scale.

Formal register usage.

इतनी भी क्या बेरुखी है?

Why such indifference?

Nuanced emotional inquiry.

इतने में ही उसने हार मान ली।

He gave up just with this much (effort/time).

Using 'itne mein' to mean 'at this small point'.

इतनी सूक्ष्मता से काम करना कठिन है।

It is difficult to work with such precision.

Feminine agreement with 'sukshmta'.

इतने बड़े साम्राज्य का पतन हो गया।

Such a large empire collapsed.

Historical/Academic context.

इतनी प्रगाढ़ मित्रता कम ही दिखती है।

Such deep friendship is rarely seen.

High-level vocabulary with 'itni'.

इतनी जटिल समस्या का समाधान क्या है?

What is the solution to such a complex problem?

Formal problem-solving context.

उसकी इतनी मजाल कि वह मुझसे ऐसे बात करे!

How dare he speak to me like that!

Idiomatic use of 'itni majaal' for audacity.

इतनी सी उम्र में उसने इतना कुछ हासिल कर लिया।

At such a young age, he achieved so much.

Contrast between 'itni si' and 'itna kuch'.

इतने वर्षों का संचित ज्ञान व्यर्थ नहीं जाएगा।

The accumulated knowledge of so many years will not go to waste.

Literary register.

इतनी संवेदनशीलता भी कभी-कभी बोझ बन जाती है।

Even such sensitivity sometimes becomes a burden.

Philosophical reflection.

इतनी प्रखर बुद्धि वाला व्यक्ति मैंने नहीं देखा।

I haven't seen a person with such a sharp intellect.

Formal superlative-like emphasis.

इतनी भीषण त्रासदी के बाद उबरना मुश्किल है।

It is hard to recover after such a terrible tragedy.

Serious news/literary register.

इतने भर से काम नहीं चलेगा।

Just this much won't suffice.

Idiomatic use of 'itne bhar'.

इतनी उदारता दिखाना हर किसी के बस की बात नहीं।

Showing such generosity is not everyone's cup of tea.

Moral/Ethical discussion.

ترکیب‌های رایج

इतना सारा

इतनी जल्दी

इतनी दूर

इतने लोग

इतना बड़ा

इतनी देर

इतने पैसे

इतनी हिम्मत

इतनी बार

इतना महँगा

عبارات رایج

बस इतना ही

इतनी सी बात

इतने में

इतने सारे

इतनी भी क्या...

इतना तो है

इतने भर से

इतना ही नहीं

इतनी देर से

इतने का

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

इतना vs कितना (kitnā)

Means 'how much'. Use this for questions, not 'itna'.

इतना vs उतना (utnā)

Means 'that much'. Use this for distant or previously mentioned quantities.

इतना vs जितना (jitnā)

Means 'as much as'. Used in the first part of a comparison.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"इतनी मजाल"

How dare (someone). Used to express shock at someone's audacity.

उसकी इतनी मजाल कि वह मुझे मना करे!

Informal/Aggressive

"इतनी सी जान"

A tiny life/person. Often used affectionately for small children or fragile things.

इतनी सी जान और इतना सारा काम!

Affectionate

"इतना बड़ा मुँह"

To speak beyond one's status or to be greedy.

इतना बड़ा मुँह मत खोलो।

Colloquial

"इतने में ही"

To be satisfied or to give up very quickly.

वह इतने में ही खुश हो गया।

Neutral

"इतनी सी उम्र"

Such a young age.

इतनी सी उम्र में उसने कमाल कर दिया।

Neutral

"इतना तो बनता है"

This much is deserved or expected.

इतनी पार्टी तो बनती है!

Slang/Informal

"इतने हाथ"

Many people helping (too many cooks).

इतने हाथ लगेंगे तो काम बिगड़ जाएगा।

Neutral

"इतनी बात है"

This is the only thing/matter.

बस इतनी बात है कि मुझे भूख नहीं है।

Neutral

"इतने दिन"

A long time.

इतने दिनों बाद तुम आए हो।

Neutral

"इतना क्या सोचना"

Why think so much? (Don't overthink).

चलो चलते हैं, इतना क्या सोचना!

Informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

इतना vs इतवार (itvār)

Sounds similar.

Itvār means Sunday; itna means this much.

इतवार को इतना काम मत करो।

इतना vs इत्र (itr)

Starts with the same sound.

Itr means perfume; itna means this much.

इतना इत्र मत लगाओ।

इतना vs इतना (itna) vs बहुत (bahut)

Both intensify.

Bahut is 'very'; itna is 'this much' (demonstrative).

वह बहुत सुंदर है vs वह इतनी सुंदर है (pointing).

इतना vs इतने (itne) vs इतने में (itne mein)

Similar form.

Itne is plural quantity; itne mein is 'in the meantime'.

इतने लोग आए, इतने में खाना खत्म हो गया।

इतना vs इतनी (itni) vs इतनी सी (itni si)

Nuance.

Itni is 'this much'; itni si is 'just this tiny bit'.

इतनी चीनी vs इतनी सी चीनी।

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Subject + इतना + Noun + है।

यह इतना दूध है।

Subject + इतना + Adjective + है।

वह इतना लंबा है।

Subject + इतना + Adjective + है कि + Clause।

वह इतना बीमार है कि चल नहीं सकता।

जितना + Clause, उतना + Clause।

जितना पढ़ोगे, उतना सीखोगे।

इतनी सी + Noun + पर + Verb।

इतनी सी बात पर मत रो।

इतने + Adjective + स्तर पर + Noun।

इतने बड़े स्तर पर आयोजन हुआ।

इतनी + Noun + दिखाना + Clause।

इतनी हिम्मत दिखाना आसान नहीं है।

इतने + Masc Plural Noun + कहाँ + हैं?

इतने पैसे कहाँ हैं?

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

صفت‌ها

مرتبط

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely common in daily speech, literature, and media.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 'itna' for feminine nouns. → इतनी (itni)
Nouns like 'chai', 'shakti', and 'baat' are feminine. You must use 'itni'.
Using 'itne' for uncountable masculine nouns. → इतना (itna)
Water (paani) is uncountable. Use 'itna paani', not 'itne paani'.
Confusing 'itna' with 'kitna' in questions. → कितना (kitna)
'Itna' is a statement of quantity; 'kitna' is the question 'how much?'.
Forgetting agreement when 'itna' is an adverb. → इतनी अच्छी लड़की
Even as an adverb, it often agrees with the noun being described.
Using 'itna' instead of 'utna' for distant objects. → उतना (utna)
If the object is far away or was mentioned previously, 'utna' is more appropriate.

نکات

Check the Noun

Before you say 'itna', look at the noun. Is it feminine? Switch to 'itni' immediately.

Use Your Hands

Hindi is a gestural language. Showing the size with your hands while saying 'itna' makes you sound more native.

Learn the Pair

Always learn 'itna' and 'utna' together. They are like 'this' and 'that' for quantities.

Listen for 'Ki'

If you hear 'itna...', wait for the 'ki' to understand the consequence of the intensity.

Result Clauses

Practice writing 'so... that' sentences to improve your sentence structure.

Bollywood Drama

Watch Bollywood movies to see how 'itna' is used to add emotional weight to dialogues.

The Market Rule

Use 'itna mahanga!' (so expensive) as your first reaction when bargaining in India.

The 'I' Rule

I = In my hand = Itna. U = Up there = Utna.

Bas Itna

Memorize 'Bas itna hi' (Just this much). It's incredibly useful at dinner tables.

Avoid 'Itna' for Questions

If you see a question mark, you probably need 'kitna', not 'itna'.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'IT' in 'IT-na' as pointing to 'IT' (the thing right here). 'IT-na' = 'This much of IT'.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine someone holding their hands apart to show the size of a fish they caught. That gesture is the physical embodiment of 'itna'.

شبکه واژگان

Quantity Intensity Proximity Agreement Comparison Emphasis Demonstrative Adjective

چالش

Try to use 'itna', 'itni', and 'itne' at least once today while pointing at things in your room.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'एतावत्' (etāvat), which means 'this much' or 'so much'. It has evolved through Prakrit 'ettia' to the modern Hindi 'itnā'.

معنای اصلی: Referring to a proximal measure or extent.

Indo-Aryan

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but using 'itna' with a loud tone can sound very accusatory or shocked in a social setting.

English speakers often forget that 'itna' must change for gender. In English, 'so much' is universal, but in Hindi, it's a chameleon.

Movie dialogue: 'Itna sannata kyun hai bhai?' from Sholay. Song: 'Itna na mujhse tu pyaar badha' from Chhaya. Song: 'Itni si hansi, itni si khushi' from Barfi.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Shopping

यह इतना महँगा क्यों है?
इतने पैसे नहीं हैं।
इतना कम मत करो।
बस इतना ही चाहिए।

Dining

इतना खाना काफी है।
इतनी मिर्च मत डालना।
इतना पानी और दो।
इतनी चीनी बहुत है।

Work

इतना काम बाकी है।
इतनी जल्दी कैसे होगा?
इतने लोग चाहिए।
इतना समय नहीं है।

Emotions

इतना गुस्सा मत करो।
इतनी खुशी कभी नहीं हुई।
इतना डर क्यों है?
इतनी नफरत क्यों?

Travel

इतनी दूर जाना है।
इतनी भीड़ क्यों है?
इतने पैसे लगेंगे?
इतनी देर हो गई।

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"आज इतनी गर्मी क्यों है?"

"क्या आपको इतना सारा काम पसंद है?"

"इतने दिनों बाद आप कहाँ से आ रहे हैं?"

"इतनी सुंदर जगह आपने पहले देखी है?"

"इतना शोर कहाँ से आ रहा है?"

موضوعات نگارش

आज मैंने इतना सारा काम किया कि मैं थक गया। (Describe your busy day).

मुझे इतनी खुशी तब हुई जब... (Write about a happy moment).

मेरे शहर में इतनी भीड़ है क्योंकि... (Describe the crowds in your city).

इतनी मेहनत करने के बाद मुझे क्या मिला? (Reflect on your hard work).

इतने सालों में मैंने क्या सीखा? (Reflect on your life lessons over the years).

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, it is an inflecting adjective. Use 'itna' for masculine singular, 'itni' for feminine (singular and plural), and 'itne' for masculine plural.

Technically no. You should use 'kitna' for 'how much'. However, in casual speech, you can use 'itna' with a rising intonation to mean 'This much?' as a confirmation.

'Itna' refers to something close to the speaker ('this much'), while 'utna' refers to something further away or previously mentioned ('that much').

Use 'itne' followed by a masculine plural noun (e.g., 'itne log') or 'itni' followed by a feminine plural noun (e.g., 'itni kitabein').

It usually means 'in the meantime' or 'at this point' in a narrative.

It is neutral and used in all registers. For very formal poetic contexts, 'is qadar' might be used instead.

Yes, it acts as an intensifier. 'Itna bada' means 'so big' or 'this big'.

Adding 'sa' makes it diminutive, meaning 'just a little bit' or 'this tiny amount'.

No, 'itne' remains 'itne' before a plural noun in the oblique case (e.g., 'itne logon ko').

No, 'this' is 'yeh'. 'Itna' specifically refers to the quantity or degree of 'this'.