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B1 noun #3,500 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

体系

taikei رتبه 3,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 体系 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 体系 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '体系' (taikei) is a very difficult word that you probably won't use. It means 'system.' Think of a system as a group of things that work together. For example, the rules in a game or the way a school is organized. In English, we use 'system' for many things, but in Japanese, 'taikei' is used for bigger, more serious systems like 'the system of laws' or 'the system of science.' At this level, you should focus on simpler words like 'shisutemu' (system) or 'ruuru' (rules). If you see this word, just remember it means a big, organized group of things or ideas. It is like a big puzzle where every piece has a special place to make a whole picture. You might see it in a title of a book about big topics like history or science.

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At the A2 level, you might start to see '体系' in textbooks or news headlines. It describes how information or rules are organized into a whole. Imagine you are learning Japanese. You learn words, then grammar, then kanji. All of these together make the 'system of the Japanese language.' That 'system' is called 'taikei.' It is more formal than 'shisutemu.' You might hear it when people talk about 'taikeiteki' (systematic) learning. This means learning things in a logical order, like starting with lesson 1, then lesson 2, instead of jumping around. It is a useful word to know if you want to talk about how you study or how a company is structured. Just remember: it’s for organized ideas and structures, not usually for machines or gadgets.

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As a B1 learner, you should be able to recognize '体系' in various formal contexts. It is a key word for discussing abstract concepts like 'knowledge systems' (知識体系) or 'legal systems' (法体系). At this level, you are moving beyond simple daily conversation and into more intellectual topics. You can use 'taikei' to describe anything that has a logical, organized structure. For example, if you are explaining your company's new salary structure, you would call it the 'kyuuyo taikei.' If you are talking about how you want to study for an exam in a structured way, you can use the adverbial form 'taikeiteki ni' (systematically). Understanding this word helps you engage with academic texts and professional reports where describing the 'architecture' of a concept is common.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '体系' and its derivatives in both writing and speech. You should understand the nuance that 'taikei' implies a comprehensive and logically consistent whole. It is often used in critiques—for instance, if a theory lacks 'taikeisei' (systematicity), it means the ideas are disjointed and don't fit together well. You will encounter this word in social science, law, and business literature. You should also be able to distinguish it from 'seido' (social institution) and 'kouzou' (structure). For example, while 'shakai seido' refers to social institutions like marriage or the law, 'shakai taikei' refers to the logical framework or the theoretical system of society as a whole. Being able to use this word correctly shows a high level of literacy and professional competence.

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For C1 learners, '体系' is an essential tool for high-level abstract reasoning. You should use it to discuss complex philosophical frameworks, scientific paradigms, and the structural integrity of large-scale systems. In academic writing, you might discuss the 'taikeika' (systematization) of a particular field of study, referring to the process of turning scattered observations into a unified theory. You should also be aware of how 'taikei' interacts with other sophisticated terms like 'paradigm' or 'epistemology.' At this level, you can appreciate the historical etymology of the word—how the 'body' (体) and 'lineage' (系) combine to describe a living, connected structure of ideas. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the internal logic and the boundary conditions of the 'system' you are describing.

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At the C2 level, '体系' is used with precision to navigate the most complex intellectual landscapes. You can use it to dissect the 'taikei' of an entire civilization's thought or the intricate 'hou-taikei' (legal system) of international law. You should be able to discuss the limitations of a 'taikei'—how a closed system might fail to account for external variables or how the 'taikeika' of knowledge can sometimes lead to rigid, dogmatic thinking. You will find this word in the works of major Japanese thinkers and scholars, where it is used to build and deconstruct massive intellectual structures. At this level, your command of 'taikei' and its related forms (like 'taikei-teki na moura' - systematic coverage) should be indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, allowing you to participate in the most rigorous academic and professional debates.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

体系 در ۳۰ ثانیه

A formal noun meaning 'system' or 'framework,' focusing on logical and structural organization.
Commonly used in academic, legal, and professional contexts to describe a unified body of knowledge or rules.
Differs from 'shisutemu' (technical) and 'seido' (social institution) by emphasizing internal logical consistency.
Often appears in compounds like 'hou-taikei' (legal system) and as the adjective 'taikeiteki' (systematic).

The Japanese word 体系 (たいけい - Taikei) is a sophisticated noun that translates to "system," "framework," "organization," or "scheme." However, unlike the more common loanword shisutemu (システム), which often refers to technical or mechanical systems like a computer system, taikei specifically denotes a logical, structured, and comprehensive arrangement of parts into a whole. It implies a sense of completeness and internal consistency, often used in academic, legal, scientific, or philosophical contexts to describe how various elements are unified under a single principle or set of rules. When you use taikei, you are talking about the 'skeleton' or the 'architecture' of a body of knowledge or a set of laws. It is the difference between having a pile of bricks and having a finished, architecturally sound building where every brick has a specific, logical place. In everyday Japanese, you might not use this word to talk about your computer's operating system, but you would certainly use it to discuss the structure of a language's grammar, the hierarchy of a legal code, or the systematic classification of biological species. It is a word that carries weight, suggesting that the subject is not just a random collection but a carefully organized and cohesive entity.

Academic Context: Used to describe a body of knowledge that is organized logically, such as a philosophical system (哲学体系) or a scientific framework.
Legal Context: Refers to the hierarchy and structure of laws within a nation, known as the legal system (法体系).
Business Context: Describes the organizational structure of a company's internal rules or salary scales (給与体系).

The nuances of taikei are deeply rooted in its kanji. The first character, 体 (tai), means 'body' or 'substance,' suggesting something physical and whole. The second character, 系 (kei), means 'lineage,' 'connection,' or 'system,' suggesting a sequence or a thread that connects parts. Together, they form the concept of a 'connected body' or a 'structured whole.' This is why the word is so frequently paired with adjectives like taikeiteki (体系的 - systematic) to describe an approach that is thorough and organized. If you are learning Japanese, you are currently engaging with the bunpou taikei (grammar system) of the language. Understanding this word helps you transition from basic conversational Japanese to more formal, professional, and academic registers where precision in describing structures is paramount.

この本は日本の法体系について詳しく説明している。
(This book explains the Japanese legal system in detail.)

新しい給与体系が来月から導入される。
(A new salary system will be introduced starting next month.)

彼は知識を体系立てて整理するのが得意だ。
(He is good at organizing knowledge systematically.)

その理論は巨大な思想体系の一部に過ぎない。
(That theory is merely a part of a massive system of thought.)

科学的な分類体系を学ぶ。
(Learn the scientific classification system.)

Using 体系 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that describes an abstract organization. It is rarely used on its own in casual conversation but is a staple in formal writing and professional discussions. When you use it, you are often qualifying it with another noun to specify what kind of system you are referring to. For example, chishiki taikei (knowledge system) refers to how information is categorized and linked in the mind or in a field of study. In a business setting, you might hear about soshiki taikei (organizational structure), which refers to the hierarchy and departmentalization of a company. The word conveys a sense of rigorous planning and logical order. If you say a plan is taikeiteki (体系的), you are praising it for being methodical and well-thought-out, covering all necessary bases without contradictions.

Compound Nouns: Taikei is frequently the second part of a compound noun: hou-taikei (legal system), kyouiku-taikei (educational system), gengo-taikei (language system).
As an Adjective: Adding -teki makes it taikeiteki (体系的), meaning "systematic." Example: Taikeiteki na kenkyuu (Systematic research).
Action Verbs: Common verbs used with taikei include tsukuru (to create), seibi suru (to maintain/organize), and rikai suru (to understand).

One of the most powerful ways to use taikei is when discussing education or learning. For instance, if you are studying a new skill, you might say you want to learn it taikeiteki ni (systematically) rather than just picking up random bits of information. This implies you want to start from the fundamentals and build up to complex concepts in a logical order. In the world of philosophy or science, a taikei is the ultimate goal—to create a theory that explains everything within its domain through a unified set of principles. When listening to Japanese news or reading editorials, look for this word when the author is criticizing a lack of organization or praising a well-structured policy. It signals a high-level discussion about the fundamental structure of the topic at hand.

彼は物理学の体系を根本から覆した。
(He overturned the system of physics from its very foundations.)

このプログラミング言語は、非常に洗練された体系を持っている。
(This programming language has a very sophisticated system.)

社会保障体系の再構築が必要だ。
(Restructuring the social security system is necessary.)

In Japan, 体系 is a word that echoes through the halls of universities and the boardrooms of major corporations. If you are a student attending a lecture on Kempou (Constitutional Law), the professor will almost certainly discuss the hou-taikei (legal system) and how the constitution sits at the top of that hierarchy. In this context, taikei is used to explain why certain laws take precedence over others and how they all fit together to form the legal backbone of the country. It is also a favorite word of business consultants. When a company is failing, a consultant might suggest that the un-you taikei (operational system) or the hyouka taikei (evaluation system) is flawed, meaning the very structure of how work is done or how employees are judged needs a total overhaul.

You will also encounter taikei in scientific documentaries or articles. For example, when discussing the classification of animals or plants (Taxonomy), the term bunrui taikei (classification system) is used. This refers to the Linnaean system or modern genetic classification systems. It highlights the logical, branching structure of the biological world. In the tech world, while shisutemu is more common for software, taikei might be used when discussing the gijutsu taikei (technological framework) of a whole industry or a complex ecosystem like the Internet of Things (IoT). It suggests a high-level view of how different technologies interact and depend on one another.

大学の講義で、西洋哲学の体系を学んだ。
(In a university lecture, I learned the system of Western philosophy.)

この企業は新しい人事体系を構築中だ。
(This company is in the process of building a new human resources system.)

政府は税制体系の抜本的な改革を検討している。
(The government is considering a fundamental reform of the tax system.)

The most common mistake learners make with 体系 is confusing it with other words that also translate to "system" in English, most notably システム (shisutemu) and 制度 (seido). While all three deal with organization, they are not interchangeable. Shisutemu is the go-to word for technical, mechanical, or computer-based systems. You would say "computer system" (コンピュータシステム), not computer taikei. Seido, on the other hand, refers specifically to social institutions, systems of rules, or public policies, such as the "educational system" (教育制度) or the "pension system" (年金制度). While taikei can also be used for education (教育体系), taikei focuses on the *structure of the curriculum* or the *logical organization of the knowledge*, whereas seido focuses on the *laws and social structures* governing the schools.

Another common error is using taikei when you actually mean 組織 (soshiki). Soshiki refers to an organization as a group of people, like a company, a club, or a political party. Taikei refers to the *logical structure* or *system* within that organization. So, while you can work for a soshiki, you study the taikei of that organization's rules. Confusing these leads to sentences that sound unnatural to native speakers. Additionally, avoid using taikei for simple, non-abstract systems. For example, a "heating system" in a house is a setsubi (facility/equipment) or a shisutemu, not a taikei, because it lacks the abstract, logical hierarchy that taikei implies.

Taikei vs. Shisutemu: Taikei = Abstract, logical structure. Shisutemu = Technical, functional system.
Taikei vs. Seido: Taikei = How things are organized logically. Seido = How things are established as rules/institutions.
Taikei vs. Soshiki: Taikei = The system/framework. Soshiki = The group of people/organization itself.

❌ このコンピュータの体系は古い。
✅ このコンピュータのシステムは古い。
(The computer system is old.)

❌ 彼は大きな体系に属している。
✅ 彼は大きな組織に属している。
(He belongs to a large organization.)

When looking for synonyms or alternatives to 体系, you must consider the specific context of the "system" you are describing. Each word has a slightly different flavor and focus. Understanding these differences will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to express more precise thoughts.

系統 (Keitou): Focuses on lineage, ancestry, or a sequence of connected things. Used for bloodlines, electrical grids (系統図), or specific schools of thought within a larger discipline. Unlike taikei, which is a whole body, keitou is like a single branch or a line.
構造 (Kouzou): Means "structure." It focuses on how the parts are physically or conceptually put together. While taikei is the system as a whole, kouzou is the arrangement of the components. You might talk about the kouzou (structure) of a building or the kouzou of a sentence.
枠組み (Wakugumi): Translates to "framework." It is often used for the conceptual boundaries of a project or a theory. It is less formal than taikei and focuses on the outer edges or the basic setup rather than the entire internal logic.
仕組み (Shikumi): Translates to "mechanism" or "how things work." It is much more casual and is used to describe the inner workings of a clock, a business deal, or a magic trick. It lacks the grand, organized scale of taikei.

Choosing between these depends on whether you want to emphasize the logical whole (体系), the lineage/sequence (系統), the physical/conceptual arrangement (構造), the outer boundary (枠組み), or the internal mechanism (仕組み). For example, if you are discussing the entire body of Buddhist thought, Bukkyou no taikei is appropriate. If you are discussing a specific lineage or sect within Buddhism, Bukkyou no keitou would be used. If you are discussing the structure of a specific sutra, kyouten no kouzou is best. Finally, if you are explaining how a temple manages its finances, you might talk about the shikumi of their accounting.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

During the Meiji restoration, Japanese scholars had to invent or repurpose thousands of words to translate Western concepts. 'Taikei' was chosen specifically because it captured the idea of a 'living body' of connected parts, which matched the holistic nature of Western philosophical systems.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK ta-i-ke-i

US ta-i-ke-i

The pitch accent is Heiban (Type 0), meaning the pitch starts low and rises, then stays flat for the rest of the word: ta-IKEI.

هم‌قافیه با

家計 (kakei - household budget) 成形 (seikei - molding/shaping) 整形 (seikei - plastic surgery) 景気 (keiki - economy/business conditions) 提携 (teikei - partnership) 泥濘 (deinei - mud) 経験 (keiken - experience) 典型 (tenkei - typical/model)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'ei' as a distinct 'e' and 'i' rather than a long 'e' sound (taikee).
Putting stress on the first syllable like English 'SYStem'.
Shortening the final 'i', making it sound like 'taike'.
Pronouncing 'ta' as 'tha' with too much aspiration.
Breaking the word into two separate words 'tai' and 'kei' with a pause.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

The kanji are relatively common but the abstract nature of the word requires a good vocabulary.

نوشتن 4/5

Writing '体系' correctly requires knowing the stroke order for '系', which can be tricky for beginners.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Easy to pronounce (Heiban accent), but knowing when to use it instead of 'shisutemu' is the real challenge.

گوش دادن 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but often appears in fast-paced academic or news contexts.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

体 (Body) 系 (Lineage) 組織 (Organization) 制度 (Institution) 計画 (Plan)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

体系的 (Systematic) 体系化 (Systematization) 理論 (Theory) 概念 (Concept) 整合性 (Consistency)

پیشرفته

認識論 (Epistemology) 弁証法 (Dialectic) 還元主義 (Reductionism) 構造主義 (Structuralism)

گرامر لازم

Noun + 的 (teki)

体系 + 的 = 体系的 (Systematic). This suffix turns nouns into 'na-adjectives'.

Noun + 化 (ka)

体系 + 化 = 体系化 (Systematization). This suffix means '-ization'.

Noun + 立てる (tateru)

体系 + 立てる = 体系立てる (To systematize). Used as a compound verb.

Compound Nouns (No particle)

法 (Law) + 体系 (System) = 法体系 (Legal system). Nouns can be stacked directly.

Adverbial form 'ni'

体系的に学ぶ (To learn systematically). Adding 'ni' to 'taikeiteki' makes it an adverb.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

これは新しい体系です。

This is a new system.

Simple Noun + Desu structure.

体系を学びます。

I will learn the system.

Object marker 'wo' with the verb 'manabu' (to learn).

ルールには体系があります。

Rules have a system.

Using 'ni wa ... ga arimasu' to show existence.

体系は大切です。

The system is important.

Topic marker 'wa' used for a general statement.

この体系はいいですね。

This system is good, isn't it?

Adjective 'ii' modifying the noun phrase.

体系を見せてください。

Please show me the system.

Te-form + kudasai for a polite request.

体系を作りましょう。

Let's make a system.

Mashou form indicating a suggestion.

体系がわかりません。

I don't understand the system.

Negative form of 'wakarimasu' (to understand).

言葉の体系を勉強します。

I study the system of language.

Possessive 'no' connecting two nouns.

体系的な勉強が必要です。

Systematic study is necessary.

Adjectival form 'taikeiteki na' modifying 'benkyou'.

この本の体系はわかりやすいです。

The organization of this book is easy to understand.

Compound subject with 'no' and the 'yasui' (easy to) suffix.

体系を整理してください。

Please organize the system.

The verb 'seiri suru' means to organize or tidy up.

新しい体系を考えました。

I thought of a new system.

Past tense of 'kangaeru' (to think/consider).

社会の体系について話します。

I will talk about the system of society.

'Nitsuite' means 'about' or 'concerning'.

体系がバラバラです。

The system is falling apart / disjointed.

'Barabara' is an onomatopoeia for things being scattered.

体系を一つにまとめます。

I will gather the system into one.

'Matomeru' means to collect or unify.

日本の法体系を理解するのは難しい。

Understanding the Japanese legal system is difficult.

Nominalizing the verb 'rikai suru' with 'no'.

知識を体系立てて覚えることが大切だ。

It is important to memorize knowledge by organizing it into a system.

The verb 'taikeidateru' means to systematize.

会社の給与体系が変わりました。

The company's salary system has changed.

Polite past tense of 'kawaru' (to change).

彼は体系的なアプローチで問題を解決した。

He solved the problem with a systematic approach.

Using 'de' to indicate the means or method.

この科学理論はまだ体系化されていない。

This scientific theory has not been systematized yet.

The suffix '-ka' means '-ization', and '-sarete inai' is the negative passive continuous.

教育体系の抜本的な見直しが必要だ。

A fundamental review of the educational system is necessary.

'Bapponteki' means fundamental or radical.

その哲学者は巨大な思想体系を築き上げた。

That philosopher built up a massive system of thought.

The compound verb 'kizuki-ageru' means to build up or establish.

今の分類体系にはいくつかの問題がある。

There are several problems with the current classification system.

Using 'ni wa' to indicate the location of the problems.

この論文は、既存の知識体系に新たな視点を提供している。

This paper provides a new perspective to the existing system of knowledge.

'Kizon' means existing, and 'teikyou suru' means to provide.

経済体系のグローバル化が進んでいる。

The globalization of the economic system is progressing.

The verb 'susumu' indicates progress or advancement.

彼は、自身の理論を体系化することに一生を捧げた。

He dedicated his life to systematizing his own theory.

'Sasageru' means to dedicate or offer.

その組織は、命令体系が非常に明確である。

The organization has a very clear chain of command (command system).

'Meirei taikei' specifically refers to a chain of command.

価値体系の違いが、しばしば文化的な摩擦を引き起こす。

Differences in value systems often cause cultural friction.

'Kachi taikei' is a common phrase for 'system of values'.

政府は新しい税制体系の導入に向けて調整を続けている。

The government is continuing adjustments toward the introduction of a new tax system.

'Ni mukete' means 'toward' or 'aiming for'.

このソフトウェアの設計体系は、拡張性に優れている。

The design framework of this software is excellent in terms of scalability.

'Sugurete iru' means to be excellent or superior.

体系的な知識がなければ、この高度な議論にはついていけない。

Without systematic knowledge, you cannot keep up with this high-level discussion.

'Nakereba' is the conditional 'if not' form.

近代科学の体系は、観察と実験という二つの柱に基づいている。

The system of modern science is based on the two pillars of observation and experimentation.

'Motozuite iru' means 'to be based on'.

カントの批判哲学は、西洋思想の体系を根底から揺るがした。

Kant's critical philosophy shook the system of Western thought to its core.

'Kontei kara yurugasu' means to shake from the foundations.

言語体系としての日本語の特質を、通時的な視点から考察する。

We will examine the characteristics of Japanese as a language system from a diachronic perspective.

'Tsuujiteki' (diachronic) is a high-level linguistic term.

社会保障体系の持続可能性を確保するためには、抜本的な改革が不可避である。

To ensure the sustainability of the social security system, radical reform is inevitable.

'Fukahi' means unavoidable or inevitable.

その学説は、論理的な体系性を欠いているという批判を受けた。

That theory was criticized for lacking logical systematicity.

'-sei' added to 'taikei' creates the abstract noun 'systematicity'.

複雑系科学は、従来の還元主義的な体系では説明できない現象を扱う。

Complexity science deals with phenomena that cannot be explained by conventional reductionist systems.

'Kengen-shugiteki' means reductionist.

法体系の整合性を保つことは、法治国家における最優先事項である。

Maintaining the consistency of the legal system is the top priority in a constitutional state.

'Seigousei' means consistency or integrity.

彼は、森羅万象を一つの体系の中に位置づけようと試みた。

He attempted to position all things in the universe within a single system.

'Shinra-banshou' is a four-character idiom meaning 'all things in the universe'.

ヘーゲルの弁証法は、絶対精神の自己展開を記述する壮大な体系である。

Hegel's dialectic is a grand system that describes the self-unfolding of the Absolute Spirit.

Highly academic terminology: 'benshouhou' (dialectic), 'zettai seishin' (absolute spirit).

認識論的体系の崩壊は、真理の相対化という現代的な課題を突きつけている。

The collapse of epistemological systems presents the modern challenge of the relativization of truth.

'Ninshikiron-teki' (epistemological) and 'tsukitsukeru' (to confront with).

この著作は、資本主義の搾取体系を緻密な論理で解剖している。

This work dissects the exploitative system of capitalism with meticulous logic.

'Kaibou' (dissection) used metaphorically for analysis.

数理的な体系が現実世界に適用可能であるという事実は、驚異に値する。

The fact that mathematical systems are applicable to the real world is worthy of wonder.

'Kyoui ni atai suru' means to be worthy of wonder/marvel.

記号体系としての文化は、構成員によって常に再解釈され、変容し続ける。

Culture as a semiotic system is constantly reinterpreted and transformed by its members.

'Kigou taikei' (semiotic system) is a key term in structuralism.

パラダイム・シフトとは、科学的体系そのものが根本的に転換することを指す。

A paradigm shift refers to the fundamental transformation of the scientific system itself.

'Tenkan' means conversion or transformation.

法体系の不備を突くような巧妙な犯罪が、社会の安定を脅かしている。

Clever crimes that exploit loopholes (deficiencies) in the legal system are threatening social stability.

'Fubi wo tsuku' means to exploit a deficiency or loophole.

自己組織化する体系のダイナミズムを解明することが、現代科学のフロンティアである。

Elucidating the dynamism of self-organizing systems is the frontier of modern science.

'Jiko soshikika' (self-organization) is a complex scientific concept.

مترادف‌ها

システム組織機構構造

متضادها

無秩序混乱

ترکیب‌های رایج

体系を立てる

体系的な知識

知識体系

法体系

給与体系

価値体系

思想体系

分類体系

体系化する

体系を崩す

عبارات رایج

体系的に学ぶ

— To learn something in a structured, step-by-step, and comprehensive way. It implies starting from the basics and moving to advanced topics logically.

プログラミングを体系的に学ぶためのコース。

体系を整える

— To organize or arrange something into a proper system. Often used in business or academic writing.

社内規定の体系を整える必要がある。

体系をなす

— To form a system. Used when individual parts come together to create a unified whole.

これらの法則は、一つの体系をなしている。

法体系の整備

— The development or refinement of a legal system. A common phrase in political and legal news.

新興国では法体系の整備が急務だ。

知識の体系化

— The process of organizing knowledge into a systematic framework. Often discussed in the context of library science or AI.

AIによる知識の体系化が進んでいる。

給与体系の見直し

— Revising or reviewing the salary structure of a company. Very common in corporate HR contexts.

業績悪化に伴い、給与体系の見直しが行われた。

体系図

— A system chart or a diagram that shows the structure and relationships within a system.

組織の体系図を確認してください。

理論体系

— A theoretical system. A set of theories that work together to explain a phenomenon.

アインシュタインの理論体系は革命的だった。

体系的誤差

— Systematic error. A term used in statistics and science to describe consistent, non-random errors.

実験データに体系的誤差が含まれている可能性がある。

言語体系

— Language system. The entire structure of a language, including grammar, phonology, and vocabulary.

英語と日本語は、言語体系が大きく異なる。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

体系 vs 系統 (Keitou)

Keitou is for lineage or a single branch/line. Taikei is for the entire organized whole.

体系 vs 制度 (Seido)

Seido is for social institutions and rules. Taikei is for the logical structure.

体系 vs 組織 (Soshiki)

Soshiki is the organization (people). Taikei is the system (structure).

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"体系を立てる"

— To organize something logically from the ground up. It implies creating a framework where none existed.

彼は混乱した情報を体系立てるのが得意だ。

Formal

"体系に組み込む"

— To incorporate something into an existing system. It suggests that the new part fits perfectly into the whole.

新発見を既存の科学体系に組み込む。

Formal

"体系を覆す"

— To overturn an established system. Often used in science or philosophy when a new discovery makes old systems obsolete.

その発見は、これまでの医学体系を覆すものだった。

Formal

"体系を成す"

— To constitute a system. Used when parts are so well-integrated that they function as a single unit.

彼の作品群は、それ自体で一つの宇宙的な体系を成している。

Literary

"体系的な網羅"

— Systematic coverage. Covering every single part of a topic in an organized way.

この事典は、歴史的事実を体系的に網羅している。

Academic

"体系の不備"

— A deficiency or flaw in the system. Often used to describe loopholes in laws or gaps in scientific theories.

法体系の不備が、今回の事件を招いた。

Formal

"体系の再構築"

— The restructuring of a system. Tearing down an old system to build a better one.

教育体系の再構築が、国の将来を左右する。

Formal

"体系を維持する"

— To maintain the integrity and order of a system.

社会の安定のためには、法体系を維持することが不可欠だ。

Formal

"体系を統合する"

— To integrate or merge multiple systems into one.

二つの異なる管理体系を統合するのは難しい作業だ。

Business

"体系から外れる"

— To fall outside of the system. Used for things that don't fit into the organized framework.

その事象は、現在の科学体系から外れている。

Formal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

体系 vs システム (Shisutemu)

Both mean 'system' in English.

Shisutemu is for technology and mechanics. Taikei is for abstract, logical structures.

コンピュータシステム (Computer system) vs 知識体系 (Knowledge system).

体系 vs 構造 (Kouzou)

Both deal with how things are put together.

Kouzou is 'structure' (physical or conceptual arrangement). Taikei is the 'system' as a unified whole.

建物の構造 (Structure of a building) vs 法体系 (Legal system).

体系 vs 枠組み (Wakugumi)

Both refer to an organizational concept.

Wakugumi is the 'framework' or 'outline.' Taikei is the complete, detailed system.

研究の枠組み (Research framework) vs 思想体系 (System of thought).

体系 vs 仕組み (Shikumi)

Both describe how things are organized.

Shikumi is casual and refers to a mechanism or 'how it works.' Taikei is formal and comprehensive.

商売の仕組み (Mechanism of business) vs 経済体系 (Economic system).

体系 vs 秩序 (Chitsujo)

Both imply order.

Chitsujo is 'order' or 'discipline' (lack of chaos). Taikei is the 'structure' that creates that order.

社会の秩序 (Social order) vs 社会体系 (Social system).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun]の体系を学ぶ

言語の体系を学ぶ。(Learn the system of language.)

体系的に[Verb]

体系的に整理する。(Organize systematically.)

[Noun]体系を見直す

給与体系を見直す。(Review the salary system.)

体系を立てて[Verb]

体系を立てて説明する。(Explain in a systematic way.)

[Noun]体系の抜本的改革

法体系の抜本的改革。(Radical reform of the legal system.)

体系化された[Noun]

体系化された理論。(A systematized theory.)

体系の整合性を問う

体系の整合性を問う。(Question the consistency of the system.)

体系に組み込まれる

既存の体系に組み込まれる。(To be incorporated into the existing system.)

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

体系 (system)

体系性 (systematicity)

体系化 (systematization)

体系図 (system chart)

فعل‌ها

体系化する (to systematize)

体系立てる (to organize into a system)

صفت‌ها

体系的 (systematic)

مرتبط

系統 (lineage/line)

制度 (institution)

構造 (structure)

組織 (organization)

論理 (logic)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in written Japanese, academic texts, and professional reports. Medium in daily conversation.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 体系 for a computer system. → システム (shisutemu)
体系 refers to abstract logical structures, while システム is for technical or mechanical ones.
Using 体系 when you mean a group of people. → 組織 (soshiki)
体系 is the system/framework; 組織 is the organization/group of people.
Confusing 体系 with 体型 (body shape). → 体系 (system)
They are homophones. Make sure you use the correct kanji for 'system' (体系) vs 'body type' (体型).
Using 体系 for a social institution like marriage. → 制度 (seido)
Social institutions and established rules are called 制度, not 体系.
Using 体系 for a simple list of rules. → 規則 (kisoku) or ルール (ruuru)
体系 implies a large, comprehensive, and logically integrated system, not just a few rules.

نکات

When to Choose Taikei

Choose 'taikei' when you are describing a complex, abstract whole that has been logically organized. It's the 'big picture' word for structures of thought or law.

Common Compounds

Memorize 'hou-taikei' (legal system) and 'chishiki-taikei' (knowledge system). These are the most frequent pairings and will make your writing sound more advanced.

Using -teki

Turn 'taikei' into an adjective by adding '-teki'. 'Taikeiteki na' is a great way to describe a methodical person or a well-organized plan.

Context Clues

In the news, 'taikei' often appears with words like 'kaikaiku' (reform) or 'minaoshi' (review). This tells you they are talking about structural changes.

Homophone Alert

Don't confuse 体系 (system) with 体型 (body shape). They sound the same (taikei) but have very different meanings. Context usually makes it clear.

Systematic Learning

Use the phrase 'taikeiteki ni manabu' to describe your goal for Japanese. It shows you are serious about building a strong foundation.

The Value of Order

Understanding 'taikei' helps you appreciate the Japanese emphasis on order and logical structure in everything from law to traditional arts.

Corporate Structure

In a Japanese office, you might hear 'kyuuyo taikei' (salary system). Knowing this word helps you understand discussions about HR and company policy.

Professional Tone

Using 'taikei' instead of 'shisutemu' in a presentation can instantly make you sound more professional and intellectual.

Body + Thread

Remember the kanji: 体 (body) + 系 (thread/lineage). A system is a body held together by a logical thread.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'Body' (体) and a 'Chain' (系). A system is like a body where all the parts are chained together in a logical order. If you break the chain, the body can't function.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a skeleton. The skeleton is the 体系 (taikei) of the human body. Every bone has a place, and they are all connected to form a whole structure.

شبکه واژگان

Law Knowledge Structure Logic Hierarchy Systematic Framework Organization

چالش

Try to describe your current Japanese study plan using the word 'taikeiteki' (systematically). For example: 'I am learning kanji and grammar taikeiteki ni.'

ریشه کلمه

The word is composed of two kanji characters: 体 (tai) and 系 (kei). It entered the Japanese language through classical Chinese but gained its modern abstract meaning during the Meiji era as a translation for Western philosophical and scientific concepts of 'system.'

معنای اصلی: Originally, 体 referred to the physical body or substance, and 系 referred to a thread, lineage, or connection. Together, they implied a 'connected body' or a 'lineage of substance.'

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, but using 'taikei' in casual settings can make you sound overly stiff or 'academic.' Use 'shisutemu' or 'ruuru' with friends.

English speakers often use 'system' for everything. In Japanese, you must distinguish between 'taikei' (abstract structure) and 'shisutemu' (technical/functional).

The 'Japanese Legal System' (Nihon no Hou-taikei) is a frequent subject of academic study. Philosophical works by Nishida Kitaro often discuss the 'system' of thought. Business books on 'Salary Systems' (Kyuuyo Taikei) are bestsellers in Japan.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

University / Academic

知識体系の構築
体系的な研究
理論体系の批判
学問体系

Legal / Government

法体系の整備
税制体系の改革
社会保障体系
命令体系

Business / HR

給与体系の見直し
評価体系の導入
組織体系の変更
運営体系

Science / Biology

分類体系の確立
宇宙の体系
生態系の体系
技術体系

Self-Improvement / Learning

体系的に学ぶ
スキル体系
学習体系の確立
知識の体系化

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"日本の教育体系についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about the Japanese educational system?)"

"新しいスキルを学ぶとき、体系的に勉強するタイプですか？ (Are you the type of person who studies systematically when learning a new skill?)"

"あなたの会社の給与体系は公平だと思いますか？ (Do you think your company's salary system is fair?)"

"この本の知識体系は非常に分かりやすいですね。 (The knowledge system of this book is very easy to understand, isn't it?)"

"法体系の違いがビジネスにどう影響するでしょうか？ (How do differences in legal systems affect business?)"

موضوعات نگارش

自分が持っている知識を体系化するとしたら、どのようなカテゴリーに分けますか？ (If you were to systematize the knowledge you have, into what categories would you divide it?)

現代の社会体系において、改善すべき点はどこだと思いますか？ (In modern social systems, what points do you think should be improved?)

これまでに「体系的に学んでよかった」と思った経験を書いてください。 (Write about an experience where you felt 'I'm glad I learned this systematically.')

あなたの理想的な価値体系（大切にしている価値観の構造）について述べてください。 (Describe your ideal value system—the structure of values you hold dear.)

新しい言語を学ぶ際、その言語体系のどこが一番難しいと感じますか？ (When learning a new language, which part of its language system do you find the most difficult?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Generally, no. For computer systems, use 'shisutemu' (システム). 'Taikei' is used for abstract logical structures like knowledge or law. However, you might use 'gijutsu taikei' to refer to a broad technological framework.

'Taikeiteki' means systematic, focusing on the logical structure. 'Keikakuteki' means planned, focusing on the timeline and steps. You can study 'taikeiteki' (starting from basics) and 'keikakuteki' (studying 1 hour every day).

Yes, but mostly in formal contexts. You'll see it in newspapers, textbooks, and business documents. It's less common in casual chats with friends unless you're discussing something serious like politics or study methods.

You can use 'taikeika suru' (体系化する) or 'taikeidateru' (体系立てる). Both are common in formal writing and professional speech.

No. The word for body type is 'taikei', but it's written with different kanji: 体型. They are homophones, so be careful when typing!

It refers to the 'legal system' of a country. It includes the constitution, laws, regulations, and how they all relate to each other in a hierarchy.

Yes, specifically for classification systems (bunrui taikei), such as how animals are grouped into kingdoms, phyla, and species.

It means 'systematic error' in statistics or science. It refers to an error that is not random but consistently occurs due to a flaw in the system or equipment.

You can use 'kyouiku taikei' for the educational system/curriculum, but for the specific rules students must follow, 'kouroku' (school rules) or 'kisoku' (regulations) is more common.

'Soshiki' is the organization itself (the people and the entity). 'Taikei' is the system or structure within that organization. You belong to a 'soshiki', but you follow its 'un-you taikei' (operational system).

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