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B1 verb #2,500 پرکاربردترین 4 دقیقه مطالعه

緊張する

At the A1 level, you can use '緊張する' as a simple phrase to express how you feel. It's like saying 'I am nervous.' You don't need complex grammar. Just remember the basic form: 'Kinjou shimasu' (polite) or 'Kinjou suru' (casual). You might use it when meeting a Japanese person for the first time. It's a very useful 'survival' word to explain why you might be speaking slowly or making mistakes.
At A2, you start connecting '緊張する' to reasons using 'kara' (because) or 'node'. For example, 'Shiken desu kara, kinjou shimasu' (Because it's an exam, I'm nervous). You also learn the past tense 'kinjou shimashita' to talk about events that already happened. You can use simple adverbs like 'totemo' (very) to show the degree of your feeling.
At the B1 level, you use '緊張する' to describe more complex situations. You can use the ~te form to link it to consequences: 'Kinjou shite, nemuremasen deshita' (I was nervous and couldn't sleep). You also begin to understand the difference between this and 'shinpai suru' (to worry). You can use it in workplace contexts, like during a job interview or a presentation.
At B2, you should be comfortable with the noun form '緊張' (tension) and its various compounds. You can discuss 'kinjou-kan' (a sense of tension) in a room or 'kinjou wo hogusu' (to ease the tension). You understand the nuance of tension in social systems or international relations, not just personal feelings. You can use more sophisticated adverbs like 'tekido ni' (appropriately/moderately).
At C1, you use '緊張' in abstract and literary contexts. You might describe the 'kinjou-kankei' (tense relationship) between two political parties or the 'kinjou no ito' (the thread of tension) in a novel. You can use the causative-passive 'kinjou saserareru' (to be made to feel nervous) and understand the psychological implications of chronic tension in modern society.
At the C2 level, you possess a near-native grasp of the word's etymology and its place in Japanese sociology. You can analyze how 'kinjou' functions as a social lubricant or a barrier in high-context communication. You use it fluently in academic writing, legal contexts (e.g., tension in a courtroom), and high-level diplomatic discourse without hesitation.
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

緊張する در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Expresses nervousness or physical/mental tension.
  • Commonly used for exams, speeches, and interviews.
  • Can describe both personal feelings and political situations.
  • Often seen as a sign of taking a situation seriously.

The term 緊張する (kinjou suru) is a cornerstone of Japanese emotional expression, primarily describing the physiological and psychological state of being nervous, tense, or under pressure. Unlike simple 'worry' (shinpai), kinjou specifically targets the physical sensation of tightness in the chest, sweaty palms, or a racing heart that occurs before a significant event. It is a Suru-verb, combining the noun 緊張 (tension/strain) with the verb する (to do).

Physical Manifestation
Refers to muscles tightening or the body becoming rigid due to stress.
Psychological State
The mental focus and anxiety associated with high-stakes performance.
Social Context
Commonly used in formal introductions, exams, or public speaking.

「面接の前は、誰でも緊張するものです。」 (Everyone gets nervous before an interview.)

In a broader sense, kinjou isn't always negative. In Japanese culture, a certain level of tension is seen as necessary for focus and respect toward the task at hand. If you are 'too relaxed' (relax-shisugi), you might be seen as lacking 'kiai' (fighting spirit). Therefore, admitting you are nervous often signals to others that you take the situation seriously.

「試合が始まると、緊張が解けた。」 (Once the match started, the tension broke/dissipated.)

Kanj Breakdown
緊 (Kin) means tight or urgent; 張 (Jou) means to stretch or expand. Together: 'Stretched tight'.

「緊張感のある会議でした。」 (It was a meeting filled with a sense of tension.)

Using 緊張する correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as a Suru-verb. It can describe a temporary state, a recurring habit, or a past experience. Because it is an intransitive verb (it happens to you), you don't 'nervous' someone else; you simply 'become nervous'.

  • Present Tense: 緊張する (I get nervous / I will get nervous).
  • Continuous: 緊張している (I am currently nervous).
  • Past: 緊張した (I was nervous).
  • Negative: 緊張しない (I don't get nervous).

「あまり緊張しないでください。」 (Please don't be so nervous.)

When you want to describe the *cause* of your nervousness, you use the particle 'de' (で) or 'ni' (に) depending on the context. Usually, 'de' marks the situation. For example, 'shiken de kinjou suru' (to get nervous at/because of the exam).

Common Adverbs
すごく (very), 全然 (not at all - with negative), 適度に (moderately).

「初めてのデートで、緊張してうまく話せなかった。」 (I was so nervous on my first date that I couldn't speak well.)

You will encounter 緊張する in almost every facet of Japanese life, from the classroom to the boardroom. It is a high-frequency word because Japanese social etiquette often involves high-pressure situations where performance and politeness are scrutinized.

In Anime/Drama
Characters often say 'Kinjou shite kita...' (I'm starting to get nervous) before a confession or a big battle.
In Business
Used when meeting new clients or giving presentations. It shows humility.
In Sports
Athletes describe the 'kinjou-kan' (sense of tension) in the stadium.

「あー、緊張する！心臓がバクバクしてる。」 (Ah, I'm so nervous! My heart is pounding.)

News reports also use the noun form 緊張 to describe international relations. For example, 'kokusai jousei no kinjou' (international situational tension). In this context, it isn't about 'butterflies in the stomach' but rather the threat of conflict.

The most common mistake for English speakers is confusing 緊張する with 心配する (shinpai suru). While both involve a level of anxiety, they are not interchangeable.

Mistake 1: Using Shinpai for Performance
Saying 'I'm shinpai' before a speech sounds like you are worried something bad will happen to the building, rather than you being personally nervous to speak.
Mistake 2: Transitive Usage
You cannot 'kinjou' someone else. You must use 'kinjou saseru' (to make someone nervous).

❌ 「彼を緊張した。」 (Incorrect)
✅ 「彼を緊張させた。」 (I made him nervous.)

Another error is overusing it for simple fear. If you are afraid of a spider, you use 'kowai', not 'kinjou suru'. Kinjou requires a context of performance or social pressure.

Japanese has many onomatopoeic and formal words that overlap with 緊張する. Choosing the right one depends on how 'academic' or 'casual' you want to be.

ドキドキする (Doki Doki)
Onomatopoeia for a pounding heart. Can be nervousness OR excitement (like love).
あがる (Agaru)
Literally 'to go up'. Used specifically for stage fright or 'freezing up' in public.
ビビる (Bibiru)
Slang. To get cold feet, to be 'spooked' or intimidated.

「大勢の前であがってしまった。」 (I got stage fright in front of a large crowd.)

While 緊張する is the standard, safe choice for all CEFR levels, using 'agaru' shows a more native-like grasp of specific performance anxiety.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

""

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

とても緊張します。

I am very nervous.

Polite present tense.

2

緊張する？

Are you nervous?

Casual question.

3

緊張しないで。

Don't be nervous.

Negative request.

4

私は緊張しています。

I am (currently) nervous.

Continuous state.

5

昨日、緊張しました。

I was nervous yesterday.

Past tense.

6

緊張はよくないです。

Nervousness is not good.

Noun usage.

7

少し緊張する。

I'm a little nervous.

Casual with adverb.

8

あ、緊張した！

Oh, I got nervous!

Past tense exclamation.

1

テストだから緊張する。

I'm nervous because of the test.

Reason + kara.

2

緊張して、食べられません。

I'm so nervous I can't eat.

~te form for cause.

3

あまり緊張しないでください。

Please don't be too nervous.

Polite negative request.

4

緊張すると、顔が赤くなります。

When I get nervous, my face turns red.

~to (whenever) conditional.

5

初めての旅行で緊張しました。

I was nervous on my first trip.

Noun + de (reason).

6

全然緊張しませんでした。

I wasn't nervous at all.

Negative past tense.

7

緊張したけど、楽しかったです。

I was nervous, but it was fun.

Conjunction 'kedo'.

8

もっと緊張感を持ってください。

Please have more of a sense of tension (focus).

Noun compound.

1

人前で話すのは、誰でも緊張するものです。

Speaking in public is something everyone gets nervous about.

~mono desu (general truth).

2

緊張しすぎて、頭が真っ白になった。

I was so nervous my mind went blank.

~sugiru (too much).

3

適度な緊張は、パフォーマンスを上げます。

A moderate amount of tension improves performance.

Adjective + Noun.

4

緊張をほぐすために、深呼吸しましょう。

Let's take a deep breath to ease the tension.

Tame ni (purpose).

5

面接官が怖くて、すごく緊張した。

The interviewer was scary, so I was very nervous.

Adjective ~te form cause.

6

緊張が伝わってきました。

Your nervousness was palpable (conveyed to me).

Intransitive verb 'tsutawaru'.

7

緊張しないように、練習しました。

I practiced so that I wouldn't get nervous.

~youni (in order to).

8

彼は緊張に強いタイプだ。

He is the type who handles tension well.

Noun + ni tsuyoi (strong against).

1

会場には独特の緊張感が漂っていた。

A unique sense of tension drifted through the venue.

Literary verb 'tadayou'.

2

緊張のあまり、足が震えてしまった。

I was so nervous that my legs started shaking.

~no amari (due to excess of).

3

この仕事は、常に緊張を強いられる。

This job constantly forces tension upon you.

Passive voice 'shiirareru'.

4

緊張を和らげる方法を知りたい。

I want to know ways to soften/relieve tension.

Transitive verb 'yawarageru'.

5

張り詰めた緊張の糸が切れた。

The taut thread of tension finally snapped.

Metaphorical expression.

6

緊張の瞬間、静寂が訪れた。

At the moment of tension, silence fell.

Noun + no + Noun.

7

彼は緊張を隠そうとしていた。

He was trying to hide his nervousness.

Volitional + to suru.

8

緊張感の欠如が失敗を招いた。

A lack of tension (focus) led to the failure.

Formal compound 'kejo'.

1

両国間の緊張が高まっている。

Tensions between the two countries are rising.

Political context.

2

極度の緊張状態で、判断を誤った。

In a state of extreme tension, I made a misjudgment.

Compound 'kyokudo'.

3

緊張を緩和するための外交努力が続く。

Diplomatic efforts to ease tension continue.

Formal verb 'kanwa'.

4

彼の演奏には、心地よい緊張感がある。

There is a pleasant sense of tension in his performance.

Positive nuance of tension.

5

精神的な緊張が身体に悪影響を及ぼす。

Mental tension has a negative effect on the body.

Academic phrasing.

6

緊張の極致に達した。

It reached the pinnacle of tension.

Formal noun 'kyokuchi'.

7

沈黙が緊張をさらに煽った。

The silence further fueled the tension.

Verb 'aoru' (to fan/fuel).

8

緊張緩和策が功を奏した。

The measures to ease tension were successful.

Idiomatic 'kou wo sousu'.

1

地政学的な緊張が市場に影を落としている。

Geopolitical tensions are casting a shadow over the market.

High-level financial Japanese.

2

その場の緊張を一身に背負う。

To take all the tension of the place upon oneself.

Idiomatic 'isshin ni seou'.

3

緊張と緩和の絶妙なバランス。

An exquisite balance of tension and release.

Aesthetic analysis.

4

冷戦期の緊張状態を彷彿とさせる。

It is reminiscent of the state of tension during the Cold War.

Verb 'houfutsu saseru'.

5

緊張が臨界点に達しようとしている。

The tension is about to reach its critical point.

Scientific metaphor.

6

自己の緊張を客観視することが重要だ。

It is important to view one's own tension objectively.

Psychological terminology.

7

緊張を強いられる環境下での意思決定。

Decision-making under an environment where tension is forced.

Complex noun modification.

8

その言説は社会的な緊張を惹起しかねない。

That discourse could potentially trigger social tension.

Formal verb 'jakki' and 'kanenai'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

緊張が走る
緊張をほぐす
緊張が高まる
緊張が解ける
緊張を和らげる
緊張を強いられる
緊張のあまり
適度な緊張
極度の緊張
緊張感がある

عبارات رایج

緊張しています

緊張するな

緊張の瞬間

緊張を隠せない

緊張で震える

緊張がピークに達する

緊張の連続

緊張を味方につける

緊張感に包まれる

緊張を解く

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

緊張する vs 心配する

Shinpai is about worrying about the future; Kinjou is the current state of tension.

緊張する vs 不安

Fuan is a general feeling of unease; Kinjou is specific to a moment or task.

緊張する vs 怖い

Kowai is fear; Kinjou is pressure.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

""

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""

""

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به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

緊張する vs

緊張する vs

緊張する vs

緊張する vs

緊張する vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

نحوه استفاده

nuance

Kinjou is more 'physical tension' than 'mental worry'.

formality

Highly versatile across all levels of formality.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Confusing kinjou (tension) with kinjo (neighborhood).
  • Using 'shinpai' when you mean stage fright.
  • Forgetting the 'u' at the end of 'kinjou'.
  • Trying to use it as an 'i-adjective' (e.g., kinjoui - incorrect).
  • Using 'wo' instead of 'ni/de' for the cause.

نکات

Use with 'Amari'

When you are extremely nervous, say 'Kinjou no amari...' followed by what happened (e.g., I forgot my name).

The 'Person' Kanji Trick

A common Japanese superstition to cure nervousness is to write the kanji for 'person' (人) on your palm and 'swallow' it three times.

State vs Action

Use 'kinjou shite iru' for the state of being nervous right now, and 'kinjou suru' for the general tendency.

Deep Breaths

Before saying 'kinjou shimasu', take a breath. It makes the expression more authentic.

Kanji Accuracy

Ensure the 'stretch' part of the second kanji (張) has the 'bow' radical on the left.

Noun Compounds

Learn 'kinjou-kan' (sense of tension) early; it's very common in descriptions.

Tone Matters

A high-pitched 'kinjou suru!' often implies a mix of excitement and nerves.

Empathy

If someone says they are nervous, reply with 'Daijoubu desu yo' (It's okay) to be supportive.

Opposites

Learn 'relax' (rirakkusu) alongside 'kinjou' to remember the contrast.

JLPT Context

Expect this word in the 'Listening' section where characters discuss their feelings before a task.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

Derived from classical Chinese, referring to the tightening of a bowstring.

بافت فرهنگی

Confessing love (kokuhaku) is the peak 'kinjou' moment in youth culture.

Silence in a meeting can create 'kinjou-kan', which is used to prompt deeper thinking.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"最近、いつ緊張しましたか？"

"緊張をほぐすために何をしますか？"

"面接で緊張しないコツはありますか？"

"人前で話すとき、緊張しますか？"

"緊張感のある映画は好きですか？"

موضوعات نگارش

Describe a time you were extremely nervous.

How does your body feel when you 'kinjou suru'?

Write about a 'kinjou-kan' you felt in a specific place.

Is tension necessary for success? Why or why not?

Compare 'kinjou' and 'shinpai' in your own words.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Usually no. Use 'waku waku' or 'doki doki' for positive excitement. Kinjou is specifically about tension/pressure.

Yes, it's very common and shows you are serious about the position. It can break the ice.

Stress is a long-term burden; Kinjou is usually a short-term state of tension.

Use the causative form: 'Kare wo kinjou saseta'.

No, it is a noun (緊張) that becomes a verb by adding する.

It means 'tension ran through (the room/crowd)', like a sudden chill or realization.

Yes, 'kinniku no kinjou' refers to muscle tension.

Agaru is specifically for stage fright (freezing up). Kinjou is broader.

Zenzen kinjou shite imasen.

In political contexts, 'kinpaku' (緊迫) is used for extreme, imminent tension.

خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال

/ 180 درست

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