At the A1 level, you can think of 信頼 (Shinrai) as a very strong version of 'I like' or 'I believe.' While the word itself is a bit advanced for absolute beginners, you will encounter it in simple sentences like 'I trust my friend' (友達を信頼しています). At this stage, just remember that it's a word used for people you really count on. It's like having a 'best friend' feeling. You don't need to worry about the complex difference between 'Shinrai' and 'Shinyou' yet. Just know that when you see these kanji, it means someone is a 'good person' that you can rely on. Imagine a child holding their parent's hand—that feeling of safety is what this word is about. In simple Japanese, we often use 'shinjiru' (to believe), but 'shinrai' is the noun form you'll see in books and signs. Focus on the pattern: [Person] + を + 信頼しています.
At the A2 level, you start to see 信頼 (Shinrai) in more practical contexts, like talking about your favorite brands or a reliable teacher. You might learn the phrase '信頼できる' (shinrai dekiru), which means 'trustworthy' or 'can trust.' For example, 'この辞書は信頼できる' (This dictionary is reliable). You are beginning to move beyond just 'feelings' and into 'reliability.' You'll notice it in simple news stories or classroom settings. It's important to start noticing that we use this word for things that don't let us down. If a car always starts in the morning, it's 'shinrai dekiru.' If a friend always keeps their promises, they are 'shinrai dekiru.' You might also see the word '信頼関係' (shinrai kankei - trust relationship) in basic social studies or ethics lessons. Try to use it when you want to explain *why* you like a certain service or person.
By B1, you should understand the distinction between 信頼 (Shinrai) and 信用 (Shinyou). This is a common point in intermediate Japanese exams. Remember: 'Shinyou' is like a credit score—it's based on what you've done in the past. 'Shinrai' is more about the future—it's a deep belief in someone's character. At this level, you will use it in business Japanese to talk about 'building trust' (信頼を築く - shinrai o kizuku). You'll also encounter it in more complex grammar, like '信頼を得る' (to gain trust) or '信頼を裏切る' (to betray trust). You should be able to discuss the importance of trust in a team or a friendship. You will also see it in compound words like '信頼性' (shinraisei - reliability/credibility), which is often used when discussing technology or data. This is the level where you start using the word to describe abstract concepts, not just people.
At the B2 level, you are expected to use 信頼 (Shinrai) in professional and academic discussions. You will understand its role in Japanese corporate culture, such as the concept of 'long-term trust' over 'short-term profit.' You'll be able to use nuanced expressions like '信頼を寄せる' (to place trust in) or '厚い信頼' (deep/thick trust). You can analyze how trust is lost in political scandals or environmental issues. You'll also encounter the word in psychological contexts, such as 'attachment theory' or 'social capital.' At this stage, you should be comfortable using the word in both its noun and verb forms in formal writing. You might write an essay on how 'Shinrai' is the foundation of a harmonious society. You'll also notice it in literature, where the betrayal of trust is a common theme. Your understanding should include the social obligations (Giri) that come with being trusted by others.
At the C1 level, your understanding of 信頼 (Shinrai) should be deeply nuanced, encompassing its philosophical and sociological implications. You can discuss the 'erosion of trust' (信頼の侵食) in the digital age or the 'asymmetry of trust' in power dynamics. You'll be familiar with formal and literary synonyms like '信託' (shintaku - trust/mandate) or '信義' (shingi - faith/fidelity). You can use the word in sophisticated rhetorical structures, such as '信頼に足る' (worthy of trust) or '信頼を損なう' (to damage trust). You understand how trust functions as a 'social lubricant' in the Japanese economy. You should be able to read and critique academic papers or editorials that use 'Shinrai' as a key variable in social cohesion. Your usage should reflect an awareness of the subtle differences between 'personal trust' and 'systemic trust.' You can also use the word metaphorically in creative writing or high-level debate.
At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 信頼 (Shinrai), including its historical evolution and its place in Japanese thought. You can discuss the concept of 'Shinrai' in relation to Confucian ethics or modern game theory (like the Prisoner's Dilemma). You are sensitive to the rhythmic and stylistic choices of using 'Shinrai' versus more archaic or hyper-formal terms in classical literature or legal documents. You can navigate the most delicate social situations where trust is implied but not stated, understanding the 'Kuuki' (atmosphere) of trust. You can use the word in complex idiomatic expressions and understand its role in the 'Amae' (dependence) structure of Japanese psychology. At this level, 'Shinrai' is not just a vocabulary word; it's a lens through which you can analyze and articulate the complexities of human nature and social structures in a Japanese context. You can write professional-grade analyses on the 'crisis of trust' in modern institutions with perfect register and nuance.

信頼 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Shinrai means deep trust and reliance on someone's character.
  • It is future-oriented, unlike 'Shinyou' which is based on past credit.
  • Commonly used in phrases like 'Shinrai kankei' (trust relationship).
  • Essential for both personal friendships and professional business partnerships.

The Japanese term 信頼 (Shinrai) represents one of the most fundamental pillars of human interaction and social cohesion in Japanese culture. At its core, it refers to the act of placing trust, reliance, or confidence in someone or something. Unlike mere belief, 信頼 implies a deep-seated expectation that the other party will act with integrity, consistency, and competence over a sustained period. It is the glue that holds relationships, businesses, and society together. When you have 信頼 in a person, you are essentially saying that you believe in their character and their future actions based on their past behavior and your shared bond.

Etymological Root
The first character '信' (shin) means to believe or trust, while '頼' (rai) means to request or rely upon. Together, they form a concept of 'believing enough to rely on.'
Social Weight
In Japan, building 信頼 is often considered more important than signing a contract. It is the result of 'sumikasane' (accumulation) of small, honest acts.
Emotional Resonance
It carries a warmth that 'credit' (信用) lacks; it is personal and reciprocal.
"彼との間には、長年の付き合いで築いた強い信頼関係がある。" (Between him and me, there is a strong relationship of trust built over many years of association.)
— Example of relational trust

To understand 信頼, one must look at the concept of 'Giri' (social obligation) and 'Ninjo' (human feeling). Trust is not just a choice; it is a commitment. In a professional setting, 信頼 is the currency that allows for smooth operations without constant oversight. It is the belief that a colleague will meet a deadline not just because they have to, but because they value the relationship and the shared goal. This word is ubiquitous in Japanese media, from political speeches promising to 'restore trust' to advertisements for long-standing brands that have earned the 'trust of the nation.'

"このブランドは、品質の高さで消費者の信頼を得ている。" (This brand has gained the trust of consumers through its high quality.)

In summary, 信頼 is more than a word; it is a psychological state of security. It is the feeling of being able to lean on someone without the fear that they will move away. It is the foundation of the 'Uchi-Soto' (Inside-Outside) dynamic, where those within the circle of trust are treated with the utmost care and transparency. Without 信頼, the intricate social machinery of Japan would cease to function efficiently.

Using 信頼 (Shinrai) correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as both a noun and a 'suru' verb. It is most commonly paired with verbs that describe the movement of trust—building it, gaining it, losing it, or betraying it. Because it is a formal and heavy word, it is often used in contexts where the stakes are high, such as in business, deep friendships, or institutional loyalty.

1. As a Noun with Particles
You often see 信頼を築く (shinrai o kizuku) meaning 'to build trust.' The verb 'kizuku' (to build/construct) implies that trust is a structure that takes time and effort to create, brick by brick.
2. As a Suru-Verb
When used as 信頼する (shinrai suru), it means 'to trust' or 'to rely on.' For example: '私は彼を信頼している' (I trust him). Note the use of the continuous form '~te iru' to indicate an ongoing state of trust.
3. In Compound Nouns
The most common compound is 信頼関係 (shinrai kankei), which means 'a relationship of trust.' This is a standard phrase in both business and personal life.

Common Collocation:

信頼を裏切る (Shinrai o uragiru)

To betray trust. This is a very strong expression used when a deep bond is broken.

When you want to say someone is 'trustworthy,' you use the adjective 信頼できる (shinrai dekiru), which literally translates to 'can trust.' For instance, '信頼できるリーダー' (a trustworthy leader). In business emails, you might see '信頼を寄せる' (shinrai o yoseru), which is a more formal way of saying 'to place one's trust in.'

In formal speeches, you might hear the phrase 信頼に応える (shinrai ni kotaeru), which means 'to live up to expectations/trust.' This is a common sentiment expressed by politicians or CEOs when they are appointed to a new position. It shows a sense of responsibility toward those who have placed their faith in them.

You will encounter 信頼 (Shinrai) in a variety of settings, ranging from the highly formal to the deeply personal. Because trust is a central theme in Japanese storytelling and corporate philosophy, the word appears frequently in media and daily discourse.

Business & Corporate

In corporate mission statements (社是 - shaze), companies often emphasize 'gaining the trust of society.' You'll hear it in meetings when discussing long-term partnerships.

News & Politics

When a scandal occurs, news anchors will talk about the 'loss of trust' (信頼の失墜 - shinrai no shittsui). Politicians often promise to 'recover trust' (信頼回復 - shinrai kaifuku).

Anime & Drama

In shonen anime, the 'power of friendship' is often articulated as 'absolute trust' (絶対的な信頼). Characters will say 'I trust you' (お前を信頼している) before a critical moment.

Advertisements

Brands use phrases like 'Trust and Achievement' (信頼と実績) to convince customers that their long history makes them a safe choice.

Typical Dialogue

"お客様との信頼関係を第一に考えております。"

(We consider the relationship of trust with our customers to be our top priority.)

In daily life, you might hear it when a friend is talking about a reliable doctor or a mechanic. 'あの先生は信頼できる' (That doctor is trustworthy). It is also common in psychological contexts, such as discussing 'self-trust' (自分への信頼) or 'interpersonal trust' (対人信頼). The word carries a sense of stability and safety that is highly valued in a society that prioritizes harmony (Wa).

The most frequent mistake learners make with 信頼 (Shinrai) is confusing it with its close cousin, 信用 (Shinyou). While both are translated as 'trust' or 'confidence' in English, their nuances in Japanese are distinct and crucial for natural communication.

Feature信頼 (Shinrai)信用 (Shinyou)
BasisCharacter, personality, future potential.Past achievements, data, collateral.
ContextPersonal bonds, long-term partnership.Banking, credit, objective evaluation.
English EquivalentTrust / RelianceCredit / Confidence

Think of it this way: You give a bank 信用 (credit) based on your income history. You give a friend 信頼 (trust) because you believe in who they are. If you use 信用 for a close friend, it might sound a bit cold or transactional, as if you are only trusting them because they have a good track record of paying you back.

Another mistake is the particle usage. When you trust *someone*, you use the particle (o) or (ni) depending on the nuance. 彼を信頼する focuses on him as the object of your trust. 彼に信頼を置く (placing trust in him) is more formal. Using (ga) here is usually a mistake unless you are identifying *who* is doing the trusting in a specific sentence structure.

To truly master 信頼 (Shinrai), it helps to see where it sits in the constellation of related Japanese terms. Each of these words touches on 'belief' or 'reliance' but carries a different flavor.

1. 信用 (Shinyou)
As discussed, this is 'credit.' It is based on objective facts and past performance. In business, 'Shinyou' is what gets you a loan; 'Shinrai' is what gets you a partnership.
2. 依存 (Izon)
This means 'dependence' or 'reliance' in a more physical or psychological sense. While 信頼 is healthy, 依存 often implies a lack of independence or even addiction.
3. 確信 (Kakushin)
This means 'conviction' or 'firm belief.' It is more internal and intellectual. You have 確信 that your theory is correct; you have 信頼 that your partner will support you.
4. 期待 (Kitai)
This means 'expectation' or 'anticipation.' You can have high 期待 for a new movie, but 信頼 is deeper and usually reserved for people and institutions.

Nuance Map

Objective信用
Emotional信頼
Intellectual確信

Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the right word for the right level of intimacy and formality. For example, in a letter of recommendation, you would use 信頼 to vouch for someone's character, but you might mention their 信用 if you are talking about their financial responsibility.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

~te iru (State of being)

~te morau (Receiving a favor/trust)

~ni oite (Context marker)

~tame ni (Purpose)

Passive voice (Being trusted)

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

私は友達を信頼しています。

I trust my friend.

Basic [Object] + を + 信頼しています structure.

2

先生は信頼できる人です。

The teacher is a trustworthy person.

Using 'dekiru' as an adjective meaning 'trustworthy'.

3

犬は主人を信頼しています。

The dog trusts its owner.

Simple subject-object relationship.

4

信頼は大切です。

Trust is important.

Abstract noun as a subject.

5

お父さんを信頼していますか?

Do you trust your father?

Question form of the verb.

6

あの店は信頼できます。

That shop is reliable.

Applying trust to an establishment.

7

私たちは信頼し合っています。

We trust each other.

Using the 'au' (mutual) suffix.

8

信頼をなくさないでください。

Please don't lose my trust.

Negative request form.

1

このブランドは品質が良くて信頼されています。

This brand is trusted because its quality is good.

Passive form 'sarete iru' (is trusted).

2

信頼できる友達が一人いれば十分です。

If you have one trustworthy friend, it's enough.

Conditional 'eba' with 'shinrai dekiru'.

3

彼は嘘をつかないので、みんなに信頼されています。

He doesn't lie, so he is trusted by everyone.

Reasoning with 'node'.

4

新しいリーダーは信頼を得るために努力しています。

The new leader is working hard to gain trust.

Purpose 'tame ni' with 'shinrai o eru'.

5

信頼関係を築くのには時間がかかります。

It takes time to build a relationship of trust.

Nominalizing a phrase with 'no ni wa'.

6

このニュースは信頼できる情報源から来ました。

This news came from a reliable source.

Modifying 'jouhou-gen' (information source).

7

信頼を裏切るようなことはしたくない。

I don't want to do anything that would betray trust.

Using 'youna' to describe a type of action.

8

あなたのことを信頼して、秘密を教えます。

I trust you, so I will tell you a secret.

Te-form used for cause/sequence.

1

ビジネスにおいて、信頼は最も重要な資産です。

In business, trust is the most important asset.

Using 'ni oite' (in/at).

2

一度失った信頼を取り戻すのは難しい。

It is difficult to regain trust once it has been lost.

Using 'torimodosu' (regain) and nominalizer 'no wa'.

3

彼はその誠実な人柄で、周囲の信頼を集めている。

He garners the trust of those around him with his sincere personality.

Using 'atsumeru' (to gather/garner).

4

政府は国民の信頼を回復しなければならない。

The government must restore the trust of the citizens.

Must form 'nakereba naranai' with 'shinrai kaifuku'.

5

信頼関係が崩れると、修復するのは容易ではない。

Once a relationship of trust collapses, it is not easy to repair.

Using 'kuzureru' (collapse) and 'youi de wa nai' (not easy).

6

このデータは信頼性に欠けている。

This data lacks reliability.

Using 'shinraisei' (reliability) and 'kakeru' (to lack).

7

長年の実績が、この会社の信頼を支えている。

Years of achievements support this company's trust.

Using 'sasaeru' (to support).

8

相手を信頼することで、チームワークが向上する。

By trusting the other party, teamwork improves.

Using 'koto de' to indicate means/method.

1

不祥事によって、企業の信頼は地に落ちた。

Due to the scandal, the company's trust fell to the ground (was completely lost).

Idiomatic 'chi ni ochiru' (fall to the ground).

2

彼は上司から厚い信頼を寄せられている。

He is deeply trusted by his boss.

Formal 'atsui shinrai o yoserareru'.

3

相互の信頼なしには、このプロジェクトは成功しない。

Without mutual trust, this project will not succeed.

Using 'nashi ni wa' (without).

4

科学的な根拠に基づいた、信頼性の高い情報を求めている。

We are seeking highly reliable information based on scientific evidence.

Using 'motozuita' (based on) and 'shinraisei no takai'.

5

信頼を勝ち取るためには、言葉よりも行動が重要だ。

In order to win trust, actions are more important than words.

Using 'kachitoru' (to win/earn).

6

その政治家は、国民の信頼を裏切る行為を繰り返した。

That politician repeatedly committed acts that betrayed the public's trust.

Using 'uragiru koui' (act of betrayal).

7

パートナーとの信頼を深めるために、話し合いの場を持つ。

To deepen trust with a partner, we have a place for discussion.

Using 'fukameru' (to deepen).

8

信頼を置いている部下に、重要な仕事を任せる。

I entrust important work to a subordinate I place trust in.

Using 'shinrai o oku' (to place trust).

1

信頼の崩壊は、社会全体の不安定化を招く恐れがある。

The collapse of trust poses a risk of destabilizing society as a whole.

Using 'maneku osore ga aru' (risk of leading to).

2

AIの判断がブラックボックス化する中、その信頼性が問われている。

As AI decisions become a black box, their reliability is being questioned.

Using 'toiarete iru' (is being questioned).

3

彼は、信頼に足る人物として各方面から高く評価されている。

He is highly regarded from all sides as a person worthy of trust.

Using 'shinrai ni taru' (worthy of trust).

4

情報の真偽を見極める力は、メディアへの信頼に直結する。

The ability to discern the truth of information is directly linked to trust in the media.

Using 'chokketsu suru' (directly linked).

5

信頼を損なうような発言は、慎むべきである。

One should refrain from remarks that might damage trust.

Using 'tsutsushimu beki' (should refrain).

6

組織内の透明性を高めることが、信頼醸成の鍵となる。

Increasing transparency within the organization is the key to fostering trust.

Using 'shinrai jousei' (fostering/brewing trust).

7

信頼は、一度毀損されると完全な回復は極めて困難である。

Once trust is damaged, complete recovery is extremely difficult.

Using 'kison sareru' (to be damaged/defamed).

8

自己信頼こそが、困難を乗り越える原動力となる。

Self-trust is precisely the driving force to overcome difficulties.

Using 'koso' for emphasis.

1

信頼のパラドックスとは、疑う余地がないほど信頼が深まる一方で、裏切られた際の衝撃も増大することである。

The paradox of trust is that while trust deepens to the point of being beyond doubt, the impact when betrayed also increases.

Complex philosophical definition structure.

2

現代社会における信頼のあり方は、属人的なものからシステム的なものへと変容を遂げている。

The nature of trust in modern society is undergoing a transformation from being personal to being systemic.

Using 'henyou o togeru' (undergo transformation).

3

信頼を担保するための法制度が、皮肉にも人間同士の直接的な信頼を希薄にさせている側面もある。

There is an aspect where legal systems to guarantee trust ironically dilute direct trust between humans.

Using 'tanpo suru' (to guarantee/collateralize).

4

彼の沈黙は、相手に対する絶対的な信頼の証左であった。

His silence was evidence of his absolute trust in the other party.

Using 'shousa' (evidence/proof).

5

信頼の基盤が揺らぐ中、我々は新たな連帯の形を模索しなければならない。

As the foundation of trust wavers, we must seek new forms of solidarity.

Using 'mosaku' (to grope/seek).

6

権威への盲目的な信頼は、時に民主主義の根幹を脅かす。

Blind trust in authority sometimes threatens the very foundation of democracy.

Using 'moumoku-teki' (blind) and 'konkan' (root/foundation).

7

信頼という名の繊細な糸が、社会という巨大な織物を支えている。

The delicate threads named trust support the giant fabric called society.

Metaphorical 'to iu na no' (named...).

8

不信の連鎖を断ち切り、信頼の再構築を図ることは、現代の急務である。

Breaking the chain of distrust and aiming for the reconstruction of trust is an urgent task of the modern era.

Using 'kyuumu' (urgent task).

مترادف‌ها

信用 信託 確信 期待 信実

متضادها

ترکیب‌های رایج

信頼を築く (Build trust)
信頼を得る (Gain trust)
信頼を裏切る (Betray trust)
信頼を置く (Place trust)
信頼を寄せる (Bestow trust)
信頼を回復する (Restore trust)
信頼を損なう (Damage trust)
信頼に応える (Meet trust/expectations)
信頼を失う (Lose trust)
信頼を深める (Deepen trust)

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

信頼 vs 信用 (Shinyou) - Credit/past-based trust.

信頼 vs 自信 (Jishin) - Self-confidence.

信頼 vs 信仰 (Shinkou) - Religious faith.

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

信頼 vs

信頼 vs

信頼 vs

信頼 vs

信頼 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

نحوه استفاده

Nuance

Shinrai is warmer and more personal than Shinyou.

Frequency

Very high in both written and spoken Japanese.

Collocation

Often paired with 'kizuku' (build) or 'fukameru' (deepen).

اشتباهات رایج
  • Confusing 信頼 (Shinrai) with 信用 (Shinyou).
  • Using 信頼 (Shinrai) for inanimate objects that don't have 'character' (like a weather forecast).
  • Using the particle 'ga' when 'o' or 'ni' is required.
  • Forgetting to use the continuous '~te iru' form for an ongoing state of trust.
  • Using 信頼 (Shinrai) when 期待 (Kitai - expectation) is more appropriate.

نکات

Build it slowly

In Japan, trust is built through small, consistent actions over a long period. Use 'Shinrai o kizuku' to reflect this process.

Continuous Form

When you trust someone, use 'shinrai shite iru' (continuous) rather than 'shinrai suru' (simple present) to show it's an ongoing state.

Shinrai vs Shinyou

Remember: Shinyou is for your bank; Shinrai is for your best friend. Don't mix them up in personal letters!

The Weight of Trust

Betraying trust (Shinrai o uragiru) is considered a very serious moral failing in Japanese society, often harder to fix than a financial debt.

First Meetings

In business, you don't have 'Shinrai' immediately. You start with 'Shinyou' (based on your company's reputation) and build 'Shinrai' through personal interaction.

Trustworthy

Use 'Shinrai dekiru' as a high-level adjective to describe people you respect. It sounds very professional and sincere.

Compound Nouns

Master 'Shinrai-kankei' (trust relationship). It's the most useful compound and appears in almost every discussion about social bonds.

Mutual Trust

Use 'Sougo-shinrai' (mutual trust) when talking about peace, international relations, or team harmony.

Context Clues

If you hear 'Shinrai' in a news report, look for words like 'fushouji' (scandal) or 'kaifuku' (recovery) to understand the story.

Shin + Rai

Believe + Rely. If you believe them, you can rely on them. That is Shinrai.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

بافت فرهنگی

A sincere apology (Ojigi) is the first step to recovering lost 'Shinrai'.

Trust is often built over 'Nomikai' (drinking parties) where true feelings (Honne) are shared.

Giving gifts (Oseibo/Chuugen) is a way to maintain the 'Shinrai' relationship.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"一番信頼している人は誰ですか?"

"どうすれば信頼関係を築けると思いますか?"

"信頼を裏切られたことはありますか?"

"このブランドは信頼できると思いますか?"

"仕事で信頼を得るために何をしていますか?"

موضوعات نگارش

Write about a time you felt deep trust in someone.

How do you define 'Shinrai' in your own words?

Describe a situation where trust was broken and how it felt.

Why is trust important in a society?

What makes a person 'Shinrai dekiru' to you?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Shinrai is based on character and future expectations, while Shinyou is based on past achievements and objective data like credit. Shinrai is personal; Shinyou is transactional.

Yes, you can use 'Shinrai dekiru' to mean a car is reliable and won't break down. It implies you trust the machine's performance.

It can be used in both formal and informal settings, but it always carries a certain weight and seriousness.

You can say 'Anata o shinrai shite imasu' (formal) or 'Shinrai shiteru yo' (informal).

The most common verb is 'kizuku' (築く), which means to construct or build up over time.

Usually, 'Jishin' is used for self-confidence, but 'Jiko-shinrai' (self-trust) is used in psychological contexts.

Usually 'Shinkou' (faith) is used for religious belief, but 'Shinrai' can describe the relationship with a deity.

It means 'a relationship of trust,' a very common phrase for healthy friendships or business partnerships.

You can say 'Shinrai o ushinau' (信頼を失う) or 'Shinrai o nakusu' (信頼をなくす).

No, 'Shinrai' is not typically used as a person's name, though the kanji 'Shin' is very common in names.

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محتوای مرتبط

واژه‌های بیشتر Social

承認

A1

عمل پذیرش یا تأیید رسمی چیزی، مانند یک درخواست یا برنامه. اغلب در زمینه‌های رسمی یا حرفه‌ای استفاده می‌شود تا نشان دهد یک مقام مسئول چراغ سبز نشان داده است.

帰属

C1

تعلق به یک گروه خاص یا انتساب قانونی حقوق.

意識

A1

بیمار پس از تصادف هوشیاری خود را از دست داد.

裏切り

A1

عمل شکستن اعتماد یا وفاداری. اغلب شامل کمک به دشمن یا اقدام علیه منافع کسی است که به شما تکیه کرده است.

お辞儀

A1

تعظیم سنتی ژاپنی که برای سلام، تشکر یا عذرخواهی استفاده می‌شود.

使命

A1

ماموریت من این است که به صلح جهانی کمک کنم.

配慮

A1

رعایت کردن و توجه به احساسات و نیازهای دیگران.

慎重

A1

ویژگی بسیار محتاط بودن و اجتناب از ریسک‌های غیرضروری. توصیف‌کننده ذهنیتی است که با تامل کامل قبل از تصمیم‌گیری همراه است.

争い

A1

تضاد، مشاجره یا رقابت بین دو یا چند طرف. به حالتی اشاره دارد که در آن افراد بر سر چیزی اختلاف نظر دارند یا با هم می جنگند.

抗争

A1

یک مبارزه یا درگیری جدی بین گروه‌ها، جناح‌ها یا سازمان‌های مخالف.

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