解く در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 解く (toku) is a versatile verb meaning to untie physical knots or solve intellectual problems like math and mysteries.
- In cooking, it specifically refers to beating eggs or mixing starch with water to create a smooth consistency.
- It can also mean lifting bans, clearing up misunderstandings, or relieving physical and mental tension.
- Commonly confused with 'tokasu' (to melt), 'toku' focuses on unraveling or mixing rather than changing state through heat.
The Japanese verb 解く (toku) is a versatile B1-level word that primarily describes the act of undoing something that is bound, tangled, or structured. At its most physical level, it refers to untying a knot or a string. However, its usage extends far into the abstract realm, where it means solving a mystery, a mathematical equation, or a complex problem. The core essence of the word lies in the transition from a state of 'restriction' or 'complexity' to a state of 'freedom' or 'clarity'. Whether you are loosening your shoelaces after a long walk or cracking a difficult code, you are performing the action of toku. It is a fundamental verb for learners because it bridges the gap between everyday physical actions and higher-level cognitive processes.
- Physical Untying
- Used for knots, ribbons, or bundles. Example: 荷物の紐を解く (Untie the string of a package).
- Intellectual Solving
- Used for puzzles, math, and mysteries. Example: 謎を解く (Solve a mystery).
- Dissolving/Mixing
- Specifically used in cooking for eggs or starch. Example: 卵を解く (Beat/mix an egg).
彼は複雑な数学の問題をわずか数分で解いた。
靴紐を解いて、家に入った。
卵をボウルの中でよく解いてください。
魔法を解く方法を探している。
誤解を解くために話し合った。
- Relieving Tension
- Used for stress or formal bans. Example: 緊張を解く (Relieve tension).
Using 解く (toku) correctly requires understanding its transitivity. It is a transitive verb (他動詞), meaning it takes a direct object marked by the particle を (wo). The subject is the person or force doing the untying or solving. In a classroom setting, you will almost always hear it in the context of 'solving' questions (問題を解く). In the kitchen, it is the standard verb for beating eggs (卵を解く), where you are essentially 'breaking' the structure of the egg yolk and white to mix them. It is important to distinguish this from tokasu (溶かす), which means to melt or dissolve something into a liquid state like sugar in water.
- Grammar Pattern
- [Person] が [Object] を 解く
- Common Objects
- 紐 (string), 謎 (mystery), 数学 (math), 誤解 (misunderstanding), 卵 (egg).
When used for 'lifting' a ban or a restriction, it takes on a more formal tone. For example, kin-en wo toku (lifting a smoking ban). In social contexts, gokai wo toku (clearing up a misunderstanding) is a vital phrase for conflict resolution. The verb conjugates as a Group 1 (U-verb): toku, tokimasu, toite, toita. The 'te-form' (toite) is frequently used in instructions, such as 'Please solve this' (これを解いてください) or 'Beat the eggs' (卵を解いて).
You will encounter 解く in several distinct environments. In educational settings, teachers constantly use it when referring to exam questions or homework. 'Solve the problems on page 20' would be '20ページの問題を解きなさい'. In literature and media, especially detective novels (推理小説), the protagonist's main goal is always to 'solve the mystery' (謎を解く). This gives the word a sense of intellectual triumph and discovery.
In daily domestic life, it appears in the kitchen. If you are following a Japanese recipe for Tamagoyaki or Oyakodon, the first step is usually '卵を解く'. It also appears when dealing with clothing or packages—untying a ribbon on a gift or loosening a tight knot in a thread. Furthermore, in fantasy or folklore, characters often seek to 'break a curse' (呪いを解く), adding a mystical layer to the verb's utility.
The most frequent mistake for learners is confusing 解く (toku) with 溶かす (tokasu) or 溶ける (tokeru). While all relate to 'dissolving' or 'breaking down' in some sense, tokasu is for melting (like ice or metal) or dissolving solids into liquids (like salt in water). Toku is specifically for mixing eggs or starch (katakuriko) where you are breaking the internal bond rather than melting the substance. Another common error is using toku for 'answering' a question. While you 'solve' (toku) a problem, you 'answer' (kotaeru) a specific question. If the focus is on the result/answer, use kotaeru; if the focus is on the process of working through the logic, use toku.
Additionally, be careful with the homophone 説く (toku), which means to explain or preach. While they sound identical, the kanji are different. 説く is used for Buddhist teachings or explaining a theory, whereas 解く is for unraveling or solving.
Several words overlap with 解く, and choosing the right one depends on the context. ほどく (hodoku) is almost synonymous with toku when referring to untying knots or strings, but hodoku feels slightly more casual and physical. You 'hodoku' your shoelaces, but you 'toku' a complex mathematical theorem. 解決する (kaiketsu suru) means 'to resolve' and is used for social problems, disputes, or technical issues where a definitive end-state is reached. 解答する (kaitō suru) is a more formal way to say 'to answer/solve' in the context of an official examination.
For the 'dissolving' aspect, 溶く (toku) is actually the specific kanji variant used for cooking (like eggs or flour in water), though it is often written in kana or using the general 解く. ほぐす (hogusu) is used for loosening something stiff, like muscles (kori wo hogusu) or tangled hair.
چقدر رسمی است؟
""
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
مثالها بر اساس سطح
ひもを解きます。
I untie the string.
Direct object + を + verb.
卵を二つ解いてください。
Please beat two eggs.
Te-form for requests.
リボンを解く。
Untie the ribbon.
Dictionary form.
靴のひもを解いた。
I untied my shoelaces.
Past tense.
包みを解きましょう。
Let's unwrap the package.
Volitional form.
糸を解くのは難しい。
Untying the thread is difficult.
Verb + no wa + adjective.
母は卵を解いています。
My mother is beating eggs.
Present continuous.
これを解いて。
Untie/Solve this (casual).
Shortened te-form.
算数の問題を解く。
Solve a math problem.
Noun + no + noun.
テストの問題を全部解きました。
I solved all the test questions.
Adverb 'zenbu'.
パズルを解くのが好きです。
I like solving puzzles.
Verb + no ga suki.
宿題を早く解いてください。
Please solve your homework quickly.
Adverbial use of hayai.
このなぞなぞを解けますか？
Can you solve this riddle?
Potential form (tokeru).
彼は難しい問題を解いた。
He solved a difficult problem.
Adjective + noun.
一緒に問題を解きましょう。
Let's solve the problem together.
Issho ni + volitional.
答えを出すために問題を解く。
Solve the problem to get the answer.
Tame ni (purpose).
誤解を解くために話し合った。
We talked to clear up the misunderstanding.
Gokai (misunderstanding) + toku.
片栗粉を水で解いてください。
Please dissolve the potato starch in water.
Specific cooking instruction.
彼はついにその謎を解いた。
He finally solved that mystery.
Adverb 'tsuini'.
緊張を解くために深呼吸をした。
I took a deep breath to relieve my tension.
Kinchou (tension) + toku.
この数式を解くのは時間がかかる。
Solving this formula takes time.
Suushiki (formula).
犯人はトリックを解かれて驚いた。
The criminal was surprised that his trick was solved.
Passive form (tokareru).
結び目を解くのは根気がいる。
Untying a knot requires patience.
Musubime (knot).
彼女はパズルを解くのが得意だ。
She is good at solving puzzles.
Tokui (skillful).
政府はついにその禁止令を解いた。
The government finally lifted the ban.
Formal 'kinshirei' (ban).
魔法使いが呪いを解いてくれた。
The wizard broke the curse for me.
Noroi (curse) + toku.
武装を解いて、降伏した。
They disarmed and surrendered.
Busou (armament) + toku.
長年の疑問がようやく解けた。
The long-standing doubt was finally resolved.
Intransitive 'tokeru' used for clarity.
彼は自らの潔白を証明し、疑いを解いた。
He proved his innocence and cleared the suspicion.
Utagai (suspicion) + toku.
警戒を解くのはまだ早い。
It is too early to let our guard down.
Keikai (vigilance) + toku.
その暗号を解く鍵は見つかっていない。
The key to solve that code hasn't been found.
Angou (code/cipher).
彼は複雑な人間関係の糸を解きほぐした。
He unraveled the threads of complex human relationships.
Compound verb 'tokihogusu'.
彼は禅の公案を解こうと試みた。
He attempted to solve a Zen koan.
Spiritual/Philosophical context.
長年の確執を解くのは容易ではない。
It is not easy to resolve a long-standing feud.
Kakushitsu (feud/discord).
詩の比喩を解くことで、作者の意図が見えてくる。
By deciphering the metaphors of the poem, the author's intent becomes clear.
Hiyu (metaphor).
彼女は心の奥底に眠るトラウマを解き放った。
She released the trauma sleeping deep in her heart.
Tokihanatsu (to release/unleash).
その理論の矛盾を解く鍵は、この実験にある。
The key to resolving the contradiction in that theory lies in this experiment.
Mujun (contradiction).
封印を解かれた古の力が目覚める。
The ancient power, whose seal was broken, awakens.
Fuuin (seal) + passive.
沈黙を解いて、彼は真実を語り始めた。
Breaking the silence, he began to tell the truth.
Chinmoku (silence) + toku.
宇宙の真理を解き明かす旅に出る。
Embark on a journey to unravel the truths of the universe.
Tokiakasu (to explain/reveal).
条約の拘束を解くための交渉が行われた。
Negotiations were held to release the constraints of the treaty.
Legal/Diplomatic 'kousoku' (restraint).
彼は古文書の難解な記述を読み解いた。
He deciphered the cryptic descriptions in the ancient documents.
Yomitoku (to read and solve/decipher).
権力構造の縺れを解くのは、至難の業である。
Unraveling the tangles of power structures is an extremely difficult task.
Motsure (tangle) + Shinan no waza (Herculean task).
その哲学的命題を解くことは、自己の存在を問うことと同義だ。
Solving that philosophical proposition is synonymous with questioning one's own existence.
Meidai (proposition).
彼は自らに課した戒律を解き、俗世に戻った。
He lifted the precepts he imposed on himself and returned to the secular world.
Kairitsu (precepts/commandments).
氷解したはずの疑念が、再び首をもたげる。
The doubts that were supposed to have melted away are rearing their heads again.
Hyoukai (melting like ice/resolution).
数理物理学の極致において、時空の謎を解く。
At the height of mathematical physics, solve the mysteries of space-time.
Kyokuchi (zenith/climax).
恩讐を解き、未来への一歩を踏み出す。
Dissolve old grudges and take a step toward the future.
Onshuu (love and hate/grudges).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
靴紐を解く (untie shoelaces)
包みを解く (unwrap a package)
疑いを解く (clear suspicion)
封印を解く (break a seal)
武装を解く (disarm)
片栗粉を解く (mix potato starch)
わだかまりを解く (resolve hard feelings)
沈黙を解く (break silence)
髪を解く (let down hair)
荷を解く (unpack)
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
To melt something with heat or dissolve a solid into a liquid completely.
To explain, preach, or advocate for a theory (same sound, different kanji).
The intransitive version; something 'comes undone' or 'gets solved' on its own.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
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بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
Specifically used for eggs, miso, or starch in water.
Used for 'unraveling' complex situations.
Used for knots, strings, and bundles.
- Using 'toku' for melting ice (should be 'tokasu').
- Using 'toku' for answering a question (should be 'kotaeru' if focusing on the answer).
- Confusing the kanji 解く with 説く.
- Using 'ga' instead of 'wo' for the object being solved.
- Forgetting the 'i' in the te-form (it's 'toite', not 'tokite').
نکات
Particle Choice
Always use 'wo' with 'toku' because it is a transitive verb. You are the one doing the action to the object.
Math Context
In a Japanese math class, you will hear 'toku' more than any other verb. Practice saying 'mondai wo toku'.
Egg Preparation
When a recipe says 'tamago wo toku', it means whisk it until the yolk and white are well combined.
Detective Stories
If you like Conan or Kindaichi, you'll see 'nazo wo toku' in almost every episode. It's a key genre word.
Kanji Precision
Be careful not to use 説く (explain) when you mean 解く (solve). The 'knife' radical in 解く is your clue.
Misunderstandings
Use 'gokai wo toku' when you want to say you want to clear the air with a friend. It sounds very sincere.
Compound Verbs
Look out for 'yomitoku' (read and understand/decipher) in advanced texts. It's a great C1 level word.
Tension
Use 'kinchou wo toku' to describe relaxing after a big event. It's like 'unwinding' in English.
JLPT Tip
This word often appears in B1 (N3) level reading sections. Know both its physical and abstract meanings.
The Knife
Visualize a knife cutting through a knot. That 'knife' (刀) is right there in the kanji 解!
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of a detective using a 'knife' (the radical in the kanji) to cut through the 'bull' (ox radical) and get to the 'point' (horn radical) of the mystery.
ریشه کلمه
Old Japanese origin. The kanji 解 represents using a knife (刀) to separate the horns (角) from an ox (牛).
بافت فرهنگی
Using chopsticks to 'toku' eggs is a standard skill in Japanese households.
Breaking a curse (noroi wo toku) is a central theme in many Japanese legends.
Entrance exams (juken) are often described as a battle of 'solving' (toku) problems.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"この難しい問題を解けますか？ (Can you solve this difficult problem?)"
"最近、何か謎を解いたことはありますか？ (Have you solved any mysteries lately?)"
"卵を解くとき、何かコツはありますか？ (Do you have any tips for beating eggs?)"
"靴紐が解けていますよ。 (Your shoelaces are untied.)"
"どうすれば誤解を解けると思いますか？ (How do you think we can clear up the misunderstanding?)"
موضوعات نگارش
今日解いた一番難しい問題を書いてください。 (Write about the hardest problem you solved today.)
誰かと誤解を解いた経験はありますか？ (Have you ever had an experience clearing up a misunderstanding with someone?)
あなたが解いてみたい世界の謎は何ですか？ (What mystery in the world would you like to solve?)
料理で「卵を解く」とき、何を考えますか？ (What do you think about when 'beating eggs' in cooking?)
最近、緊張を解くために何をしたか書いてください。 (Write about what you did recently to relieve tension.)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, for melting ice you should use 'tokasu' (transitive) or 'tokeru' (intransitive). 'Toku' is for untying or solving.
No, answering a phone is 'denwa ni deru'. 'Toku' is for solving problems or untying.
'Hodoku' is mostly physical (untying knots). 'Toku' is both physical and intellectual (solving math).
Usually, 'kaiketsu suru' is better for personal problems. 'Toku' is used for specific puzzles or clearing misunderstandings.
You say 'tamago wo toku'. It is the standard way to describe mixing an egg for cooking.
It is a standard word used in both casual and formal contexts, depending on the object (math vs. shoelaces).
The sound 'toku' can mean 'to explain' (説く), but it uses a different kanji and is less common in daily conversation.
It means 'to solve a mystery'. It is a very common phrase in detective stories.
No, 'breaking up' is 'wakareru'. 'Toku' is for untying or solving.
Yes, it is transitive. You use the particle 'wo' with the object you are untying or solving.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The core of '解く' is 'unraveling.' Whether it's a physical rope, a difficult exam, or a social conflict, you are taking something tangled and making it clear and free.
- 解く (toku) is a versatile verb meaning to untie physical knots or solve intellectual problems like math and mysteries.
- In cooking, it specifically refers to beating eggs or mixing starch with water to create a smooth consistency.
- It can also mean lifting bans, clearing up misunderstandings, or relieving physical and mental tension.
- Commonly confused with 'tokasu' (to melt), 'toku' focuses on unraveling or mixing rather than changing state through heat.
Particle Choice
Always use 'wo' with 'toku' because it is a transitive verb. You are the one doing the action to the object.
Math Context
In a Japanese math class, you will hear 'toku' more than any other verb. Practice saying 'mondai wo toku'.
Egg Preparation
When a recipe says 'tamago wo toku', it means whisk it until the yolk and white are well combined.
Detective Stories
If you like Conan or Kindaichi, you'll see 'nazo wo toku' in almost every episode. It's a key genre word.
مثال
卵をよく解いてから焼く。
محتوای مرتبط
قواعد دستوری مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر food
少々
B1لطفاً یک لحظه کوتاه صبر کنید. مقدار کمی نمک به غذا اضافه کنید.
〜ほど
B1حدود ده دقیقه منتظر ماندم. (I waited about ten minutes.)
~ほど
B1حدود، تقریباً؛ تا حدی که؛ نه به اندازه. مثال: حدود یک ساعت منتظر ماندم. (一時間ほど待ちました). آنقدر خستهام که میتوانم بمیرم. (死ぬほど疲れた).
豊富な
B1Abundant, rich in.
ふんだんに
B1Lavishly; abundantly; generously (e.g., using ingredients).
足す
B1To add (e.g., to a sum, to ingredients).
添加物
B1Additive.
〜てから
B1بعد از انجام کاری. 'بعد از غذا خوردن، مسواک میزنم.'
~てから
B1از '~te kara' برای گفتن 'بعد از' انجام کاری استفاده کنید. به عنوان مثال: 'بعد از غذا خوردن، بیرون میروم.'
熟成させる
B1To age; to mature (food).
