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A2 verb #7,000 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

신음하다

Q: What particle should I use for 'groaning under debt'?

Use '에'. '빚에 신음하다'.

sineumhada رتبه 7,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 신음하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 신음하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '신음하다' actively in your daily conversations, but it's helpful to recognize it as a word for a 'bad sound' people make when they are very sick. Imagine a baby with a high fever making low 'uhhhh' sounds—that is '신음하다.' At this stage, just associate it with the English word 'groan' and the Korean word '아프다' (to be sick). You might see it in very simple storybooks where a character is hurt. Focus on the fact that it ends in '-하다,' which means it is an action or a state. You won't hear people say this while laughing or playing; it is only for when someone is feeling very, very bad. Think of it as the sound version of 'sick.'

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At the A2 level, you should begin to understand that '신음하다' is used for more than just physical pain. You might see it in simple news clips or level-appropriate reading materials describing people who are having a hard time. For example, if there is a very hot summer, the news might say people are '신음하고 있다' (groaning). You should learn the basic pattern: [Reason] + [으로/에] + 신음하다. For example, '고통으로 신음하다' (groaning with pain). It's important to distinguish this from '울다' (to cry). '울다' involves tears and often loud sounds, while '신음하다' is a deeper, lower sound that comes from deep inside the chest or throat. It shows that the person is trying to endure something very difficult.

At the B1 level, you can start using '신음하다' in your writing to add more descriptive power. Instead of just saying '그는 매우 아팠습니다' (He was very sick), you can say '그는 고통으로 신음하고 있었습니다' (He was groaning with pain) to create a more vivid image. You will also encounter this word in more abstract contexts, such as '경제적 어려움에 신음하다' (groaning under economic difficulties). At this level, you should be comfortable with the progressive form '-고 있다' and the past tense '-했다.' You should also recognize the noun form '신음' and how it is used with other verbs like '내다' (to make) or '소리' (sound). This word helps you move from basic descriptions to more empathetic and detailed storytelling.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuanced difference between '신음하다' and its synonyms like '앓다' or '탄식하다.' You should be able to recognize '신음하다' in literary texts and newspaper editorials where it is used metaphorically. For instance, an author might describe a '신음하는 목조 건물' (a groaning wooden building) to suggest it is old and under pressure. You should also be aware of the formal registers where this word appears frequently. In discussions about social issues, such as poverty or environmental damage, '신음하다' is a powerful verb to describe the suffering of a population. You should be able to use it in essays to express a sense of urgency or deep concern about a problem.

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At the C1 level, you should master the evocative and rhetorical uses of '신음하다.' You can use it to describe complex social phenomena, such as '신자유주의의 그늘에서 신음하는 노동자들' (workers groaning in the shadows of neoliberalism). At this level, you understand that the word isn't just about the sound itself, but about the systemic pressure that causes the sound. You should also be familiar with more advanced collocations and poetic structures, such as '신음을 삼키다' (to swallow one's groans, meaning to suffer in silence). Your understanding should include the historical and cultural connotations of the word, especially how it reflects the collective 'han' (sorrow) in Korean history and literature. You can use it to add a layer of sophistication and emotional depth to your professional or academic discourse.

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At the C2 level, '신음하다' becomes a tool for high-level stylistic expression. You can use it in creative writing to personify abstract concepts or to create intense, atmospheric descriptions. You understand the subtle phonosemantic qualities of the word—how the 'sh' and 'm' sounds contribute to its heavy, somber feeling. You can analyze its use in classical poetry or modern avant-garde literature, where it might be used to challenge the reader's perception of pain and existence. At this level, you are also aware of how the word's frequency and usage have shifted over time in Korean media. You can use it with perfect precision, knowing exactly when it will provide the maximum emotional or rhetorical impact in any given context, from a formal speech to a literary masterpiece.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

신음하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

A verb meaning to groan or moan due to intense pain or distress.
Can be used for physical suffering (illness) or social hardship (economic crisis).
Typically paired with particles like '~로' (due to) or '~에' (under).
Carries a heavy, somber tone and is common in news and literature.

The Korean verb 신음하다 (sin-eum-hada) is a profound and evocative term that translates primarily to 'to groan' or 'to moan.' At its most basic level, it describes the involuntary, deep, and often inarticulate sounds a person makes when they are experiencing intense physical pain or extreme emotional distress. However, in the Korean language, the scope of this word extends far beyond the hospital bed or the site of an injury. It is a word that captures the weight of suffering, whether that suffering is individual, collective, or even metaphorical.

Physical Manifestation: In a medical or emergency context, 신음하다 is used to describe the low, guttural sounds of a patient. It is not a sharp scream (비명) but rather a sustained expression of agony. For example, if someone has a high fever or a broken bone, they might toss and turn while making these sounds. It suggests a level of pain that is difficult to suppress, leaking out as sound because the body can no longer contain the sensation of hurt.
Societal and Economic Distress: In news reports and academic writing, you will frequently see this word applied to groups of people or entire nations. When a country is suffering under a harsh dictatorship, high inflation, or a natural disaster, journalists often say the 'people are groaning' (국민들이 신음하고 있다). Here, it signifies a collective state of hardship and misery where the 'sound' of suffering is felt throughout the society. It implies a lack of relief and a heavy, pressing burden that makes life unbearable.
Environmental and Metaphorical Use: Interestingly, 신음하다 is also used to describe nature or inanimate objects under stress. A forest might 'groan' under the weight of heavy snow, or the earth might 'groan' due to pollution. This personification highlights the severity of the damage, suggesting that the environment itself is feeling a form of pain that mirrors human suffering. It adds a poetic and tragic layer to descriptions of environmental degradation or structural failure.

부상당한 군인이 고통으로 신음하고 있었습니다.
— The injured soldier was groaning with pain.

서민들이 치솟는 물가에 신음하고 있다.
— Common people are groaning under the soaring prices.

To use this word correctly, one must understand that it is rarely used for light or trivial matters. You wouldn't use 신음하다 for a stubbed toe that stops hurting after ten seconds. It is reserved for situations where the distress is deep, persistent, and overwhelming. Whether it is the low moan of a feverish child or the metaphorical cry of a society in crisis, this word carries a heavy emotional and descriptive weight that paints a vivid picture of struggle.

Using 신음하다 effectively requires an understanding of its grammatical patterns and the specific particles that typically accompany it. Because it is an intransitive verb (meaning it doesn't take a direct object), the focus is always on the subject who is groaning and the cause of that groaning.

The 'Cause' Particles: ~로 and ~에: When you want to specify why someone is groaning, you use the particles -로 (due to/with) or -에 (at/under). Generally, -로 is used for physical causes like pain (고통) or illness (병), while -에 is frequently used for external pressures like debt (빚), taxes (세금), or heat (무더위). For instance, '고통으로 신음하다' (groaning with pain) vs. '가난에 신음하다' (groaning under poverty).
Continuous and State Forms: Since groaning is often a continuous action, you will frequently see it in the -고 있다 (progressive) form. This emphasizes that the suffering is ongoing. '신음하고 있다' means 'is currently groaning.' If you are describing a state of suffering that has lasted for a long time, the past progressive '신음하고 있었다' is used to set a scene in a story or report.

그는 밤새도록 열병으로 신음했다.
— He groaned with fever all night long.

경제 위기로 인해 많은 기업들이 신음하고 있습니다.
— Many companies are groaning due to the economic crisis.

In more formal or literary contexts, you might see the noun form 신음 (呻吟) combined with other verbs. For example, '신음을 토하다' (to vent/pour out a groan) or '신음이 터져 나오다' (a groan burst out). These variations add descriptive depth, showing how the sound escapes the person's control. When writing, remember that 신음하다 conveys a sense of passivity—the subject is being acted upon by pain or circumstance, and the groan is a natural, unavoidable reaction to that pressure.

While 신음하다 might not be a word you use every day to talk about your lunch or your commute, it is ubiquitous in specific domains of Korean life and media. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize its weight and significance when you encounter it.

News and Media Headlines: This is perhaps where you will see the word most often. Korean journalists love using 신음하다 to describe the suffering of the public. Headlines like '폭염에 신음하는 전국' (The whole nation groaning in the heatwave) or '고금리에 신음하는 자영업자들' (Self-employed business owners groaning under high interest rates) are extremely common. It serves as a powerful shorthand for widespread distress and systemic struggle.
Medical Dramas and Literature: In K-dramas, especially medical or historical ones, you will hear this word in scripts to describe a character's physical state. A nurse might report to a doctor, '환자가 고통으로 신음하고 있습니다' (The patient is groaning with pain). In literature, authors use it to create a somber atmosphere, describing the '신음하는 소리' (the sound of groaning) in a dark alleyway or a crowded, impoverished neighborhood.
Documentaries and Social Activism: When documentaries cover environmental issues or human rights abuses, 신음하다 is a key term. It is used to give a voice to those who cannot speak clearly—like the '신음하는 지구' (the groaning Earth) suffering from pollution. It evokes a sense of moral urgency, suggesting that the listener should pay attention to the suffering that is often ignored.

“지구가 오염으로 인해 신음하고 있습니다. 우리가 행동해야 합니다.”
— “The Earth is groaning due to pollution. We must act.” (Environmental campaign)

In summary, 신음하다 is a word of serious weight. You hear it when things are going wrong on a large scale or when an individual's pain is too great for words. It is a word that bridges the gap between a physical sound and a social condition, making it a vital part of the vocabulary for anyone looking to understand Korean social commentary or emotional storytelling.

While 신음하다 is a relatively straightforward verb, learners often make specific errors in its usage, particularly regarding context and similar-sounding or similar-meaning words.

Confusing '신음하다' with '한숨을 쉬다': A common mistake is using 신음하다 (groan) when you mean 한숨을 쉬다 (to sigh). A sigh is usually a release of breath due to frustration, boredom, or relief. A groan (신음) is a sound of pain. If you sigh because you have too much homework, you are 한숨을 쉬는 것. If you are in such agony from a stomachache that you can't help but make low sounds, you are 신음하는 것.
Using it for Positive Excitement: In some languages, 'moan' can have a positive connotation (like moaning in delight while eating good food). In standard Korean, 신음하다 is almost exclusively negative, associated with pain, suffering, or hardship. Using it to describe enjoying a delicious meal would sound very strange and potentially inappropriate. For enjoyment, use words like '감탄하다' (to admire/exclaim) or '환호하다' (to cheer).
Overusing it for Minor Inconveniences: As mentioned before, this word carries significant weight. If you tell a friend, '나 너무 피곤해서 신음하고 있어' (I'm groaning because I'm so tired), it sounds like you are on the verge of a medical emergency or total collapse. For everyday tiredness or minor complaints, use '투덜대다' (to grumble) or simply '힘들다' (it's hard).

❌ 저는 매운 음식을 먹고 신음했어요.
— (Incorrect: Sounds like the food caused medical-level agony.)

To avoid these mistakes, always ask yourself: 'Is this situation serious enough for a hospital or a news headline?' If the answer is no, 신음하다 is likely too strong. Stick to its primary use: deep physical pain or significant societal suffering. This will ensure your Korean sounds natural and your emotional tone is accurately conveyed.

To truly master 신음하다, it is helpful to compare it with other Korean words that describe pain, suffering, or making sounds of distress. Each has a specific nuance that makes it suitable for different situations.

앓다 (Al-ta) vs. 신음하다: 앓다 means 'to be ill' or 'to suffer from a disease.' While 신음하다 focuses on the sound and the immediate expression of pain, 앓다 focuses on the state of being sick. You can '앓다' quietly without making a sound, but you cannot '신음하다' without making a sound. However, they are often used together: '병으로 앓으며 신음하다' (to groan while suffering from a disease).
탄식하다 (Tan-sik-hada) vs. 신음하다: 탄식하다 translates to 'to lament' or 'to sigh deeply in grief.' This is more intellectual and emotional than 신음하다. 탄식하다 involves a conscious realization of a sad or regrettable situation, whereas 신음하다 is often a more primal, involuntary reaction to pressure or pain. You 탄식 when you lose a game; you 신음 when you are crushed by debt.
곡하다 (Gok-hada) vs. 신음하다: 곡하다 is a specific type of wailing or formal mourning sound made at funerals. It is loud, rhythmic, and intentional. 신음하다, by contrast, is low, often muffled, and usually unintentional. 곡하다 is a cultural ritual; 신음하다 is a physical or social symptom.

Word	Primary Focus	Intensity
신음하다	Sound of pain/pressure	High (Internal/Guttural)
앓다	Condition of illness	Variable (Duration-based)
비명 지르다	Sharp scream of shock	Very High (Sudden)
투덜대다	Verbal complaining	Low (Annoyance)

Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the sound (신음하다), the health condition (앓다), the emotional grief (탄식하다), or the sharp shock (비명 지르다). For A2 learners, focusing on the link between '신음하다' and '고통' (pain) or '어려움' (difficulty) is the best way to start using it accurately in context.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 吟 (음) is also used in 'eum-ak' (music), reflecting the vocal/sound-based nature of the word. It suggests a sound that comes from deep within.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɕin.ɯm.ɦa.da/

US /ʃin.um.hɑ.dɑ/

The stress is generally even across syllables in Korean, but a slight emphasis may fall on the first syllable '신'.

هم‌قافیه با

음하다 (eum-hada) 늠하다 (neum-hada) 금하다 (geum-hada) 음미하다 (eum-mi-hada) 음미하다 (eum-mi-hada) 심하다 (sim-hada) 임하다 (im-hada) 음란하다 (eum-ran-hada)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '신' as 'sin' with a hard English 's' (it should be closer to 'shin').
Pronouncing '음' as 'um' like in 'umbrella' (it should be 'eum').

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The word is common in news and literature, but the Hanja roots are not always immediately obvious to beginners.

نوشتن 4/5

Requires understanding of specific particles like ~로 and ~에 to use correctly.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but finding the right context for such a heavy word is tricky.

گوش دادن 2/5

The sound of the word is distinct and often clear in emotional scenes.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

아프다 (to be sick) 소리 (sound) 고통 (pain) 병 (illness) 내다 (to make/emit)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

탄식하다 (to lament) 절규하다 (to cry out) 신음 소리를 억누르다 (to suppress a groan) 사회적 진통 (social birth pains) 고뇌하다 (to agonize)

پیشرفته

비탄 (grief) 애통 (sorrow) 창망하다 (to be bleak) 신산하다 (to be difficult/hard) 압제 (oppression)

گرامر لازم

~로 인해 (Due to)

폭우로 인해 많은 이재민들이 신음하고 있습니다.

-고 있다 (Progressive)

그는 고열로 밤새 신음하고 있었다.

~에 (Particle for external pressure)

과중한 세금에 신음하는 백성들.

-며 (Simultaneous action)

그는 신음하며 도움을 요청했다.

-던 (Retrospective modifier)

고통에 신음하던 환자가 드디어 잠들었다.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

아이가 아파서 신음해요.

The child is sick and groaning.

Simple present tense ending '-해요'.

그는 고통으로 신음했습니다.

He groaned with pain.

Past tense ending '-했습니다' (formal).

병원에서 신음 소리가 들려요.

I hear a groaning sound in the hospital.

'신음 소리' is the noun phrase 'groaning sound'.

강아지가 신음하고 있어요.

The puppy is groaning (moaning).

Progressive form '-고 있어요'.

신음하지 마세요.

Please do not groan.

Negative imperative '-지 마세요'.

어디가 아파서 신음해요?

Where does it hurt that you are groaning?

Interrogative sentence.

그는 작게 신음했다.

He groaned softly.

Adverb '작게' (softly/smallly) modifying the verb.

할머니가 신음하며 잠드셨어요.

Grandmother fell asleep while groaning.

'-하며' indicates two actions happening simultaneously.

환자가 밤새도록 신음했다.

The patient groaned all night long.

'밤새도록' means 'all night long'.

너무 더워서 사람들이 신음해요.

It's so hot that people are groaning.

'~어서' indicates cause/reason (because it's hot).

그는 무거운 짐 때문에 신음했다.

He groaned because of the heavy load.

'~ 때문에' means 'because of'.

상처가 깊어서 신음 소리가 났다.

The wound was deep, so a groaning sound came out.

'~가 나다' means 'to occur/to come out'.

가난에 신음하는 이웃을 도와요.

Let's help neighbors groaning under poverty.

'~에 신음하는' modifies the noun '이웃'.

그는 아픔을 참지 못하고 신음했다.

He couldn't bear the pain and groaned.

'참지 못하고' means 'could not endure and...'

신음하는 소리가 복도까지 들렸다.

The groaning sound was heard all the way to the hallway.

'~까지' means 'as far as / until'.

갑작스러운 통증에 신음하며 쓰러졌다.

He groaned at the sudden pain and collapsed.

'~하며' connects two sequential or simultaneous actions.

전쟁으로 인해 온 나라가 신음하고 있다.

The whole country is groaning due to the war.

'~으로 인해' is a formal way to say 'due to'.

그녀는 마음의 병으로 깊게 신음하고 있었다.

She was groaning deeply due to a sickness of the heart.

'마음의 병' is a metaphor for mental or emotional distress.

높은 물가에 서민들의 생활이 신음하고 있다.

The lives of common people are groaning under high prices.

Metaphorical use where 'life' (생활) is the subject.

그는 수술 후 고통으로 신음하며 깨어났다.

He woke up groaning with pain after the surgery.

'수술 후' means 'after surgery'.

독재 정권 아래에서 국민들이 신음했다.

The people groaned under the dictatorial regime.

'~ 아래에서' means 'under' (a condition or rule).

오염된 강이 인간의 이기심에 신음한다.

The polluted river groans at human selfishness.

Personification of the river.

그는 신음 소리를 억누르려 애썼다.

He tried hard to suppress the groaning sound.

'~으려 애쓰다' means 'to struggle/try hard to...'

과도한 업무량에 직장인들이 신음하고 있습니다.

Office workers are groaning under the excessive workload.

'과도한' means 'excessive'.

부채 더미에 신음하는 중소기업들이 늘고 있다.

Small and medium enterprises groaning under piles of debt are increasing.

'부채 더미' means 'pile of debt'.

그의 신음은 단순한 통증 이상의 절망을 담고 있었다.

His groan contained a despair that was more than just simple pain.

'~ 이상' means 'more than/above'.

대지는 가뭄으로 인해 타들어 가며 신음하고 있었다.

The earth was groaning as it parched due to the drought.

'타들어 가다' means 'to burn up/parch'.

그녀는 낮은 신음을 내뱉으며 자리에 주저앉았다.

She let out a low groan and slumped into her seat.

'내뱉다' means 'to spit out/utter'.

식민지 시대의 민중들은 압제 속에 신음했다.

The masses of the colonial era groaned under oppression.

'민중' refers to 'the masses' or 'the people'.

병실 안은 환자들의 신음 소리로 가득 찼다.

The hospital room was filled with the groaning sounds of patients.

'~로 가득 차다' means 'to be filled with'.

그는 자신의 무능함에 신음하며 괴로워했다.

He groaned and suffered at his own incompetence.

'무능함' means 'incompetence'.

지구 온난화로 인해 생태계가 신음하고 있다.

The ecosystem is groaning due to global warming.

'생태계' means 'ecosystem'.

역사의 수레바퀴 아래에서 이름 없는 민초들이 신음했다.

The nameless commoners groaned under the wheel of history.

'민초' is a poetic term for common people (lit. 'grass roots').

그의 문학은 시대의 아픔에 신음하는 영혼들을 위로한다.

His literature comforts the souls groaning in the pain of the times.

'시대의 아픔' means 'the pain of the era'.

자본의 논리에 신음하는 인간 소외 현상을 비판했다.

He criticized the phenomenon of human alienation groaning under the logic of capital.

'인간 소외' means 'human alienation'.

그녀는 고통을 신음으로 승화시키며 예술을 창조했다.

She created art by sublimating her pain into groans.

'승화시키다' means 'to sublimate'.

전쟁의 참화 속에서 신음하는 아이들의 눈물을 보았다.

I saw the tears of children groaning in the devastation of war.

'참화' means 'devastation/catastrophe'.

그는 낡은 도덕적 관념에 신음하는 청춘들을 대변했다.

He represented the youth groaning under old moral concepts.

'대변하다' means 'to represent/speak for'.

부조리한 사회 구조 속에서 신음하던 그는 결국 침묵을 택했다.

Groaning within the irrational social structure, he eventually chose silence.

'부조리한' means 'irrational/absurd'.

자연의 신음 소리를 외면한 대가는 혹독할 것이다.

The price of ignoring nature's groans will be harsh.

'외면하다' means 'to look away/ignore'.

존재의 근원적 고독에 신음하는 현대인의 초상을 그렸다.

He painted a portrait of modern people groaning in the fundamental loneliness of existence.

'근원적' means 'fundamental/original'.

그의 연주는 마치 신음하는 영혼의 절규와도 같았다.

His performance was like the outcry of a groaning soul.

'절규' means 'outcry/shout'.

언어의 한계 속에서 신음하는 진실을 포착하려 노력했다.

He tried to capture the truth groaning within the limits of language.

'언어의 한계' means 'limits of language'.

그는 권력의 횡포에 신음하는 약자들의 편에 섰다.

He stood on the side of the weak groaning under the tyranny of power.

'횡포' means 'tyranny/oppression'.

세월의 무게에 신음하는 낡은 목조 가옥이 애처로워 보였다.

The old wooden house groaning under the weight of time looked pitiful.

'애처롭다' means 'to be pitiful/pathetic'.

그는 고통을 신음으로 치환하지 않고 묵묵히 견뎌냈다.

He did not replace his pain with groans but endured it silently.

'치환하다' means 'to substitute/replace'.

문명이라는 거대한 기계 장치 아래에서 신음하는 개개인의 삶.

The lives of individuals groaning under the giant mechanical device called civilization.

'기계 장치' means 'mechanical device'.

그의 철학은 신음하는 세계를 치유하기 위한 시도였다.

His philosophy was an attempt to heal a groaning world.

'치유' means 'healing'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

고통으로 신음하다

가난에 신음하다

부채에 신음하다

무더위에 신음하다

압제에 신음하다

신음 소리를 내다

신음 소리가 들리다

깊게 신음하다

오염으로 신음하다

전쟁에 신음하다

عبارات رایج

신음 소리

— The actual sound of groaning. Used as a noun phrase.

어디선가 신음 소리가 들려요.

신음을 토하다

— To let out a groan, often used in literature for dramatic effect.

그는 고통을 이기지 못하고 신음을 토했다.

신음이 터져 나오다

— A groan bursts out involuntarily.

너무 아파서 저절로 신음이 터져 나왔다.

신음에 찬

— Filled with groans. Used to describe a voice or a place.

신음에 찬 목소리로 도움을 요청했다.

신음을 삼키다

— To suppress a groan; to suffer silently.

그는 신음을 삼키며 끝까지 버텼다.

신음이 멈추다

— The groaning stops, implying relief or, sadly, death.

치료를 받자 환자의 신음이 멈췄다.

신음을 흘리다

— To let a groan slip out.

그는 잠결에 작은 신음을 흘렸다.

신음으로 가득하다

— To be full of groans (e.g., a hospital ward).

사고 현장은 신음으로 가득했다.

신음하며 쓰러지다

— To collapse while groaning.

그는 가슴을 움켜쥐고 신음하며 쓰러졌다.

신음하는 시대

— An era of suffering or groaning.

우리는 신음하는 시대를 살아가고 있다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

신음하다 vs 한숨을 쉬다

'한숨' is a sigh (breath), '신음' is a groan (vocal sound of pain).

신음하다 vs 앓다

'앓다' is the condition of being sick; '신음하다' is the sound made because of it.

신음하다 vs 투덜대다

'투덜대다' is complaining with words; '신음하다' is a primal sound of distress.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"신음 소리 한 번 못 내다"

— To suffer so severely or under such pressure that one cannot even groan.

그는 너무 겁에 질려 신음 소리 한 번 못 냈다.

Emotive

"대지가 신음하다"

— The land groans; used for natural disasters or environmental ruin.

가뭄으로 인해 대지가 신음하고 있다.

Literary

"역사의 수레바퀴에 신음하다"

— To suffer under the inevitable and often cruel progression of history.

민중들은 역사의 수레바퀴 아래에서 신음했다.

Academic/Literary

"돈에 신음하다"

— To suffer greatly due to lack of money.

그는 평생을 돈에 신음하며 살았다.

Neutral

"병마에 신음하다"

— To suffer under the 'demon' of disease.

그는 수년째 병마에 신음하고 있다.

Formal

"어둠 속에서 신음하다"

— To suffer in secret or in a hopeless situation.

그녀는 어둠 속에서 신음하며 도움을 기다렸다.

Literary

"침묵 속에 신음하다"

— To suffer without being able to speak out or seek help.

피해자들은 오랫동안 침묵 속에 신음했다.

Formal

"철창 안에서 신음하다"

— To suffer in prison.

그는 억울하게 철창 안에서 신음해야 했다.

Literary

"가난의 굴레에서 신음하다"

— To groan under the yoke/shackles of poverty.

그는 가난의 굴레에서 신음하며 어린 시절을 보냈다.

Literary

"만물이 신음하다"

— All of creation groans (often used in religious or environmental contexts).

환경 파괴로 인해 만물이 신음하고 있다.

Formal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

신음하다 vs 비명 (Scream)

Both are sounds of pain.

비명 is high-pitched, sudden, and short. 신음 is low, sustained, and guttural.

주사를 맞고 비명을 질렀다 vs. 수술 후 신음했다.

신음하다 vs 탄식 (Lament)

Both involve sounds of distress.

탄식 is an emotional sigh or exclamation about a situation. 신음 is a physical or deep-seated reaction to pressure.

실패를 탄식하다 vs. 고통에 신음하다.

신음하다 vs 끙끙 (Sound of struggling)

Both describe making sounds while in difficulty.

끙끙 is often used for physical effort (lifting something) or a mild fever. 신음하다 is for more serious pain or social suffering.

무거운 짐을 들고 끙끙대다 vs. 병마에 신음하다.

신음하다 vs 울음 (Crying)

Both are expressions of sadness or pain.

울음 involves tears and sobbing. 신음 is specifically the groaning sound.

아이의 울음소리 vs. 환자의 신음 소리.

신음하다 vs 곡 (Wailing)

Both are ritualistic or deep sounds of sorrow.

곡 is a specific, loud, formal mourning sound. 신음 is a general sound of pain.

장례식장에서 곡을 하다 vs. 아파서 신음하다.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Subject]이/가 [Cause]로 신음하다.

아이가 감기로 신음해요.

[Subject]이/가 신음 소리를 내다.

강아지가 신음 소리를 내요.

[Cause]에 신음하는 [Noun].

가난에 신음하는 사람들.

[Subject]이/가 신음하며 [Action].

그는 신음하며 쓰러졌다.

[Subject]이/가 [Cause]로 인해 신음하고 있다.

병원이 환자들로 인해 신음하고 있다.

[Noun]은/는 [Subject]의 신음 소리로 가득하다.

방 안은 그의 신음 소리로 가득했다.

[Abstract Concept]의 [Noun] 아래에서 신음하다.

권력의 횡포 아래에서 신음하다.

[Subject]은/는 [Noun]을/를 신음으로 치환하다/승화시키다.

그는 고통을 신음으로 승화시켰다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

신음 (呻吟) A groan; a moan.

신음 소리 The sound of a groan.

فعل‌ها

신음하다 (呻吟--) To groan; to moan.

مرتبط

앓다 (to be ill)

통증 (pain)

고통 (agony)

비명 (scream)

탄식 (lament)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in news, literature, and medical contexts; rare in casual daily chat.

اشتباهات رایج

Using '신음하다' for a simple sigh. → 한숨을 쉬다.
A sigh is breath; a groan is a vocal sound of pain.
Using '신음하다' for enjoying food. → 감탄하다.
In Korean, '신음하다' is almost always about suffering, not pleasure.
Using the object marker '을' with '신음하다'. → 신음 소리를 내다.
'신음하다' is an intransitive verb and doesn't take '을/를'.
Using '신음하다' for a minor annoyance. → 투덜대다 or 불평하다.
'신음하다' implies serious, heavy distress.
Confusing '신음' with '신문' (newspaper). → 신음.
They sound similar but '신문' is a newspaper and '신음' is a groan.

نکات

Choose the right particle

Use '로' for internal causes (pain, fever) and '에' for external pressures (debt, heat).

Use for atmosphere

In creative writing, use '신음 소리' to describe a dark or tragic setting.

Learn the Hanja

Knowing 呻 (groan) and 吟 (moan) helps you remember this word and related ones like '탄식' (lament).

Show empathy

Using this word shows you recognize the depth of someone's suffering.

Watch for it in headlines

It's a key word for understanding Korean news about the economy or climate.

Continuous form

Remember that '신음하고 있다' is much more common than the simple '신음한다' when describing a current situation.

Don't confuse with '앓다'

'앓다' is being sick; '신음하다' is the sound of it.

Keep it formal

This word is naturally formal and serious. Avoid using it in light-hearted jokes.

Metaphorical power

Don't be afraid to use it for non-human things like 'the earth' or 'the city'.

The 'eum' sound

Make sure your 'eum' sound is flat and from the back of the throat, not like 'um' in English.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Sin' (신) + 'Um' (음). If you commit a 'Sin', you might end up in a place where you say 'Um...' and groan in regret/pain.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a patient in a hospital bed with a thought bubble that says '신음...' as they make a low sound.

شبکه واژگان

Pain (고통) Hospital (병원) Debt (빚) Sound (소리) Suffering (고뇌) Economy (경제) Patient (환자) Lament (탄식)

چالش

Try to use '신음하다' in a sentence about a very hot day or a very cold winter.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from the Hanja (Sino-Korean characters) 呻 (신 - to groan) and 吟 (음 - to hum/recite/moan).

معنای اصلی: Originally referred to the low sounds made during illness or when reciting poetry in a low, rhythmic voice (though the 'pain' meaning became dominant).

Sino-Korean

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when using this in casual conversation; it is a very heavy word. Using it for small things like a paper cut might sound sarcastic or overly dramatic.

In English, 'moan' can sometimes have a sexual or positive (food) connotation. In Korean, '신음하다' is strictly for pain or suffering in standard usage.

'신음하는 대지' (The Groaning Earth) - a common title for environmental documentaries. Many Korean poems use '신음' to describe the wind in winter.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Hospital / Medical

환자가 신음하다
고통으로 신음하다
낮은 신음 소리
신음이 잦아들다

Economic Crisis

불황에 신음하다
부채에 신음하다
물가 상승에 신음하다
서민들이 신음하다

Environmental Issues

지구가 신음하다
오염으로 신음하다
가뭄에 신음하는 대지
자연의 신음

Historical / Political

압제에 신음하다
식민 통치 아래 신음하다
민중의 신음
전쟁으로 신음하다

Literature / Poetry

영혼의 신음
어둠 속에서 신음하다
신음을 토하다
신음을 삼키다

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"어제 뉴스 보니까 경제 때문에 신음하는 사람들이 많더라고요. (I saw the news yesterday, and many people are groaning because of the economy.)"

"혹시 어디 아파요? 아까 신음 소리를 들은 것 같아서요. (Are you hurt somewhere? I thought I heard a groaning sound earlier.)"

"이 소설은 전쟁 중에 신음하는 사람들의 이야기를 담고 있어요. (This novel contains stories of people groaning during the war.)"

"병실에서 신음 소리가 들리면 마음이 너무 아파요. (It breaks my heart when I hear groaning sounds in a hospital room.)"

"우리 지구가 오염으로 신음하고 있다는 걸 잊지 말아야 해요. (We must not forget that our Earth is groaning from pollution.)"

موضوعات نگارش

살면서 육체적으로 가장 심하게 신음했던 기억이 있나요? (Do you have a memory of when you groaned most severely physically?)

우리 사회에서 지금 가장 신음하고 있는 사람들은 누구라고 생각하나요? (Who do you think are the people groaning the most in our society right now?)

'지구의 신음 소리'를 들으려면 우리는 무엇을 해야 할까요? (What should we do to hear the 'groans of the Earth'?)

고통을 신음으로 내뱉는 것과 속으로 삼키는 것 중 무엇이 더 낫다고 생각하나요? (Do you think it's better to let out pain as a groan or to swallow it inside?)

신음하는 누군가를 발견했을 때 당신은 어떻게 행동하겠습니까? (How would you act if you found someone groaning?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, it is very frequently used metaphorically for social, economic, or environmental suffering. For example, a country 'groaning' under debt.

It's better not to. It sounds too dramatic for a small cut. Use '아야 소리를 내다' or '끙끙대다' for minor pain.

'신음' is the noun (a groan), and '신음 소리' is the noun phrase (groaning sound). They are often interchangeable.

Rarely, as it is quite a heavy and medical/societal word. However, it might appear in dark or very emotional ballads.

Yes. '끙끙 앓다' means to suffer from an illness while making small sounds. '신음하다' is more focused on the groan itself.

'신음 좀 그만해' (informal) or '신음하지 마세요' (formal).

Yes, if a dog or cat is in a lot of pain, you can use this word.

Yes, it often appears in TOPIK II (Intermediate/Advanced) reading passages about social issues or health.

In standard, polite Korean, it is strictly negative. In very specific, adult contexts, it might be used differently, but for general learners, always treat it as a word for pain.

Use '에'. '빚에 신음하다'.

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