bekrachtigen در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Bekrachtigen is a formal Dutch verb meaning to ratify, confirm formally, or reinforce, often used in legal, political, or psychological contexts.
- It comes from the root 'kracht' (power), literally meaning to give power or force to a decision, law, or behavioral pattern.
- Commonly found in news reports about treaties and laws, or in academic discussions regarding behavioral reinforcement and operant conditioning.
- It is a regular weak verb (bekrachtigde, bekrachtigd) and is always transitive, requiring an object like a law, agreement, or behavior.
The Dutch verb bekrachtigen is a sophisticated term primarily used in formal, legal, and psychological contexts. At its core, the word is derived from the noun kracht, which means 'power' or 'force'. When you bekrachtigen something, you are literally 'giving power to' it or 'empowering' it. In a legal sense, this translates to 'ratifying' or 'formally confirming' an agreement, a treaty, or a law. It is the act that turns a proposal into a binding reality. Without bekrachtiging (the noun form), many official documents remain mere pieces of paper without the force of law behind them.
- Legal Context
- In the Dutch legal system, the King often signs acts to bekrachtigen them. This is the final step in the legislative process. It signifies that the executive branch acknowledges and will enforce the new law. For English speakers, this is most similar to 'ratifying' or 'sanctioning' a bill.
Beyond the courtroom and the parliament, bekrachtigen plays a crucial role in behavioral psychology. Here, it is the standard translation for 'to reinforce'. When a teacher praises a student for good work, they are bekrachtigen that positive behavior. The idea is that the praise adds 'force' to the behavior, making it more likely to occur again in the future. This dual nature—one formal and rigid, the other psychological and dynamic—makes bekrachtigen a powerful tool in the Dutch vocabulary for anyone operating at a B2 level or higher.
De koning zal het nieuwe wetsvoorstel morgen officieel bekrachtigen.
In everyday professional life, you might encounter this word when dealing with contracts or high-level decisions. While you wouldn't use it to confirm a coffee date (where bevestigen is more appropriate), you would use it when a board of directors gives their final stamp of approval to a merger. It carries a weight of authority and finality. It suggests that the decision is no longer up for debate; it has been solidified and granted the authority it needs to be executed.
- Psychological Context
- Psychologists talk about 'positieve bekrachtiging' (positive reinforcement). This is a technical term used to describe rewarding desired actions to ensure they are repeated. It is a fundamental concept in education and dog training alike.
Finally, the word can also be used in a more abstract sense to mean 'confirming' or 'validating' a feeling or a suspicion. If someone’s actions match their words, those actions bekrachtigen their sincerity. It provides the evidence needed to make a concept feel 'powerful' and true in the mind of the observer. Whether you are reading a newspaper about international treaties or a textbook on child development, bekrachtigen is the bridge between a theoretical idea and its practical, authoritative application.
Haar glimlach scheen zijn hoop te bekrachtigen.
Using bekrachtigen correctly requires an understanding of its transitive nature; it always needs an object. You bekrachtigen something—a law, a treaty, a behavior, or an agreement. Because it is a weak verb, its conjugation follows the standard pattern: bekrachtigde in the past tense and bekrachtigd as the past participle. This makes it relatively straightforward for learners once they grasp the meaning.
- Syntactic Structure
- Subject + bekrachtigt + Object. Example: 'De directie bekrachtigt het besluit.' (The management ratifies the decision.)
One of the most common ways you will see this verb used is in the passive voice, especially in news reports. When a treaty is signed by several nations, the reporter might say, 'Het verdrag werd gisteren bekrachtigd door alle lidstaten.' This emphasizes the action of validation rather than the individuals who did it. In B2-level writing, using the passive voice with bekrachtigen adds a necessary layer of formality and objectivity.
Het vonnis van de rechtbank werd door de Hoge Raad bekrachtigd.
In psychological or educational contexts, the word is often used in the infinitive form following a modal verb or as part of a 'te + infinitive' construction. For example, 'Het is belangrijk om gewenst gedrag te bekrachtigen.' (It is important to reinforce desired behavior.) Here, the focus is on the strategy of reinforcement. Notice how the word maintains its formal tone even when discussing child-rearing or animal training.
- Social and Emotional Usage
- You can use it to describe how one fact supports another. 'De nieuwe cijfers bekrachtigen onze eerdere conclusies.' (The new figures confirm our earlier conclusions.)
When using it in a sentence, consider the level of 'authority' involved. If you are simply agreeing with a friend about where to eat, bekrachtigen is too heavy. If you are a manager finalizing a new policy that will affect a hundred employees, bekrachtigen is the perfect choice. It signals that the decision is now official and backed by the 'power' of the office.
De partijen kwamen bijeen om hun samenwerking met een handdruk te bekrachtigen.
If you tune into the Dutch news program NOS Journaal, you are likely to hear bekrachtigen during segments on international politics or domestic legislation. Reporters use it to describe the formalization of agreements between world leaders. For instance, after a climate summit, you might hear about which countries have already 'bekrachtigd' the agreement in their home parliaments. It is a staple of political journalism.
- In the Media
- Look for headlines like 'Parlement bekrachtigt noodtoestand' (Parliament ratifies state of emergency). It appears in written news more often than spoken casual conversation.
In the academic and scientific world, particularly in the social sciences, bekrachtigen is indispensable. If you are attending a lecture on psychology at a Dutch university, the professor will frequently use the term when discussing operant conditioning. They will talk about 'bekrachtigingsschema's' (reinforcement schedules) and how certain stimuli can bekrachtigen a subject's response. It is the technical jargon of the field.
In de psychologie spreekt men van beloningen die het gedrag bekrachtigen.
Another place you will hear this word is in the courtroom or legal documents. If an appeals court decides that a previous ruling was correct, they will bekrachtigen that ruling. This means they are upholding it and giving it the final legal 'kracht' it needs to be executed. If you ever find yourself reading a Dutch legal verdict or a contract, keep an eye out for this word; it signifies the moment of formal validation.
- Corporate Environment
- During a 'jaarvergadering' (annual general meeting), shareholders might be asked to 'bekrachtigen' the decisions made by the board over the past year.
Lastly, you might hear it in very formal ceremonies. When a marriage is finalized in a civil ceremony, the registrar might use formal language to indicate that the union has been bekrachtigd. It adds a sense of gravity and historical weight to the proceedings, distinguishing the legal act from the social celebration.
De plechtige ceremonie diende om hun verbond te bekrachtigen.
The most frequent mistake learners make with bekrachtigen is using it in contexts that are too informal. Because English speakers often translate it as 'to confirm', they might try to say 'Ik bekrachtig onze afspraak voor morgen' (I confirm our appointment for tomorrow). This sounds incredibly strange to a Dutch ear—almost as if you are a king ratifying a treaty with your dentist. For daily confirmations, always use bevestigen.
- Bekrachtigen vs. Bevestigen
- Use 'bevestigen' for facts and appointments. Use 'bekrachtigen' for legal acts, psychological reinforcement, or making an agreement binding.
Another common error involves the conjugation of the verb. Some learners assume that because the root is kracht, it might be a strong verb with a vowel change. However, bekrachtigen is entirely regular. The past tense is bekrachtigde, not something like 'bekrocht'. Similarly, the past participle is bekrachtigd. Avoid overcomplicating the grammar; focus instead on the appropriate register.
Incorrect: De koning heeft de wet bevestigd. (Meaning he said 'yes, the law exists')
Correct: De koning heeft de wet bekrachtigd. (Meaning he gave it legal force)
A third mistake is confusing bekrachtigen with versterken (to strengthen). While both involve the concept of 'power' or 'strength', versterken is usually physical or literal. You versterken a bridge or a signal. You bekrachtigen a decision or a behavior. If you say you are 'bekrachtigen' a wall, people will think you are trying to give the wall legal rights or reward it for standing still!
- Preposition Issues
- 'Bekrachtigen' does not usually take a preposition. It is a direct transitive verb. Don't say 'bekrachtigen aan' or 'bekrachtigen van'.
Finally, be careful with the word krachtens. While it looks similar, it is a preposition meaning 'by virtue of' or 'according to'. 'Krachtens de wet' means 'according to the law'. While related to the same root, it serves a completely different grammatical function than the verb bekrachtigen. Mixing these up can make your legal or formal writing very confusing.
Het is fout om te zeggen: "Ik zal dat bekrachtigen met een e-mail" als je bedoelt dat je een afspraak bevestigt.
To master bekrachtigen, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and near-synonyms. Each has a slightly different shade of meaning and belongs to a different register. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a dictionary.
- Ratificeren
- Bekrachtigen vs. Ratificeren: 'Ratificeren' is even more formal and is almost exclusively used for international treaties. While you can 'bekrachtigen' a child's behavior, you would never 'ratificeren' it. Use 'ratificeren' only in high-level diplomacy.
- Bevestigen
- Bekrachtigen vs. Bevestigen: As discussed, 'bevestigen' is the general word for 'to confirm'. It is neutral and can be used for everything from hotel bookings to scientific facts. 'Bekrachtigen' is the 'heavy-duty' version for formal validation.
- Valideren
- Bekrachtigen vs. Valideren: 'Valideren' is often used in technical or data-driven contexts. You 'valideren' a ticket or a scientific model. It means checking if something is correct or legitimate, whereas 'bekrachtigen' is about giving it official force.
In literary or highly formal speech, you might encounter bezegelen. This literally means 'to seal'. It is often used metaphorically, as in 'hun vriendschap bezegelen met een glas wijn' (sealing their friendship with a glass of wine). It shares the sense of finality with bekrachtigen but is more poetic and less clinical.
De overeenkomst werd bezegeld met een officiële handtekening.
In the realm of psychology, alternatives might include belonen (to reward) or stimuleren (to stimulate). However, bekrachtigen is the precise term for the mechanism of reinforcement. If you want to sound like an expert in pedagogy or behavioral science, bekrachtigen is the word you need. It describes the effect on the behavior rather than just the act of giving a reward.
Finally, consider sanctioneren. In English, 'sanction' can mean both to permit and to punish. In Dutch, sanctioneren usually means to officially approve or 'bekrachtigen'. However, it is less common than bekrachtigen and can sometimes carry the connotation of imposing a penalty (sanctie). Stick to bekrachtigen for most formal 'confirmations' to avoid ambiguity.
De overheid besloot de nieuwe richtlijnen te sanctioneren.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The root 'kracht' is related to the English word 'craft', which originally meant strength or power before it evolved to mean a skill or trade.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Stressing the first syllable (BE-krachtigen) like in English 'BE-come'.
- Pronouncing the 'ch' as a 'k' sound like in 'character'. It must be the Dutch guttural 'g/ch'.
- Treating it as a separable verb (krachtigen be).
- Pronouncing the final 'n' too strongly; in many Dutch dialects, the 'n' is silent.
- Confusing the vowel in 'kracht' with the long 'aa' in 'krachten'.
سطح دشواری
Common in news and academic texts, but requires context to distinguish legal vs psychological meanings.
Hard to use correctly without sounding overly formal or using it in the wrong register.
Rarely used in daily speech; knowing when NOT to use it is as important as knowing when to use it.
Easily recognizable due to the root 'kracht', but can be confused with 'bevestigen'.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Inseparable Verbs with 'be-'
Bekrachtigen is inseparable. You say: 'Ik bekrachtig', not 'Ik krachtig be'.
Weak Verb Conjugation
Bekrachtigen - bekrachtigde - bekrachtigd. It follows the regular 't kofschip' rule (soft 'g' at the end of the stem 'bekrachtig' means +de).
Passive Voice with 'worden' and 'zijn'
De wet wordt bekrachtigd (process) vs. De wet is bekrachtigd (result).
Transitive Verbs
Bekrachtigen always needs a direct object. You cannot just 'bekrachtigen' without saying what.
Nominalization
Verbs can be turned into nouns by adding '-ing': bekrachtiging.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
De koning moet de wet bekrachtigen.
The king must ratify the law.
Simple subject + modal + object + infinitive.
Zij bekrachtigen het plan.
They confirm the plan formally.
Present tense, plural.
De baas bekrachtigt de afspraak.
The boss formalizes the agreement.
Present tense, singular.
Wij bekrachtigen onze vriendschap.
We formalize our friendship.
Used here in a slightly more formal way than usual.
Het papier is bekrachtigd.
The paper is ratified.
Passive voice with 'is'.
Hij wil de keuze bekrachtigen.
He wants to confirm the choice.
Infinitive after 'wil'.
Bekrachtigen zij het verdrag?
Do they ratify the treaty?
Question form.
De handtekening bekrachtigt alles.
The signature formalizes everything.
Subject is 'de handtekening'.
De minister zal de nieuwe regels bekrachtigen.
The minister will ratify the new rules.
Future tense with 'zal'.
Het parlement heeft het besluit bekrachtigd.
Parliament has ratified the decision.
Present perfect tense.
Je moet goed gedrag bekrachtigen.
You must reinforce good behavior.
Psychological context.
De directeur bekrachtigde de samenwerking gisteren.
The director ratified the collaboration yesterday.
Past tense 'bekrachtigde'.
Zonder handtekening kunnen we niets bekrachtigen.
Without a signature, we can ratify nothing.
Negative construction with 'niets'.
De landen bekrachtigen de vrede.
The countries ratify the peace.
Formal political context.
Het is nodig om dit officieel te bekrachtigen.
It is necessary to ratify this officially.
Te + infinitive construction.
Bekrachtigt de rechter dit vonnis?
Does the judge uphold this verdict?
Legal context.
De leraar probeert de inzet van de leerlingen te bekrachtigen.
The teacher tries to reinforce the students' effort.
Use of 'proberen te'.
Het verdrag werd door alle partijen bekrachtigd.
The treaty was ratified by all parties.
Passive voice with 'werd'.
Deze nieuwe data bekrachtigen onze eerdere theorie.
This new data reinforces our earlier theory.
Metaphorical use meaning 'to support'.
De raad van bestuur zal de benoeming volgende week bekrachtigen.
The board of directors will ratify the appointment next week.
Future tense in a corporate context.
Het is essentieel om positieve acties te bekrachtigen.
It is essential to reinforce positive actions.
Formal adjective 'essentieel'.
De burgemeester bekrachtigde de noodverordening onmiddellijk.
The mayor ratified the emergency ordinance immediately.
Adverb 'onmiddellijk' modifying the action.
Zij weigerden de overeenkomst te bekrachtigen.
They refused to ratify the agreement.
Verb 'weigeren' + te + infinitive.
De resultaten bekrachtigen de noodzaak voor verandering.
The results reinforce the need for change.
Abstract subject 'resultaten'.
De Hoge Raad heeft het eerdere vonnis bekrachtigd, waardoor de zaak gesloten is.
The Supreme Court has upheld the earlier verdict, closing the case.
Complex sentence with a relative clause.
In de psychologie wordt vaak onderzocht hoe men gedrag het beste kan bekrachtigen.
In psychology, it is often studied how one can best reinforce behavior.
Passive voice with 'wordt... onderzocht'.
De plechtige ceremonie diende om hun jarenlange verbond te bekrachtigen.
The solemn ceremony served to formalize their years-long alliance.
Use of 'diende om'.
Het staatshoofd weigerde de wet te bekrachtigen, wat leidde tot een politieke crisis.
The head of state refused to ratify the law, which led to a political crisis.
Relative clause 'wat leidde tot'.
Door complimenten te geven, kun je de motivatie van je team bekrachtigen.
By giving compliments, you can reinforce your team's motivation.
Gerund-like 'Door... te geven' construction.
De statuten van de vereniging moeten nog door de notaris worden bekrachtigd.
The association's statutes still need to be ratified by the notary.
Passive with 'moeten worden'.
Deze ontdekking bekrachtigt de positie van het instituut als wereldleider.
This discovery reinforces the institute's position as a world leader.
Abstract metaphorical use.
Men streeft ernaar om de internationale samenwerking formeel te bekrachtigen.
One strives to formally ratify international cooperation.
Use of 'streeft ernaar om'.
De empirische bevindingen lijken de hypothese van de onderzoekers krachtig te bekrachtigen.
The empirical findings seem to strongly reinforce the researchers' hypothesis.
Academic register with 'empirische bevindingen'.
Het uitblijven van een reactie bekrachtigde zijn vermoeden dat er iets mis was.
The lack of a reaction reinforced his suspicion that something was wrong.
Abstract subject 'uitblijven van een reactie'.
De senaat kwam bijeen om de constitutionele wijzigingen ceremonieel te bekrachtigen.
The senate met to ceremonially ratify the constitutional changes.
High-level political vocabulary.
In dit pedagogisch model staat het bekrachtigen van autonomie centraal.
In this pedagogical model, reinforcing autonomy is central.
Gerund 'het bekrachtigen'.
De handtekening van de gevolmachtigde was voldoende om de koop te bekrachtigen.
The signature of the authorized representative was sufficient to formalize the sale.
Legal term 'gevolmachtigde'.
De getuigenis van de deskundige bekrachtigde de bewijsvoering van het Openbaar Ministerie.
The expert's testimony reinforced the Public Prosecution Service's evidence.
Legal terminology 'bewijsvoering'.
Het verdrag zal pas rechtskracht hebben zodra het door het staatshoofd is bekrachtigd.
The treaty will only have legal force once it has been ratified by the head of state.
Use of 'zodra' and 'rechtskracht'.
De aanhoudende successen bekrachtigen de gekozen koers van het bedrijf.
The ongoing successes reinforce the chosen course of the company.
Business strategy metaphor.
De constitutionele bekrachtiging van wetgeving door de vorst is in veel monarchieën een louter formele handeling.
The constitutional ratification of legislation by the monarch is a purely formal act in many monarchies.
Noun form 'bekrachtiging' used in a complex academic sentence.
Men kan zich afvragen in hoeverre negatieve sancties het ongewenste gedrag onbedoeld bekrachtigen.
One might wonder to what extent negative sanctions unintentionally reinforce the undesired behavior.
Philosophical/Psychological inquiry.
De retoriek van de politicus diende louter om de vooroordelen van zijn achterban te bekrachtigen.
The politician's rhetoric served merely to reinforce the prejudices of his constituency.
Critical social analysis.
De ondertekening door de gevolmachtigde ministers diende om de soevereiniteit van de nieuwe staat te bekrachtigen.
The signing by the plenipotentiary ministers served to ratify the sovereignty of the new state.
Highly specialized diplomatic language.
De rechterlijke uitspraak bekrachtigde de eerdere jurisprudentie aangaande privacyrechten.
The judicial ruling reinforced the earlier case law regarding privacy rights.
Legal term 'jurisprudentie'.
Het is een psychologisch mechanisme waarbij externe validatie de innerlijke onzekerheid paradoxaal genoeg kan bekrachtigen.
It is a psychological mechanism where external validation can paradoxically reinforce inner uncertainty.
Complex psychological paradox.
Zijn weigering om het compromis te bekrachtigen, torpedeerde de maandenlange onderhandelingen.
His refusal to ratify the compromise torpedoed the months of negotiations.
Strong verb 'torpedeerde' combined with 'bekrachtigen'.
De fusieregeling werd bekrachtigd onder voorbehoud van goedkeuring door de mededingingsautoriteit.
The merger agreement was ratified subject to approval by the competition authority.
Legal caveat 'onder voorbehoud van'.
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To formalize something in a public or legal way.
De president zal de wet morgen officieel bekrachtigen.
— To ratify something by royal decree.
De wijziging werd bij koninklijk besluit bekrachtigd.
— To make something official by signing it.
Zij bekrachtigden het contract met een handtekening.
— To be ratified by the senate.
Het verdrag moet nog door de senaat worden bekrachtigd.
— To mutually reinforce or confirm each other.
Hun acties bekrachtigen wederzijds hun vertrouwen.
— To ratify in a solemn or ceremonial manner.
De vrede werd plechtig bekrachtigd in de kathedraal.
— To ratify something retroactively.
De beslissing werd met terugwerkende kracht bekrachtigd.
— To formalize a covenant or alliance.
Zij kwamen samen om hun verbond te bekrachtigen.
— To reinforce a lie (often unintentionally).
Door te zwijgen bekrachtigde hij haar leugen.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
English 'confirm'. Use 'bevestigen' for appointments and facts. Use 'bekrachtigen' for official validation.
English 'strengthen'. Use 'versterken' for physical strength or making something louder/better. Use 'bekrachtigen' for authority/reinforcement.
This is a preposition meaning 'by virtue of'. Don't confuse the preposition with the verb.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To seal something (like a promise or marriage) with a kiss.
Zij bekrachtigden hun liefde met een kus.
Romantic/Literary— To strengthen or formalize ties between people or nations.
Het bezoek diende om de diplomatieke banden te bekrachtigen.
Formal— To uphold a judicial decision (legal idiom).
De Hoge Raad bekrachtigde het vonnis.
Legal— To seal a deal with a handshake.
In de zakenwereld bekrachtigt men vaak een deal met een handdruk.
Business— To confirm the truth of something.
Zijn getuigenis bekrachtigde de waarheid van haar verhaal.
Formal— To reinforce or uphold a tradition.
Het jaarlijkse feest bekrachtigt onze tradities.
Cultural— To consolidate or formalize power.
De dictator probeerde zijn macht te bekrachtigen met een schijnverkiezing.
Political— To formalize a commitment or union.
Het paar wilde hun verbintenis bekrachtigen voor de wet.
Formal— To solidify or confirm a success.
De goede recensies bekrachtigden het succes van de film.
Generalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both start with 'be-' (or look similar) and involve power/authority.
'Machtigen' means to authorize a person to do something. 'Bekrachtigen' means to validate a thing or behavior.
Ik machtig mijn broer om mijn post op te halen.
Both mean official approval.
'Sanctioneren' is less common and can also mean 'to punish' (sanctie). 'Bekrachtigen' is safer for 'validation'.
De overheid moet de nieuwe regels sanctioneren.
Both mean to make valid.
'Valideren' is often technical (data, tickets). 'Bekrachtigen' is institutional or psychological.
Je moet je pasje valideren bij de ingang.
Both mean to finalize.
'Bezegelen' is metaphorical or literary (seal a deal). 'Bekrachtigen' is formal and precise.
Zij bezegelden hun lot met die ene fout.
Both are legal terms for approval.
'Homologeren' is a very specific legal term for court approval of a record or agreement.
De rechter zal het akkoord homologeren.
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Onderwerp] bekrachtigt [Object].
De koning bekrachtigt de wet.
[Object] werd bekrachtigd door [Onderwerp].
Het verdrag werd bekrachtigd door de landen.
Het is belangrijk om [Gedrag] te bekrachtigen.
Het is belangrijk om goed gedrag te bekrachtigen.
[Gebeurtenis] bekrachtigt [Vermoeden/Theorie].
Zijn komst bekrachtigt mijn vermoeden.
Men streeft naar het bekrachtigen van [Zelfstandig naamwoord].
Men streeft naar het bekrachtigen van de samenwerking.
Onder voorbehoud van [Voorwaarde] zal men [Object] bekrachtigen.
Onder voorbehoud van goedkeuring zal men de fusie bekrachtigen.
De bekrachtiging van [Object] vond plaats in [Locatie].
De bekrachtiging van het verdrag vond plaats in Brussel.
[Abstract concept] dient ter bekrachtiging van [Ander concept].
Deze ceremonie dient ter bekrachtiging van de soevereiniteit.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common in professional and academic writing; rare in spoken Dutch except in formal news or lectures.
-
Using 'bekrachtigen' for a doctor's appointment.
→
Ik wil mijn afspraak bevestigen.
'Bekrachtigen' is too formal for simple appointments.
-
Separating the verb: 'De koning krachtigt de wet be.'
→
De koning bekrachtigt de wet.
'Bekrachtigen' is an inseparable verb.
-
Using 'bekrachtigen' to mean 'to make physically stronger'.
→
We moeten de muur versterken.
'Bekrachtigen' is for abstract or legal power, not physical strength.
-
Incorrect past tense: 'De wet werd bekrocht.'
→
De wet werd bekrachtigd.
'Bekrachtigen' is a weak verb, not a strong one.
-
Confusing 'bekrachtigen' with 'machtigen'.
→
Ik machtig hem om te tekenen.
'Machtigen' is to authorize a person; 'bekrachtigen' is to validate a thing.
نکات
Use for Laws
Always use 'bekrachtigen' when talking about the final step of a legislative process. It shows you understand Dutch legal terminology.
Reinforcement
In pedagogical or psychological contexts, use 'bekrachtigen' for 'reinforce'. It is the standard technical term.
Stay Formal
Only use this word in formal writing or professional settings. Avoid it in WhatsApp messages to friends.
Regular Verb
Don't overthink the conjugation. It follows the standard weak verb rules perfectly: bekrachtig + de / d.
Vs. Bevestigen
If you are unsure, use 'bevestigen'. It is safer and more common. Use 'bekrachtigen' only when there is an element of 'power' or 'official status' involved.
Root Word
Link it to 'kracht' (power). To bekrachtigen is to empower a decision.
Handshakes
Use the phrase 'met een handdruk bekrachtigen' to describe a deal that is finalized and respected by both parties.
Theories
Use it when data supports a theory: 'De resultaten bekrachtigen de hypothese'.
Court Verdicts
When a higher court agrees with a lower court, they 'bekrachtigen het vonnis'.
Be-Power
Think of it as 'Be-Powering'. You are giving power (kracht) to something.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Think of a judge giving a document a powerful (KRACHT) stamp. He is 'BE-KRACHT-igen' it—giving it power.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a king holding a giant seal. As he presses it onto a paper, the paper starts to glow with light (power). He has just bekrachtigd the law.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to write three sentences: one about a king, one about a scientist, and one about a teacher, all using 'bekrachtigen' correctly.
ریشه کلمه
The word is formed from the prefix 'be-', the noun 'kracht' (power), and the verbalizing suffix '-igen'. It appeared in Middle Dutch as 'bekrachtigen'.
معنای اصلی: Literally 'to give power to' or 'to make powerful'.
Germanic (Dutch). Cognate with German 'bekräftigen'.بافت فرهنگی
No specific sensitivities, but ensure you don't use it in informal settings where it might sound mocking or overly arrogant.
English speakers often use 'ratify' or 'reinforce'. 'Bekrachtigen' covers both, which can be confusing at first.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Legal/Legislative
- De wet bekrachtigen
- Het vonnis bekrachtigen
- Bekrachtiging door de koning
- Een overeenkomst bekrachtigen
Psychology/Education
- Positief bekrachtigen
- Negatief bekrachtigen
- Gedrag bekrachtigen
- Bekrachtigingsschema
Diplomacy
- Een internationaal verdrag bekrachtigen
- De samenwerking bekrachtigen
- Diplomatieke banden bekrachtigen
- Het protocol bekrachtigen
Corporate/Management
- Een besluit bekrachtigen
- De benoeming bekrachtigen
- Een fusie bekrachtigen
- De jaarrekening bekrachtigen
Scientific/Academic
- Een hypothese bekrachtigen
- De resultaten bekrachtigen
- Een theorie bekrachtigen
- Empirische bekrachtiging
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Hoe kan een overheid het beste nieuwe milieuwetten bekrachtigen?"
"Vind je dat positief bekrachtigen in het onderwijs belangrijker is dan straffen?"
"Wanneer heb je voor het laatst een belangrijke beslissing met een handtekening bekrachtigd?"
"Denk je dat internationale verdragen nuttig zijn als niet alle landen ze bekrachtigen?"
"Hoe bekrachtigen jouw vrienden hun onderlinge band?"
موضوعات نگارش
Schrijf over een moment waarop iemand jouw inzet positief bekrachtigde. Wat was het effect op jou?
Reflecteer op de rol van de koning in Nederland. Is het bekrachtigen van wetten een belangrijke taak of slechts een symbool?
Stel je voor dat je een nieuw land opricht. Welke drie wetten zou je als eerste willen bekrachtigen?
Hoe bekrachtig je voor jezelf je eigen doelen en ambities in je dagboek?
Beschrijf een situatie waarin een vermoeden dat je had, werd bekrachtigd door de feiten.
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, that would sound much too formal and strange. Use 'bevestigen' for social appointments. 'Bekrachtigen' is reserved for things like laws, treaties, or rewarding behavior.
No, 'bekrachtigen' is an inseparable verb. The 'be-' prefix stays attached to the stem in all forms (e.g., 'ik bekrachtig', 'wij bekrachtigen').
'Ratificeren' is almost exclusively used for international treaties. 'Bekrachtigen' is broader and can be used for domestic laws, corporate decisions, and psychological reinforcement.
It means 'to reinforce'. For example, 'positieve bekrachtiging' is positive reinforcement—giving a reward to encourage a certain behavior.
It is a weak verb. Its past tense is 'bekrachtigde' and its past participle is 'bekrachtigd'.
Usually, you bekrachtigen an action, a decision, or a behavior, not a person. However, you can 'bekrachtigen' a person in their role, but even then, 'bevestigen' is more common.
'Ontkrachten' is the opposite of 'bekrachtigen'. It means to debunk, invalidate, or weaken an argument or theory.
In the Dutch constitutional monarchy, the King's signature (bekrachtiging) is the final formal step to make a law passed by parliament valid.
No, it is quite rare in daily speech. You will mostly hear it in news, legal contexts, or academic lectures.
The noun form is 'bekrachtiging', which means ratification or reinforcement.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
Write a sentence using 'bekrachtigen' about a teacher and a student.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a formal sentence about a new law.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'bekrachtigen' in a sentence about a scientific discovery.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Explain in Dutch why a signature is important for a contract.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about international diplomacy.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Discuss the role of 'bekrachtiging' in the Dutch legislative process.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using the passive voice of 'bekrachtigen'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a situation where a suspicion was confirmed.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use the noun 'bekrachtiging' in a sentence about psychology.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about two friends making a deal.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a court case.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'bekrachtigen' to describe a manager's action.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'The government ratified the agreement.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'It is essential to reinforce positive changes.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence using 'bekrachtigen' and 'onder voorbehoud'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Describe a ceremony using 'bekrachtigen'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a sentence about a scientific theory.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Use 'bekrachtigen' in a sentence about personal values.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Translate: 'We will ratify the decision tomorrow.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Write a complex sentence about constitutional law.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
Leg uit wat 'bekrachtigen' betekent in je eigen woorden.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Vertel over een situatie waarin een koning een wet bekrachtigt.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Geef een voorbeeld van positieve bekrachtiging op de werkvloer.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Zou je 'bekrachtigen' gebruiken om een afspraak met een vriend te bevestigen? Waarom wel of niet?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Hoe bekrachtig je een vriendschap of een relatie?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Wat is het belang van het bekrachtigen van internationale verdragen?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Gebruik 'bekrachtigen' in een zin over een handtekening.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Wat gebeurt er als een wet niet wordt bekrachtigd?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Hoe bekrachtigen wetenschappelijke experimenten een hypothese?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Spreek de zin uit: 'De koning bekrachtigt de nieuwe wet.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Wat is het verschil tussen 'bevestigen' en 'bekrachtigen'?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Waarom is bekrachtiging belangrijk in de psychologie?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Maak een vraag met het woord 'bekrachtigd'.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Hoe bekrachtigt een rechter een vonnis?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Discussieer over 'negatieve bekrachtiging' versus 'straf'.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Gebruik 'bekrachtigen' in een zin over een sportteam.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Wat is een 'bekrachtigingsschema'?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Hoe bekrachtigen we democratische waarden in de samenleving?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Zeg 'bekrachtiging' drie keer snel achter elkaar.
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Is bekrachtiging door de vorst nog relevant in de moderne tijd?
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Listen to the sentence: 'Het verdrag werd gisteren officieel bekrachtigd.' What happened yesterday?
Listen: 'De leraar bekrachtigt het gedrag van de leerling.' What is the teacher doing?
Listen: 'De Hoge Raad bekrachtigde het eerdere vonnis.' What did the court decide?
Listen: 'Zij bekrachtigden hun vriendschap met een cadeau.' How did they seal their friendship?
Listen: 'De wet moet nog worden bekrachtigd door de koning.' Is the law already in effect?
Listen: 'Positieve bekrachtiging is effectiever dan straf.' What is the main point?
Listen: 'Zijn daden bekrachtigen zijn woorden.' What is the relationship between his words and actions?
Listen: 'De raad bekrachtigde het besluit unaniem.' How many people in the council agreed?
Listen: 'De bekrachtiging van het verdrag laat op zich wachten.' Is the ratification happening quickly?
Listen: 'Ik bekrachtig onze afspraak met deze e-mail.' Is this a natural sentence?
Listen: 'De minister bekrachtigde de nieuwe veiligheidsregels.' What did the minister do?
Listen: 'De resultaten bekrachtigen de noodzaak voor verandering.' What do the results show?
Listen: 'Zonder handtekening kunnen we niets bekrachtigen.' What is missing?
Listen: 'De ceremonie diende om hun verbond te bekrachtigen.' What was the purpose of the ceremony?
Listen: 'Dit bekrachtigt mijn eerdere vermoeden.' Did the speaker's suspicion change?
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The key takeaway for 'bekrachtigen' is its formal weight. Unlike the common 'bevestigen' (to confirm), 'bekrachtigen' implies the exercise of authority to make something legally binding or psychologically stronger. Example: 'De koning bekrachtigt de wet' (The king ratifies the law).
- Bekrachtigen is a formal Dutch verb meaning to ratify, confirm formally, or reinforce, often used in legal, political, or psychological contexts.
- It comes from the root 'kracht' (power), literally meaning to give power or force to a decision, law, or behavioral pattern.
- Commonly found in news reports about treaties and laws, or in academic discussions regarding behavioral reinforcement and operant conditioning.
- It is a regular weak verb (bekrachtigde, bekrachtigd) and is always transitive, requiring an object like a law, agreement, or behavior.
Use for Laws
Always use 'bekrachtigen' when talking about the final step of a legislative process. It shows you understand Dutch legal terminology.
Reinforcement
In pedagogical or psychological contexts, use 'bekrachtigen' for 'reinforce'. It is the standard technical term.
Stay Formal
Only use this word in formal writing or professional settings. Avoid it in WhatsApp messages to friends.
Regular Verb
Don't overthink the conjugation. It follows the standard weak verb rules perfectly: bekrachtig + de / d.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر law
aangifte
B2گزارش یا اظهارنامه رسمی، اغلب به پلیس یا اداره مالیات.
aansprakelijk
B1Legally responsible
afschaffen
B2منسوخ کردن یا از میان برداشتن رسمی یک قانون، سیستم یا سنت.
auteursrecht
C1Copyright, the legal right of ownership for creative work.
beklag
B2A formal expression of dissatisfaction
bemiddelaar
B1میانجی فردی است که تلاش می کند طرفین را آشتی دهد. این فرد به عنوان پلی بین دو گروه مخالف عمل می کند تا به آنها در یافتن راه حل مشترک کمک کند.
beschuldigen
B2To claim that someone has done something wrong
beschuldiging
B2A claim that someone did something wrong
beslechting
C1The settlement or resolution of a conflict or dispute.
bevoegdheid
C1Authority, competence, or power to do something.
