B1 · متوسط فصل 38

Infinitives and Gerunds

3 مجموع قواعد
36 مثال‌ها
1 دقیقه
قواعد این فصل تمرین سریع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of linking actions seamlessly using Swedish infinitives and noun-like verb forms.

  • Connect verbs using the infinitive marker 'att'.
  • Function as a subject using infinitive phrases.
  • Identify noun-like verb constructions in natural speech.
Connect actions, master flow.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Advanced usage of the infinitive after specific verbs. Learners will refine their verb structures.

  • Infinitive After Verbs
    Use 'att' for most verb pairs, but skip it after modals like 'can', 'will', or 'must'.
  • Infinitive as Subject
    Start your sentence with 'att' + verb to turn an action into a subject.
  • Gerund-like Structures
    Forget '-ing'—in Swedish, the infinitive with 'att' does all the heavy lifting for verbal nouns.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use the infinitive marker 'att' after modal and perception verbs correctly.

مثال‌های کلیدی (6)

1

Jag försöker att förstå vad du säger.

I am trying to understand what you are saying.

Infinitive After Verbs
2

Hon lovade att inte berätta hemligheten.

She promised not to tell the secret.

Infinitive After Verbs
3

Att förstå grammatik kräver tålamod.

Understanding grammar requires patience.

Infinitive as Subject
4

Att hjälpa andra är givande.

Helping others is rewarding.

Infinitive as Subject
5

Han gick utan att säga hejdå.

He left without saying goodbye.

Gerund-like Structures
6

Genom att träna blir du starkare.

By exercising, you become stronger.

Gerund-like Structures

نکات و ترفندها (3)

🎯

The Modal Shortcut

If you can translate the first verb to an English modal (can, must, shall), you almost certainly don't need 'att'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive After Verbs
💡

Keep it short

Don't make the infinitive phrase too long.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive as Subject
💡

The 'Å' Trick

When listening, listen for the sound 'å'. It's usually 'att'. If you hear 'å' before a verb, it's this gerund-like structure.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Gerund-like Structures

واژگان کلیدی (6)

att försöka to try att hoppas to hope att lära sig to learn att börja to begin att älska to love att springa to run

Real-World Preview

plane

Planning a Trip

Review Summary

  • Verb + att + infinitive
  • Att + infinitive + är + adjective
  • Noun equivalent

اشتباهات رایج

Swedish requires the 'att' marker to connect these verbs. Omitting it is a common error for English speakers.

Wrong: Jag gillar simma.
صحیح: Jag gillar att simma.

While 'simmande' exists, it is rarely used as a gerund. 'Att' + infinitive is the natural choice.

Wrong: Simmandet är kul.
صحیح: Att simma är kul.

The word after 'att' must be in the infinitive form, not conjugated.

Wrong: Att går är bra.
صحیح: Att gå är bra.

Next Steps

You are making fantastic progress! Keep practicing these structures until they feel automatic.

Write a diary entry listing three things you want to do.

Continue to: Word Formation

تمرین سریع (9)

Fill in the blank with 'att' or leave it empty (-).

Jag hoppas ___ träffa dig imorgon.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: att
'Hoppas' is a standard verb that requires the infinitive marker.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive After Verbs

Fill in the missing word.

___ simma är kul.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Att
The particle is 'att'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive as Subject

Correct the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Vi måste att gå nu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Vi måste gå nu.
'Måste' is a modal verb; remove 'att'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive After Verbs

Fill in the missing particle and verb form.

Jag gillar ___ (läsa) böcker.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: att läsa
After 'gillar', we use 'att' + infinitive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Gerund-like Structures

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

Select the correct way to say 'Swimming is fun'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Att simma är roligt.
A verb as a subject needs 'att' + infinitive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Gerund-like Structures

Correct the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Han gick utan att säger hejdå.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: utan att säga
We must use the infinitive 'säga' after 'utan att'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Gerund-like Structures

Choose the correct form to complete the sentence.

Jag kan ___ svenska.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: tala
'Kan' is a modal verb and does not take 'att'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive After Verbs

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Simmande är roligt.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Att simma är roligt.
No gerunds.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive as Subject

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Att läsa är bra.
Needs 'att' + infinitive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Infinitive as Subject

Score: /9

سوالات رایج (6)

Only if you are followed by a new clause with a different subject, e.g., Jag vill att du går (I want you to leave). Never use it for your own action.
In fast speech, it's often reduced to a short å sound. In some dialects, it might be dropped entirely after certain verbs like börja.
Yes, almost any verb can be nominalized this way.
It is neutral and fits most contexts.
Rarely. It's usually for people (en studerande - a student) or specific formal terms. For actions, always use att + infinitive.
Modal verbs like kan, vill, ska, måste, and bör are followed by the bare infinitive without att.
فصل قبلی
Complex Conjunctions
فصل بعدی
Word Formation
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