B2 verb رسمی 1 دقیقه مطالعه

施加

shijia /ʂʐ̩˥ tɕja˥/
Practice it

Shi Jia is a formal verb used to describe the intentional application of abstract forces like pressure, influence, or sanctions.

واژه در 30 ثانیه

  • To exert or impose abstract forces like pressure or influence.
  • Commonly used in formal, political, or psychological contexts.
  • Follows the pattern: 'Exert [Noun] on/towards [Target]'.

常见语境：在政治和外交新闻中，常听到‘施加经济制裁’；在职场或教育讨论中，常提到‘施加心理压力’；在社会评论中，则常用‘施加社会影响’。

  1. 1词义辨析：'施加'与'强加'不同，'强加' (qiángjiā) 带有明显的贬义，指违背他人意愿硬塞给对方（如强加观点）；而'施加'较为中性，侧重于动作的发生和作用。与'给予' (jǐyǔ) 相比，'施加'显得更有力度，通常涉及权力的不对等或某种外部干预。

مثال‌ها

1

父母不应该给孩子施加过多的学习压力。

everyday

Parents should not exert too much academic pressure on their children.

2

国际组织决定对该地区施加经济制裁。

formal

International organizations decided to impose economic sanctions on the region.

3

朋友的建议对他施加了微妙的影响。

informal

His friend's advice exerted a subtle influence on him.

4

本研究旨在探讨外部环境如何对个体行为施加作用。

academic

This study aims to explore how the external environment exerts an effect on individual behavior.

ترکیب‌های رایج

施加压力 to exert pressure
施加影响 to exert influence
施加制裁 to impose sanctions
施加报复 to exact retaliation

عبارات رایج

施加暴力

to inflict violence

施加干预

to exert intervention

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

施加 vs 强加

'Qiángjiā' implies forcing something (like an opinion) onto someone against their will, often with a negative tone. 'Shījiā' is more neutral and describes the act of applying force or influence.

施加 vs 给予

'Jǐyǔ' is a general term for giving or providing (care, help, etc.), whereas 'shījiā' specifically refers to the application of a force or measure.

الگوهای دستوری

对 + [Object] + 施加 + [Abstract Noun] 向 + [Object] + 施加 + [Abstract Noun]

How to Use It

نکات کاربردی

The word 'shījiā' is highly formal and typically appears in written reports, news broadcasts, or academic papers. It is rarely used in casual spoken Chinese unless discussing serious topics like work stress or political events. Its usage requires a clear object (the receiver) and a clear force being applied.

اشتباهات رایج

A common mistake is using 'shījiā' for physical objects (e.g., 'shījiā a book on the table'). Another error is using it for positive emotions like 'love' or 'care', where 'jǐyǔ' (给予) is much more appropriate.

Tips

💡

Pair it with abstract nouns

Always try to pair 'shījiā' with nouns like pressure (压力), influence (影响), or sanctions (制裁) for the most natural usage.

⚠️

Avoid physical placement

Do not use 'shījiā' when you mean to physically put an object on something else; use 'fàng' (放) instead.

🌍

Context of Social Pressure

In Chinese culture, 'shījiā yālì' (exerting pressure) is a very common phrase used when discussing high expectations from parents or society.

ریشه کلمه

'Shī' (施) originally meant to spread or expand, and 'jiā' (加) means to add or increase. Combined, they describe the act of spreading a force onto another entity.

بافت فرهنگی

In modern Chinese society, 'shījiā yālì' (exerting pressure) is a central theme in discussions about the 'involution' (nèijuǎn) of the education system and workplace competition.

راهنمای حفظ

Think of 'shī' (施) as 'to carry out' and 'jiā' (加) as 'to add'. You are carrying out an action to add a burden or influence onto someone.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال

虽然在物理学中可以指“对物体施加力”，但在日常生活中，它主要用于抽象概念，如压力、影响或制裁。如果是放东西，应使用“放”或“摆”。

“施加压力”更正式，常用于书面语或正式场合；“给压力”更口语化，适合日常交谈。

它是一个中性词。其褒贬色彩取决于所施加的对象。例如“施加正面影响”是褒义，而“施加报复”则是贬义。

通常采用“对/向 + 对象 + 施加 + 抽象名词”的结构。例如：对该国施加制裁。

خودت رو بسنج

fill blank

为了让对方让步，他们决定向对方___更大的外交压力。

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: b

“施加压力”是固定且正式的搭配，表示主动行使某种手段。

multiple choice

请选出最恰当的选项：

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: c

C项符合“施加+抽象名词（压力）”的正式用法。A和D属于物理放置，B通常用“给予”。

sentence building

对 / 施加 / 影响 / 他的 / 决策 / 了 / 很大

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: c

标准结构为“A对B施加了……影响”。

امتیاز: /3

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