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B2 noun #3,000 پرکاربردترین 7 دقیقه مطالعه

账单

zhangdan
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 账单 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 账单 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '账单' (zhàngdān) is a simple word you learn when talking about restaurants or shopping. It means 'the bill'. You use it when you want to pay. You might say '账单，谢谢' (Bill, please). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar. Just remember that '账' is about money and '单' is a piece of paper. You will see it in pictures of people eating out. It is one of the most important words for a tourist in China. You should know how to recognize the characters on a piece of paper at the end of your meal. It usually has numbers and a total amount. You can also use it with '这' (this) or '那' (that), like '这是我的账单' (This is my bill).
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At the A2 level, you start to use '账单' with basic verbs and measure words. You should know that the measure word is '张' (zhāng). For example, '一张账单'. You can also use verbs like '付' (fù - to pay). You might say, '我要付账单' (I want to pay the bill). You will also learn about different types of bills, like '水费账单' (water bill) or '电费账单' (electricity bill). At this level, you can describe simple problems, like '账单太贵了' (The bill is too expensive). You are beginning to understand that bills come every month. You might talk about your daily life: '我每个月都要付很多账单' (I have to pay many bills every month). This word helps you handle basic survival tasks in a Chinese-speaking environment.
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At the B1 level, you can use '账单' in more complex sentences and social situations. You understand the difference between '账单' and '买单' (the action of paying). You can handle situations where there is a mistake, such as '账单上多了一项' (There is an extra item on the bill). You are also familiar with digital bills on apps like WeChat. You can discuss your spending habits: '我会经常检查我的银行账单' (I often check my bank statements/bills). You start to use more formal verbs like '收到' (shōudào - to receive) and '核对' (héduì - to check). You can explain why you are paying: '因为我上个月用了太多空调，所以电费账单很高' (Because I used the air conditioner too much last month, the electricity bill is very high).
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At the B2 level, '账单' is used in professional and formal contexts. You can distinguish it clearly from '发票' (official tax invoice) and '收据' (receipt). You can write formal letters or emails regarding bill disputes, which is a common task in exams like IELTS or HSK 5. You use sophisticated collocations like '逾期未付的账单' (overdue bills) or '详细账单' (itemized bill). You can discuss financial management: '通过分析每月的账单，我可以更好地控制预算' (By analyzing monthly bills, I can better control my budget). You understand the cultural nuances of '抢账单' (competing to pay the bill) in social settings. You can also use the word metaphorically or in business terms like '对账单' (reconciliation statement).
At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of '账单' in various specialized fields. In a legal context, you might discuss '账单的法律效力' (the legal validity of a bill). In finance, you understand '合并账单' (consolidated billing) and '信用记录' (credit history) related to bill payments. You can use the word in complex idiomatic expressions or formal reports. Your vocabulary includes related terms like '欠款' (arrears) and '滞纳金' (late fees). You can debate the pros and cons of paperless billing (无纸化账单) on environmental and security grounds. You are comfortable using '账单' in abstract discussions about national debt or large-scale economic 'bills' that future generations might have to pay.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of '账单' is near-native. You can use it in literary or highly technical ways. You might analyze the linguistic evolution of the character '账' from '帐'. You can handle high-level negotiations involving complex '账单' structures in international trade. You understand the nuances of financial transparency and '账单审计' (bill auditing) in corporate governance. You can write persuasive essays on the sociology of consumption, using '账单' as a symbol of modern life's complexities. You are aware of regional variations in how '账单' is discussed across the Sinosphere (e.g., differences between Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong). You can use the term with perfect precision in any register, from street slang to academic discourse.
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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

账单 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 账单 (zhàngdān) is the standard Chinese word for a bill or statement of charges, essential for daily transactions and financial management.
  • It is commonly used in restaurants, utility payments, and banking, often paired with the measure word '张' (zhāng).
  • In exams like IELTS, it frequently appears in contexts involving complaints about incorrect charges or formal requests for payment information.
  • Distinguishing it from '发票' (tax receipt) is crucial for navigating Chinese business and administrative environments correctly.

The term 账单 (zhàngdān) is a fundamental noun in the Chinese language, primarily referring to a written statement of money owed for goods provided or services rendered. At its core, it is a compound word consisting of 账 (zhàng), meaning 'account' or 'debt', and 单 (dān), meaning 'list', 'sheet', or 'bill'. Together, they form the concept of an 'account list'. In a modern context, this word covers everything from the physical slip of paper you receive at a restaurant to the digital PDF sent by your utility provider. Understanding 账单 is crucial for navigating daily life in a Chinese-speaking environment, as it governs the final step of almost every commercial transaction.

Etymological Root
The character 账 originally related to curtains (帐), as accounts were often kept behind them in ancient shops, later evolving to specifically mean financial records.
Functional Scope
It encompasses utility bills (water, electricity), credit card statements, restaurant checks, and hospital invoices.

“服务员，请给我账单，我想结账。” (Waiter, please give me the bill; I want to settle the account.)

— Common restaurant scenario

In the digital age, the prefix 电子 (diànzǐ) is often added to create 电子账单 (e-bill). This reflects the shift from paper-based accounting to mobile payment platforms like WeChat Pay and Alipay, where the 'bill' is a digital record within an app. Despite the medium change, the linguistic term remains the same. For IELTS students, this word is vital for General Training Task 1, where you might need to write a letter of complaint regarding an overcharged utility bill or an incorrect restaurant statement.

“这张账单上的金额似乎不对，请核对一下。” (The amount on this bill seems incorrect; please check it.)

Synonym Note
While '发票' (fāpiào) is often translated as 'invoice', it specifically refers to the official tax receipt required for business reimbursement, whereas '账单' is simply the request for payment.

“每个月初，我都会收到信用卡的账单。” (At the beginning of every month, I receive my credit card bill.)

Using 账单 correctly involves understanding its role as a noun and the specific verbs that typically accompany it. In Chinese, verbs like 付 (fù), 支付 (zhīfù), 核对 (héduì), and 开 (kāi) are most frequently paired with this word. For instance, 'to pay a bill' is 付账单 or 支付账单. If you are a business owner providing a bill to a customer, you would 开账单 (issue a bill).

Common Verb Pairings
  • 支付 (zhīfù): To pay (formal)
  • 核对 (héduì): To check/verify
  • 结清 (jiéqīng): To settle/pay off completely
  • 寄送 (jìsòng): To send/mail

In professional settings, 账单 is often modified by the type of service. For example, 电话账单 (phone bill), 电费账单 (electricity bill), or 医疗账单 (medical bill). When writing an IELTS complaint letter, you might say: 'I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with the 账单 I received last week.' This demonstrates a B2-level ability to use specific vocabulary in a formal context.

“如果您对账单有任何疑问，请随时联系我们的客服部门。” (If you have any questions about the bill, please feel free to contact our customer service department.)

Grammatically, 账单 is a countable noun, but in Chinese, we use the classifier 张 (zhāng) or 份 (fèn). 一张账单 refers to a single physical or digital sheet, while 一份账单 can refer to a more comprehensive set of documents or a formal report. In casual conversation, 张 is more common.

You will encounter 账单 in a variety of real-world scenarios, ranging from daily chores to high-stakes business negotiations. In a residential context, the most common encounter is with utility companies. In China, many people now receive their 账单 via WeChat or Alipay notifications rather than physical mail. You will hear phrases like “你的电费账单到了” (Your electricity bill has arrived).

Scenario 1: Restaurants
At the end of a meal, you might ask for the '账单'. However, in very casual settings, people often just say '结账' (jiézhàng - settle the account).
Scenario 2: Banking
When checking your mobile banking app, you will see a section for '账单查询' (bill inquiry) to see your transaction history.

“我的信用卡账单显示有一笔我不认识的交易。” (My credit card bill shows a transaction I don't recognize.)

In a corporate environment, 账单 is used when discussing accounts payable and receivable. Accountants and procurement officers deal with 账单 daily. During a business meeting, someone might say, “我们需要核对上季度的所有账单” (We need to audit all the bills from the last quarter). In legal or formal disputes, the accuracy of a 账单 can be a central point of contention.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 账单 (zhàngdān) with 发票 (fāpiào). While both involve money and transactions, they serve different purposes in the Chinese financial system. A 账单 is a request for payment or a record of what is owed. A 发票 is an official tax receipt issued by the government that businesses use for tax deduction and reimbursement. If you ask for a '账单' at a restaurant, they will give you the check. If you ask for a '发票', they will ask for your company's tax ID to issue a formal receipt.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Menu'
Beginners often mix up '账单' (bill) and '菜单' (menu) because they both end in '单'. Remember: '菜' is food, '账' is money.
Mistake 2: Incorrect Measure Word
Using '个' (ge) instead of '张' (zhāng). While '一个账单' is understandable, '一张账单' is much more natural.

“错误：我可以在这里买一个菜单吗？ (Can I buy a menu here? - Confusing menu with bill/receipt)”

Another mistake is using the verb 买 (mǎi - buy) with 账单. In English, we say 'pay the bill', but in Chinese, we don't 'buy' the bill. We 付 (fù - pay) or 买单 (mǎidān). Interestingly, '买单' is a very common colloquialism for paying the bill, but it's a verb-object construction, not a verb followed by the noun '账单'. You wouldn't say '买账单'.

To truly master 账单, you must distinguish it from its synonyms and related financial terms. Each has a specific nuance that changes based on the formality and the stage of the transaction.

1. 发票 (fāpiào)
The official tax receipt. Use this when you need to prove to your boss or the tax bureau that you spent money.
2. 收据 (shōujù)
A simple receipt or proof of payment. Unlike a '发票', it might not be valid for official tax purposes.
3. 清单 (qīngdān)
A detailed list or inventory. A '账单' is a type of '清单', but a '清单' could also be a packing list or a shopping list.
4. 欠条 (qiàntiáo)
An IOU. This is an informal note acknowledging a debt to an individual, rather than a formal bill from a company.

“虽然我收到了账单，但我还需要一张发票来报销。” (Although I received the bill, I still need an official invoice for reimbursement.)

In a B2 context, you should also know 对账单 (duìzhàngdān), which is a 'statement of account' or 'reconciliation statement'. This is used in banking to show all transactions over a period, rather than just a single request for payment. Understanding these subtle differences allows for much more precise communication in business and daily life.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Measure words for documents (张, 份)

Ba-structure (把账单付了)

Resultative complements (核对清楚)

Conditional sentences (如果...就...)

Passive voice (账单被寄丢了)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

账单在这里。

The bill is here.

Simple S + V + Location structure.

2

这是你的账单。

This is your bill.

Using '这是' for identification.

3

账单多少钱？

How much is the bill?

Asking for price/amount.

4

请给我账单。

Please give me the bill.

Polite request using '请'.

5

我不看账单。

I don't look at the bill.

Negation with '不'.

6

你的账单。谢谢。

Your bill. Thank you.

Basic possessive '你的'.

7

账单对吗？

Is the bill correct?

Simple question with '吗'.

8

看，账单。

Look, the bill.

Imperative '看'.

1

我需要付这张账单。

I need to pay this bill.

Using measure word '张'.

2

电费账单太贵了。

The electricity bill is too expensive.

Compound noun '电费账单'.

3

他忘了付账单。

He forgot to pay the bill.

Verb '忘了' + action.

4

这是一张水费账单。

This is a water bill.

Specific bill type.

5

账单在桌子上。

The bill is on the table.

Location phrase '在...上'.

6

我没收到账单。

I didn't receive the bill.

Past negation with '没'.

7

请帮我看看账单。

Please help me look at the bill.

Verb reduplication '看看' for casual action.

8

我们要分账单吗？

Shall we split the bill?

Verb '分' (split).

1

我每个月都会收到电子账单。

I receive e-bills every month.

Frequency '每个月' and '电子账单'.

2

账单上的金额好像不对。

The amount on the bill seems wrong.

Using '好像' for uncertainty.

3

你可以用手机支付账单。

You can pay the bill with your phone.

Instrumental '用' (using).

4

他把账单弄丢了。

He lost the bill.

Ba-structure '把...弄丢了'.

5

这张账单包括了服务费。

This bill includes the service charge.

Verb '包括' (include).

6

在付钱之前，请核对账单。

Before paying, please check the bill.

Time clause '...之前'.

7

我的电话账单比平时高。

My phone bill is higher than usual.

Comparison '比平时高'.

8

我们需要一份详细的账单。

We need a detailed bill.

Adjective '详细' (detailed).

1

如果您逾期不付账单，会产生滞纳金。

If you fail to pay the bill on time, late fees will be incurred.

Conditional '如果...会...' and formal '逾期'.

2

我正在核对上个月的信用卡账单。

I am checking last month's credit card statement.

Progressive aspect '正在'.

3

账单显示我们消费了五百元。

The bill shows that we spent five hundred yuan.

Verb '显示' (show/display).

4

这份账单的截止日期是下周五。

The deadline for this bill is next Friday.

Noun '截止日期' (deadline).

5

公司要求我们提供所有的餐饮账单。

The company requires us to provide all dining bills.

Verb '要求' (require/request).

6

你可以申请合并你的所有账单。

You can apply to consolidate all your bills.

Verb '合并' (merge/consolidate).

7

由于系统错误，账单被寄错了地址。

Due to a system error, the bill was sent to the wrong address.

Passive '被' and cause '由于'.

8

请确认账单中的每一项内容。

Please confirm every item in the bill.

Formal verb '确认' (confirm).

1

该账单的明细列出了所有的杂项开支。

The bill's breakdown lists all miscellaneous expenses.

Formal '该' (this) and '明细' (breakdown).

2

账单审计发现了一些不一致的地方。

The bill audit revealed some inconsistencies.

Compound '账单审计' (bill audit).

3

我们需要对这笔异常账单进行申诉。

We need to appeal this abnormal bill.

Formal '进行申诉' (to conduct an appeal).

4

无纸化账单不仅环保，而且更安全。

Paperless billing is not only eco-friendly but also more secure.

Structure '不仅...而且...'.

5

由于长期欠费，他的账单已转交催收机构。

Due to long-term non-payment, his bill has been referred to a collection agency.

Formal '转交' (hand over) and '催收机构'.

6

账单的透明度对于建立客户信任至关重要。

Bill transparency is crucial for building customer trust.

Formal '至关重要' (crucial).

7

财务部正在处理积压的供应商账单。

The finance department is processing the backlog of vendor bills.

Noun '积压' (backlog).

8

该项服务的账单是按季度结算的。

The bill for this service is settled on a quarterly basis.

Structure '按...结算' (settle by...).

1

账单不仅仅是金钱的记录，更是消费行为的缩影。

A bill is not just a record of money, but a microcosm of consumption behavior.

Philosophical '不仅仅是...更是...'.

2

在数字化浪潮下，账单的形态发生了根本性变革。

Under the wave of digitalization, the form of bills has undergone a fundamental transformation.

Formal '根本性变革' (fundamental change).

3

通过深度学习，系统可以自动分类并解析复杂的账单数据。

Through deep learning, the system can automatically classify and parse complex billing data.

Technical '解析' (parse) and '深度学习'.

4

账单争议往往源于合同条款的模糊性。

Billing disputes often stem from the ambiguity of contract terms.

Formal '源于' (originate from).

5

企业应建立完善的账单管理体系以防范财务风险。

Enterprises should establish a sound bill management system to guard against financial risks.

Formal '防范' (guard against).

6

账单中的每一分钱都折射出资源配置的效率。

Every cent in the bill reflects the efficiency of resource allocation.

Metaphorical '折射' (reflect).

7

在全球化背景下，跨境账单的结算涉及复杂的汇率机制。

In the context of globalization, the settlement of cross-border bills involves complex exchange rate mechanisms.

Formal '涉及' (involve).

8

该报告详尽分析了医疗账单通胀的深层原因。

The report provides an exhaustive analysis of the underlying causes of medical bill inflation.

Formal '详尽' (exhaustive) and '通胀' (inflation).

مترادف‌ها

清单 票据 单据

ترکیب‌های رایج

支付账单
核对账单
电子账单
信用卡账单
逾期账单
详细账单
分摊账单
结清账单
账单金额
账单周期

عبارات رایج

买单
结账
开账单
寄账单
查账单
账单明细
账单投诉
自动扣款账单
纸质账单
账单分期

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

账单 vs 菜单 (càidān)

Menu (list of food) vs. Bill (list of charges).

账单 vs 发票 (fāpiào)

Official tax receipt vs. simple request for payment.

账单 vs 收据 (shōujù)

Proof of payment vs. request for payment.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"秋后算账 (Settling scores later)"
"一笔勾销 (Wipe the slate clean)"
"糊涂账 (A messy account/muddled business)"
"流水账 (A mere list of events/petty cash book)"
"明明白白消费 (Consume with a clear understanding)"
"精打细算 (Careful calculation and strict budgeting)"
"量入为出 (Live within one's means)"
"入不敷出 (Income not meeting expenditure)"
"债台高筑 (Heavily in debt)"
"无债一身轻 (Out of debt, out of danger)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

账单 vs

账单 vs

账单 vs

账单 vs

账单 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

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نحوه استفاده

digital

Most '账单' are now viewed on '手机应用' (mobile apps).

business

Use '账单' for the document, '发票' for the tax receipt.

restaurant

Use '买单' or '结账' for the action.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using '买' instead of '付' with the word '账单'.
  • Confusing '账单' with '菜单'.
  • Forgetting the measure word '张'.
  • Assuming '账单' is the same as '发票' in a business context.
  • Mispronouncing '账' as 1st tone instead of 4th tone.

نکات

Context Matters

Always check if you need a 'fapiao' for work reimbursement before just paying the 'zhangdan'.

The 'Fight'

Don't be shocked if friends argue over who gets to pay the bill; it's a sign of affection.

Measure Words

Use '张' for a single sheet and '份' for a package of documents.

App Usage

Look for the '账单' icon in Alipay or WeChat to see your spending history.

IELTS Task 1

Practice writing about an 'incorrect bill' as it is a common complaint letter topic.

Tone Accuracy

Ensure 'zhàng' is a sharp falling tone (4th) and 'dān' is high and flat (1st).

Reconciliation

Learn '对账' (reconcile accounts) if you work in finance.

Privacy

Always shred your '纸质账单' (paper bills) to protect your personal information.

Bill vs. Receipt

Remember: Zhangdan = Please pay; Shouju = I have paid.

Colloquialism

'买单' is more common in speech than '付账单'.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

The character '账' (zhàng) was originally written as '帐' (curtain). In ancient times, merchants kept their account books behind curtains. Later, the 'shell' radical (贝), representing money, was added to create '账' specifically for financial records.

بافت فرهنگی

Splitting the bill, common among youth.

The social importance of being the one to pay.

The near-total disappearance of paper bills in urban China.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"我们可以分摊这张账单吗？ (Can we split this bill?)"

"你收到这个月的电费账单了吗？ (Did you receive this month's electricity bill?)"

"这张账单好像有点问题。 (There seems to be a problem with this bill.)"

"你通常是怎么付账单的？ (How do you usually pay your bills?)"

"我可以在哪里查我的账单明细？ (Where can I check my bill details?)"

موضوعات نگارش

描述一次你发现账单错误的经历。 (Describe a time you found an error on a bill.)

你认为电子账单比纸质账单更好吗？为什么？ (Do you think e-bills are better than paper bills? Why?)

写一封信投诉一笔不合理的账单。 (Write a letter complaining about an unreasonable bill.)

讨论你对‘抢账单’这种文化现象的看法。 (Discuss your views on the cultural phenomenon of 'fighting for the bill'.)

记录你一周的账单开支并进行分析。 (Record your bill expenses for a week and analyze them.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

账单 is the noun (the bill itself), while 买单 is the verb phrase (the action of paying the bill).

Yes, 信用卡账单 is the standard term for a credit card statement.

It is a neutral term used in both formal and informal contexts.

The most common measure word is 张 (zhāng).

You can say '分摊账单' or use the term 'AA制'.

Usually, yes, the 账单 shows the total amount including tax, but the official tax receipt is the 发票.

It is called a 详细账单 (xiángxì zhàngdān) or 账单明细 (zhàngdān míngxì).

Say '麻烦请给我账单' (Excuse me, please give me the bill).

It is an 逾期账单 (yúqī zhàngdān).

Yes, 电子账单 (e-bill) is very common in modern China.

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