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A2 noun 8 دقیقه مطالعه

兼并

jianbing

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 兼并 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 兼并 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '兼并' (jiānbìng) is a bit advanced, but you can think of it as a very formal way to say 'put together.' Imagine you have two Lego sets and you combine them into one big castle. That is the basic idea of a merger. While you might not use this word when talking to friends about food or hobbies, you might see it in a picture book about history where one king takes over another king's land. At this stage, just remember that 'jiān' means 'also' or 'double' and 'bìng' means 'together.' So, 'jiānbìng' is when two things become one big thing. You don't need to worry about using it in your own sentences yet, but if you see it in a news title, you know it means 'two things joining.'

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more about work and business. '兼并' (jiānbìng) is a word you will see in news about big companies. For example, if 'Company A' buys 'Company B' and they become one big company, that is a '兼并' (merger). It is a noun (a merger) and also a verb (to merge). You can use it like this: '公司兼并' (Company merger). In your daily life, you might use '合并' (hébìng) for simple things like merging files, but '兼并' is for serious things like business or land. It is good to know this word so you can understand basic business news in Chinese. It sounds very professional!

At the B1 level, you should be able to understand the difference between '兼并' and other words for joining. '兼并' is specifically used for corporate mergers and historical annexations. It often implies that one side is stronger and is taking in the smaller side. You might hear people talk about '企业兼并' (enterprise merger) in a discussion about the economy. It is a formal word. When you write an essay about business or history, using '兼并' instead of '合并' will make your writing sound much more academic. You should also recognize the phrase '兼并收购' (Mergers and Acquisitions), which is a very common term in the professional world. Try to use it when describing how big companies grow.

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At the B2 level, you should use '兼并' (jiānbìng) with confidence in formal contexts. You understand that it carries a nuance of 'incorporation' and 'absorption.' You can discuss the pros and cons of a merger, such as '兼并的利与弊' (the pros and cons of mergers). You should also be aware of the historical context, such as '土地兼并' (land annexation), which is a key concept in Chinese history regarding the wealth gap and dynastic cycles. At this level, you can use it as a transitive verb: '这家跨国公司兼并了当地的一家小厂' (This multinational company merged with/absorbed a local small factory). You are now moving beyond simple definitions to understanding the economic and social implications of the word.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to understand the legal and strategic nuances of '兼并.' You can distinguish between a 'friendly merger' and a 'hostile takeover' (恶意兼并). You can use the word in complex sentences involving economic theory, market monopoly, and corporate governance. You might analyze how '兼并' affects market competition or labor rights. You are also familiar with the classical Chinese roots of the characters and how the meaning has evolved from agricultural concepts to high-finance terminology. Your usage of '兼并' in debates or professional reports should be precise, reflecting an understanding of the power dynamics involved in such structural changes.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of '兼并' (jiānbìng). You can use it to discuss complex historical phenomena like the '兼并战争' (wars of annexation) of the Warring States period or the intricate details of modern anti-trust law. You understand the subtle difference between '兼并' (absorption) and '合并' (statutory merger) in a legal sense. You can use the word idiomatically and in sophisticated combinations like '兼并重组' (mergers and restructuring) to describe macroeconomic trends. Your understanding includes the philosophical implications of '兼' (holding multiple aspects) and how it relates to the holistic Chinese view of integration and unity. You can read high-level financial analyses and legal statutes where this word is used with absolute precision.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

兼并 در ۳۰ ثانیه

兼并 (jiānbìng) is a formal term for 'merger' or 'annexation,' used in business and history.
It combines 'jiān' (simultaneous/multiple) and 'bìng' (combine) to describe one entity absorbing another.
Commonly used in '兼并收购' (Mergers and Acquisitions) and historical contexts like '土地兼并' (land annexation).
It is more formal than '合并' (hébìng) and less aggressive than '吞并' (tūnbìng).

The Chinese term 兼并 (jiānbìng) is a sophisticated noun and verb that primarily describes the act of merging, annexing, or incorporating one entity into another. While in English we might simply say 'merger,' the Chinese characters provide a deeper visual narrative of the process. The first character, 兼 (jiān), historically depicts a hand holding two stalks of grain, suggesting the idea of 'simultaneously' or 'holding multiple roles.' The second character, 并 (bìng), shows two people standing side by side, representing 'combining' or 'joining together.' When combined, 兼并 conveys a sense of one larger or more powerful entity absorbing another, often in a business or historical context.

Corporate Context: In the modern business world, 兼并 is the standard term for 'Mergers and Acquisitions' (M&A), often appearing as 兼并收购 (jiānbìng shōugòu). It implies a strategic move where a company expands its market share by taking over a competitor or a complementary business. Unlike a simple 'partnership,' 兼并 suggests a change in ownership or a total integration of assets.
Historical Context: Historically, this word is famously used to describe the 'annexation' of territory. During the Warring States period of ancient China, the Qin state's conquest of the other six states is frequently described as 兼并六国 (jiānbìng liùguó). Here, it carries a weight of power dynamics and territorial expansion.
Economic Nuance: Economists use 兼并 to discuss market consolidation. When several small firms are absorbed by a larger one to increase efficiency or reduce competition, this process is labeled as 兼并. It is often seen in news headlines regarding tech giants or banking institutions.

这两家电信巨头宣布了他们的兼并计划，旨在削减运营成本。
(These two telecom giants announced their merger plan, aiming to cut operating costs.)

In everyday conversation, you might not hear 兼并 as often as you would in a news broadcast or a business meeting. It belongs to the 'formal' or 'written' register of Chinese (书面语). If you are reading the financial section of a Chinese newspaper like the Economic Daily, you will encounter this word frequently. It represents the macro-level movement of capital and power.

土地兼并是古代封建王朝衰落的主要原因之一。
(Land annexation was one of the main reasons for the decline of ancient feudal dynasties.)

Understanding 兼并 requires recognizing that it isn't just about 'adding' things together; it's about 'integration.' When two things are 兼并-ed, they become a single new entity or part of an existing larger entity. This is why it is used for companies, territories, and even complex administrative departments. It suggests a high degree of structural change.

Using 兼并 correctly involves understanding its role as both a noun and a verb, though its usage as a verb ('to merge') is slightly more common in active business reporting. When used as a noun, it often follows possessive pronouns or modifiers describing the type of merger. When used as a verb, it typically takes a direct object—the entity being absorbed.

As a Verb (Active Voice): The structure is usually [Entity A] + 兼并 + [Entity B]. This implies Entity A is the dominant party.
Example: 大公司兼并了小公司。(The big company merged/annexed the small company.)
As a Noun (Subject/Object): It acts as the 'thing' itself.
Example: 这次兼并非常成功。(This merger was very successful.)

政府鼓励优势企业兼并落后企业。
(The government encourages superior enterprises to merge with/absorb backward enterprises.)

In formal writing, 兼并 is often paired with specific verbs like 进行 (jìnxíng - to carry out) or 完成 (wánchéng - to complete). For example, '进行企业兼并' (to carry out corporate mergers). This makes the sentence sound professional and objective, suitable for reports and academic papers.

在激烈的市场竞争中，许多企业通过兼并来实现扩张。
(In fierce market competition, many enterprises achieve expansion through mergers.)

Another common usage is in the phrase 兼并重组 (jiānbìng chóngzǔ), which means 'mergers and reorganizations.' This is a buzzword in Chinese economic policy, referring to the process of fixing inefficient industries by combining companies and restructuring their internal management.

You are most likely to encounter 兼并 in professional and academic settings. It is a staple of the business and legal lexicon in China. While you won't hear it at a grocery store or in casual small talk with friends, it is ubiquitous in the following environments:

Financial News (CCTV-2, Bloomberg China): News anchors will report on 'cross-border mergers' (跨国兼并) or 'hostile takeovers' (恶意兼并). If a major tech company buys a startup, this is the word they use.
History Classrooms and Documentaries: When discussing the unification of China or the expansion of empires, historians use 兼并 to describe the absorption of smaller kingdoms or territories. It implies a historical inevitability or a shift in the balance of power.
Legal and Contractual Documents: Lawyers drafting M&A agreements will use 兼并 to define the transfer of rights and obligations from the target company to the acquiring company.

根据晚间新闻，这两家银行已经达成了兼并协议。
(According to the evening news, these two banks have reached a merger agreement.)

In academic journals, 兼并 is analyzed in the context of monopoly laws (反垄断法). You might see discussions on whether a certain merger constitutes a threat to market competition. This word is essential for anyone looking to pass the HSK 5 or 6 exams or work in a Chinese-speaking professional environment.

专家们正在讨论这次兼并对当地就业的影响。
(Experts are discussing the impact of this merger on local employment.)

Even advanced learners often confuse 兼并 with other similar-sounding or similar-meaning words. Because Chinese has many terms for 'joining' or 'combining,' it is crucial to understand the specific 'flavor' of 兼并.

Confusing 兼并 with 合并 (hébìng): While both mean 'merge,' 合并 is a neutral term that can apply to anything—merging files on a computer, merging two lanes of traffic, or two small groups joining. 兼并 is more formal and specific to entities like companies or territories, often implying one absorbs the other.
Confusing 兼并 with 吞并 (tūnbìng): 吞并 (literally 'swallow and combine') has a much more negative, aggressive connotation. It implies a forced takeover or a predatory action. 兼并 is the formal, business-appropriate term, while 吞并 sounds like a villain in a movie taking over the world.
Misusing the Tone: The first tone (jiān) followed by the fourth tone (bìng) must be distinct. If you mispronounce 'jiān' as 'jiàn' (4th tone), it could be confused with other words. Clear tone production is key in formal terminology.

错误：我把这两个文件夹兼并了。
正确：我把这两个文件夹合并了。
(Error: I 'annexed' these two folders. Correct: I merged these two folders.)

Another mistake is using 兼并 when you mean 'to cooperate' (合作). A 兼并 is a total union where one side usually loses its independent identity. If two companies are just working together on a project, 兼并 is definitely the wrong word. You should use 合作 or 协作 (xiézuò) instead.

To master 兼并, it helps to see it in the context of its 'word neighbors.' Each of these words deals with the concept of joining, but they are used in different scenarios.

合并 (hébìng): The most general term for 'to merge.' Used for mathematical numbers, administrative regions, or computer files. It is neutral and common.
Example: 合并同类项 (Combine like terms).
收购 (shōugòu): Literally 'to buy and acquire.' This focuses on the purchase aspect of a merger. In 'M&A,' it represents the 'A.'
Example: 收购股份 (Acquire shares).
吞并 (tūnbìng): To annex or swallow up. This is aggressive and often carries a negative connotation of taking something by force or unethical means.
Example: 吞并领土 (Annex territory).
重组 (chóngzǔ): To restructure or reorganize. This is what happens *after* or *during* a 兼并. It focuses on the internal changes.
Example: 资产重组 (Asset restructuring).

虽然这两家公司表面上是合并，但实际上是一场强力兼并。
(Although these two companies are merging on the surface, it is actually a powerful annexation/merger.)

In summary, choose 兼并 for formal business and historical contexts where one entity integrates another. Choose 合并 for general joining. Choose 收购 for the transaction of buying a company. Choose 吞并 for aggressive takeovers. By distinguishing these, your Chinese will sound much more natural and precise.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient China, '兼并' was a controversial political term. Philosophers debated whether 'land annexation' (土地兼并) was a sign of a strong state or a sign of social decay that would lead to revolution.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK dʒjæn bɪŋ

US dʒjæn bɪŋ

The emphasis is slightly more on the second syllable 'bìng' due to its falling tone.

هم‌قافیه با

天 (tiān) 先 (xiān) 命 (mìng) 定 (dìng) 边 (biān) 建 (jiàn) 病 (bìng) 庆 (qìng)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'jiān' as 'jiàn' (4th tone), which changes the meaning.
Pronouncing 'bìng' with a flat tone, making it sound like 'level' (平).
Confusing the 'j' sound with 'zh'.
Muttering the final 'ng' sound.
Merging the two tones into a single flat tone.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

The characters are somewhat complex and the context is usually formal.

نوشتن 5/5

Writing '兼' correctly requires attention to the stroke order.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Tones are clear but must be distinct to sound professional.

گوش دادن 3/5

Easily recognized in business news contexts.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

合并公司大小

بعداً یاد بگیرید

收购重组垄断竞争协议

پیشرفته

反垄断法资产负债表股权激励破产保护

گرامر لازم

Passive voice with '被'

小公司被大公司兼并了。

Resultative complements

两家公司兼并成了一家。

Using '进行' for formal actions

双方正在进行兼并谈判。

Adverbial modifiers

他们成功地兼并了对手。

Compound nouns

兼并协议已经签署。

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

这两个小公司合并了。

These two small companies merged.

A1 level uses '合并' (hébìng) as a simpler alternative to '兼并'.

公司变大了。

The company became bigger.

A1 focuses on the result of a merger: getting bigger.

他们在一起工作。

They work together.

Basic concept of joining.

一加一等于二。

One plus one equals two.

The simplest form of combining.

大鱼吃小鱼。

Big fish eat small fish.

A metaphor for '兼并' (absorption).

我们要合作。

We need to cooperate.

A related concept to merging.

两个变成一个。

Two become one.

The physical process of a merger.

这个是兼并。

This is a merger.

Introducing the word '兼并' in a simple 'A is B' structure.

大公司兼并了小公司。

The big company merged with the small company.

Subject + Verb + Object structure.

这次兼并很成功。

This merger was very successful.

Using '兼并' as a noun.

他们宣布了兼并计划。

They announced a merger plan.

'兼并' modifying '计划' (plan).

两家银行决定兼并。

Two banks decided to merge.

Verb '决定' followed by the action '兼并'.

兼并后，公司更有钱了。

After the merger, the company has more money.

'兼并后' means 'after the merger'.

老板喜欢这个兼并。

The boss likes this merger.

Simple transitive use.

这是一个大的兼并。

This is a big merger.

Using '的' to connect adjective and noun.

他们谈论兼并的事。

They are talking about the merger.

'...的事' means 'the matter of...'.

企业兼并是扩大规模的好方法。

Corporate mergers are a good way to expand scale.

'企业兼并' is a common compound noun.

政府支持这种企业兼并。

The government supports this kind of corporate merger.

'支持' (support) often takes '兼并' as an object.

兼并过程中出现了很多问题。

Many problems arose during the merger process.

'兼并过程' means 'merger process'.

他专门负责公司的兼并业务。

He is specifically responsible for the company's merger business.

'负责' (responsible for) + object.

这两家超市通过兼并降低了成本。

These two supermarkets reduced costs through a merger.

'通过...降低' (reduce through...).

兼并能提高市场竞争力。

Mergers can improve market competitiveness.

'提高...竞争力' is a standard collocation.

员工们担心兼并会裁员。

Employees worry that the merger will lead to layoffs.

'担心' (worry) + clause.

这是一次跨行业的兼并。

This is a cross-industry merger.

'跨行业' (cross-industry) as a modifier.

兼并收购是资本运作的重要手段。

Mergers and acquisitions are an important means of capital operation.

'兼并收购' is the full term for M&A.

为了避免破产，他们选择了被兼并。

To avoid bankruptcy, they chose to be merged/acquired.

'被' indicates the passive voice (being merged).

这次兼并引起了反垄断部门的注意。

This merger caught the attention of the anti-monopoly department.

'引起...注意' (catch attention).

土地兼并导致了古代农民的贫困。

Land annexation led to the poverty of ancient farmers.

'土地兼并' is a specific historical term.

公司在兼并后进行了大规模的重组。

The company underwent large-scale restructuring after the merger.

'重组' (restructuring) often follows '兼并'.

由于文化冲突，这次兼并最终失败了。

Due to cultural conflicts, this merger ultimately failed.

'由于...最终' (Due to... ultimately).

兼并协议中包含了严格的条款。

The merger agreement contains strict clauses.

'协议' (agreement) and '条款' (clauses).

这家公司以兼并竞争对手而闻名。

This company is known for merging with/annexing competitors.

'以...而闻名' (known for...).

恶意兼并往往会破坏原有的企业文化。

Hostile takeovers often destroy the original corporate culture.

'恶意兼并' (hostile takeover/merger).

兼并方的管理层需要极高的协调能力。

The management of the merging party needs extremely high coordination skills.

'兼并方' refers to the party doing the merging.

该项兼并案涉及复杂的法律程序。

The merger case involves complex legal procedures.

'兼并案' (merger case).

横向兼并有助于实现规模经济。

Horizontal mergers help achieve economies of scale.

'横向兼并' (horizontal merger).

纵向兼并可以加强对供应链的控制。

Vertical mergers can strengthen control over the supply chain.

'纵向兼并' (vertical merger).

兼并后的整合过程通常耗时数年。

The post-merger integration process usually takes several years.

'整合' (integration) is key C1 vocabulary.

这次兼并被视为行业整合的标志性事件。

This merger is seen as a landmark event in industry consolidation.

'被视为' (is seen as) + noun phrase.

他通过兼并策略成功垄断了当地市场。

He successfully monopolized the local market through a merger strategy.

'垄断' (monopolize) is a high-level result of '兼并'.

秦王政通过兼并六国，建立了中国历史上第一个大一统王朝。

By annexing the six states, King Zheng of Qin established the first unified dynasty in Chinese history.

Historical '兼并' usage.

在资本主义早期，资本兼并是财富积累的残酷手段。

In early capitalism, capital merger/annexation was a brutal means of wealth accumulation.

Academic/Sociological context.

该兼并计划因涉嫌违反反垄断法而被监管机构否决。

The merger plan was rejected by regulatory authorities due to suspected violations of anti-monopoly laws.

Complex legal/regulatory structure.

这种兼并模式在当前的互联网泡沫中屡见不鲜。

This merger model is common in the current internet bubble.

'屡见不鲜' (common/not rare) is a C2 idiom.

兼并后的企业往往面临着文化稀释的风险。

Merged companies often face the risk of cultural dilution.

'文化稀释' (cultural dilution) is a sophisticated concept.

兼并重组是国有企业改革的关键环节。

Mergers and restructuring are key links in the reform of state-owned enterprises.

Political/Economic policy terminology.

通过兼并，该集团实现了从上游原材料到下游销售的全产业链布局。

Through mergers, the group achieved a full industry chain layout from upstream raw materials to downstream sales.

'上下游' and '产业链' are advanced business terms.

该兼并案的成功与否取决于双方在核心技术上的互补性。

The success of the merger case depends on the complementarity of both parties' core technologies.

'取决于' (depends on) and '互补性' (complementarity).

ترکیب‌های رایج

兼并收购

土地兼并

企业兼并

恶意兼并

横向兼并

纵向兼并

兼并协议

兼并重组

完成兼并

被兼并者

عبارات رایج

兼并风潮

— A wave or trend of mergers. Used when many mergers happen at once.

九十年代出现了一股兼并风潮。

跨国兼并

— International or cross-border mergers between companies in different countries.

跨国兼并涉及复杂的国际法。

强制兼并

— Forced merger. When an entity is forced to merge by law or pressure.

这是政府主导的强制兼并。

兼并浪潮

— A merger wave. Similar to '风潮' but more dramatic.

互联网行业正处于兼并浪潮中。

兼并成本

— The cost of carrying out a merger, including legal and integration fees.

我们要计算这次兼并成本。

兼并效应

— The effect or synergy produced by a merger.

兼并效应将在明年显现。

兼并风险

— The risks associated with a merger, such as culture clash.

管理者必须评估兼并风险。

兼并对象

— The target of a merger; the company being acquired.

他们正在寻找合适的兼并对象。

兼并主体

— The main entity performing the merger (the acquirer).

兼并主体必须具备雄厚的资金。

反兼并

— Anti-merger or defense against a takeover.

公司采取了反兼并措施。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

兼并 vs 合并

合并 is general; 兼并 is specific to power/entities.

兼并 vs 收购

收购 is buying; 兼并 is the resulting union.

兼并 vs 联合

联合 is partnering; 兼并 is becoming one.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"兼而有之"

— To have both; to possess both aspects simultaneously. Uses the same 'jiān'.

他既聪明又勤奋，可谓兼而有之。

Formal

"并驾齐驱"

— To run neck and neck; to be on par with each other. Uses 'bìng'.

这两家公司的实力并驾齐驱。

Literary

"吞食兼并"

— To swallow and annex; a more vivid way to describe aggressive takeovers.

强国对弱国进行吞食兼并。

Historical

"兼收并蓄"

— To incorporate things of different nature; to be all-embracing.

我们的文化兼收并蓄，非常多元。

Formal

"并吞蚕食"

— To annex territory like a silkworm eating a mulberry leaf (bit by bit).

敌人正在对我们的土地进行并吞蚕食。

Literary

"势均力敌"

— To be well-matched in strength (often used when a merger is difficult).

两家公司势均力敌，很难兼并。

Common

"大鱼吃小鱼"

— The big fish eats the small fish. A metaphor for mergers.

商场如战场，大鱼吃小鱼是常态。

Informal

"合二为一"

— To combine two into one.

通过兼并，两家公司合二为一了。

Neutral

"弱肉强食"

— The weak are the prey of the strong. Describes predatory mergers.

在没有监管的市场，弱肉强食很常见。

Formal

"同归于尽"

— To perish together (the opposite of a successful merger).

如果兼并失败，双方可能同归于尽。

Literary

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兼并 vs 合并

Both mean 'merge' in English.

合并 is neutral and broad (files, numbers). 兼并 is formal and specific (companies, land), often implying absorption.

合并单元格 (Merge cells) vs. 兼并企业 (Merge/Annex enterprises).

兼并 vs 吞并

Both imply one entity taking over another.

吞并 is aggressive, predatory, and often negative (like an invasion). 兼并 is the neutral/positive business or historical term.

吞并领土 (Annex territory by force) vs. 兼并协议 (Merger agreement).

兼并 vs 收购

Often used together in 'M&A'.

收购 focuses on the act of purchasing (buying shares). 兼并 focuses on the structural union of the two entities.

收购股份 (Acquire shares) vs. 兼并之后 (After the merger).

兼并 vs 重组

Related to business changes.

重组 is about internal reorganization of assets or management. 兼并 is the external joining of two entities.

公司重组 (Company restructuring) vs. 公司兼并 (Company merger).

兼并 vs 整合

Both involve putting things together.

整合 is the process of making things work together efficiently after they have been joined. 兼并 is the act of joining them.

资源整合 (Resource integration) vs. 兼并计划 (Merger plan).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

A 兼并 B

这家公司兼并了那家公司。

通过兼并 ...

通过兼并，公司扩大了规模。

A 被 B 兼并

很多小工厂被大集团兼并了。

所谓的恶意兼并 ...

所谓的恶意兼并其实是一种竞争策略。

鉴于 ... 的兼并趋势

鉴于目前的兼并趋势，我们需要调整策略。

兼并与重组

兼并与重组是市场经济的必然。

为了 ... 而兼并

他们为了提高效率而兼并。

涉及 ... 的兼并案

涉及数亿元的兼并案引起了关注。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

兼并

兼职

合并

并列

فعل‌ها

兼并

兼顾

并入

并行

صفت‌ها

兼有的

并行的

مرتبط

收购

重组

整合

扩张

协议

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in professional/academic contexts, rare in daily life.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 兼并 for merging computer files. → 合并 (hébìng)
兼并 is for organizations or land. For technical or small objects, use 合并.
Saying 'A 兼并与 B'. → A 兼并 B
兼并 is a transitive verb and doesn't need the preposition '与' (with) in a simple subject-verb-object sentence.
Confusing 兼并 with 兼职 (jiānzhí). → 兼并 = merger; 兼职 = part-time job.
Both use '兼' (simultaneous), but they are totally different concepts. Don't tell your boss you want to '兼并' a second job!
Using 兼并 for two people getting married. → 结婚 (jiéhūn) or 结合 (jiéhé).
兼并 sounds like a cold, business transaction. Using it for people is very strange and sounds like a robot.
Mispronouncing the tones as jiàn bìng. → jiān bìng (1st tone, 4th tone).
Incorrect tones can make the word unrecognizable in a professional setting.

نکات

Learn the Pair

Always learn '兼并' alongside '收购' (acquisition). Together they form '并购' (M&A), which is the most common way you'll see these concepts in the real world.

Transitive Use

Remember that '兼并' is a transitive verb. You don't need 'with' like in English. Just say 'A 兼并 B'.

Historical Context

If you are studying Chinese history, '土地兼并' (land annexation) is a key term for understanding why dynasties collapsed. It's a great 'smart' word to use in history essays.

Clear Tones

Practice the drop from the 1st tone to the 4th tone. It should sound decisive, like a gavel hitting a table to finalize a deal.

Stroke Order

Pay close attention to the character '兼'. It has 10 strokes. The top part is '丷' with a horizontal line, and the middle part is like '田' but with the sides extending down.

M&A Nuance

In a '兼并', one company usually survives and the other is absorbed. In a '合并', sometimes a brand-new company is created.

News Watching

Watch the 'Economic Half Hour' (经济半小时) on CCTV. You will hear this word used multiple times in almost every episode about industry trends.

Synonym Choice

Use '兼并' for power moves and '合并' for administrative or technical joining. This distinction will make you sound like a near-native speaker.

Visual Aid

Visualize two raindrops hitting a window and joining into one larger drop. That physical process is the essence of '兼并'.

HSK 6 Level

While the prompt says A2, '兼并' is actually an HSK 6 level word. Learning it now puts you far ahead of other students!

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Jian' as a hand holding two items, and 'Bing' as them standing together. You are 'holding' a smaller company and 'standing' it next to yours to make one.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a large circle (Company A) opening up and swallowing a smaller circle (Company B) until only one giant circle remains.

شبکه واژگان

Business M&A History Land Power Integration Economy Law

چالش

Try to find one news article today in Chinese that uses the word '兼并' and write down what entities are being merged.

ریشه کلمه

The word '兼并' originates from classical Chinese texts. '兼' (jiān) originally depicted a hand holding two stalks of grain, symbolizing 'simultaneity' or 'holding two things.' '并' (bìng) showed two people standing together, signifying 'combination.'

معنای اصلی: To hold two things together or to combine two entities into one.

Sino-Tibetan / Sinitic

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when using '兼并' in a political context regarding sovereign nations, as it can imply annexation and may be sensitive.

In the West, 'merger' sounds like a neutral business transaction. In Chinese, '兼并' can sound slightly more authoritative or historical.

Qin Shi Huang's annexation of the six states. The 1990s SOE (State-Owned Enterprise) reform wave. Modern tech giant acquisitions (e.g., Alibaba or Tencent).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Business News

达成兼并协议
兼并后的整合
市场占有率
股价波动

History Class

领土兼并
兼并六国
土地政策
封建社会

Legal Documents

兼并条款
法律效力
签署合同
资产评估

Economic Policy

兼并重组
去产能
优化结构
行业龙头

Competitive Sports (Metaphorical)

兼并对手
吞噬市场
胜者为王
强强联手

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你觉得这两家公司的兼并会成功吗？"

"在历史上，哪次土地兼并最出名？"

"兼并对普通员工有什么影响？"

"为什么政府要限制恶意兼并？"

"如果你的公司被兼并了，你会留下吗？"

موضوعات نگارش

写一段关于未来科技公司兼并的设想。

讨论土地兼并如何影响古代社会的稳定性。

如果你是一个CEO，你会选择兼并你的竞争对手吗？为什么？

描述一次你听说过的著名兼并案例。

兼并和合作，哪种方式更有利于企业发展？

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, while it is very common in business, it is also frequently used in history to describe the annexation of land or kingdoms. For example, '土地兼并' (land annexation) was a major issue in ancient China.

合并 (hébìng) is more general and can be used for simple things like merging Excel cells or merging two groups of students. 兼并 (jiānbìng) is more formal and usually refers to larger entities like corporations or territories where one absorbs the other.

Not necessarily. In business, it can be a positive strategic move for growth. However, in historical contexts, '土地兼并' often has a negative connotation because it led to social inequality.

The full term is '兼并收购' (jiānbìng shōugòu), often abbreviated as '并购' (bìnggòu).

Yes, it can be both a noun ('a merger') and a verb ('to merge'). For example: '公司决定兼并竞争对手' (The company decided to merge with/annex the competitor).

Rarely. It is a formal word (书面语) found in news, textbooks, and business meetings. In casual talk, people might just say '合在一起' or '买下来'.

It means 'hostile takeover.' This is when one company tries to merge with another against the wishes of the target company's management.

The tones are 1st tone (jiān) and 4th tone (bìng). High and flat, then sharp and falling.

'合并' (hébìng) sounds more neutral and is often used to describe a merger of equals.

'兼' means 'simultaneously' or 'holding multiple.' In a merger, the new entity 'simultaneously' holds the assets and roles of both previous entities.

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