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B1 adjective #3,500 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

跨国

kuaguo رتبه 3,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 跨国 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 跨国 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn about countries (国家) and simple jobs. You might not use the word '跨国' (kuàguó) yourself yet, but you can understand it as 'big company in many countries.' Think of it as 'across' (跨) + 'country' (国). If you see a logo like McDonald's or Coca-Cola, that is a '跨国' company. It's an adjective that describes things that aren't just in one place. You can remember it by thinking of a giant 'stepping' from China to America. This word helps you talk about the modern world where things move between different nations.

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At the A2 level, you can begin to use '跨国' in simple sentences. You likely know words like '公司' (company) and '工作' (work). You can combine them to say '他在跨国公司工作' (He works in a multinational company). You are learning that some things, like marriages (婚姻) or big businesses, involve more than one country. The word '跨' is the key here—it means 'to cross.' So, '跨国' is 'crossing countries.' It's a useful word when you want to describe a job that is more than just local. You might also hear it in the news when they talk about big global brands.

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At the B1 level, '跨国' (kuàguó) becomes a very important word for discussing business, society, and globalization. You should understand that it's an adjective used to modify nouns. Common pairings include '跨国公司' (multinational corporation), '跨国婚姻' (transnational marriage), and '跨国合作' (transnational cooperation). You can use it to talk about your career goals or to describe social trends. For example, you can discuss how '跨国电商' (cross-border e-commerce) has changed the way we shop. At this level, you should also start to distinguish it from '国际' (international), noting that '跨国' often implies a deeper level of integration or operation across borders.

At the B2 level, you use '跨国' with more precision in professional and academic contexts. You might discuss '跨国并购' (transnational mergers and acquisitions) or '跨国犯罪' (transnational crime). You understand the legal and economic implications of something being 'transnational.' You can explain how a '跨国企业' manages its supply chain across different regulatory environments. You also recognize the word in more abstract terms, such as '跨国文化' (transnational culture), referring to a hybrid identity that doesn't belong to just one nation. Your sentences should be more complex, using '跨国' to describe the scope of challenges and opportunities in a globalized world.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use '跨国' in sophisticated analyses of globalization and political economy. You might write or speak about '跨国流动性' (transnational mobility) and its impact on national sovereignty. You can discuss the nuances between 'transnational' (跨国), 'international' (国际), and 'supranational' (超国家). You understand how '跨国' entities influence local policies and cultural norms. In literature or film studies, you might analyze '跨国叙事' (transnational narratives). Your usage should reflect a deep understanding of the word's ability to describe the blurring of traditional national boundaries in the 21st century.

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At the C2 level, '跨国' (kuàguó) is a tool for nuanced philosophical and socio-economic discourse. You can critique the '跨国资本主义' (transnational capitalism) and its role in global inequality. You might engage in high-level debates about '跨国治理' (transnational governance) and the future of the nation-state. You are comfortable using the word in any register, from legal documents to poetic reflections on a world without borders. You understand the historical evolution of the term and its relation to concepts like 'diaspora' and 'global citizenship.' Your command of '跨国' allows you to express complex ideas about the interconnectedness of human activity at the highest level of fluency.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

跨国 در ۳۰ ثانیه

跨国 (kuàguó) is an adjective meaning 'transnational' or 'multinational,' used to describe entities or activities that span multiple countries.
It is most commonly used in the phrase '跨国公司' (kuàguó gōngsī), which means a multinational corporation or MNC.
The word is formed by '跨' (to stride across) and '国' (country), highlighting the movement across national borders.
It is a formal and standard term in business, law, and sociology, essential for B1 learners and above.

The term 跨国 (kuàguó) is a powerful adjective in the Chinese language that encapsulates the essence of globalization. Composed of two characters, 跨 (kuà) meaning 'to step across' or 'to stride,' and 国 (guó) meaning 'country' or 'nation,' it literally translates to 'striding across nations.' In a modern context, it refers to activities, organizations, or phenomena that operate beyond the borders of a single country. This is a quintessential B1-level word because it bridges basic vocabulary about countries with more complex concepts of business, sociology, and international relations.

Economic Context: In the realm of business, this word is most frequently paired with 'company' or 'enterprise' to form 跨国公司 (kuàguó gōngsī). This refers to multinational corporations like Apple, Huawei, or Toyota that have assets and operations in at least one country other than their home country. Using this word implies a level of scale and complexity that 'international' (国际) doesn't always capture. While 'international' might just mean selling products abroad, 'transnational' or 'multinational' implies a deeper integration into multiple foreign markets.

他在一家大型跨国企业工作，经常需要去不同国家出差。(He works at a large multinational enterprise and often needs to go on business trips to different countries.)

Social and Personal Context: Beyond business, 跨国 is used to describe personal relationships and legal issues. A 跨国婚姻 (kuàguó hūnyīn) refers to a marriage between people of different nationalities. Similarly, 跨国领养 (kuàguó lǐngyǎng) refers to international adoption. In these cases, the word highlights the merging of different cultural backgrounds and the navigation of different legal systems. It suggests a journey—both literal and metaphorical—across the boundaries that usually define our identity.

随着全球化的发展，跨国婚姻变得越来越普遍。(With the development of globalization, transnational marriages are becoming more and more common.)

Legal and Political Context: In news reports, you might hear about 跨国犯罪 (kuàguó fànzuì) or transnational crime. This refers to criminal activities that take place across national borders, such as smuggling or cybercrime. In this context, the word carries a more serious, formal tone. It emphasizes the difficulty of law enforcement when a single 'stride' takes a criminal into a different jurisdiction. Understanding this word helps learners navigate news articles about global security, trade agreements, and environmental treaties that are inherently 'transnational' in nature.

打击跨国犯罪需要各国政府的紧密合作。(Combating transnational crime requires close cooperation between governments of all countries.)

这种跨国合作项目对环境保护至关重要。(This kind of transnational cooperation project is crucial for environmental protection.)

这家银行提供便捷的跨国转账服务。(This bank provides convenient transnational transfer services.)

Using 跨国 (kuàguó) correctly involves understanding its role as an attributive adjective. It almost always precedes a noun to describe its scope or nature. It is rarely used as a standalone predicate (e.g., you wouldn't say '这个公司很跨国'). Instead, it is an integral part of a compound noun phrase. Let's explore the various grammatical structures and nuances involved in its usage.

Modifying Corporate Entities: The most common usage is modifying words like 公司 (gōngsī), 企业 (qǐyè), or 集团 (jítuán). When you use 跨国 here, you are specifying that the business operates in multiple countries. Note that in Chinese, we don't usually need a '的' (de) between 跨国 and the noun if it's a standard term like 跨国公司. However, in more descriptive or complex phrases, '的' can be used for clarity or emphasis.

许多名牌大学的毕业生都希望进入跨国公司工作。(Many graduates from prestigious universities hope to work in multinational companies.)

Describing Actions and Processes: You can use 跨国 to describe processes that span borders, such as 跨国投资 (kuàguó tóuzī - transnational investment), 跨国并购 (kuàguó bìnggòu - cross-border M&A), or 跨国物流 (kuàguó wùliú - cross-border logistics). In these cases, it acts as a qualifier that defines the scope of the action. It tells the listener that the action isn't confined to a domestic setting.

这次跨国并购案引起了金融界的广泛关注。(This cross-border M&A case has attracted widespread attention in the financial world.)

Sociological Applications: In academic or sociological discussions, 跨国 is used to discuss human movement and cultural exchange. Terms like 跨国流动 (kuàguó liúdòng - transnational mobility) or 跨国身份 (kuàguó shēnfèn - transnational identity) are common. Here, it describes people who live their lives across multiple national contexts, often maintaining strong ties to both their home country and their host country.

研究表明，跨国流动有助于促进不同文化之间的理解。(Research shows that transnational mobility helps promote understanding between different cultures.)

他们通过跨国视频会议讨论了项目的进展。(They discussed the progress of the project through a transnational video conference.)

建立一个跨国团队可以利用全球各地的人才优势。(Building a transnational team can leverage the talent advantages from all over the world.)

The word 跨国 (kuàguó) is a staple of modern Chinese life, reflecting China's deep integration into the global economy. You will encounter it in diverse environments, from formal business settings to everyday conversations about lifestyle and family. Understanding where you'll hear it helps you grasp the cultural weight it carries.

News and Media: If you watch CCTV-4 (the international channel) or read newspapers like the People's Daily, 跨国 appears constantly. It’s used to report on international trade disputes, global health initiatives (like 跨国医疗合作), and environmental summits. When leaders discuss the 'Belt and Road Initiative,' they often use 跨国 to describe the infrastructure projects that connect China with Europe and Africa.

新闻报道称，这家跨国公司计划在上海设立研发中心。(News reports say this multinational company plans to set up an R&D center in Shanghai.)

The Workplace and Career Planning: In the job market, 跨国 is a buzzword. Young professionals often talk about their '跨国公司梦想' (dream of working in an MNC). During interviews, HR managers might ask about your 跨国沟通能力 (transnational communication skills). It signifies a certain level of prestige, professional standards, and an English-speaking environment. Hearing this word in a career context usually implies high expectations and global opportunities.

在跨国文化背景下工作，需要更强的包容心。(Working in a transnational cultural context requires a greater sense of inclusiveness.)

Academic and Educational Settings: Universities frequently offer courses on 跨国管理 (transnational management) or 跨国法律 (transnational law). Students might discuss 跨国教育 (transnational education), such as joint degree programs between Chinese and foreign universities (e.g., NYU Shanghai or Duke Kunshan). In these settings, the word is used to explore the theoretical and practical challenges of operating across different systems.

学者们正在探讨跨国资本流动对当地经济的影响。(Scholars are exploring the impact of transnational capital flows on the local economy.)

随着跨国电商的兴起，我们现在可以轻松买到国外的商品。(With the rise of cross-border e-commerce, we can now easily buy foreign goods.)

这部纪录片讲述了几个跨国家庭的感人故事。(This documentary tells the touching stories of several transnational families.)

While 跨国 (kuàguó) is a relatively straightforward word, English speakers often stumble when choosing between it and other similar terms like 国际 (guójì) or 全球 (quánqiú). Understanding these subtle differences is key to sounding natural and precise in Chinese. Let's look at the most common pitfalls.

Confusion with '国际' (International): The most frequent mistake is using 国际 when 跨国 is more appropriate. 国际 simply means 'between nations' (e.g., international airport, international relations). 跨国 emphasizes the act of crossing or spanning. For example, while an 'international company' (国际公司) is understandable, the standard term for a multinational is 跨国公司. Use 跨国 when referring to an entity that has a physical presence or active operation in multiple countries.

错误：他在这家国际公司工作。(Natural but less precise)
正确：他在这家跨国公司工作。(More accurate for a multinational corporation)

Misusing '跨国' as a Noun: In English, we sometimes use 'multinational' as a noun (e.g., 'The multinationals are expanding'). In Chinese, 跨国 is strictly an adjective. You cannot say '这些跨国正在发展'. You must include the noun it modifies, such as 这些跨国公司 or 这些跨国企业. Forgetting the noun is a common error for learners who are direct-translating from English.

错误：他研究跨国。(He studies transnational.)
正确：他研究跨国经济。(He studies transnational economics.)

Overusing '跨国' for Simple International Actions: Don't use 跨国 for simple actions that don't involve a complex 'crossing' of systems. For instance, if you're just traveling to another country, use 出国 (chūguó) or 去国外 (qù guówài). You wouldn't say '跨国旅行' unless you were specifically talking about a trip that spans multiple countries in a systematic way (like a cross-continent rail trip). For a simple vacation to Japan, '出国' is the natural choice.

错误：我明天要跨国去旅游。(Sounds strange)
正确：我明天要出国旅游。(I am going abroad for a trip.)

错误：他买了一个跨国手机。(Nonsense)
正确：他买了一个进口手机。(He bought an imported phone.)

错误：我们在进行跨国谈话。(Unnatural)
正确：我们在进行国际通话。(We are having an international call.)

To truly master 跨国 (kuàguó), you must see how it fits into the broader family of words related to international affairs and globalization. Each word has a specific nuance that changes the tone and meaning of your sentence. Let's compare 跨国 with its closest relatives.

跨国 (kuàguó) vs. 国际 (guójì): 跨国 implies 'transcending' or 'operating across' borders, usually within a single entity (like a company). 国际 means 'between nations' and is more general. You have an 'international' airport (国际机场), but a 'transnational' corporation (跨国公司). 国际 is about the relationship between separate nations; 跨国 is about an entity that exists in many nations simultaneously.

跨国 (kuàguó) vs. 全球 (quánqiú): 全球 means 'global' or 'worldwide.' While 跨国 might involve just two or three countries, 全球 implies the entire planet. A 'global strategy' (全球战略) sounds more ambitious than a 'transnational strategy' (跨国战略). Use 全球 when you want to emphasize the total scale of the world, and 跨国 when focusing on the crossing of specific borders.

这家跨国公司正在实施其全球化战略。(This multinational company is implementing its globalization strategy.)

跨国 (kuàguó) vs. 境外 (jìngwài): 境外 literally means 'outside the border.' It is a very common term in Chinese law and finance to refer to anything outside mainland China (including Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan in some legal contexts). While 跨国 describes the nature of an entity, 境外 describes the location. You might have 境外投资 (investment outside the border) which is a type of 跨国投资.

很多跨国企业在境外设有分支机构。(Many multinational enterprises have branches outside the border.)

我们需要区分跨国合作与一般的国际交流。(We need to distinguish between transnational cooperation and general international exchange.)

这个跨国项目涉及多个区域的利益。(This transnational project involves interests from multiple regions.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character '跨' originally meant to straddle or sit astride something, like a horse. In the modern sense of '跨国,' it's as if the company is 'straddling' two or more countries simultaneously.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /kwɑː ɡwɔː/

US /kwɑ ɡwoʊ/

The primary stress is on the first syllable 'kuà' due to its falling tone, but both syllables should be clearly articulated.

هم‌قافیه با

大国 (dàguó) 出国 (chūguó) 回国 (huíguó) 爱国 (àiguó) 王国 (wángguó) 报国 (bàoguó) 强国 (qiángguó) 列国 (lièguó)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'kuà' with a flat tone (1st tone) instead of a falling tone.
Pronouncing 'guó' with a falling tone instead of a rising tone, making it sound like 'guò' (to pass/celebrate).
Failing to glide the 'u' in 'kuà', making it sound like 'kà'.
Pronouncing 'guó' too much like the English word 'go'.
Mixing up the tones, which can change the meaning to 'stride over a fruit' (if 'guó' was 'guǒ').

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The characters are relatively common, but the contexts can be complex (business/law).

نوشتن 4/5

The character '跨' is stroke-heavy and requires practice to write correctly.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Tones are distinct (4th and 2nd), but 'kuà' can be tricky for beginners.

گوش دادن 3/5

Easy to recognize in context because it's often followed by '公司'.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

国家公司工作婚姻合作

بعداً یاد بگیرید

全球化贸易并购外交移民

پیشرفته

主权管辖权供应链离岸避税天堂

گرامر لازم

Adjective as Attributive

跨国公司 (Multinational company) - No '的' needed for fixed terms.

Measure Words for Companies

一家跨国公司 (One multinational company).

Use of '对...的影响'

跨国投资对当地经济的影响 (The impact of transnational investment on the local economy).

Use of '随着...'

随着跨国贸易的发展... (With the development of transnational trade...)

Compound Nouns

跨国 + Noun (婚姻, 犯罪, 合作).

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

这是一间跨国公司。

This is a multinational company.

跨国 (adjective) + 公司 (noun)

我喜欢跨国文化。

I like transnational culture.

跨国 (adjective) + 文化 (noun)

他有跨国朋友。

He has transnational friends.

Simple adjective-noun structure.

跨国买东西很方便。

Buying things across borders is very convenient.

跨国 used as an adverbial phrase here.

那是跨国银行。

That is a multinational bank.

Adjective modifying the noun '银行'.

跨国工作很累。

Transnational work is very tiring.

跨国 modifying the gerund-like noun '工作'.

他们是跨国家庭。

They are a transnational family.

Adjective modifying '家庭'.

跨国学习很有趣。

Transnational learning is very interesting.

Adjective modifying '学习'.

他在一家跨国公司工作了三年。

He has worked in a multinational company for three years.

Duration with 了 (le) and a specific noun phrase.

跨国婚姻现在很常见。

Transnational marriages are very common now.

Subject-predicate structure.

我想参加跨国项目。

I want to participate in a transnational project.

Verb 参加 + object phrase.

跨国电商让购物更简单。

Cross-border e-commerce makes shopping simpler.

Noun phrase as the subject.

这家跨国企业很有名。

This multinational enterprise is very famous.

Demonstrative 这 + measure word 家 + adjective phrase.

我们需要跨国合作。

We need transnational cooperation.

Verb 需要 + object.

他经常处理跨国事务。

He often handles transnational affairs.

Adverb 经常 + verb 处理 + object.

跨国转账需要一点时间。

Transnational transfers take a bit of time.

Noun phrase as the subject.

跨国公司的全球化战略非常成功。

The multinational company's globalization strategy is very successful.

Possessive phrase with 的 (de).

他正在研究跨国犯罪的法律问题。

He is researching the legal issues of transnational crime.

Progressive aspect 正在 + complex object.

跨国并购可以帮助企业快速扩张。

Transnational M&A can help enterprises expand rapidly.

Modal verb 可以 + verb phrase.

我们需要提高跨国沟通的效率。

We need to improve the efficiency of transnational communication.

Verb 提高 + abstract noun phrase.

跨国流动的人才对经济很有好处。

Transnationally mobile talent is very good for the economy.

Relative clause with 的 modifying 人才.

这部电影探讨了跨国领养的感人故事。

This movie explores the touching story of transnational adoption.

Verb 探讨 + complex object.

跨国投资面临着许多政治风险。

Transnational investment faces many political risks.

Verb 面临着 + object.

他们建立了一个跨国志愿者团队。

They established a transnational volunteer team.

Verb 建立 + measure word 个 + complex noun phrase.

跨国企业在不同国家必须遵守当地法律。

Multinational enterprises must comply with local laws in different countries.

Modal 必须 + verb 遵守.

跨国公司的供应链管理变得越来越复杂。

Supply chain management for multinational companies is becoming increasingly complex.

Subject with multiple modifiers + 变得越来越 + adjective.

政府正在打击跨国洗钱活动。

The government is cracking down on transnational money laundering activities.

Progressive 正在 + verb 打击.

跨国教育项目促进了学术交流。

Transnational education projects have promoted academic exchange.

Verb 促进 + object.

跨国资本的流动对新兴市场有巨大影响。

The flow of transnational capital has a huge impact on emerging markets.

Subject phrase + 对...有影响.

跨国身份让他感到有些迷茫。

His transnational identity makes him feel a bit confused.

Causative structure 让 + person + verb/adjective.

我们要加强跨国环境治理的合作。

We need to strengthen cooperation in transnational environmental governance.

Verb 加强 + complex object phrase.

跨国电商的税收政策是一个难题。

The tax policy for cross-border e-commerce is a difficult problem.

Noun phrase subject + 是 + noun phrase predicate.

跨国主义的兴起挑战了传统的民族国家观念。

The rise of transnationalism has challenged traditional concepts of the nation-state.

Abstract subject + verb 挑战 + complex object.

跨国公司的避税行为引起了全球监管机构的警惕。

The tax avoidance behaviors of multinational companies have alerted global regulatory agencies.

Complex subject phrase + verb 引起 + object.

我们需要建立一个跨国法律框架来解决争议。

We need to establish a transnational legal framework to resolve disputes.

Verb 建立 + object + purpose clause (来解决...).

跨国叙事在当代文学中占据了重要地位。

Transnational narratives occupy an important position in contemporary literature.

Verb 占据 + object.

跨国精英阶层的出现改变了全球政治格局。

The emergence of a transnational elite class has changed the global political landscape.

Complex subject + verb 改变 + object.

跨国劳动力市场对本地工资水平的影响尚无定论。

The impact of the transnational labor market on local wage levels remains inconclusive.

Subject phrase + 尚无定论 (remains inconclusive).

跨国社会空间的形成是全球化的重要特征。

The formation of transnational social spaces is an important feature of globalization.

Noun phrase subject + 是 + noun phrase predicate.

跨国非政府组织在环境危机中发挥着关键作用。

Transnational NGOs play a key role in the environmental crisis.

Verb 发挥着...作用.

跨国资本的无序扩张可能导致全球金融体系的动荡。

The disorderly expansion of transnational capital may lead to turbulence in the global financial system.

Complex abstract subject + verb 可能导致 + object.

跨国治理的效能取决于各国主权的让渡程度。

The effectiveness of transnational governance depends on the degree of surrender of national sovereignty.

Subject phrase + 取决于 (depends on) + object phrase.

跨国散居群体的文化认同往往具有多重性和复杂性。

The cultural identity of transnational diaspora groups often possesses multiplicity and complexity.

Subject phrase + 具有 (possesses) + abstract nouns.

跨国公司的社会责任已成为衡量其企业价值的重要指标。

The social responsibility of multinational companies has become an important indicator for measuring their corporate value.

Subject + 已成为 (has already become) + noun phrase.

跨国生产网络的深度整合重塑了全球价值链。

The deep integration of transnational production networks has reshaped the global value chain.

Verb 重塑 (reshaped) + object.

跨国公共领域的构建面临着语言和文化的双重障碍。

The construction of a transnational public sphere faces dual barriers of language and culture.

Verb 面临着 + complex object.

跨国犯罪集团利用法律真空进行非法活动。

Transnational criminal groups exploit legal vacuums to conduct illegal activities.

Verb 利用 (exploit) + object + purpose clause.

跨国主义不仅是经济现象，更是一种深刻的社会变革。

Transnationalism is not only an economic phenomenon but also a profound social transformation.

不仅是...更是... (not only... but also...).

مترادف‌ها

国际多国全球性涉外

متضادها

国内本土

ترکیب‌های رایج

跨国公司

跨国婚姻

跨国犯罪

跨国投资

跨国并购

跨国合作

跨国电商

跨国领养

跨国物流

跨国管理

عبارات رایج

跨国经营

— Operating a business across borders.

这家公司有着丰富的跨国经营经验。

跨国流动

— The flow of people or capital across borders.

人才的跨国流动越来越频繁。

跨国指数

— Transnationality Index (TNI).

该公司的跨国指数位居行业前列。

跨国恋

— Transnational romance/dating.

由于距离原因，跨国恋很难维持。

跨国诉讼

— Transnational litigation/lawsuit.

跨国诉讼通常非常昂贵且复杂。

跨国转账

— Transnational bank transfer.

跨国转账的手续费比较高。

跨国智库

— Transnational think tank.

跨国智库为政府提供政策建议。

跨国调动

— Transnational job transfer/relocation.

他接受了公司的跨国调动，搬到了伦敦。

跨国视野

— Transnational perspective/vision.

作为领导者，应该具备跨国视野。

跨国巨头

— Transnational giant (large corporation).

这些跨国巨头控制了大部分市场份额。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

跨国 vs 国际 (guójì)

International. More general. Use 'international' for relations, airports, and simple interactions. Use 'transnational' for integrated operations.

跨国 vs 全球 (quánqiú)

Global. Implies the whole world, whereas 'transnational' just implies crossing at least one border.

跨国 vs 多国 (duōguó)

Multi-nation. Focuses on the number of nations involved rather than the crossing of boundaries.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"跨国越境"

— Crossing countries and borders; often used for long journeys or wide-scale activities.

他们跨国越境，终于回到了家乡。

Literary

"四海为家"

— To feel at home anywhere in the world; often applied to transnational individuals.

他在跨国公司工作，早已四海为家。

Common Idiom

"天涯海角"

— The ends of the earth; used to describe the vast distances in transnational activities.

无论在天涯海角，跨国通讯都能连接我们。

Common Idiom

"志同道合"

— To have common goals and interests; used for transnational partnerships.

这些跨国志愿者志同道合，共同奋斗。

Common Idiom

"互通有无"

— To exchange each other's goods; the essence of transnational trade.

跨国贸易让各国可以互通有无。

Formal

"同舟共济"

— To cross a river in the same boat; used for transnational cooperation in crises.

面对全球危机，跨国合作需要同舟共济。

Formal

"博采众长"

— To draw on the strengths of others; a benefit of transnational teams.

跨国团队可以博采众长，提高创新力。

Formal

"取长补短"

— To learn from others' strengths to offset one's weaknesses.

跨国合作让企业能够取长补短。

Common Idiom

"五湖四海"

— From all corners of the world; describing a transnational gathering.

这个跨国会议聚集了来自五湖四海的专家。

Common Idiom

"接轨国际"

— To bring into line with international standards.

这家跨国公司帮助本地企业接轨国际。

Business

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

跨国 vs 出国 (chūguó)

Both involve countries.

出国 is a verb meaning 'to go abroad.' 跨国 is an adjective meaning 'transnational.'

他打算出国留学。 (He plans to go abroad to study.)

跨国 vs 国外 (guówài)

Both relate to foreign countries.

国外 is a noun meaning 'abroad/overseas.' 跨国 is an adjective.

他在国外生活了很多年。 (He lived abroad for many years.)

跨国 vs 外贸 (wàimào)

Both are business-related.

外贸 means 'foreign trade.' 跨国 means 'transnational.'

他在一家外贸公司工作。 (He works in a foreign trade company.)

跨国 vs 进口 (jìnkǒu)

Both involve items from other countries.

进口 means 'import.' 跨国 refers to the company's structure.

这是一辆进口汽车。 (This is an imported car.)

跨国 vs 跨界 (kuàjiè)

Both start with '跨'.

跨界 means 'cross-over' or 'interdisciplinary' (crossing industries/fields).

这是一次成功的跨界合作。 (This is a successful cross-over collaboration.)

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

他在[跨国公司]工作。

他在跨国公司工作。

我想进入[跨国公司]工作，因为[原因]。

我想进入跨国公司工作，因为工资很高。

随着[全球化]的发展，[跨国婚姻]越来越多。

随着全球化的发展，跨国婚姻越来越多。

[跨国投资]面临着[政治风险]。

跨国投资面临着政治风险。

为了[扩张市场]，公司决定进行[跨国并购]。

为了扩张市场，公司决定进行跨国并购。

[跨国主义]对[民族国家]构成了挑战。

跨国主义对民族国家构成了挑战。

[跨国精英]在全球治理中发挥着重要作用。

跨国精英在全球治理中发挥着重要作用。

[跨国资本]的无序流动是[金融危机]的根源之一。

跨国资本的无序流动是金融危机的根源之一。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

跨国公司 (kuàguó gōngsī)

跨国企业 (kuàguó qǐyè)

跨国集团 (kuàguó jítuán)

صفت‌ها

跨国的 (kuàguó de)

مرتبط

国际 (guójì)

全球 (quánqiú)

多国 (duōguó)

双边 (shuāngbiān)

多边 (duōbiān)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely frequent in news and business contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

他在一家国际公司工作。 → 他在一家跨国公司工作。
While '国际' (international) is understandable, '跨国公司' is the standard term for a multinational corporation.
我们要去跨国旅行。 → 我们要去国外旅行。
'跨国' is too formal and structural for a simple vacation. Use '国外' (abroad) for personal travel.
这个跨国很有名。 → 这个跨国公司很有名。
'跨国' is an adjective and cannot be used as a noun on its own.
他在研究跨国的法律。 → 他在研究跨国法律。
For fixed academic terms, the '的' is usually omitted to create a compound noun.
我买了一个跨国的衣服。 → 我买了一件进口的衣服。
Use '进口' (imported) for products. '跨国' describes the organization or the process, not the physical item.

نکات

Fixed Terms

Memorize '跨国公司' and '跨国婚姻' as single units. They are the most frequent pairings you will encounter.

Adjective Only

Never use '跨国' as a standalone noun. It always needs a noun to modify. For example, say '这家跨国公司' not '这家跨国'.

Tone Accuracy

Be sharp with the 4th tone on 'kuà'. It sounds like a command. This helps distinguish it from other 'kua' sounds.

Globalization

Use '跨国' when you want to sound sophisticated about globalization. It's a key word for B1/B2 level discussions.

Character Breakdown

Practice writing the 'foot' radical. It appears in many movement-related words like '跑' (run) and '跳' (jump).

News Keywords

When listening to business news, '跨国' is often a 'trigger word' that tells you the story involves international trade or big tech.

Job Interviews

If you are interviewing for a foreign company in China, mention your '跨国沟通能力' (transnational communication skills) to impress them.

Synonym Choice

Choose '跨国' over '国际' when describing an organization that has offices in different countries.

Family Discussions

When talking about international couples, '跨国婚姻' is more respectful and formal than '外籍婚姻'.

The 'Across' Concept

Always link '跨' to the English prefix 'trans-'. Transnational, Transatlantic, Transfer. It makes the meaning intuitive.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a giant 'striding' (跨) across the world map from one 'country' (国) to another. The stride is so big it covers the whole world.

تداعی تصویری

Visualize the logo of a global brand like Nike or Samsung with a giant leg stepping over a border line on a map.

شبکه واژگان

跨国公司跨国婚姻跨国投资跨国犯罪跨国电商跨国合作跨国管理跨国精英

چالش

Try to name five '跨国公司' that you use every day. Write a sentence for each one using the word '跨国'.

ریشه کلمه

The word is a modern compound formed from two ancient Chinese characters. '跨' (kuà) dates back to the seal script, consisting of the 'foot' radical (足) and the phonetic 'kua' (夸). '国' (guó) originally depicted a territory defended by weapons, later simplified to a 'jade' (玉) inside a 'border' (囗).

معنای اصلی: The combination literally means 'stepping across the borders of a nation.'

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

بافت فرهنگی

When discussing '跨国犯罪' (transnational crime), be aware that it is a sensitive legal and political topic involving international diplomacy.

In English-speaking countries, we usually say 'multinational' for businesses and 'international' or 'intercultural' for marriages. 'Transnational' is often more academic.

The 'Fortune Global 500' list is often referred to in Chinese as the list of the top 跨国公司. The movie 'The Farewell' (别告诉她) explores transnational family dynamics. The 'Belt and Road' (一带一路) is the world's largest transnational infrastructure project.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Job Hunting

投递跨国公司
跨国工作经验
跨国文化适应力
英语是跨国公司的通用语言

Business News

跨国并购消息
跨国贸易壁垒
跨国巨头财报
跨国投资环境

Academic Discussion

跨国主义研究
跨国流动理论
跨国法律框架
跨国社会资本

Daily Lifestyle

跨国快递很慢
跨国网购经验
跨国长途电话
跨国旅行攻略

Law Enforcement

打击跨国走私
跨国司法协助
跨国引渡协议
跨国网络诈骗

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你觉得在跨国公司工作最大的挑战是什么？ (What do you think is the biggest challenge of working in an MNC?)"

"你有没有考虑过尝试跨国婚姻？ (Have you ever considered a transnational marriage?)"

"跨国电商对你的生活有什么改变？ (How has cross-border e-commerce changed your life?)"

"你认为跨国公司应该如何承担社会责任？ (How do you think MNCs should take social responsibility?)"

"如果公司给你一个跨国调动的机会，你会去吗？ (If the company gave you a transnational transfer opportunity, would you go?)"

موضوعات نگارش

写一写你对跨国公司在全球经济中作用的看法。 (Write about your views on the role of MNCs in the global economy.)

描述一个你熟悉的跨国品牌及其对你生活的影响。 (Describe a multinational brand you are familiar with and its impact on your life.)

如果你要组建一个跨国团队，你会如何解决文化冲突？ (If you were to form a transnational team, how would you resolve cultural conflicts?)

谈谈你对跨国领养或跨国婚姻的理解。 (Talk about your understanding of transnational adoption or marriage.)

想象一下未来世界，跨国界的生活会是什么样子的。 (Imagine a future world, what would life across borders be like?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, while '跨国公司' is the most common use, it can also describe marriages, crimes, investments, and any activity that spans borders. It is a versatile adjective for anything transnational.

It is grammatically correct but rare. Usually, people say '多国旅行' (multi-country trip) or just '出国旅游' (going abroad). '跨国' implies a more systematic or large-scale crossing.

Think of '国际' as 'between nations' (like a bridge between two islands) and '跨国' as 'straddling nations' (like a giant standing on both islands). '跨国' implies a deeper connection or integrated operation.

Yes, it is standard in formal business, academic, and journalistic Chinese. However, it is also used in daily conversation when discussing companies or marriages.

It has the 'foot' radical (足) on the left and '夸' (kuā) on the right. The 'foot' radical indicates movement or stepping.

Not directly. You would say '跨国人才' (transnational talent) or '具有跨国背景的人' (someone with a transnational background).

Yes, you can say '跨国非政府组织' (transnational NGO). It describes organizations that operate in multiple countries.

Not necessarily. A '跨国' company might only operate in two countries (e.g., China and Vietnam). '全球' (global) implies a much wider, worldwide scale.

It is a compound noun. In Chinese grammar, '跨国' is the adjective and '公司' is the noun. They are usually written together without spaces.

Yes, adding '的' makes it more descriptive, but '跨国公司' is the standard fixed term used 99% of the time.

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