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B1 متوسط انگلیسی 9:02 Educational

Why obvious lies make great propaganda

Vox · 3,759,456 بازدید · اضافه شده 2 ماه پیش

آمار یادگیری

B1

سطح CEFR

5/10

سختی

زیرنویس‌ها (197 بخش‌ها)

00:00

At the height of the 2016 election researchers released a report warning about a strange

00:05

propaganda technique.

00:06

Another day, another lie, another conspiracy theory, another falsehood.

00:10

They called it the "firehose of falsehood."

00:12

When a propagandist bombards people with more lies than they can possibly keep up.

00:16

Why all these lies?

00:18

Why is it lie after lie after lie?

00:20

According to the report, these lies don't have to be believable.

00:23

It wasn't just a lie.

00:24

It was such a bad obvious lie.

00:26

Researchers found that even obvious lies had the potential to be highly effective at shaping

00:31

public opinion.

00:32

I mean he just says things and then they are the truth in the world of the Donald.

00:36

The thing is, that report wasn't about Trump.

00:39

It didn't even mention him.

00:41

It was about Russian propaganda.

00:43

And it raised an interesting question: How could a powerful leader benefit from telling

00:48

obvious lies?

00:49

We've signed more bills than any president ever.

00:52

The president just simply lies for no reason.

00:55

I was against the war in Iraq.

00:57

Why lie about something that you don't have to lie about?

00:58

You have people registered in two states.

01:00

They vote twice.

01:01

Why does he keep repeating it if it's obviously not true?

01:05

We're going to get to Trump in a minute.

01:06

Hell yeah!

01:07

But before that, we have to talk to Christopher Paul.

01:09

I'm a senior social scientist at the RAND Corporation.

01:12

He co-wrote the report on Russian firehosing and he described it as having four key characteristics.

01:18

Russian propaganda is high volume and multichannel.

01:20

It's rapid, continuous, and repetitive.

01:22

It makes no commitment to objective reality.

01:25

And it makes no commitment to consistency.

01:27

Oooh, sounds like Trump.

01:28

Can you give me a second?

01:29

I'm building a narrative here.

01:31

The first two characteristics are pretty standard for propaganda.

01:35

Research shows that if we hear a lie from multiple sources, we think of it as more credible.

01:39

The same is true for lies we hear repeatedly.

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