The connective ending 아/어/여서 (aseo/eoseo/yeoseo) is attached to the stem of a verb or adjective to indicate a reason or cause. It means 'because' or 'so' and connects two clauses where the first clause is the reason for the second clause. When using this ending, the tense is typically expressed in the second clause, as the action or state in the first clause leads directly to the second. It cannot be used with imperative or propositive sentences. Remember to use the correct vowel harmony: 아서 with stems ending in ㅏ or ㅗ, 어서 with stems ending in any other vowel, and 여서 with 하다 verbs (하여서 becomes 해서).
When attaching -아/어/여서 to a verb or adjective, it signifies that the preceding clause is the reason or cause for the following clause. It roughly translates to "because," "so," or "therefore." Unlike other similar grammatical structures, -아/어/여서 cannot be used with imperative or propositive sentences. This structure implies a natural flow from cause to effect, making it very common in everyday Korean conversation.
How Formal Is It?
"날씨가 좋아서, 산책을 했습니다. (Because the weather was good, I took a walk.)"
"비가 와서, 집에 있었어요. (Because it rained, I stayed home.)"
"배고파서, 밥 먹었어. (Because I was hungry, I ate.)"
"졸려서, 낮잠 잤어. (Because I was sleepy, I took a nap.)"
"피곤해서, 뻗었어. (Because I was tired, I crashed.)"
Le savais-tu ?
This ending is incredibly versatile and can connect clauses in various ways, not just for cause/reason. It can also indicate sequential actions (e.g., 'went and did') or simultaneous actions (e.g., 'while doing').
Exemples par niveau
비가 와서 영화를 못 봤어요.
Because it rained, I couldn't watch the movie.
Used when the reason directly leads to the outcome.
피곤해서 일찍 잤어요.
Because I was tired, I went to bed early.
Connects an adjective describing a state to an action.
배고파서 밥을 많이 먹었어요.
Because I was hungry, I ate a lot of rice.
The verb '고프다' (to be hungry) takes '아서'.
친구가 와서 기분이 좋아요.
Because my friend came, I feel good.
Expresses a positive feeling resulting from a cause.
늦어서 죄송합니다.
I'm sorry because I'm late.
Often used with apologies, explaining the reason for the apology.
숙제가 많아서 밤을 새웠어요.
Because I had a lot of homework, I stayed up all night.
Indicates a strenuous action due to a reason.
날씨가 더워서 아이스크림을 먹었어요.
Because the weather was hot, I ate ice cream.
Connects a weather condition to a related action.
길이 막혀서 회의에 늦었어요.
Because the road was blocked, I was late for the meeting.
Explains a delay due to an external factor.
Expressions idiomatiques
"비가 와서"
Because it's raining
비가 와서 집에 일찍 왔어요. (I came home early because it was raining.)
neutral"바빠서"
Because I'm busy
오늘은 바빠서 못 만나요. (I can't meet you today because I'm busy.)
neutral"피곤해서"
Because I'm tired
너무 피곤해서 잠을 잤어요. (I slept because I was so tired.)
neutral"배고파서"
Because I'm hungry
배고파서 밥을 먹었어요. (I ate because I was hungry.)
neutral"좋아서"
Because I like it / Because it's good
이 영화가 좋아서 두 번 봤어요. (I watched this movie twice because I liked it.)
neutral"늦어서"
Because I'm late
늦어서 죄송합니다. (I'm sorry because I'm late.)
neutral"졸려서"
Because I'm sleepy
졸려서 커피를 마셨어요. (I drank coffee because I was sleepy.)
neutral"힘들어서"
Because it's difficult / Because I'm having a hard time
일이 힘들어서 쉬고 싶어요. (I want to rest because work is difficult.)
neutral"아파서"
Because I'm sick / Because it hurts
머리가 아파서 학교에 못 갔어요. (I couldn't go to school because my head hurt.)
neutral"추워서"
Because it's cold
날씨가 추워서 옷을 따뜻하게 입었어요. (I dressed warmly because the weather was cold.)
neutralAstuces
When to use -아/어/여서
Use -아/어/여서 when you want to express a reason or cause for something. It's similar to saying 'because' or 'so' in English.
Connecting to verbs and adjectives
Attach -아/어/여서 directly to the stem of a verb or adjective. Remember the vowel harmony rules: -아서 for stems ending in ㅏ or ㅗ, -어서 for others, and -여서 for 하다 verbs (which becomes 해서).
No future tense
You cannot use future tense endings (like -(으)ㄹ 거예요) with -아/어/여서. The action or state causing the next action must be in the present or past.
Don't use with commands/suggestions
It's generally unnatural to use -아/어/여서 to give a reason for a command or a suggestion. For those, you'd typically use -(으)니까 or 때문에.
Order of events
-아/어/여서 often implies a sequential order of events: the first action/state happened, therefore the second action happened. For example, '밥을 먹어서 배불러요' means 'I ate, so I'm full'.
Common usage for greetings
You'll frequently hear -아/어/여서 in common greetings like '만나서 반가워요' (Nice to meet you, literally 'because I met you, I'm glad').
Use with polite endings
The politeness level of the sentence is determined by the final verb or adjective, not by -아/어/여서 itself. You can use it in both formal and informal contexts.
Connecting two sentences
Think of -아/어/여서 as a way to combine two related sentences into one, showing a cause-and-effect relationship. For instance, '비가 왔어요. 그래서 집에 있었어요.' becomes '비가 와서 집에 있었어요.'
Distinction from 때문에
While both mean 'because', -아/어/여서 is more commonly used when the reason is a natural consequence or a generally accepted fact, or when the reason is related to the speaker's own feelings or actions. 때문에 can be more objective and sometimes implies a stronger, more direct cause, and can also attach to nouns.
Practice with daily sentences
Try to form simple sentences explaining why you do things in your daily life. '피곤해서 일찍 잤어요' (I was tired, so I slept early). This will help solidify your understanding.
Origine du mot
Native Korean
Sens originel : The exact original meaning is difficult to pinpoint as it's a grammatical ending that evolved within the Korean language system. It likely developed from older forms expressing connection or sequence.
KoreanicContexte culturel
The politeness level in Korean often dictates which causal connector you use. While 아/어/여서 is widely used and generally neutral, other expressions might be chosen for higher formality or specific nuances. Understanding its usage is key to sounding natural in everyday conversations, showing how events or situations are linked.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsThis is a great question that many learners have! While both '아/어/여서' and '(으)니까' mean 'because' or 'so', there's a key difference in how you use them. '아/어/여서' is generally used for factual reasons or causes, and often connects an action with its result. You typically can't use commands or suggestions after '아/어/여서'. For example, '피곤해서 집에 가요' (I'm tired, so I'm going home).
'(으)니까', on the other hand, is often used when the reason is a new discovery, or when you want to make a suggestion, command, or proposal. For instance, '비가 오니까 우산 가져가세요' (It's raining, so take an umbrella). Also, you can use past tense with '아/어/여서' but not with '(으)니까'. We'll get into more detail about '(으)니까' in a later lesson.
Yes, absolutely! '아/어/여서' works perfectly with adjectives. Just like with verbs, you attach it to the stem of the adjective.
For example, if you want to say 'because it's pretty', you'd take the adjective '예쁘다' (pretty), remove '다', and add '아서' to get '예뻐서'. So, '예뻐서 좋아요' (It's pretty, so I like it).
Another example: '배고프다' (to be hungry) becomes '배고파서' (because I'm hungry). You can then say '배고파서 밥 먹어요' (I'm hungry, so I'm eating rice).
When the verb or adjective stem ends in '하다', you use '여서'. So, '하다' becomes '하여서', which is usually contracted to '해서'.
For instance, '공부하다' (to study) becomes '공부해서' (because I studied/study). You could say '공부해서 시험에 합격했어요' (I studied, so I passed the exam).
Another example is '피곤하다' (to be tired). This becomes '피곤해서' (because I'm tired). For example, '피곤해서 일찍 잤어요' (I was tired, so I slept early).
Yes, you can use '아/어/여서' in the past tense. However, you attach the past tense ending (았/었/였) to the first verb or adjective, and then add '아/어/여서'.
For example, if you want to say 'because I ate', you take '먹다' (to eat), add the past tense '었', so it becomes '먹었'. Then you add '어서' to get '먹어서'. So, '먹어서 배불러요' (I ate, so I'm full).
It's important to put the past tense marker on the first part of the sentence with '아/어/여서'.
No, this is a key point to remember! You generally cannot use commands, suggestions, or proposals in the second clause when you use '아/어/여서'.
For example, you cannot say '비가 와서 우산 가져가세요' (It's raining, so take an umbrella). This would be grammatically incorrect. Instead, you would use '(으)니까' for that kind of sentence: '비가 오니까 우산 가져가세요.'
'아/어/여서' is for stating a reason or cause, not for giving instructions or making suggestions based on that reason.
The choice between '아서', '어서', and '여서' depends on the last vowel of the verb or adjective stem.
Use '아서' if the last vowel is 'ㅏ' or 'ㅗ'. For example, '가다' (to go) becomes '가서' (because I go). '좋다' (to be good) becomes '좋아서' (because it's good).
Use '어서' if the last vowel is anything else (not ㅏ or ㅗ). For example, '먹다' (to eat) becomes '먹어서' (because I eat). '슬프다' (to be sad) becomes '슬퍼서' (because I'm sad).
Use '여서' when the verb or adjective stem ends in '하다'. This typically contracts to '해서'. For example, '공부하다' (to study) becomes '공부해서' (because I study).
While '아/어/여서' is a common and natural way to express cause and effect, in very formal or written contexts, you might see other expressions like '기 때문에' (because of) or '으로 인해' (due to).
However, for everyday conversations and even in moderately formal settings, '아/어/여서' is perfectly acceptable and widely used. It's not considered informal, but rather a standard grammatical connector. So, don't hesitate to use it!
Yes, the order of the clauses is important with '아/어/여서'. The reason or cause always comes first, followed by the result or effect.
So, it's always [reason/cause] 아/어/여서 [result/effect].
For example, you say '비가 와서 추워요' (It's raining, so it's cold). You wouldn't say '추워서 비가 와요' unless you meant that being cold somehow caused the rain, which doesn't make logical sense in most cases! The cause must precede the effect.
No, similar to commands or suggestions, you generally avoid using '아/어/여서' when making polite requests in the second clause.
For example, if you want to say 'Because I'm busy, please help me,' you would not use '바빠서 도와주세요'. Instead, you would use '(으)니까' or another structure. '바쁘니까 도와주세요' would be more natural.
Remember, '아/어/여서' is best for stating facts and natural consequences, not for influencing someone's actions with a request.
A couple of common mistakes include:
1. Using '아/어/여서' with commands/suggestions: As we discussed, this is a big no-no. Remember to use '(으)니까' instead for those situations.
Incorrect: '배고파서 밥 먹자!' (I'm hungry, so let's eat!)
Correct: '배고프니까 밥 먹자!'
2. Putting the past tense marker on the second verb: The past tense marker always goes on the first verb/adjective connected by '아/어/여서'.
Incorrect: '밥 먹어서 배불렀어요.'
Correct: '밥 먹어서 배불러요.' (The being full happened after eating) or if you want to emphasize the eating happened in the past: '밥을 먹어서 배가 불렀어요.' (This is actually fine if the full feeling also finished).
Or if the initial event happened in the past and caused a present state: '늦잠 자서 학교에 늦었어요.' (I overslept, so I was late for school). The 'overslept' is in the past.
Keep practicing and paying attention to these details, and you'll master it!
Teste-toi 78 questions
저는 학생___ 바빠요. (I am busy because I am a student.)
When the preceding noun ends in a consonant, use '이어서'. '학생' ends with a consonant.
날씨가 좋___ 우리는 공원에 갔어요. (Because the weather was good, we went to the park.)
When the preceding verb or adjective stem ends with ㅏ or ㅗ, use '아서'. '좋다' ends with ㅗ.
저는 한국 사람___ 한국어를 공부해요. (Because I am Korean, I study Korean.)
When the preceding noun ends in a consonant, use '이어서'. '사람' ends with a consonant.
배고프___ 밥을 먹어요. (Because I am hungry, I eat rice.)
When the preceding verb or adjective stem ends with ㅏ or ㅗ, use '아서'. '고프다' ends with ㅏ.
너무 춥___ 문을 닫았어요. (Because it was too cold, I closed the door.)
When the preceding verb or adjective stem does not end with ㅏ or ㅗ, use '어서'. '춥다' ends with ㅜ.
늦___ 죄송합니다. (I am sorry because I am late.)
When the preceding verb or adjective stem does not end with ㅏ or ㅗ, use '어서'. '늦다' ends with ㅡ.
저는 피곤해서 ___ 집에 갔어요. (I was tired, so I went home.)
The speaker was tired, so going home quickly makes the most sense. '빨리' means quickly.
비가 ___ 우산이 필요해요. (It's raining, so I need an umbrella.)
To express reason or cause, you need to attach -아/어/여서 to the verb stem. The verb '오다' (to come/rain) becomes '와서' when combined with -아/어/여서.
배고파서 ___ 먹고 싶어요. (I'm hungry, so I want to eat something.)
If someone is hungry, they would want to eat '밥을' (rice/a meal).
날씨가 좋아서 ___ 공원에 갔어요. (The weather was good, so I went to the park.)
The second part of the sentence already indicates going to the park, so the blank needs a place related to good weather for going outside.
피곤해서 ___ 잤어요. (I was tired, so I slept.)
If you are tired, you would likely sleep '일찍' (early).
머리가 아파서 ___ 못 갔어요. (My head hurt, so I couldn't go to school.)
If your head hurts and you can't go somewhere, '학교에' (to school) is a common situation for this.
Choose the correct ending: 비가 오다 ___ 집에 있었어요.
'오다' ends in '오' (a vowel), so '아서' is used. It becomes '와서'.
Which one means 'because I am busy'?
'바쁘다' (to be busy) becomes '바빠서' when combined with '아/어서'.
Complete the sentence: 저는 학생이___ 한국어를 공부해요.
'학생이다' (to be a student) uses '이어서' if the noun ends in a consonant, but often '어서' is used in spoken Korean after '이다'.
You can use '아/어서' with past tense like '먹었어서' to say 'because I ate'.
'아/어서' cannot be used with past tense markers like '았/었'. You would say '먹어서' (because I eat/ate) and let the context or the following clause indicate the tense.
'피곤해서 집에 갔어요.' means 'Because I was tired, I went home.'
'피곤하다' (to be tired) becomes '피곤해서' with '아/어서', correctly expressing the reason for going home.
You can use '아/어서' with imperative sentences (commands) or propositive sentences (suggestions) such as '날씨가 좋아서 산책하세요.'
'아/어서' cannot be used with imperative (-으세요) or propositive (-읍시다) endings. For those, you would use '-(으)니까'.
The correct order is '비가 와서 집에 있어요.' which means 'Because it rained, I am at home.'
The correct order is '배고파서 밥을 먹어요.' which means 'Because I'm hungry, I eat rice.'
The correct order is '피곤해서 일찍 잤어요.' which means 'Because I was tired, I slept early.'
Choose the most natural sentence using -아/어/여서:
-아/어/여서 is used to express cause or reason. 'Because I was tired, I went home.' is the most natural fit.
Which sentence correctly uses -아/어/여서 to indicate a reason?
The sentence 'Because the weather was good, I took a walk' properly uses -아/어/여서 to connect the reason (good weather) to the action (took a walk).
Complete the sentence: 저는 숙제를 다 ___ 영화를 보러 갔어요.
Here, '해서' connects the reason ('I finished my homework') to the action ('went to see a movie').
You can use -아/어/여서 with both verbs and adjectives.
-아/어/여서 attaches to the stem of both verbs and adjectives to express cause or reason.
The ending -아/어/여서 can be used to express a future intention.
-아/어/여서 expresses cause or reason, not future intention. Other grammar points are used for future intentions.
When the verb stem ends in ㅏ or ㅗ, you attach -아서.
This is the correct rule for attaching -아서. For example, 가다 becomes 가서.
What did they do because it rained?
Why did they go to bed early?
What did they do because they were hungry?
Read this aloud:
바빠서 못 갔어요.
Focus: 바빠서
Tu as dit :
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Read this aloud:
친구가 와서 기뻤어요.
Focus: 기뻤어요
Tu as dit :
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Read this aloud:
너무 더워서 창문을 열었어요.
Focus: 더워서
Tu as dit :
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You missed your friend's birthday party. Write a short message apologizing and explaining why you couldn't make it using 아/어/여서.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
생일 파티에 못 가서 정말 미안해. 일이 너무 바빠서 갈 수 없었어.
Describe a time you were happy and explain the reason using 아/어/여서.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
친구를 만나서 정말 행복했어요. 오랜만에 만나서 좋았어요.
You are inviting a friend to a cafe. Explain why you want to go to that specific cafe using 아/어/여서.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이 카페에 가고 싶어. 커피가 맛있어서 좋아.
Why did the person go to the library?
Read this passage:
저는 어제 도서관에 갔습니다. 책을 빌리려고 해서 갔습니다. 그런데 제가 원하는 책이 없어서 그냥 돌아왔습니다.
Why did the person go to the library?
The passage states '책을 빌리려고 해서 갔습니다' which means 'I went to borrow a book.'
The passage states '책을 빌리려고 해서 갔습니다' which means 'I went to borrow a book.'
Why did the person wake up early?
Read this passage:
오늘 아침에 일찍 일어났습니다. 비행기 시간이 빨라서 서둘러야 했습니다. 그래서 공항에 일찍 도착할 수 있었습니다.
Why did the person wake up early?
The passage says '비행기 시간이 빨라서 서둘러야 했습니다' meaning 'Because the airplane time was early, I had to hurry.'
The passage says '비행기 시간이 빨라서 서둘러야 했습니다' meaning 'Because the airplane time was early, I had to hurry.'
Why does the person like Korean dramas?
Read this passage:
저는 한국 드라마를 좋아합니다. 스토리가 재미있어서 매일 봅니다. 한국어를 배우는 데도 도움이 되어서 더욱 좋습니다.
Why does the person like Korean dramas?
The passage states '스토리가 재미있어서 매일 봅니다' meaning 'Because the stories are interesting, I watch them every day.'
The passage states '스토리가 재미있어서 매일 봅니다' meaning 'Because the stories are interesting, I watch them every day.'
This sentence means 'Because it rained, I stayed home.' The '와서' connects the reason (rain) to the result (staying home).
This sentence means 'Because I was hungry, I ate.' The '배고파서' explains the reason for eating.
This sentence means 'Because I was tired, I slept early.' '피곤해서' gives the reason for sleeping early.
저는 너무 피곤해서 ________ 집에 일찍 갔어요.
'그래서' fits here as it shows a resulting action due to the fatigue. While '왜냐하면' also expresses reason, '아/어/여서' already covers the 'because' part.
날씨가 너무 좋아서 ________ 우리는 공원에 산책을 갔어요.
'그러므로' means 'therefore' or 'thus', which perfectly connects the good weather (reason) to the action of going to the park (result).
그는 너무 바빠서 ________ 우리의 제안을 거절했어요.
'때문에' directly translates to 'because of' or 'due to', reinforcing the reason provided by '아/어/여서'.
영화가 너무 감동적이어서 ________ 저는 눈물을 흘렸어요.
'따라서' means 'therefore' or 'consequently', indicating a direct result of the movie being moving.
교통 체증이 너무 심해서 ________ 우리는 약속에 늦었어요.
'그래서' is a common and natural connector to show the consequence of heavy traffic.
그는 몸이 안 좋아서 ________ 회의에 참석하지 못했어요.
'그러므로' indicates that his inability to attend the meeting is a logical consequence of his poor health.
Choose the most natural sentence using '-아/어/여서' to express cause.
'-아/어/여서' directly connects the reason (rain) to the result (staying home). The other options express different relationships.
Which sentence correctly uses '-아/어/여서' to explain a feeling?
When expressing a feeling (like happiness, sadness, etc.) resulting from a cause, '-아/어/여서' is the most natural and grammatically correct conjunction.
Select the sentence that best conveys a reason for an action using '-아/어/여서'.
'-아/어/여서' explicitly states the cause (oversleeping) for the consequence (being late).
You can use '-아/어/여서' to express a reason for a command or suggestion (e.g., 'A라서 B하세요.').
While '-아/어/여서' indicates cause, it generally cannot be used with imperative or propositive endings. For commands or suggestions, other conjunctions like '-(으)니까' are more appropriate.
When connecting two actions that occur sequentially and the first action is the cause of the second, '-아/어/여서' can be used.
'-아/어/여서' can indicate both sequential actions and a causal relationship, where the first action directly leads to the second.
The particle '-아/어/여서' can be used to express a reason for both positive and negative outcomes.
'-아/어/여서' is neutral in tone and can be used to explain the reason behind any outcome, good or bad.
You are explaining to a friend why you chose to study Korean. Write a short paragraph using 아/어/여서 to explain your reasons. (e.g., K-popが好き이어서 한국어를 배워요.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저는 한국 드라마를 너무 좋아해서 한국 문화를 더 깊이 이해하고 싶었어요. 그리고 K-pop도 자주 들어서 가사의 의미를 직접 알고 싶어서 한국어를 배우기 시작했어요. 한국어를 배우면 한국 여행도 더 즐거울 것 같아요.
Describe a recent problem you faced and explain its cause using 아/어/여서. (e.g., 늦잠을 자서 회의에 늦었어요.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
지난 주말에 친구와 약속이 있었는데, 교통 체증이 너무 심해서 약속 시간에 늦었어요. 처음 가는 곳이라 길을 잘 몰라서 헤매기도 했고요. 그래서 친구에게 미안하다고 여러 번 사과해야 했어요.
Imagine you are giving advice to someone who wants to learn a new skill. Explain why it's important to start with the basics, using 아/어/여서. (e.g., 기초를 탄탄히 다져야 다음 단계로 쉽게 넘어갈 수 있어요.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
새로운 기술을 배울 때는 기초가 가장 중요해요. 기초가 튼튼해야만 나중에 더 복잡한 내용을 이해할 수 있어서 처음부터 차근차근 배우는 것이 좋습니다. 서두르다가는 오히려 비효율적일 수 있어서 충분한 시간을 들여 기초를 다져야 해요.
위 글에서 '이 규칙을 잘 몰라서 오해를 사거나 무례하게 비칠 수 있으니'에서 아/어/여서가 나타내는 것은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
한국에서는 나이에 따라 존댓말과 반말을 사용하는 것이 일반적입니다. 처음 만나는 사람이나 자신보다 나이가 많은 사람에게는 존댓말을 사용해서 예의를 표현하는 것이 중요합니다. 반대로 친한 친구나 가족에게는 반말을 사용해서 친밀감을 나타냅니다. 이러한 언어 사용법은 한국 사회의 중요한 특징 중 하나입니다. 이 규칙을 잘 몰라서 오해를 사거나 무례하게 비칠 수 있으니, 한국어를 배울 때는 이 점을 꼭 명심해야 합니다.
위 글에서 '이 규칙을 잘 몰라서 오해를 사거나 무례하게 비칠 수 있으니'에서 아/어/여서가 나타내는 것은 무엇인가요?
이 문장에서 '몰라서'는 '모르는 것이 원인이 되어서'라는 의미로 사용되었습니다. 즉, 규칙을 잘 모르는 것이 오해를 사거나 무례하게 비치는 원인이라는 것을 설명하고 있습니다.
이 문장에서 '몰라서'는 '모르는 것이 원인이 되어서'라는 의미로 사용되었습니다. 즉, 규칙을 잘 모르는 것이 오해를 사거나 무례하게 비치는 원인이라는 것을 설명하고 있습니다.
한국 영화와 드라마가 세계적으로 인기를 얻는 주된 이유로 언급된 것은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
최근 몇 년간 한국 영화와 드라마가 세계적으로 큰 인기를 얻고 있습니다. 이는 한국의 문화 콘텐츠가 높은 수준을 가지고 있어서 많은 사람들에게 깊은 감동과 재미를 주기 때문입니다. 또한, 한국 정부와 기업의 적극적인 투자와 지원이 있었기 때문에 이러한 성장이 가능했습니다. 따라서 한국어 학습에 대한 관심도 자연스럽게 증가하고 있습니다.
한국 영화와 드라마가 세계적으로 인기를 얻는 주된 이유로 언급된 것은 무엇인가요?
지문에서 '한국의 문화 콘텐츠가 높은 수준을 가지고 있어서 많은 사람들에게 깊은 감동과 재미를 주기 때문입니다'라고 명확히 언급되어 있습니다. '아/어/여서'는 이 문장에서 이유를 나타내고 있습니다.
지문에서 '한국의 문화 콘텐츠가 높은 수준을 가지고 있어서 많은 사람들에게 깊은 감동과 재미를 주기 때문입니다'라고 명확히 언급되어 있습니다. '아/어/여서'는 이 문장에서 이유를 나타내고 있습니다.
한국의 여름철 전력 소비량이 급증하는 주요 원인은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
한국의 여름은 매우 덥고 습해서 실내에 머무는 것을 선호하는 사람들이 많습니다. 에어컨 없이는 생활하기 힘들 정도여서 많은 가정과 사무실에 에어컨이 필수 가전제품으로 자리 잡았습니다. 이 때문에 여름철 전력 소비량이 급증하는 경향이 있습니다. 더위를 피하기 위해 해변이나 계곡으로 여행을 떠나는 사람들도 많습니다.
한국의 여름철 전력 소비량이 급증하는 주요 원인은 무엇인가요?
지문에서 '에어컨 없이는 생활하기 힘들 정도여서 많은 가정과 사무실에 에어컨이 필수 가전제품으로 자리 잡았습니다. 이 때문에 여름철 전력 소비량이 급증하는 경향이 있습니다.'라고 설명되어 있습니다. '아/어/여서'와 '이 때문에'가 이유를 나타내고 있습니다.
지문에서 '에어컨 없이는 생활하기 힘들 정도여서 많은 가정과 사무실에 에어컨이 필수 가전제품으로 자리 잡았습니다. 이 때문에 여름철 전력 소비량이 급증하는 경향이 있습니다.'라고 설명되어 있습니다. '아/어/여서'와 '이 때문에'가 이유를 나타내고 있습니다.
Choose the most natural sentence using '-아/어/여서' to express cause or reason:
'-아/어/여서' directly connects the reason (being hungry) to the action (eating). The other options use conjunctions or structures that don't convey a direct cause-and-effect relationship.
Which sentence correctly uses '-아/어/여서' to indicate a sequence of actions where the first action is a prerequisite for the second?
'-아/어/여서' can also indicate that the first action must be completed before the second. In this case, completing homework is a prerequisite for playing games.
Select the sentence where '-아/어/여서' is used to express a polite request or suggestion based on a reason.
When combined with imperative or propositive endings, '-아/어/여서' can politely suggest an action based on a given reason. '피곤해서 집에 가세요' means 'Because you are tired, please go home.'
'-아/어/여서' can be used with past tense markers (e.g., -았/었/였-) to express a past reason.
'-아/어/여서' itself does not take past tense markers. The tense of the sentence is determined by the main verb at the end. For example, '늦어서 미안해요' (I am sorry because I am late) or '늦어서 미안했어요' (I was sorry because I was late). The reason itself doesn't change tense with -아/어/여서.
When the cause and effect are negative, '-아/어/여서' is always the most appropriate choice compared to other reason-expressing grammatical structures.
While '-아/어/여서' can be used with negative cause and effect, other structures like '-(으)니까' or '-기 때문에' might be more natural or emphasize different nuances depending on the specific context and formality. There isn't an 'always' rule for its appropriateness.
'-아/어/여서' can be used with commands or suggestions in the second clause, even when the first clause is a future event.
This is correct. For example, '비가 올 것 같아서 우산을 가져가세요.' (It seems like it will rain, so take an umbrella.) The reason '비가 올 것 같아서' (it seems like it will rain) refers to a future possibility, leading to the command '우산을 가져가세요' (take an umbrella).
'너무 많이 먹어서' is the cause, and '배가 불러요' is the result. The structure is cause + -아/어/여서 + result.
'비가 와서' (because it's raining) is the reason for '집에 있을 거예요' (I will stay home).
'늦게 일어나서' (because I woke up late) is the cause of '학교에 지각했어요' (I was late for school).
/ 78 correct
Perfect score!
When to use -아/어/여서
Use -아/어/여서 when you want to express a reason or cause for something. It's similar to saying 'because' or 'so' in English.
Connecting to verbs and adjectives
Attach -아/어/여서 directly to the stem of a verb or adjective. Remember the vowel harmony rules: -아서 for stems ending in ㅏ or ㅗ, -어서 for others, and -여서 for 하다 verbs (which becomes 해서).
No future tense
You cannot use future tense endings (like -(으)ㄹ 거예요) with -아/어/여서. The action or state causing the next action must be in the present or past.
Don't use with commands/suggestions
It's generally unnatural to use -아/어/여서 to give a reason for a command or a suggestion. For those, you'd typically use -(으)니까 or 때문에.
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Plus de mots sur travel
숙소
B1A place where someone stays for a short time, such as a hotel, guest house, or hostel. A key word for travel-related listening and writing.
어댑터
A2A device for connecting parts of different sizes or types.
입장료
A1A fee charged for entry to a place or event; an admission fee.
~후에
A2Indicates an action occurring after another action.
~ㄴ/은 후에
A2Expresses an action occurring after another action or event; after doing.
은/는 후에
A2Indicates an action occurring after another, meaning 'after doing'.
비행기
A1Airplane; a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.
공항
A1Airport
공항버스
A2Airport bus
통로
A2A narrow way or passage between rows of seats or shelves; an aisle.
