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A2 noun #800 le plus courant 4 min de lecture

아침 식사

achim siksa Top 800

At the A1 level, you should recognize '아침 식사' as the word for breakfast. You will mostly use it with simple verbs like '먹다' (to eat) and '하다' (to do). You might see it in basic textbooks when learning about daily routines. Focus on the fact that '아침' means morning and '식사' means meal. You should be able to say 'I eat breakfast' (아침 식사를 먹어요) and ask 'Did you eat breakfast?' (아침 식사 했어요?).

At the A2 level, you begin to use '아침 식사' in more descriptive sentences. You can talk about what time you have breakfast using time particles like '에' (7시에 아침 식사를 해요). You also start to use the particle '-로' to describe what you eat (아침 식사로 사과를 먹어요). You understand the difference between the casual '아침' and the more formal '아침 식사' and can choose the right one depending on who you are talking to.

At the B1 level, you can use '아침 식사' in complex sentences with conjunctions like '-고' (and) or '-지만' (but). For example, '아침 식사를 하고 학교에 가요' (I have breakfast and go to school). You are comfortable using it in polite settings, such as at a hotel or a restaurant. You also begin to understand cultural nuances, such as why someone might ask if you've had breakfast as a form of greeting.

At the B2 level, you can discuss the health benefits of '아침 식사' or debate the merits of different types of breakfast. You use the term in professional contexts, such as writing a report on nutrition or discussing hotel amenities. You are familiar with related terms like '조식' and '아점' and can use them appropriately. You can also use passive or causative forms related to preparing breakfast.

At the C1 level, '아침 식사' is a word you use fluently in academic or highly formal discussions. You might analyze the sociological shift in Korean '아침 식사' culture from traditional meals to westernized ones. You understand idiomatic expressions and can use the word in literature or formal writing without hesitation. You are also fully aware of the honorific system and when to substitute this word for '진지'.

At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of the term. You can appreciate the nuances of '아침 식사' in historical texts or high-level journalism. You can discuss the etymology of the Sino-Korean components in depth and understand how the term fits into the broader linguistic landscape of Korean honorifics and social hierarchy. You can use the word in any register perfectly.

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

아침 식사 en 30 secondes

아침 식사 is the formal and standard Korean word for breakfast, combining 'morning' and 'meal'.
It is used in polite conversation, professional settings, and written texts to describe the first meal.
Commonly paired with verbs like '먹다' (to eat) and '하다' (to do/have) with the object particle '를'.
Culturally, it is considered the most important meal for health and is a common topic of polite inquiry.

The term 아침 식사 (achim siksa) is the standard, formal way to refer to 'breakfast' in the Korean language. It is a compound noun formed by two distinct parts: 아침 (achim), which means 'morning,' and 식사 (siksa), which means 'meal.' Together, they literally translate to 'morning meal.' While the word 아침 alone is frequently used in casual conversation to mean both 'morning' and 'breakfast,' adding 식사 elevates the tone, making it appropriate for polite, professional, or descriptive contexts.

Literal Meaning: Morning (아침) + Meal (식사). It identifies the specific time of day the nourishment is consumed.
Social Context: Used when speaking to elders, in business settings, or when writing formally about health and nutrition.

건강을 위해서 아침 식사를 꼭 하세요.

Translation: Please make sure to have breakfast for your health.

In modern Korean society, the concept of 아침 식사 has evolved. Traditionally, a Korean breakfast consisted of rice, soup (guk), and various side dishes (banchan), identical in structure to lunch or dinner. However, with the fast-paced lifestyle of contemporary Korea, many people now opt for '간단한 아침 식사' (simple breakfast) consisting of toast, cereal, or fruit. Despite these changes in menu, the term remains the anchor for the first meal of the day.

호텔에서 아침 식사가 포함되어 있나요?

Translation: Is breakfast included at the hotel?

Using 아침 식사 correctly involves pairing it with the right verbs and particles. The most common verb used is 하다 (to do) or 먹다 (to eat). While '먹다' is universal, '식사를 하다' is a very common collocated phrase that sounds natural and slightly more polished.

Object Particle: Since it is a noun, you usually attach '를' (아침 식사를) when it is the object of the sentence.

저는 보통 7시에 아침 식사를 합니다.

When talking about what you had *for* breakfast, you use the particle -로. For example, '아침 식사로 빵을 먹었어요' (I ate bread for breakfast). This structure is essential for describing your diet or routine. Furthermore, if you are speaking to someone of higher status, you should replace 식사 with the honorific 진지 (jinji), though 아침 식사 is still acceptable in many polite contexts if paired with the honorific verb 드시다.

어머니께서 아침 식사를 준비하고 계세요.

You will encounter 아침 식사 in various real-world scenarios, ranging from hospitality to healthcare. In a hotel, the staff will almost always use this term when discussing '조식' (formal breakfast) options. On television, news anchors or health experts discussing the importance of the first meal will use 아침 식사 to maintain a professional tone.

Hospitality: Hotels, guesthouses, and restaurants often list '아침 식사 가능' (Breakfast available).

내일 아침 식사는 몇 시인가요?

In office environments, coworkers might ask each other '아침 식사 하셨어요?' as a polite greeting in the morning. This is less about the actual food and more about showing concern for the other person's well-being. In K-Dramas, you'll often see scenes of families gathered around a table where the mother insists everyone finishes their 아침 식사 before leaving for school or work.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is using the word 아침 (morning) and 아침 식사 (breakfast) interchangeably in contexts where the distinction matters. While '아침 먹었어?' is perfect for friends, saying '아침 식사 먹었어?' to a friend sounds slightly robotic or overly formal.

Verb Mismatch: Avoid saying '아침 식사를 봐요' (I see breakfast). Use '먹어요' or '해요'.

Incorrect: 아침 식사를 마셔요. (I drink breakfast - unless it's a shake!)

Another mistake is forgetting the honorifics when talking to grandparents. Instead of '할머니, 아침 식사 하세요', it is more respectful to say '할머니, 진지 드세요'. However, for beginners, 아침 식사 is a safe middle ground that won't cause offense, whereas using the casual '아침' might seem too blunt.

Korean has several words for the first meal of the day depending on the level of formality and the specific nature of the meal. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker.

조식 (Josik): Sino-Korean term used almost exclusively in hotels or formal menus.
아점 (A-jeom): A portmanteau of 아침 (morning) and 점심 (lunch), equivalent to 'brunch'.
진지 (Jinji): The highest honorific form of 'meal', used for elders.

오늘은 늦게 일어나서 아점을 먹었어요.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

Neutre

Informel

Child friendly

Argot

Le savais-tu ?

In old Korean, the word for breakfast was '조반' (朝飯), which is still used in very traditional or historical contexts. '아침 식사' is the modern standard.

Guide de prononciation

UK /a.tɕʰim ɕik.s͈a/

US /a.tɕʰim ɕik.s͈a/

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but the 'sik' syllable is slightly emphasized because of the following tense consonant.

Rime avec

점심 식사 (Lunch) 저녁 식사 (Dinner) 간식 (Snack) 정식 (Set meal) 회식 (Company dinner) 급식 (School meal) 외식 (Eating out) 조식 (Breakfast - formal)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing '식사' as 'shiksa' with a soft 's' instead of the tense 'ss'.
Merging the 'm' of 'achim' with the 'sh' of 'siksa' too much.
Over-aspirating the 'ch' in 'achim'.
Forgetting to pause slightly after 'sik' for the glottalization of 'sa'.
Pronouncing 'achim' like 'action' without the 'n'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

Easy to read as it uses common Hanja-based and native words.

Écriture 3/5

Requires remembering the spelling of '식사' and '아침'.

Expression orale 3/5

The 'ks' sound in '식사' requires some practice for smooth pronunciation.

Écoute 2/5

Very common word, easy to pick out in conversation.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

아침 식사 먹다 하다

Apprends ensuite

점심 식사 저녁 식사 요리하다 맛있다

Avancé

조식 진지 영양소 결식

Grammaire à connaître

Object Particle 을/를

아침 식사를 먹어요.

Time Particle 에

아침에 식사를 해요.

Honorific Verb -시-

아침 식사 하셨어요?

Sequential -고

아침 식사를 하고 가요.

Particle -로 (Role/Purpose)

아침 식사로 빵을 먹어요.

Exemples par niveau

아침 식사를 해요.

I have breakfast.

Basic present tense.

아침 식사가 맛있어요.

Breakfast is delicious.

Subject particle -가.

아침 식사 했어요?

Did you have breakfast?

Past tense question.

이것은 아침 식사입니다.

This is breakfast.

Formal ending -입니다.

아침 식사를 먹으러 가요.

Let's go eat breakfast.

-(으)러 가다 (go to do).

아침 식사가 없어요.

There is no breakfast.

Negation with 없어요.

아침 식사를 좋아해요.

I like breakfast.

Object particle -를.

엄마, 아침 식사 주세요.

Mom, please give me breakfast.

Imperative -주세요.

저는 8시에 아침 식사를 합니다.

I have breakfast at 8 o'clock.

Time particle -에.

아침 식사로 무엇을 먹어요?

What do you eat for breakfast?

Particle -로 (as/for).

아침 식사를 준비하고 있어요.

I am preparing breakfast.

Progressive -고 있다.

아침 식사 후에 커피를 마셔요.

I drink coffee after breakfast.

Noun + 후에 (after).

간단한 아침 식사를 원해요.

I want a simple breakfast.

Adjective modifying noun.

아침 식사를 꼭 드세요.

Please make sure to eat breakfast.

Honorific verb 드시다.

아침 식사 메뉴가 뭐예요?

What is the breakfast menu?

Possessive-like structure.

친구와 아침 식사를 했어요.

I had breakfast with a friend.

Particle -와 (with).

아침 식사를 거르면 건강에 안 좋아요.

If you skip breakfast, it's not good for your health.

Conditional -(으)면.

호텔 아침 식사는 뷔페 스타일이에요.

The hotel breakfast is buffet style.

Noun description.

아침 식사를 하면서 뉴스를 봐요.

I watch the news while having breakfast.

Simultaneous action -(으)면서.

바빠서 아침 식사를 못 했어요.

I couldn't have breakfast because I was busy.

Reason -아서/어서.

아침 식사를 준비하는 데 30분이 걸려요.

It takes 30 minutes to prepare breakfast.

-는 데 (in doing something).

그 식당은 아침 식사가 아주 유명해요.

That restaurant is very famous for its breakfast.

Adverb usage.

아침 식사를 다 먹고 설거지를 했어요.

I finished breakfast and did the dishes.

-고 (sequential).

내일 아침 식사 메뉴를 미리 정해요.

Let's decide the breakfast menu for tomorrow in advance.

Adverb 미리.

아침 식사의 중요성을 잊지 마세요.

Don't forget the importance of breakfast.

Possessive particle -의.

균형 잡힌 아침 식사를 하는 것이 중요합니다.

It is important to have a balanced breakfast.

Gerund form -는 것.

아침 식사를 제공하는 카페가 많아졌어요.

There are more cafes that provide breakfast now.

Relative clause -는.

그는 아침 식사 대신에 사과 한 알을 먹는다.

He eats an apple instead of breakfast.

Noun + 대신에 (instead of).

아침 식사 시간이 너무 짧아서 아쉬워요.

It's a pity that the breakfast time is too short.

Expressing regret.

전통적인 한국식 아침 식사는 밥과 국입니다.

A traditional Korean breakfast is rice and soup.

Adjectival form -적인.

아침 식사를 마친 후 산책을 나갔다.

After finishing breakfast, I went out for a walk.

Written narrative style.

많은 학생들이 아침 식사를 거르고 등교한다.

Many students skip breakfast and go to school.

Formal descriptive style.

현대인들에게 아침 식사는 선택이 아닌 필수가 되어야 한다.

For modern people, breakfast should be a necessity, not an option.

A-가 아닌 B (Not A but B).

아침 식사 결식률이 높아지는 원인을 분석해 봅시다.

Let's analyze the reasons why the rate of skipping breakfast is increasing.

Academic vocabulary (결식률).

정성껏 준비한 아침 식사는 하루의 활력소가 된다.

A breakfast prepared with care becomes the energy source for the day.

Metaphorical usage.

아침 식사 문화의 변천사를 살펴보면 흥미롭다.

It is interesting to look at the history of changes in breakfast culture.

Formal research tone.

부모님은 항상 자녀의 아침 식사를 챙기느라 분주하시다.

Parents are always busy taking care of their children's breakfast.

-느라 (due to doing).

아침 식사를 거르는 습관은 비만의 원인이 될 수 있다.

The habit of skipping breakfast can be a cause of obesity.

Potentiality -을 수 있다.

그 호텔의 아침 식사 서비스는 타의 추종을 불허한다.

The breakfast service at that hotel is second to none.

Idiomatic expression (타의 추종을 불허하다).

아침 식사 도중 나눈 대화가 깊은 인상을 남겼다.

The conversation we had during breakfast left a deep impression.

Noun + 도중 (during).

아침 식사라는 행위는 단순한 영양 섭취 이상의 사회적 의미를 지닌다.

The act of having breakfast carries a social significance beyond simple nutritional intake.

Philosophical tone.

고풍스러운 저택에서의 아침 식사는 마치 영화의 한 장면 같았다.

Breakfast in the quaint mansion was like a scene from a movie.

Simile usage.

그는 아침 식사를 하며 하루의 업무를 구상하는 습관이 있다.

He has a habit of planning his day's work while having breakfast.

Professional habit description.

아침 식사의 질이 노동 생산성에 미치는 영향에 대한 논문이다.

This is a thesis on the impact of breakfast quality on labor productivity.

Complex noun phrase.

한국의 아침 식사 담론은 최근 건강식 중심으로 재편되고 있다.

The discourse on breakfast in Korea is recently being reorganized around healthy food.

Passive voice (재편되다).

정갈하게 차려진 아침 식사 상차림에서 주인의 성품이 드러난다.

The host's character is revealed in the neatly prepared breakfast table setting.

Literary description.

아침 식사를 거부하는 아이와 실랑이를 벌이는 것은 고역이다.

It is an ordeal to have a tussle with a child who refuses breakfast.

Advanced vocabulary (실랑이, 고역).

아침 식사라는 일상의 파편들이 모여 삶의 궤적을 이룬다.

Fragments of daily life, such as breakfast, gather to form the trajectory of life.

Highly metaphorical.

Collocations courantes

아침 식사를 하다

아침 식사를 거르다

간단한 아침 식사

든든한 아침 식사

아침 식사 메뉴

아침 식사 시간

아침 식사 대용

아침 식사 포함

아침 식사 준비

아침 식사 습관

Phrases Courantes

아침 식사 하셨어요?

아침 식사 맛있게 하세요

아침 식사 전

아침 식사 후

아침 식사 거르지 마세요

아침 식사 준비 다 됐어요

아침 식사 대충 먹다

아침 식사가 입에 맞다

아침 식사를 챙겨 먹다

아침 식사 모임

Souvent confondu avec

아침 식사 vs 아침

Can mean 'morning' or 'breakfast'. Use '아침 식사' to be specific about the meal.

아침 식사 vs 조식

More formal/Sino-Korean. Used in hotels, whereas '아침 식사' is used everywhere.

아침 식사 vs 점심

Means lunch. Don't mix them up based on the time of day!

Expressions idiomatiques

"아침 식사 거리가 없다"

To be so poor that there is no food for breakfast.

집에 아침 식사 거리도 없어서 걱정이에요.

Descriptive

"아침 식사를 죽으로 때우다"

To settle for a simple porridge for breakfast instead of a full meal.

입맛이 없어서 아침 식사를 죽으로 때웠어요.

Casual

"아침 식사도 못 할 만큼 바쁘다"

To be incredibly busy (so much that one can't even eat).

요즘 아침 식사도 못 할 만큼 바빠요.

Common

"아침 식사가 보약이다"

Breakfast is the best medicine (emphasizing its health benefits).

아침 식사가 보약이니 꼭 챙겨 드세요.

Proverbial

"아침 식사 상을 차리다"

To set the breakfast table (implies effort and care).

정성껏 아침 식사 상을 차렸어요.

Neutral

"아침 식사 한 끼"

A single breakfast meal (often used to emphasize the value of a meal).

아침 식사 한 끼가 큰 힘이 됩니다.

Neutral

"아침 식사 바람"

The morning breeze/atmosphere during breakfast time.

상쾌한 아침 식사 바람을 맞으며 밥을 먹었다.

Literary

"아침 식사 손님"

A guest who comes for breakfast.

갑자기 아침 식사 손님이 오셨어요.

Neutral

"아침 식사 냄새"

The smell of breakfast cooking (evokes nostalgia).

아침 식사 냄새에 잠이 깼어요.

Descriptive

"아침 식사 투정"

Complaining about the breakfast provided (usually by children).

아이가 아침 식사 투정을 부려요.

Common

Facile à confondre

아침 식사 vs 아침

Both can mean breakfast.

'아침' is more casual and also means 'morning'. '아침 식사' is specifically the meal.

아침(morning)에 아침 식사(breakfast)를 해요.

아침 식사 vs 조식

Both mean breakfast.

'조식' is formal Sino-Korean used in business/hotels.

호텔 조식이 맛있어요.

아침 식사 vs 진지

Both mean meal.

'진지' is the honorific form for elders.

할머니, 진지 드세요.

아침 식사 vs 식사

Generic vs specific.

'식사' is any meal. '아침 식사' is the morning one.

지금 식사 중이에요.

아침 식사 vs 아점

Time overlap.

'아점' is brunch (late morning).

일요일엔 아점을 먹어요.

Structures de phrases

아침 식사 + 먹어요

아침 식사 먹어요.

아침 식사 + 해요

아침 식사 해요.

[Time] + 에 아침 식사 + 해요

7시에 아침 식사 해요.

아침 식사 + 로 + [Food]

아침 식사로 김밥을 먹어요.

아침 식사 + 후에 + [Action]

아침 식사 후에 운동해요.

아침 식사 + 하면서 + [Action]

아침 식사 하면서 책을 읽어요.

아침 식사 + 를 거르다

아침 식사를 거르면 안 돼요.

아침 식사 + 의 중요성

아침 식사의 중요성을 강조하다.

Famille de mots

Noms

Verbes

Adjectifs

Apparenté

Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely frequent in daily life and hospitality.

Erreurs courantes

아침 식사를 봐요 → 아침 식사를 해요/먹어요
You 'do' or 'eat' a meal, you don't 'see' it in this context.
아침 식사 먹었어? → 아침 먹었어?
Using the full formal '아침 식사' with casual '어' ending sounds unnatural.
할머니 아침 식사 먹어 → 할머니 진지 드세요
Lack of honorifics when speaking to a grandmother is rude.
아침 식사로 커피를 마셔요 → 아침 식사 때 커피를 마셔요
Unless coffee IS the meal, '때' (time) or '후에' (after) is better than '로' (as).
아침식사 (no space) → 아침 식사
Standard Korean orthography requires a space between these two nouns.

Astuces

Greeting with Food

Asking about breakfast is a sign of politeness and care in Korea.

Particle Usage

Use '-로' to specify what you ate for the meal.

Formal vs Informal

Stick to '아침 식사' in professional emails or when talking to teachers.

Tense Sounds

Remember the double 's' sound in '식사' (siksa -> sik-ssa).

Importance

Koreans view breakfast as essential for brain power and energy.

Hotel Tips

Look for the word '조식' on hotel signs for breakfast info.

Politeness

Always use honorific verbs (드시다) when asking an elder about their meal.

Spacing

Don't forget the space between '아침' and '식사'.

Context

If you hear '7시' and '먹다', it's likely about breakfast.

Brunch

Use '아점' with friends for a trendy vibe.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'A-CHIM' as 'A CHIME' of a clock in the morning, and 'SIKSA' as 'SEEK-SAUCE' because you are seeking food (sauce) for your meal.

Association visuelle

Imagine a bright sun rising (아침) over a table full of steaming rice and bowls (식사).

Word Web

Rice Morning Coffee Egg Toast Soup Healthy Start

Défi

Try to say 'I had breakfast' in Korean every time you finish your first meal for the next three days.

Origine du mot

아침 (Native Korean for 'morning') + 食事 (Sino-Korean for 'meal'). The word '식사' comes from the Chinese characters '食' (to eat) and '事' (matter/affair).

Sens originel : The affair or activity of eating in the morning.

Koreanic (Native) + Sino-Korean (Hanja).

Contexte culturel

Be aware that asking 'Did you eat?' can be a greeting, not necessarily an invitation to go eat.

In English-speaking cultures, breakfast is often associated with eggs, bacon, or cereal. In Korea, it's traditionally rice and soup, though this is changing.

The K-Drama 'Let's Eat' features many breakfast scenes. Korean 'Mokbang' creators often start their day with a large breakfast. The proverb '아침 식사는 왕처럼' (Eat breakfast like a king).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

At a Hotel

아침 식사는 몇 시부터인가요?
아침 식사 포함인가요?
식당이 어디예요?
방 번호가 어떻게 되세요?

At Home

아침 식사 준비됐어.
아침 식사 꼭 먹어.
오늘 아침 식사는 뭐야?
설거지 도와줄게.

At a Doctor's Office

아침 식사 전에 드세요.
아침 식사를 거르지 마세요.
규칙적인 식사가 중요해요.
무엇을 드셨나요?

At Work

아침 식사 하셨어요?
아침 식사 모임이 있어요.
간단하게 먹었어요.
커피 한 잔 하실래요?

With Friends

아점 먹으러 갈래?
아침 식사 메뉴 추천해줘.
배고파 죽겠어.
맛있는 거 먹자.

Amorces de conversation

"오늘 아침 식사로 무엇을 드셨나요?"

"보통 아침 식사를 챙겨 드시는 편인가요?"

"가장 좋아하는 아침 식사 메뉴가 뭐예요?"

"아침 식사를 집에서 드세요, 아니면 밖에서 드세요?"

"아침 식사를 할 때 뉴스를 보시나요?"

Sujets d'écriture

오늘 아침 식사에 대해 자세히 써 보세요. 맛은 어땠나요?

당신에게 아침 식사가 왜 중요한지 (혹은 중요하지 않은지) 설명해 보세요.

어릴 적 기억에 남는 아침 식사 풍경을 묘사해 보세요.

가장 완벽한 아침 식사 메뉴를 구성해 보세요.

한국의 아침 식사 문화와 당신 나라의 문화를 비교해 보세요.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

In formal writing and polite speech, yes. In casual speech, '아침' is more common.

Yes, '아침 식사를 먹다' is perfectly correct and common.

The honorific is '진지'. You would say '진지 드셨어요?' to an elder.

You say '아침 식사를 걸러요' or '아침을 안 먹어요'.

It is written as two words with a space: '아침 식사'.

Traditionally rice, soup, and side dishes, but bread and cereal are now very common.

No, that would be '아침 회의'. It strictly refers to the meal.

Rarely. It sounds too formal for a home setting.

Usually '를' (object) or '가' (subject).

You say '아침 식사 준비 다 됐어요'.