竞争者 en 30 secondes

  • Competitor: someone striving for the same goal.
  • Used in business, sports, academics.
  • Implies competition for limited resources or success.
  • Key term for understanding rivalry and market dynamics.

The Chinese word 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) directly translates to 'competitor' or 'rival' in English. It refers to individuals, groups, or entities that are vying for the same goal, market share, or position. This word is commonly used in various contexts, including business, sports, academics, and even in everyday life when people are striving for something that is limited.

In the business world, 竞争者 refers to other companies or brands that offer similar products or services and are trying to attract the same customers. For instance, if you are opening a new café, your 竞争者 would be other cafés in the same neighborhood.

In sports, 竞争者 are the athletes or teams who are competing against each other to win a match, championship, or award. The intensity of competition often determines how fiercely these 竞争者 perform.

Academically, students might be considered 竞争者 for limited spots in prestigious universities or for top grades. The concept extends to any situation where there's a striving for limited resources or recognition.

Beyond formal settings, you might hear 竞争者 used metaphorically. For example, if two siblings are both vying for their parent's attention, one might jokingly refer to the other as a 'little 竞争者'. The core idea is always about opposition and striving for a limited objective.

Understanding 竞争者 is crucial for strategic planning, whether you are analyzing the market, preparing for a game, or simply navigating social dynamics. It highlights the presence of others who are also aiming for success in the same arena.

Our company needs to understand its main 竞争者 in order to develop a better marketing strategy.

Key Components
The word is composed of three characters: (jìng) meaning 'to compete', (zhēng) meaning 'to strive' or 'to contend', and (zhě) which is a suffix indicating a person or agent. Together, they form the noun 'competitor'.
Business Application
In business, analyzing your 竞争者 involves looking at their products, pricing, marketing tactics, and customer base. This analysis helps in identifying opportunities and threats.
Sports Analogy
Think of a race. All the runners on the track are 竞争者, each aiming to cross the finish line first. The competition makes the event exciting.

Using 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) correctly involves placing it in contexts where a rivalry or contest for a limited resource or goal is present. It's a versatile noun that can be used in both formal and informal settings, though its nuance might shift slightly.

In Business and Economics: This is where the word is most frequently encountered. You'll often hear discussions about market share, strategies to outperform rivals, and the impact of competitors on pricing and innovation. For example, a company might state its objective to gain more market share from its 竞争者.

我们必须密切关注主要 竞争者 的下一步行动。

Wǒmen bìxū mìqiè guānzhù zhǔyào jìngzhēngzhě de xià yī bù xíngdòng.

English: We must closely watch the next moves of our main competitors.

In Sports: The term is natural when discussing athletic events. Athletes are 竞争者, and their performance is often measured against their rivals.

这位新星在比赛中表现出色,给所有 竞争者 带来了压力。

Zhè wèi xīn xīng zài bǐsài zhōng biǎoxiàn chūsè, gěi suǒyǒu jìngzhēngzhě dài lái le yālì.

English: This rising star performed excellently in the competition, putting pressure on all competitors.

In Academics and Career: When discussing applications for limited positions, scholarships, or prestigious programs, 竞争者 is appropriate.

申请这个职位的 竞争者 非常多,我们需要脱颖而出。

Shēnqǐng zhège zhíwèi de jìngzhēngzhě fēicháng duō, wǒmen xūyào tuōyǐngérchū.

English: There are many competitors applying for this position; we need to stand out.

General Life Situations: Even in less formal contexts, it can describe people vying for attention, resources, or a particular outcome.

在这次辩论赛中,每个 竞争者 都表现出了极高的智慧。

Zài zhè cì biànlùn sài zhōng, měi ge jìngzhēngzhě dōu biǎoxiàn chū le jí gāo de zhìhuì.

English: In this debate competition, every competitor displayed high intelligence.

Common Sentence Structures
Subject + Verb + 竞争者 (e.g., 公司有许多 竞争者 - The company has many competitors).
竞争者 + 的 + Noun (e.g., 竞争者 的策略 - Competitors' strategies).
Verb + 竞争者 (e.g., 打败 竞争者 - Defeat competitors).

You'll encounter 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) frequently in various real-world scenarios, reflecting its broad applicability. The context in which you hear it will often dictate the specific nuance of competition being discussed.

Business News and Analysis: In reports about the economy, market trends, or specific industries, anchors and analysts frequently use 竞争者 when discussing company performance, market strategies, and competitive landscapes. For example, a news segment might analyze how a new product launch by one company impacts its 竞争者.

最新财报显示,该公司在 竞争者 中表现突出。

Zuìxīn cáibào xiǎnshì, gāi gōngsī zài jìngzhēngzhě zhōng biǎoxiàn tūchū.

English: The latest financial report shows that the company performed outstandingly among its competitors.

Sports Commentary: During live sports broadcasts, commentators will often refer to athletes or teams as 竞争者 when discussing the dynamics of the game, the rivalry between participants, or the overall field of contenders.

这两位选手都是奥运会上的强力 竞争者

Zhè liǎng wèi xuǎnshǒu dōu shì àoyùnhuì shàng de qiánglì jìngzhēngzhě.

English: These two athletes are both strong competitors in the Olympics.

Academic and University Admissions: In discussions about university rankings, scholarship opportunities, or competitive entrance exams, 竞争者 will be used to describe other applicants.

申请名校的 竞争者 背景都很强。

Shēnqǐng míngxiào de jìngzhēngzhě bèijǐng dōu hěn qiáng.

English: The competitors applying for prestigious schools all have strong backgrounds.

Everyday Conversations: People might use it informally to describe rivals in less serious situations, like competing for a parking spot, the last item on sale, or even for affection in a playful manner.

别和我抢,我是你最强的 竞争者

Bié hé wǒ qiǎng, wǒ shì nǐ zuì qiáng de jìngzhēngzhě!

English: Don't fight me for it, I'm your strongest competitor!

Contextual Clues
Listen for words related to competition, winning, losing, markets, sales, games, or striving for limited resources. These terms will often precede or surround the use of 竞争者.

Learners of Chinese might make a few common mistakes when using or understanding 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě). These often stem from direct translation or a misunderstanding of the word's scope.

Mistake 1: Confusing with General Opponents or Enemies

Error: Using 竞争者 to describe someone who is purely an adversary or enemy, without the element of striving for a common, limited goal. For example, using it in a military context where the other side is an 'enemy' (敌人 - dírén) rather than a 'competitor'.

Correct Usage: 竞争者 implies a contest or rivalry for something that is scarce or desired by multiple parties. An enemy is someone actively hostile, not necessarily competing for the same prize in the same way.

Incorrect: 他是我的敌人,也是我的 竞争者

Incorrect: Tā shì wǒ de dírén, yě shì wǒ de jìngzhēngzhě.

English: He is my enemy, and also my competitor. (This implies the enemy is also in a race for the same thing).

Mistake 2: Overusing the Suffix '者' (zhě)

Error: Assuming that any word describing a person in a role can have '者' added to it. While 竞争者 is a standard term, attempting to create new words by adding '者' to unrelated concepts can lead to awkward or incorrect phrasing.

Correct Usage: 竞争者 is a fixed term. It's best to learn established words rather than trying to construct new ones without a strong understanding of Chinese morphology.

Mistake 3: Direct Translation from English 'Rival'

Error: Sometimes, 'rival' might be translated as 竞争者 even when a more specific or nuanced term might be better, or vice versa. For example, 'rival' in a romantic context might be better expressed with other words.

Correct Usage: While 竞争者 can sometimes overlap with 'rival', consider the specific context. For romantic rivals, words like '情敌' (qíngdí) might be more appropriate. The key is to understand the core meaning of competition for a limited resource.

Incorrect: 他是我感情上的 竞争者

Incorrect: Tā shì wǒ gǎnqíng shàng de jìngzhēngzhě.

English: He is my emotional competitor. (Better: 他是我感情上的情敌 - Tā shì wǒ gǎnqíng shàng de qíngdí - He is my romantic rival).

Distinguishing 竞争者 from Similar Words
It's important to differentiate 竞争者 from words like '对手' (duìshǒu - opponent), which is broader and can include anyone you are playing against, even in a friendly game. 竞争者 specifically implies a contest for limited resources or a shared goal.

Understanding 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) is enhanced by comparing it with similar Chinese words. These alternatives often carry slightly different connotations or are used in more specific contexts.

对手 (duìshǒu)
Meaning: Opponent, adversary, rival. This is a more general term than 竞争者. It can be used for anyone you are in opposition to in a game, debate, or contest, regardless of whether there's a scarcity of resources involved.
Usage: You can be a '对手' in a friendly chess game, a debate, or even a fight. The focus is on the opposition itself.
Example: 他是我的老对手了。(Tā shì wǒ de lǎo duìshǒu le.) - He is my old opponent. (This could be in sports, business, or even a long-standing personal rivalry).
Comparison: 竞争者 specifically implies competition for limited resources or a shared objective, whereas '对手' is broader and simply means someone you are up against.
敌人 (dírén)
Meaning: Enemy. This term denotes someone who is actively hostile or an adversary in a conflict, often with a sense of animosity. It's much stronger than 竞争者 or '对手'.
Usage: Typically used in war, political conflicts, or serious personal disputes where there is a clear sense of antagonism.
Example: 士兵们在战场上与敌人作战。(Shìbīngmen zài zhànchǎng shàng yǔ dírén zuòzhàn.) - Soldiers fight against enemies on the battlefield.
Comparison: 竞争者 are striving for something; '敌人' are actively opposed to you, often with intent to harm or defeat you in a conflict.
情敌 (qíngdí)
Meaning: Romantic rival. This is a specific type of rival who is competing for the affection of the same person.
Usage: Used in contexts related to love, relationships, and romantic pursuits.
Example: 她发现自己有了一个 情敌。(Tā fāxiàn zìjǐ yǒu le yī gè qíngdí.) - She discovered she had a romantic rival.
Comparison: While a 竞争者 competes for any limited resource, a 情敌 is exclusively focused on romantic competition.
竞争对手 (jìngzhēng duìshǒu)
Meaning: Competitor, rival (literally 'competing opponent'). This is a very close synonym to 竞争者 and is often used interchangeably, especially in formal business contexts.
Usage: Commonly used in business, economics, and strategic discussions.
Example: 我们需要分析所有 竞争对手 的优缺点。(Wǒmen xūyào fēnxī suǒyǒu jìngzhēng duìshǒu de yōu quēdiǎn.) - We need to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of all competing rivals.
Comparison: 竞争者 and 竞争对手 are very similar. 竞争对手 explicitly includes the idea of 'opponent', making it slightly more descriptive of the adversarial aspect of competition.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The character '者' (zhě) has a very long history in Chinese, dating back to ancient oracle bone script. It originally depicted a person carrying something, evolving to represent a person or agent performing an action. Its usage as a suffix to form nouns indicating a person is a common linguistic pattern.

Guide de prononciation

UK /dʒɪŋ ʈʂɛŋ tʂɤ/
US /dʒɪŋ tʃɛŋ tʃər/
There is no strong primary stress in Chinese words, but the syllables are generally pronounced with equal emphasis, with a slight rise in pitch for the third syllable.
Rime avec
cheng zheng ting xing ming qing jing ling ping
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing 'j' as in 'judge' instead of the softer Chinese 'j'.
  • Aspirating the 'ch' sound in 'cheng' too strongly, making it sound like English 'ch' in 'church'.
  • Pronouncing the final 'r' sound in 'zhe' too strongly, as it's more of a neutral syllable ending.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

This word is relatively straightforward to understand in context, especially in business or sports. Its meaning is quite direct. Advanced learners might encounter it in more complex economic or strategic analyses.

Écriture 2/5
Expression orale 2/5
Écoute 2/5

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

竞争 (jìngzhēng) - competition 人 (rén) - person 公司 (gōngsī) - company 比赛 (bǐsài) - match/competition 对手 (duìshǒu) - opponent

Apprends ensuite

市场 (shìchǎng) - market 行业 (hángyè) - industry 策略 (cèlüè) - strategy 优势 (yōushì) - advantage 劣势 (lièshì) - disadvantage

Avancé

市场份额 (shìchǎng fèn'é) - market share 竞争优势 (jìngzhēng yōushì) - competitive advantage 寡头垄断 (guǎtóu lǒngduàn) - oligopoly 颠覆性创新 (diānfùxìng chuàngxīn) - disruptive innovation

Grammaire à connaître

Using quantifiers with nouns

Many competitors: 许多竞争者 (xǔduō jìngzhēngzhě). Few competitors: 很少竞争者 (hěn shǎo jìngzhēngzhě). Some competitors: 一些竞争者 (yīxiē jìngzhēngzhě).

Using adjectives to modify nouns

Strong competitor: 强大的竞争者 (qiángdà de jìngzhēngzhě). New competitor: 新的竞争者 (xīn de jìngzhēngzhě).

Using '的' (de) to show possession or attribution

Competitor's strategy: 竞争者的策略 (jìngzhēngzhě de cèlüè).

Using verbs like '有' (yǒu - to have) or '是' (shì - to be) with nouns

There are many competitors: 有很多竞争者 (yǒu hěn duō jìngzhēngzhě). He is a competitor: 他是竞争者 (Tā shì jìngzhēngzhě).

Using verbs like '打败' (dǎbài - to defeat) or '面对' (miànduì - to face) with nouns

Defeat the competitors: 打败竞争者 (dǎbài jìngzhēngzhě). Face the competitors: 面对竞争者 (miànduì jìngzhēngzhě).

Exemples par niveau

1

他是我的竞争者。

He is my competitor.

Simple subject-verb-object structure.

2

我们有三个竞争者。

We have three competitors.

Using a number with the noun.

3

他是好竞争者。

He is a good competitor.

Adjective modifying the noun.

4

他们是竞争者。

They are competitors.

Plural subject.

5

这个项目有竞争者。

This project has competitors.

Existence of competitors for something.

6

他是我的对手,也是我的竞争者。

He is my opponent, and also my competitor.

Using conjunction 'and also'.

7

谁是最大的竞争者?

Who is the biggest competitor?

Question word 'who'.

8

请找到竞争者。

Please find the competitors.

Imperative sentence.

1

这家公司有很多竞争者。

This company has many competitors.

Using '很多' (many) with the noun.

2

我们需要打败我们的竞争者。

We need to defeat our competitors.

'需要' + verb + object structure.

3

他是体育界的著名竞争者。

He is a famous competitor in the sports world.

Describing someone's role in a specific field.

4

这个市场上的竞争者越来越多。

There are more and more competitors in this market.

Using '越来越' (more and more) to indicate a trend.

5

我们应该学习竞争者的优点。

We should learn from the strengths of our competitors.

'应该' (should) + verb + object.

6

他们的策略和我们的竞争者相似。

Their strategies are similar to our competitors'.

Using '和' (and) and '相似' (similar).

7

作为一名学生,我也有我的竞争者。

As a student, I also have my competitors.

Using '作为' (as) to define a role.

8

找出所有竞争者的名字。

Find out the names of all the competitors.

Imperative with object.

1

在这个高度竞争的行业里,识别出主要的竞争者至关重要。

In this highly competitive industry, identifying the main competitors is crucial.

Using '高度竞争的' (highly competitive) and '至关重要' (crucial).

2

为了在市场上生存,我们必须了解竞争者的优势和劣势。

To survive in the market, we must understand the strengths and weaknesses of our competitors.

Using '为了' (in order to) and '了解' (understand).

3

新进入市场的竞争者可能会扰乱现有的格局。

New competitors entering the market may disrupt the existing landscape.

Using '新进入市场的' (newly entering the market) and '扰乱' (disrupt).

4

在奥运会决赛中,每一位选手都是不容小觑的竞争者。

In the Olympic finals, every athlete is a competitor not to be underestimated.

Using '不容小觑' (not to be underestimated).

5

企业需要不断创新来应对日益增长的竞争者带来的压力。

Businesses need to continuously innovate to cope with the pressure brought by increasingly numerous competitors.

Using '不断创新' (continuously innovate) and '日益增长的' (increasingly numerous).

6

他凭借其独特的技能,成为了所有竞争者中的佼佼者。

With his unique skills, he became a standout among all competitors.

Using '凭借' (rely on/with) and '佼佼者' (standout/elite).

7

分析竞争者的营销策略有助于我们制定更有效的广告计划。

Analyzing competitors' marketing strategies helps us develop more effective advertising plans.

Using gerund-like structure with '分析' (analyzing) and '有助于' (helps).

8

即使是小型企业,也可能拥有一些不那么显眼的竞争者。

Even small businesses may have some less obvious competitors.

Using '即使' (even) and '不那么显眼' (less obvious).

1

市场饱和使得新进入者在面对现有竞争者时举步维艰。

Market saturation makes it difficult for new entrants to proceed when facing established competitors.

Using '市场饱和' (market saturation), '举步维艰' (difficult to proceed).

2

成功的关键在于如何有效地区分自己,而不是仅仅模仿竞争者。

The key to success lies in how to effectively differentiate oneself, rather than merely imitating competitors.

Using '关键在于' (the key lies in), '区分' (differentiate), '仅仅模仿' (merely imitate).

3

在科技领域,竞争者的创新速度往往决定了它们的市场地位。

In the technology sector, the speed of innovation of competitors often determines their market position.

Using '科技领域' (technology sector), '决定了' (determines).

4

虽然我们拥有技术优势,但不能忽视来自低成本竞争者的威胁。

Although we have a technological advantage, we cannot ignore the threat from low-cost competitors.

Using '虽然...但...' (although...but...), '技术优势' (technological advantage), '低成本' (low-cost).

5

为了在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出,我们需要制定前瞻性的战略。

To stand out in fierce competition, we need to formulate forward-looking strategies.

Using '激烈的竞争' (fierce competition), '脱颖而出' (stand out), '前瞻性的战略' (forward-looking strategies).

6

许多初创企业在早期阶段就因为无法应对强大的竞争者而倒闭。

Many startups fail in their early stages because they cannot cope with powerful competitors.

Using '初创企业' (startups), '无法应对' (cannot cope with), '倒闭' (go out of business).

7

评估竞争者的潜在反应是制定危机管理计划的重要组成部分。

Assessing the potential reactions of competitors is an important component of formulating a crisis management plan.

Using '评估' (assess), '潜在反应' (potential reactions), '危机管理计划' (crisis management plan).

8

通过合作而非对抗,一些企业试图与竞争者建立共赢关系。

Through cooperation rather than confrontation, some companies attempt to establish win-win relationships with competitors.

Using '合作而非对抗' (cooperation rather than confrontation), '共赢关系' (win-win relationship).

1

在瞬息万变的商业环境中,企业必须具备敏锐的洞察力来识别并应对新兴的竞争者。

In the rapidly changing business environment, companies must possess keen insight to identify and respond to emerging competitors.

Using '瞬息万变的' (rapidly changing), '敏锐的洞察力' (keen insight), '新兴的' (emerging).

2

过度依赖模仿竞争者的商业模式,最终只会导致同质化和利润的缩减。

Over-reliance on imitating competitors' business models will ultimately only lead to homogenization and reduced profits.

Using '过度依赖' (over-reliance), '同质化' (homogenization), '利润的缩减' (reduced profits).

3

全球化使得竞争者不再局限于地理位置,而是来自世界各地。

Globalization means that competitors are no longer confined by geographical location but come from all over the world.

Using '全球化' (globalization), '局限于' (confined by).

4

当一个行业出现颠覆性创新时,传统的竞争者往往难以适应,从而为新势力腾出空间。

When disruptive innovation occurs in an industry, traditional competitors often find it difficult to adapt, thus making way for new forces.

Using '颠覆性创新' (disruptive innovation), '难以适应' (difficult to adapt), '腾出空间' (make way).

5

企业文化中鼓励创新和冒险精神,有助于培养能够战胜竞争者的优秀人才。

Encouraging innovation and a spirit of adventure in corporate culture helps cultivate excellent talent capable of defeating competitors.

Using '冒险精神' (spirit of adventure), '培养' (cultivate), '优秀人才' (excellent talent).

6

在体育竞技领域,对竞争者的深入研究不仅关乎策略,也关乎心理素质的较量。

In the realm of sports competition, in-depth research on competitors is not only about strategy but also about the contest of psychological fortitude.

Using '体育竞技领域' (sports competition realm), '深入研究' (in-depth research), '心理素质的较量' (contest of psychological fortitude).

7

通过识别竞争者的盲点,我们可以找到独特的市场切入点。

By identifying competitors' blind spots, we can find unique market entry points.

Using '盲点' (blind spots), '市场切入点' (market entry points).

8

战略联盟可以是一种与竞争者共存并互利的方式。

Strategic alliances can be a way to coexist and benefit mutually with competitors.

Using '战略联盟' (strategic alliances), '共存并互利' (coexist and benefit mutually).

1

在高度动态且信息不对称的市场环境下,精准识别并预测竞争者的战略意图,是企业保持竞争优势的关键。

In a highly dynamic and information-asymmetric market environment, accurately identifying and predicting competitors' strategic intentions is key for companies to maintain a competitive advantage.

Using '信息不对称' (information asymmetry), '战略意图' (strategic intentions), '保持竞争优势' (maintain competitive advantage).

2

某些新兴产业的格局尚未定型,使得初入市场的企业既面临着潜在的巨大机遇,也承受着来自老牌竞争者的严峻挑战。

The landscape of certain emerging industries is not yet solidified, causing companies entering the market to face both potentially huge opportunities and severe challenges from established competitors.

Using '格局尚未定型' (landscape not yet solidified), '老牌竞争者' (established competitors), '严峻挑战' (severe challenges).

3

数字化转型不仅要求企业优化自身运营,更要审慎评估竞争者在技术应用上的步伐,以防被边缘化。

Digital transformation requires not only companies to optimize their own operations but also to cautiously assess competitors' pace in technological application to prevent marginalization.

Using '数字化转型' (digital transformation), '审慎评估' (cautiously assess), '被边缘化' (be marginalized).

4

在知识产权密集型行业,对竞争者侵权行为的警惕和有效应对,是维护自身核心竞争力的基石。

In knowledge-intensive industries, vigilance against and effective response to competitors' infringement activities are the cornerstones of maintaining one's core competitiveness.

Using '知识产权密集型行业' (knowledge-intensive industries), '侵权行为' (infringement activities), '核心竞争力' (core competitiveness).

5

宏观经济的波动性往往会放大不同竞争者之间的差异化压力,迫使企业重新审视其市场定位和资源配置。

The volatility of the macroeconomy often amplifies the differentiating pressures among different competitors, forcing companies to re-examine their market positioning and resource allocation.

Using '宏观经济的波动性' (volatility of macroeconomy), '差异化压力' (differentiating pressures), '资源配置' (resource allocation).

6

当竞争者采取非传统或颠覆性的策略时,企业需要打破思维定势,探索创新的应对之道。

When competitors adopt unconventional or disruptive strategies, companies need to break their fixed mindset and explore innovative ways to respond.

Using '非传统或颠覆性的策略' (unconventional or disruptive strategies), '思维定势' (fixed mindset).

7

在饱和市场中,竞争者之间的价格战可能导致整个行业的利润空间被严重压缩。

In saturated markets, price wars among competitors can severely compress the profit margins for the entire industry.

Using '饱和市场' (saturated market), '价格战' (price war), '利润空间被严重压缩' (profit margins severely compressed).

8

通过对竞争者供应链的透彻分析,我们可以发现潜在的协同效应或薄弱环节。

Through a thorough analysis of competitors' supply chains, we can discover potential synergistic effects or weak links.

Using '供应链' (supply chain), '透彻分析' (thorough analysis), '协同效应' (synergistic effects), '薄弱环节' (weak links).

Collocations courantes

主要竞争者
潜在竞争者
识别竞争者
面对竞争者
打败竞争者
与竞争者合作
激烈的竞争者
新的竞争者
强大的竞争者
分析竞争者

Phrases Courantes

我们的竞争者

— Refers to the competitors belonging to 'us' or our group/company.

我们需要了解我们的竞争者在做什么。(Wǒmen xūyào liǎojiě wǒmen de jìngzhēngzhě zài zuò shénme.) - We need to understand what our competitors are doing.

主要的竞争者

— The most important or significant competitors.

这家公司是这个行业的主要竞争者之一。(Zhè jiā gōngsī shì zhège hángyè de zhǔyào jìngzhēngzhě zhī yī.) - This company is one of the main competitors in this industry.

许多竞争者

— A large number of competitors.

这个市场有很多竞争者,所以很难脱颖而出。(Zhège shìchǎng yǒu hěn duō jìngzhēngzhě, suǒyǐ hěn nán tuōyǐngérchū.) - This market has many competitors, so it's hard to stand out.

没有竞争者

— Indicates a situation where there is no competition.

在这个小镇上,这家商店几乎没有竞争者。(Zài zhège xiǎo zhèn shàng, zhè jiā shāngdiàn jīhū méiyǒu jìngzhēngzhě.) - In this small town, this store has almost no competitors.

识别竞争者

— The act of identifying who the competitors are.

首先,我们需要识别出所有的潜在竞争者。(Shǒuxiān, wǒmen xūyào shíbié chū suǒyǒu de qiánzài jìngzhēngzhě.) - First, we need to identify all potential competitors.

应对竞争者

— Strategies or actions taken to deal with competitors.

公司正在制定新的计划来应对竞争者。(Gōngsī zhèngzài zhìdìng xīn de jìhuà lái yìngduì jìngzhēngzhě.) - The company is developing new plans to deal with competitors.

来自竞争者的压力

— The pressure exerted by competitors.

来自竞争者的压力越来越大。(Láizì jìngzhēngzhě de yālì yuè lái yuè dà.) - The pressure from competitors is increasing.

与竞争者相比

— A comparison made between oneself and competitors.

与竞争者相比,我们的产品更具优势。(Yǔ jìngzhēngzhě xiāng bǐ, wǒmen de chǎnpǐn gèng jù yōushì.) - Compared to competitors, our product has more advantages.

超越竞争者

— To surpass or outperform competitors.

他们的目标是超越所有竞争者,成为市场领导者。(Tāmen de mùbiāo shì chāoyuè suǒyǒu jìngzhēngzhě, chéngwéi shìchǎng lǐngdǎozhě.) - Their goal is to surpass all competitors and become the market leader.

新进入的竞争者

— Competitors who have recently entered the market.

新进入的竞争者可能会改变市场格局。(Xīn jìnrù de jìngzhēngzhě kěnéng huì gǎibiàn shìchǎng géjú.) - New entering competitors may change the market landscape.

Souvent confondu avec

竞争者 vs 对手 (duìshǒu)

竞争者 specifically implies competition for limited resources or a shared goal, whereas '对手' is a broader term for any opponent or rival, used even in friendly games.

竞争者 vs 敌人 (dírén)

'敌人' means 'enemy' and implies active hostility or animosity, often in conflict. 竞争者 are rivals striving for something, not necessarily enemies.

竞争者 vs 同业 (tóngyè)

'同业' refers to entities in the same industry. While they are often 竞争者, the term itself is neutral and simply denotes being in the same business.

Expressions idiomatiques

"群雄逐鹿"

— Literally 'heroes chasing deer', this idiom describes a situation where many powerful rivals are competing fiercely for supremacy or a prize. It's often used in business or political contexts to describe intense competition.

这个新兴行业正处于群雄逐鹿的阶段。(Zhège xīnxīng hángyè zhèng chǔyú qúnxióng zhúlù de jiēduàn.) - This emerging industry is in a stage of intense competition among many rivals.

Idiomatic/Literary
"虎视眈眈"

— Literally 'to glare like a tiger', this idiom describes a predator watching its prey, or in a figurative sense, a competitor eagerly watching and waiting for an opportunity to attack or seize something.

几家大公司正对这家小型企业虎视眈眈。(Jǐ jiā dà gōngsī zhèng duì zhè jiā xiǎoxíng qǐyè hǔshì dāndān.) - Several large companies are eagerly watching this small enterprise, ready to pounce.

Idiomatic/Figurative
"针锋相对"

— Literally 'needle point against needle point', this idiom means to counter each move of an opponent or competitor directly and aggressively. It signifies a direct and intense rivalry.

在价格战中,两家公司针锋相对,互不相让。(Zài jiàgé zhàn zhōng, liǎng jiā gōngsī zhēnfēng xiāngduì, hù bù xiāng ràng.) - In the price war, the two companies countered each other's moves directly, refusing to yield.

Idiomatic/Figurative
"暗流涌动"

— Literally 'undercurrents surging', this idiom describes hidden tensions, conflicts, or competitions that are not openly displayed but are actively happening beneath the surface. It's often used for subtle business or political rivalries.

虽然表面平静,但公司内部的竞争者之间暗流涌动。(Suīrán biǎomiàn píngjìng, dàn gōngsī nèibù de jìngzhēngzhě zhī jiān ànliú yǒngdòng.) - Although outwardly calm, there are surging undercurrents among the competitors within the company.

Idiomatic/Figurative
"分庭抗礼"

— Literally 'to divide the court and contend', this idiom refers to a situation where a subordinate or weaker party dares to challenge or compete on equal terms with a superior or stronger party. It signifies a bold challenge to established competitors.

这家初创公司希望能够分庭抗礼,挑战行业巨头。(Zhè jiā chūchuàng gōngsī xīwàng nénggòu fēntíng kànglǐ, tiǎozhàn hángyè jùtóu.) - This startup company hopes to challenge the industry giants on equal footing.

Idiomatic/Literary
"明争暗斗"

— Literally 'open struggle, hidden fight', this idiom describes a situation where competition is both overt and covert. Competitors might openly compete in some areas while engaging in subtle or hidden rivalries in others.

在商业谈判中,竞争者之间常常是明争暗斗。(Zài shāngyè tánpàn zhōng, jìngzhēngzhě zhī jiān chángcháng shì míngzhēng àndòu.) - In business negotiations, competitors often engage in both open struggles and hidden fights.

Idiomatic/Figurative
"后来居上"

— Literally 'later comes to be above', this idiom describes a situation where someone or something that started later or was initially behind manages to surpass those who were ahead. It's about a competitor overtaking others.

这家新公司凭借其创新产品,后来居上,超越了许多老牌竞争者。(Zhè jiā xīn gōngsī píngjiè qí chuàngxīn chǎnpǐn, hòulái jū shàng, chāoyuè le xǔduō lǎopái jìngzhēngzhě.) - With its innovative product, this new company surpassed many established competitors, having started later.

Idiomatic
"你追我赶"

— Literally 'you chase, I run', this idiom describes a situation where two or more competitors are closely matched and are constantly trying to outdo each other, creating a dynamic and competitive environment.

这两个品牌在市场上你追我赶,争夺消费者。(Zhè liǎng gè pǐnpái zài shìchǎng shàng nǐ zhuī wǒ gǎn, zhēngduó xiāofèizhě.) - These two brands are constantly chasing each other in the market, vying for consumers.

Idiomatic/Descriptive
"独占鳌头"

— Literally 'to monopolize the leading position', this idiom means to be the undisputed leader or winner in a competition. It's the state achieved by a successful competitor.

只有一家公司能够独占鳌头,其他竞争者都面临着巨大的挑战。(Zhǐyǒu yī jiā gōngsī nénggòu dúzhàn áotóu, qítā jìngzhēngzhě dōu miànlínzhe jùdà de tiǎozhàn.) - Only one company can achieve the top position; all other competitors face huge challenges.

Idiomatic/Figurative
"分一杯羹"

— Literally 'to get a share of the soup', this idiom means to get a share of the profits or benefits from something. It's what competitors often aim for – to take a portion of the existing market or reward.

新进入者希望能够从这个利润丰厚的市场分一杯羹。(Xīn jìnrù zhě xīwàng nénggòu cóng zhège lìrùn fēnghòu de shìchǎng fēn yī bēi gēng.) - New entrants hope to get a share of the profits from this lucrative market.

Idiomatic/Colloquial

Facile à confondre

竞争者 vs 对手 (duìshǒu)

Both terms refer to someone you are up against.

<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> (jìngzhēngzhě) specifically implies a contest for limited resources, a prize, or a specific goal. It emphasizes the striving aspect. '对手' (duìshǒu) is a more general term for an opponent, adversary, or rival, and can be used in any situation where there is opposition, including friendly games or debates where the scarcity of resources isn't the primary focus.

在国际象棋比赛中,他是我的对手。(Zài guójì xiàngqí bǐsài zhōng, tā shì wǒ de duìshǒu.) - In the chess match, he is my opponent. (Here, '对手' is more natural as it's a game, not necessarily about scarce resources.) <br> 为了赢得市场份额,我们需要超越我们的竞争者。(Wèile yíngdé shìchǎng fèn'é, wǒmen xūyào chāoyuè wǒmen de jìngzhēngzhě.) - To win market share, we need to surpass our competitors. (Here, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> is appropriate due to the context of scarce market share.)

竞争者 vs 敌人 (dírén)

Both terms imply opposition.

'敌人' (dírén) means 'enemy' and implies active hostility, antagonism, and often a desire to harm or destroy the other party. It's used in contexts of war, serious conflict, or deep personal animosity. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> (jìngzhēngzhě) are rivals who are striving for a common, limited goal or prize. While they are opposed, the relationship is typically one of contest rather than outright enmity.

士兵们在战场上与敌人作战。(Shìbīngmen zài zhànchǎng shàng yǔ dírén zuòzhàn.) - Soldiers fight against enemies on the battlefield. (This is a clear case of '敌人'.) <br> 这两家公司是市场上的主要竞争者。(Zhè liǎng jiā gōngsī shì shìchǎng shàng de zhǔyào jìngzhēngzhě.) - These two companies are the main competitors in the market. (They are rivals for customers, but not necessarily enemies.)

竞争者 vs 情敌 (qíngdí)

Both are types of rivals.

<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> (jìngzhēngzhě) is a general term for anyone competing for a resource or goal. '情敌' (qíngdí) is highly specific and refers exclusively to a romantic rival – someone competing for the affection of the same person. You would not use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> in a romantic context where '情敌' is the correct and direct term.

她发现自己多了一个情敌。(Tā fāxiàn zìjǐ duō le yī gè qíngdí.) - She discovered she had gained a romantic rival. (Here, '情敌' is essential.) <br> 申请同一份工作的每个人都是竞争者。(Shēnqǐng tóng yī fèn gōngzuò de měi gè rén dōu shì jìngzhēngzhě.) - Everyone applying for the same job is a competitor. (Here, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> is appropriate.)

竞争者 vs 同业 (tóngyè)

Entities in the same industry are often competitors.

'同业' (tóngyè) means 'peers in the same industry' or 'colleagues in the same business'. It is a neutral term that simply identifies entities operating in the same sector. While these peers are often <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>, the term '同业' itself does not carry the connotation of rivalry. You can refer to '同业' as <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> if they are competing, but not all '同业' are necessarily direct <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> in every aspect.

我们与许多同业竞争公司争夺市场。(Wǒmen yǔ xǔduō tóngyè jìngzhēng gōngsī zhēngduó shìchǎng.) - We compete for the market with many companies in the same industry. (Here, '同业' identifies the group, and '竞争' describes the action.) <br> 这个行业有许多优秀的同业。(Zhège hángyè yǒu xǔduō yōuxiù de tóngyè.) - This industry has many excellent peers. (This statement doesn't necessarily imply direct competition.)

竞争者 vs 挑战者 (tiǎozhànzhě)

Both involve facing opposition.

'挑战者' (tiǎozhànzhě) means 'challenger'. This term usually implies someone who is trying to take the place or title of a current leader or champion. It often suggests an underdog trying to overthrow the established order. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> (jìngzhēngzhě) is a broader term for anyone in a competition, regardless of their position relative to the leader. A challenger is a specific type of competitor.

这位年轻拳击手是现任冠军的有力挑战者。(Zhè wèi niánqīng quánjíshǒu shì xiànrèn guànjūn de yǒulì tiǎozhànzhě.) - This young boxer is a strong challenger to the reigning champion. (Focus on taking the champion's place.) <br> 在马拉松比赛中,所有跑步的人都是竞争者。(Zài mǎlāsōng bǐsài zhōng, suǒyǒu pǎobù de rén dōu shì jìngzhēngzhě.) - In the marathon race, all the runners are competitors. (This includes leaders, those in the middle, and those trying to catch up.)

Structures de phrases

A1

Subject + 是 + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>

他是我的竞争者。(Tā shì wǒ de jìngzhēngzhě.) - He is my competitor.

A2

Subject + 有 + Quantifier + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>

公司有很多竞争者。(Gōngsī yǒu hěn duō jìngzhēngzhě.) - The company has many competitors.

B1

Verb + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>

我们需要打败竞争者。(Wǒmen xūyào dǎbài jìngzhēngzhě.) - We need to defeat competitors.

B1

<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> + 的 + Noun

竞争者的策略很重要。(Jìngzhēngzhě de cèlüè hěn zhòngyào.) - Competitors' strategies are very important.

B2

在 + Noun Phrase + 中, + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>...

在这个市场中,有很多竞争者。(Zài zhège shìchǎng zhōng, yǒu hěn duō jìngzhēngzhě.) - In this market, there are many competitors.

C1

形容词 + 的 + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>

他是一位强劲的竞争者。(Tā shì yī wèi qiángjìng de jìngzhēngzhě.) - He is a strong competitor.

C1

识别/分析 + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>

我们需要识别出我们的主要竞争者。(Wǒmen xūyào shíbié chū wǒmen de zhǔyào jìngzhēngzhě.) - We need to identify our main competitors.

C2

来自 + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> + 的 + Noun

来自竞争者的压力很大。(Láizì jìngzhēngzhě de yālì hěn dà.) - The pressure from competitors is great.

Famille de mots

Noms

竞争 (jìngzhēng) - competition
竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) - competitor
竞争对手 (jìngzhēng duìshǒu) - competing opponent

Verbes

竞争 (jìngzhēng) - to compete
争夺 (zhēngduó) - to fight for, to contend for

Adjectifs

竞争性的 (jìngzhēngxìng de) - competitive

Apparenté

比赛 (bǐsài) - match, competition
对手 (duìshǒu) - opponent
市场 (shìchǎng) - market
行业 (hángyè) - industry
策略 (cèlüè) - strategy

Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High

Erreurs courantes
  • Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> for a general opponent in a friendly game. 对手 (duìshǒu)

    <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> implies competition for limited resources or a prize. For a general opponent in a game or debate, '对手' is more appropriate.

  • Translating 'enemy' as <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark>. 敌人 (dírén)

    '敌人' means enemy and implies active hostility. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> are rivals striving for a goal, not necessarily enemies.

  • Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> in a romantic rivalry context. 情敌 (qíngdí)

    For romantic rivals, the specific term '情敌' (romantic enemy/rival) is used. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> is too general for this specific situation.

  • Assuming <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> always refers to people. Can refer to companies, products, or entities.

    <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争者</mark> can refer to any entities competing for market share or resources, not just individuals. For example, 'These two brands are competitors.'

  • Overusing '者' (zhě) to create new terms. Use established vocabulary.

    While '者' is a common suffix for nouns indicating a person, it should only be added to established words like <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>竞争</mark>. Creating new words by arbitrarily adding '者' can lead to incorrect or awkward phrasing.

Astuces

Break Down the Word

Deconstruct 竞争者 into its components: (compete) + (strive) + (person suffix). This helps reinforce the meaning: 'person who competes and strives'.

Learn Related Terms

When you learn 竞争者, also learn related words like '竞争' (competition), '对手' (opponent), '市场' (market), and '策略' (strategy) to build a richer vocabulary around the concept.

Practice Tones

Pay attention to the tones of each character: jìng (4th tone), zhēng (1st tone), zhě (neutral tone). Correct pronunciation is crucial for clear communication, especially in distinguishing it from similar-sounding words.

Write Your Own Sentences

Actively try to write sentences using 竞争者 in different contexts – business, sports, personal life. This active recall significantly aids retention.

Observe Native Usage

Listen to how native speakers use 竞争者 in movies, news, or conversations. Note the specific situations and surrounding vocabulary to grasp its nuances.

Distinguish Similar Words

Understand the subtle differences between 竞争者, '对手', and '敌人'. Recognizing these distinctions will prevent miscommunication and enhance your accuracy.

Character Origins

Learning about the origins of '竞', '争', and '者' can provide deeper insight into the word's meaning and make it more memorable. For instance, '者' as a person suffix is very common.

Engage in Exercises

Utilize fill-in-the-blanks, multiple-choice, and sentence-ordering exercises. Repetitive practice with varied formats solidifies your understanding and usage of 竞争者.

Cultural Significance

Understand that competition is a significant aspect of Chinese culture, driving progress. Knowing this context helps appreciate why 竞争者 is such a frequently used and important term.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine two people, 'Jing' and 'Zheng', who are always competing. When they have a contest, they are the 'Jing-Zheng-Zhe' – the competitors!

Association visuelle

Picture two athletes, one named Jing and the other Zheng, locked in a fierce race. They are the primary competitors (竞争者) in this event.

Word Web

Competition Rival Opponent Business Sports Market Strive Win

Défi

Try to describe a situation where you are a 竞争者 in a game or a competition, using the word at least three times in your description.

Origine du mot

The word 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) is derived from the verb '竞争' (jìngzhēng), which means 'to compete' or 'to contend'. The suffix '者' (zhě) is a common Chinese character used to denote a person or agent performing an action or holding a particular role.

Sens originel : The characters '竞' (jìng) and '争' (zhēng) both relate to striving and competing. '竞' often implies a race or contest, while '争' suggests striving or contending for something. Together, they form the concept of active competition.

Sino-Tibetan

Contexte culturel

The term itself is neutral, but the context in which it's used can carry implications. In highly competitive environments, it can evoke stress or pressure. In sports, it's seen as a healthy challenge. It's important to be aware of the specific context to gauge the emotional weight of the word.

In English-speaking cultures, 'competitor' is also a very common term used across similar domains like business, sports, and academics. The concept itself is universally understood.

The intense rivalries in Chinese martial arts films often feature protagonists facing formidable 竞争者 for mastery. In business, the rise of tech giants like Tencent and Alibaba showcases fierce competition and the constant emergence of new 竞争者 in the digital space. The Chinese zodiac, while not directly related to 竞争者, reflects a cyclical understanding of time and destiny, which can influence how people perceive their place in competitive landscapes.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Business Strategy and Market Analysis

  • 主要竞争者
  • 识别竞争者
  • 分析竞争者
  • 竞争者的策略

Sports and Games

  • 强大的竞争者
  • 激烈的竞争者
  • 成为竞争者
  • 打败竞争者

Academic Admissions and Scholarships

  • 申请的竞争者
  • 众多竞争者
  • 面对竞争者

General Daily Life Scenarios

  • 他是我的竞争者
  • 我们是竞争者
  • 谁是竞争者

Economic Discussions

  • 市场上的竞争者
  • 潜在竞争者
  • 新进入的竞争者

Amorces de conversation

"Who do you think are the biggest competitors in today's technology market?"

"When you play a game, do you focus more on winning or on the competition itself?"

"Can you name a time you felt like you were competing against someone for something important?"

"What makes a good competitor in your opinion?"

"How do companies typically react when a new competitor enters their market?"

Sujets d'écriture

Describe a situation from your past where you were a competitor. What was the goal, and how did you feel?

Think about a product or service you use. Who are its main competitors, and what makes them different?

If you were starting a business, what steps would you take to understand your competitors?

How does competition influence your personal goals or ambitions?

Reflect on a time you observed fierce competition. What were the dynamics between the competitors?

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

While both relate to opposition, 竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) specifically implies a contest for limited resources, a prize, or a goal, emphasizing the striving aspect. '对手' (duìshǒu) is a more general term for any opponent or rival, applicable even in friendly games where scarce resources are not the main focus. For example, in a chess game, the other player is your '对手'. In a race for a scholarship, all applicants are 竞争者.

Yes, 竞争者 can refer to companies, products, or even ideas that are competing. For instance, '这两款手机是市场上的主要竞争者' (Zhè liǎng kuǎn shǒujī shì shìchǎng shàng de zhǔyào jìngzhēngzhě) means 'These two phone models are the main competitors in the market.' The context determines whether it refers to people or entities.

Not necessarily. While competition can be intense, 竞争者 itself is a neutral term describing a role. In many contexts, such as sports or innovation, competition is seen as healthy and driving progress. It only becomes negative if the context implies malicious intent or unfair practices, which would likely be described with stronger terms like '敌人' (enemy).

竞争者 (jìngzhēngzhě) and '竞争对手' (jìngzhēng duìshǒu) are often interchangeable and carry very similar meanings. '竞争对手' literally means 'competing opponent', explicitly highlighting the adversarial aspect. 竞争者 is perhaps slightly more common in general conversation, while '竞争对手' might be favored in formal business or strategic discussions. Both are perfectly acceptable in most contexts.

The character '者' (zhě) at the end of a word often acts as a suffix, similar to '-er' or '-or' in English, to denote a person or agent who performs the action described by the preceding characters. In 竞争者, '者' signifies the person who 'competes' (竞) and 'strives' (争).

Yes, absolutely. 竞争者 can refer to individuals, teams, companies, or any entities engaged in competition. For example, '这两支球队是本届世界杯的有力竞争者' (Zhè liǎng zhī qiúduì shì běn jiè shìjièbēi de yǒulì jìngzhēngzhě) means 'These two teams are strong competitors in this World Cup.'

In academic settings, students competing for limited spots in a prestigious university or for top grades are considered 竞争者. For instance, '申请这所名校的竞争者非常多' (Shēnqǐng zhè suǒ míngxiào de jìngzhēngzhě fēicháng duō) means 'There are very many competitors applying for this prestigious school.'

The character '竞' (jìng) implies a contest or race, often with speed or skill involved. '争' (zhēng) means to strive, contend, or fight for something. Together, 竞争 (jìngzhēng) describes the act of actively competing or contending. Adding '者' (zhě) turns this action into the noun for the person or entity performing it – the competitor.

Yes, idioms like '群雄逐鹿' (qúnxióng zhúlù - heroes chasing deer) describe a situation with many powerful 竞争者 vying for supremacy. Another is '明争暗斗' (míngzhēng àndòu - open struggle, hidden fight), describing overt and covert competition among rivals.

The best way is through practice exercises like fill-in-the-blanks and sentence construction. Try to create sentences about real-life situations you're familiar with, like your workplace, hobbies, or even fictional scenarios, using 竞争者 in various grammatical structures and contexts.

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