When you're talking about successfully moving from one side to another, especially through a barrier or a designated area, the verb 통과하다 is what you'll use. Think of it like a train passing through a tunnel or someone getting through customs at an airport.
It's very common when discussing checkpoints, borders, or any kind of gate or entrance. You'll often hear it in contexts like 'passing a test' or 'getting through a difficult period,' where it implies overcoming an obstacle to reach the next stage.
§ What 통과하다 Means
The Korean verb 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) is quite useful for expressing the idea of passing through or moving across something. Think of it like passing a test, passing through a gate, or even a law passing in parliament. It's a versatile word, and understanding its core meaning will help you use it in many different situations.
- Definition
- To pass through or move across something, like a border or checkpoint.
At its most basic, 통과하다 means 'to pass.' But it's more specific than a general 'pass.' It implies movement from one side to another, often with some kind of barrier or boundary involved. For example, when you go through immigration at an airport, you are 통과하다-ing (passing through) the immigration checkpoint.
§ When to Use 통과하다
You'll hear and use 통과하다 in a variety of contexts. Here are some common scenarios:
- Passing through a physical space: This is perhaps the most literal use. Think of tunnels, doors, checkpoints, or even a crowd of people.
- Passing a test or exam: This is a very common usage. If you study hard and do well on your Korean test, you 통과하다 the test.
- Passing a law or regulation: In a more formal context, when a new rule or law is approved, it has 통과하다-ed.
- Passing a certain stage or hurdle: Imagine a competition where participants need to pass through different rounds. Each round they clear, they 통과하다 that stage.
Let's look at some examples to make this clearer.
시험에 통과했어요. (I passed the exam.)
This is a classic example. You've gone through the process of taking the exam and successfully moved past it.
터널을 통과하는 중이에요. (I'm passing through the tunnel.)
Here, you are physically moving from one end of the tunnel to the other.
이 법안은 국회를 통과했습니다. (This bill passed the National Assembly.)
In this formal context, the bill successfully moved through the legislative body and was approved.
Think of 통과하다 as a verb that describes a successful traversal or clearance of an obstacle, a stage, or a physical space. It's about moving from one side to the other, or from one status to another. Getting a feel for these different situations will make your use of 통과하다 much more natural.
How Formal Is It?
"국경을 안전하게 통과하셨습니다. (You have safely passed through the border.)"
"시험에 통과했어요. (I passed the exam.)"
"검문소를 통과했어. (I passed the checkpoint.)"
"문을 지나갔어요. (I went through the door.)"
"막힌 길을 뚫고 지나갔어. (I busted through the blocked road.)"
रोचक तथ्य
The character '통' (通) is also used in words like '통화' (通話, phone call, lit. 'passing speech') and '통역' (通譯, interpretation, lit. 'passing translation'), showing its core meaning of communication or passage.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Pronouncing the 'ㅗ' as a long 'o' sound instead of a short one.
- Not aspirating the 'ㅌ' sound enough, making it sound more like 'ㄷ'.
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
우리는 공항에서 심사대를 통과했어요.
We passed through the security checkpoint at the airport.
기차가 터널을 통과하는 중이에요.
The train is passing through the tunnel.
그 선수는 시험을 통과해서 다음 단계로 진출했어요.
The player passed the test and advanced to the next stage.
공이 그물을 통과했어요.
The ball passed through the net.
강아지가 작은 구멍을 통과할 수 있어요.
The puppy can pass through the small hole.
우리는 강을 통과해서 반대편으로 갔어요.
We passed through the river to the other side.
이 길은 산을 통과합니다.
This road passes through the mountain.
빛이 창문을 통과해서 방으로 들어왔어요.
Light passed through the window and entered the room.
국경을 통과하는 데 시간이 좀 걸렸어요.
It took some time to pass through the border.
기차는 터널을 통과했습니다.
The train passed through the tunnel.
그 선수는 예선을 통과했어요.
That athlete passed the preliminary round.
저는 시험을 통과하기 위해 열심히 공부했어요.
I studied hard to pass the exam.
공항 보안 검색대를 통과해야 합니다.
You need to pass through the airport security check.
이 길은 차가 통과하기 어렵습니다.
This road is difficult for cars to pass through.
그 법안은 국회를 통과했습니다.
That bill passed the National Assembly.
강물이 마을을 통과하여 흘러요.
The river flows through the village.
국경을 통과하는 데 시간이 좀 걸렸어요.
It took some time to pass through the border.
그 터널을 통과하면 바로 바다가 보여요.
If you pass through that tunnel, you'll see the sea right away.
시험을 무사히 통과해서 정말 다행이에요.
I'm so relieved that I passed the exam safely.
물은 여과기를 통과하며 깨끗해집니다.
Water becomes clean as it passes through the filter.
검문소를 통과하기 전에 신분증을 준비해 주세요.
Please prepare your ID before passing through the checkpoint.
이 법안이 국회를 통과할 수 있을지 의문입니다.
It's doubtful whether this bill can pass the National Assembly.
소음이 벽을 통과하여 들려왔어요.
Noise passed through the wall and was heard.
수업을 통과하려면 모든 과제를 제출해야 해요.
To pass the class, you have to submit all assignments.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
저는 시험에 통과했어요.
I passed the exam.
기차는 터널을 통과하고 있습니다.
The train is passing through the tunnel.
우리는 국경을 통과해야 합니다.
We need to cross the border.
공은 그물망을 통과했어요.
The ball went through the net.
그는 어려운 과정을 통과했어요.
He went through a difficult process.
이 문을 통과하면 됩니다.
You just need to pass through this door.
서류는 심사를 통과했어요.
The documents passed the review.
그는 간신히 테스트를 통과했어요.
He barely passed the test.
빛은 유리를 통과합니다.
Light passes through glass.
나는 검문소를 통과해야 했다.
I had to pass through the checkpoint.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
Similar in general movement, but '지나가다' is less about an official 'pass through' and more about 'passing by'.
Can imply going over a barrier, but '통과하다' is about passing through a point or area.
Only used for passing exams or selections, not physical movement.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
"시험에 통과하다"
To pass an exam
열심히 공부해서 시험에 통과했어요. (I studied hard and passed the exam.)
neutral"법안이 통과되다"
A bill passes (in an assembly)
새로운 법안이 국회를 통과했어요. (A new bill passed the National Assembly.)
formal"검문을 통과하다"
To pass through a checkpoint/inspection
경찰 검문을 무사히 통과했습니다. (I safely passed through the police checkpoint.)
neutral"강을 통과하다"
To cross a river
배를 타고 강을 통과했어요. (I crossed the river by boat.)
neutral"시간을 통과하다"
To pass time (usually in a specific process or period)
어려운 시기를 잘 통과했습니다. (I passed through a difficult period well.)
neutral"관문을 통과하다"
To pass through a gateway/hurdle
여러 관문을 통과해야 목표에 도달할 수 있어요. (You have to pass through several hurdles to reach your goal.)
neutral"몸을 통과하다"
To pass through one's body (e.g., food)
음식이 소화기관을 통과한다. (Food passes through the digestive system.)
formal"어떤 과정을 통과하다"
To go through a certain process
이 제품은 엄격한 품질 검사 과정을 통과했어요. (This product passed a strict quality inspection process.)
neutral"통과 의례"
A rite of passage
성인이 되는 것은 중요한 통과 의례입니다. (Becoming an adult is an important rite of passage.)
formal"그냥 통과하다"
To just pass by/through (without stopping)
기차가 역을 그냥 통과했어요. (The train just passed through the station.)
neutralआसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
'지나가다' can mean to pass by, which might sound similar to '통과하다' at first, but '통과하다' implies a more active or official act of passing through a barrier or checkpoint.
'지나가다' is more about simple movement past a point without necessarily overcoming an obstacle. '통과하다' often involves a point of entry/exit or a hurdle.
길을 지나가다 (to pass by on the street), 국경을 통과하다 (to pass through the border)
Both '넘어가다' and '통과하다' can involve overcoming something, but '넘어가다' often suggests going over or past a physical barrier, sometimes with an implication of difficulty or skipping something.
'넘어가다' is more about going 'over' or 'beyond' something, often a physical obstacle. '통과하다' is more about moving 'through' a specific point or area.
담을 넘어가다 (to climb over a fence), 시험을 통과하다 (to pass an exam)
While '합격하다' also means 'to pass,' it specifically refers to passing an exam, interview, or selection process, not physically passing through a space.
'합격하다' is exclusively for passing tests or selections. '통과하다' can be used for physical movement or metaphorically for stages, but not for formal tests.
시험에 합격하다 (to pass an exam), 터널을 통과하다 (to pass through a tunnel)
'건너다' means to cross, which can be similar to passing through a space. However, '건너다' typically refers to crossing a flat surface like a road, river, or bridge.
'건너다' implies crossing from one side to another on a surface. '통과하다' implies moving through a specific point, area, or barrier.
길을 건너다 (to cross the road), 국경 검문소를 통과하다 (to pass through a border checkpoint)
'돌파하다' also means to break through or get past, often implying overcoming strong resistance or a difficult situation.
'돌파하다' has a stronger connotation of force or overcoming significant obstacles, like breaking a record or a siege. '통과하다' is a more neutral term for simply passing through.
적진을 돌파하다 (to break through enemy lines), 문을 통과하다 (to pass through a door)
शब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
When something '통과하다,' it means it's successfully gone through a barrier or a specific area. Think of a car at a toll booth, a student passing an exam, or a law being passed in parliament. It implies movement from one side to another, often with some kind of clearance or approval.
While it can sometimes be used for passing a test, it's more commonly used for physical movement through a space or the successful progression of an item (like a bill) through a system. For passing an exam, '합격하다' (to pass a test) is often a more specific and common verb.
A common mistake is using '통과하다' when you mean 'to pass by' something without going through it. For example, if a car drives past a store, you wouldn't use '통과하다.' You'd use verbs like '지나가다' (to pass by) or '스쳐 지나가다' (to brush past).
Another mistake is using it for 'passing' an item to someone. For that, you'd use '건네주다' (to hand over) or '전달하다' (to deliver/transmit).
सुझाव
Basic Meaning of 통과하다
통과하다 (tong-gwa-hada) means to pass through or go across something. Think of it like passing a checkpoint or going through a tunnel.
Using with locations
You'll often use 통과하다 with places or boundaries. For example, 국경을 통과하다 (guk-gyeong-eul tong-gwa-hada) means to pass the border.
Grammar with 을/를
When you 통과하다 something, use the object particle 을/를 with the noun you are passing through. For example, 터널을 통과하다 (teo-neol-eul tong-gwa-hada) means to pass through the tunnel.
Talking about time passing
While less common for beginners, 통과하다 can also refer to time passing, especially in more formal contexts like 'time flew by'.
Don't confuse with 지나다
통과하다 is similar to 지나다 (ji-na-da), which also means to pass. However, 통과하다 implies a more official or defined point of passage, like a checkpoint.
Example: Airport Security
When you go through airport security, you would say 보안 검사를 통과하다 (bo-an geom-sa-reul tong-gwa-hada) meaning to pass security screening.
Example: Crossing a bridge
To say you passed over a bridge, you could use 다리를 통과하다 (da-ri-reul tong-gwa-hada).
Passive form is common
Sometimes you'll hear 통과되다 (tong-gwa-doe-da), which is the passive form, meaning to be passed through. For example, 'The bill was passed' (법안이 통과되었다).
Practice with destinations
Try making sentences about places you pass through on your commute or travels, like a train station or a gate.
Listen for it in news
You'll often hear 통과하다 in news reports, especially when discussing laws being passed or borders being crossed. Pay attention to context!
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of 'tongue' (통) going 'guwa' (과) through a narrow space. Like your tongue trying to pass through a tiny hole.
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a clear 'tunnel' (터널) with a train 'tong-gwa-ha-da'-ing straight through it, coming out the other side. Or picture a 'passport' (여권) being stamped as you 'tong-gwa-ha-da' immigration.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Describe a time you had to '통과하다' something (e.g., a security check, a difficult period, a door). For instance, '저는 공항 보안 검색대를 통과해야 했어요.' (I had to pass through the airport security check.)
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
Sino-Korean word from '통' (通) meaning 'to 통하다 (pass through)' and '과' (過) meaning 'to 지나가다 (pass, exceed)'
मूल अर्थ: To pass through or cross over.
Sino-Koreanसांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
<p>In Korean culture, the concept of 'passing through' or '통과하다' can be seen in various contexts beyond just physical movement. For instance, when someone 'passes' a test or an exam, they '시험에 통과하다.' It also applies to passing a certain stage in life or a difficult period, like '어려움을 통과하다' (to pass through difficulties). This verb emphasizes successfully moving from one state or place to another.</p>
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
When talking about passing a test or an exam.
- 시험에 통과하다 (to pass a test)
- 면접에 통과하다 (to pass an interview)
- 합격하다 (to pass/be accepted)
When discussing passing through a physical barrier or location.
- 국경을 통과하다 (to pass the border)
- 터널을 통과하다 (to pass through a tunnel)
- 검문소를 통과하다 (to pass a checkpoint)
When talking about legislation or a proposal being approved.
- 법안이 통과되다 (for a bill to pass)
- 제안이 통과되다 (for a proposal to be approved)
- 승인되다 (to be approved)
When describing a process successfully going through a certain stage.
- 단계를 통과하다 (to pass a stage)
- 심사를 통과하다 (to pass an examination/screening)
- 절차를 통과하다 (to pass a procedure)
When referring to a ball or object passing through something.
- 공이 골대를 통과하다 (the ball passes through the goal)
- 바늘이 실을 통과하다 (the needle passes through the thread)
- 꿰뚫다 (to pierce/pass through)
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"한국어 시험에 통과하면 뭘 할 거예요? (What will you do if you pass the Korean test?)"
"어제 국경을 통과하는 데 얼마나 걸렸어요? (How long did it take to pass the border yesterday?)"
"그 법안이 국회를 통과할 거라고 생각해요? (Do you think that bill will pass the National Assembly?)"
"이 프로젝트가 다음 심사를 통과할 수 있을까요? (Can this project pass the next screening?)"
"어떤 종류의 관문을 통과해 본 적이 있어요? (Have you ever passed through any kind of gateway?)"
डायरी विषय
인생에서 통과하고 싶은 가장 큰 관문은 무엇인가요? (What is the biggest hurdle you want to pass in life?)
통과하기 가장 어려웠던 시험이나 면접에 대해 써보세요. (Write about the most difficult test or interview you had to pass.)
어떤 과정이나 절차를 통과하면서 배운 점이 있다면 써보세요. (Write about anything you learned while passing through a certain process or procedure.)
만약 당신이 통과하고 싶은 나라가 있다면, 그 이유는 무엇인가요? (If there's a country you want to pass through, why is that?)
가장 최근에 무언가를 성공적으로 통과한 경험은 무엇이며, 어떻게 느꼈나요? (What was your most recent experience of successfully passing something, and how did you feel?)
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवाल통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) generally means to pass through a specific point, like a checkpoint, an exam, or a process. It often implies a more formal or designated passage. For example, "시험을 통과했어요." (I passed the exam.)
지나가다 (ji-na-ga-da) is more general and means to pass by, pass through, or go past. It can be used for things like walking past a building or time passing. For example, "길을 지나갔어요." (I passed by the street.)
While there can be overlap, think of 통과하다 as successfully traversing a specific barrier or requirement, and 지나가다 as simply moving past something.
No, you typically wouldn't use 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) for passing a ball in sports. For that, you'd usually use verbs like 패스하다 (pae-seu-ha-da), which is a direct borrowing from 'pass', or 넘기다 (neom-gi-da), meaning to hand over or pass something to someone. 통과하다 is more about moving through a physical or metaphorical barrier.
Not at all! While you can certainly use 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) for physical things like passing through a door or a tunnel, it's very commonly used for non-physical concepts too. For example, you can say "법안이 국회를 통과했어요." (The bill passed the National Assembly.) or "시험을 통과했어요." (I passed the exam.) It implies successfully getting through a process or a requirement.
To make 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) past tense, you change 하다 (ha-da) to 했다 (haet-da). So, it becomes 통과했다 (tong-gwa-haet-da) in its plain form.
In polite speech, it would be 통과했어요 (tong-gwa-haet-seo-yo).
Example: "국경을 통과했어요." (I passed the border.)
Not inherently. 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) is generally neutral and simply means 'to pass through' or 'to pass'. The connotation, if any, would depend on the context. For instance, passing an exam is positive, while a dangerous virus passing through a population might be seen negatively, but that's due to the virus itself, not the word 통과하다.
No, you cannot use 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) to say 'pass the salt'. For that, you would use verbs like 건네주다 (geon-ne-ju-da) or 주다 (ju-da). 통과하다 is about moving through a barrier or a process, not about handing something to someone.
The noun form of 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) is simply 통과 (tong-gwa).
You can use it in phrases like 통과 절차 (tong-gwa jeol-cha), meaning 'passing procedure' or 'clearance procedure'.
Example: "입국 심사 통과" (Immigration clearance / Passing immigration inspection).
In a business context, 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) is very useful for indicating the successful completion of a process or approval.
Examples:
"제안서가 승인을 통과했어요." (The proposal passed the approval process.)
"새로운 정책이 이사회를 통과했어요." (The new policy passed the board of directors.)
"품질 검사를 통과했어요." (It passed the quality inspection.)
Yes, 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) is often used with specific particles, primarily ~을/를 (eul/reul), which marks the object that is being passed through.
Examples:
"검문소를 통과하다" (to pass through a checkpoint)
"시험을 통과하다" (to pass an exam)
"다리를 통과하다" (to pass through a bridge/under a bridge)
While a train is indeed 'passing' you, 통과하다 (tong-gwa-ha-da) isn't the most natural choice here if you mean simply moving past your location. For a train passing by, you'd more commonly use 지나가다 (ji-na-ga-da), as in "기차가 지나갔어요." (The train passed by.)
You *could* use 통과하다 if the train was passing *through* something, like a tunnel: "기차가 터널을 통과했어요." (The train passed through the tunnel.) The key is whether it's moving *through* a designated space or simply *by* a point.
खुद को परखो 90 सवाल
You are at an airport. You need to say that you passed through security. Complete the sentence: 저는 보안 검색대를 _____.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저는 보안 검색대를 통과했어요.
Imagine you are trying to get to a friend's house. There's a big gate. You want to say 'I passed through the gate.' Write the Korean sentence.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저는 문을 통과했어요.
You are on a train and it's going through a tunnel. How would you say 'The train passed through the tunnel' in Korean?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
기차가 터널을 통과했어요.
What did the person do before getting on the plane?
Read this passage:
저는 어제 공항에 갔어요. 비행기를 타기 전에 보안 검색대를 통과했어요. 보안 검색대는 사람이 많았어요. 하지만 저는 괜찮았어요.
What did the person do before getting on the plane?
The passage says '비행기를 타기 전에 보안 검색대를 통과했어요' which means 'Before taking the plane, I passed through security.'
The passage says '비행기를 타기 전에 보안 검색대를 통과했어요' which means 'Before taking the plane, I passed through security.'
What does one need to do to go to school?
Read this passage:
학교에 가려면 큰 길을 통과해야 해요. 그 길에는 차가 많이 있어요. 조심해서 길을 건너야 해요.
What does one need to do to go to school?
The passage states '학교에 가려면 큰 길을 통과해야 해요', meaning 'To go to school, you have to pass through a big road.'
The passage states '학교에 가려면 큰 길을 통과해야 해요', meaning 'To go to school, you have to pass through a big road.'
Where did the person go after passing through the small bridge?
Read this passage:
저는 지난 주말에 산책을 했어요. 작은 다리를 통과해서 공원에 갔어요. 공원은 아주 조용하고 좋았어요.
Where did the person go after passing through the small bridge?
The passage says '작은 다리를 통과해서 공원에 갔어요', which translates to 'After passing through the small bridge, I went to the park.'
The passage says '작은 다리를 통과해서 공원에 갔어요', which translates to 'After passing through the small bridge, I went to the park.'
This sentence means 'I passed through the door.' The order 'Subject-Object-Verb' is common in Korean.
This sentence means 'The bus passed through the tunnel.' The subject '버스가' comes first, followed by the object '터널을', and then the verb '통과했어요'.
This sentence means 'I passed over the bridge.' The structure is 'Subject-Object-Verb'.
저는 공항에서 세관을 ___ 했습니다. (I ___ customs at the airport.)
Customs is something you 'pass through'. '입장' means entry, '도착' means arrival, '출발' means departure.
시험에 ___ 해서 정말 다행이에요. (It's a relief that I ___ the exam.)
While '통과' can mean to pass an exam in some contexts, '합격' is the more common and direct verb for passing an exam. '낙방' means to fail, '응시' means to take an exam.
이 다리는 차들이 안전하게 ___ 할 수 있도록 만들어졌어요. (This bridge was built so cars can safely ___.)
Cars 'pass through' or 'cross' a bridge. '정차' means stopping, '회전' means turning, '주차' means parking.
국경을 ___ 하려면 여권이 필요해요. (You need a passport to ___ the border.)
'통과하다' is the correct verb for passing through a border. '넘어가다' can mean to cross over, but '통과하다' is more formal for a border. '도착하다' means to arrive, '출발하다' means to depart.
열차가 터널을 ___ 했습니다. (The train ___ the tunnel.)
A train 'passes through' a tunnel. '진입' means entry, '탈선' means derailment, '정지' means stopping.
그들은 보안 검색대를 ___ 하고 비행기에 탑승했습니다. (They ___ the security checkpoint and boarded the plane.)
You 'pass through' a security checkpoint. '대기' means waiting, '회피' means avoiding, '도착' means arriving.
Imagine you are at an airport. Write a simple sentence about passing through security. (Use 통과하다)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저는 보안 검색대를 통과했어요. (I passed through the security checkpoint.)
You are going on a trip. Write a short sentence about passing through a tunnel. (Use 통과하다)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
우리는 긴 터널을 통과했어요. (We passed through a long tunnel.)
Describe a situation where someone needs to pass an exam. (Use 통과하다)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
학생들은 시험을 통과해야 해요. (Students have to pass the exam.)
What did the person pass through at the airport?
Read this passage:
여름 휴가 때, 저는 일본으로 여행을 갔습니다. 공항에서 입국 심사를 통과하는 것이 조금 어려웠지만, 다행히 잘 통과했습니다. (During my summer vacation, I traveled to Japan. Passing through immigration at the airport was a bit difficult, but fortunately, I passed well.)
What did the person pass through at the airport?
The passage states '입국 심사를 통과하는 것' which means 'passing through immigration'.
The passage states '입국 심사를 통과하는 것' which means 'passing through immigration'.
What should one pass when crossing the road?
Read this passage:
이 길은 차들이 많이 다닙니다. 조심하세요. 그리고 길을 건널 때, 신호등을 통과해야 합니다. (Many cars drive on this road. Be careful. And when crossing the road, you have to pass the traffic light.)
What should one pass when crossing the road?
The passage says '신호등을 통과해야 합니다', meaning 'you have to pass the traffic light'.
The passage says '신호등을 통과해야 합니다', meaning 'you have to pass the traffic light'.
What did the friend finally pass?
Read this passage:
제 친구는 운전면허 시험에 세 번 떨어졌습니다. 하지만 포기하지 않고 연습해서 드디어 시험을 통과했습니다. 정말 대단해요! (My friend failed the driver's license test three times. But he didn't give up and practiced, and finally passed the test. That's amazing!)
What did the friend finally pass?
The passage explicitly states '운전면허 시험을 통과했습니다', which means 'passed the driver's license test'.
The passage explicitly states '운전면허 시험을 통과했습니다', which means 'passed the driver's license test'.
This sentence means 'The bus passed through the bridge.' The subject '버스가' (bus) comes first, followed by the object '다리를' (bridge), and then the verb '통과했어요' (passed through).
This sentence means 'I passed through the airport security check.' The subject '저는' (I) comes first, followed by the object '공항 검색대를' (airport security check), and then the verb '통과했어요' (passed through).
This sentence means 'The train passes through the tunnel.' The subject '기차가' (train) comes first, followed by the object '터널을' (tunnel), and then the verb '통과합니다' (passes through).
This sentence means 'I safely passed the border.' The order is 'object-adverb-verb'.
This sentence means 'The train is passing through the tunnel.' The structure is 'subject-object-verb'.
This sentence means 'I was happy because I passed the exam.' The '에' particle indicates 'in' or 'at' for the exam.
저는 이 문서를 ___ 전에 확인해야 합니다. (I need to check this document before I ___ it.)
통과할 is the future tense modifier for verbs, suitable for 'before I pass it'.
시험에 ___ 기뻤지만, 다음 단계가 더 걱정됩니다. (I was happy to ___ the exam, but I'm more worried about the next stage.)
통과해서 indicates a reason or cause for the following action, meaning 'because I passed'.
그들은 어두운 터널을 ___ 조심스럽게 운전했습니다. (They drove carefully ___ the dark tunnel.)
통과하면서 indicates simultaneous actions, meaning 'while passing through'.
이 법안이 국회를 ___ 나라에 큰 변화가 있을 것입니다. (If this bill ___ the National Assembly, there will be big changes in the country.)
통과한다면 indicates a condition, meaning 'if it passes'.
그는 몇 번의 시도 끝에 면접을 ___ 수 있었습니다. (He was able to ___ the interview after several attempts.)
통과할 수 있었습니다 is a common construction meaning 'was able to pass'.
이번 검사를 ___ 못하면 다음 단계로 넘어갈 수 없습니다. (If you cannot ___ this inspection, you cannot move on to the next step.)
통과하지 못하면 means 'if you cannot pass'.
다음 문장에서 '통과하다'의 가장 적절한 의미는 무엇입니까? 비행기가 구름 속을 빠르게 통과했습니다.
'통과하다'는 어떤 공간이나 물체를 거쳐 지나가는 것을 의미합니다. 여기서는 비행기가 구름을 '지나갔다'는 의미로 사용됩니다.
다음 문장에서 '통과하다'가 자연스럽게 사용된 것은?
'통과하다'는 시험이나 검사를 '합격하다'는 의미로도 자주 사용됩니다. 나머지 선택지들은 문맥상 어색합니다.
다음 중 '통과하다'와 가장 거리가 먼 상황은 무엇입니까?
'통과하다'는 특정 지점이나 공간을 '지나가거나' 어떤 기준을 '넘어서는' 의미가 강합니다. '건물을 들어가다'는 단순히 진입하는 행위로, '통과하다'의 뉘앙스와는 다소 거리가 있습니다.
법안이 국회를 통과하면 즉시 효력이 발생한다.
법안이 국회를 통과했다는 것은 법안이 승인되어 발효될 준비가 되었음을 의미하며, 이는 '통과하다'의 올바른 사용 예시입니다.
차가 신호등을 통과해서 멈췄다.
신호등을 '통과해서' 멈췄다는 표현은 어색합니다. 신호등을 '지나쳤다'는 의미라면 '통과했다'가 될 수 있지만, '멈췄다'는 뒤에 오는 내용과 모순됩니다.
그는 어려운 시기를 통과하며 더욱 강해졌다.
'통과하다'는 물리적인 공간 외에도 '어려운 시기'나 '경험' 등을 겪어내는 의미로도 사용될 수 있습니다. 이 문장은 올바른 용례입니다.
What do you need to pass a border?
What sound was heard going through the tunnel?
How does the speaker feel about passing the test?
Read this aloud:
저희는 검문소를 통과하는 데 시간이 좀 걸렸어요.
Focus: 통과하는
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
이 길을 통과하면 바로 목적지가 나옵니다.
Focus: 목적지가 나옵니다
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
그는 어려운 시기를 통과하며 더욱 강해졌어요.
Focus: 강해졌어요
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence means 'The proposal passed the meeting.' 제안이 (the proposal) is the subject, 회의에 (in the meeting) indicates the location, and 통과되었다 (was passed) is the verb.
This sentence means 'He passed the exam.' 그는 (he) is the subject, 시험에 (the exam) indicates what was passed, and 통과했다 (passed) is the verb.
This sentence means 'The document passed the review.' 서류가 (the document) is the subject, 심사를 (the review) is the object, and 통과했다 (passed) is the verb.
그들은 국경을 ___ 데 성공했지만, 많은 어려움을 겪었다. (They succeeded in ___ the border, but faced many difficulties.)
'통과하기'는 동사 '통과하다'의 명사형으로, '~하는 것'의 의미를 가지며 문맥상 가장 적절합니다.
수많은 장애물에도 불구하고, 우리 팀은 결승선을 ___ 목표를 달성했다. (Despite numerous obstacles, our team ___ the finish line and achieved its goal.)
문맥상 앞선 행동과 이어진 결과를 나타내므로, '-고'를 사용한 '통과했고'가 가장 적절합니다.
복잡한 절차를 모두 ___ 후에야 비로소 안도의 한숨을 쉬었다. (Only after ___ all the complex procedures did I finally sigh with relief.)
앞선 행동이 완료된 후에 다른 행동이 이어진다는 의미이므로, '-고'를 사용한 '통과하고'가 자연스럽습니다.
시험에 ___ 위해 밤새도록 공부했지만, 결국 낙방하고 말았다. (I studied all night to ___ the exam, but ultimately failed.)
'통과하려고'는 '통과할 의도를 가지고'라는 의미로, 시험에 통과하기 위한 노력을 나타내는 문맥에 적합합니다.
모든 검사를 무사히 ___ 나니 홀가분한 마음이 들었다. (After safely ___ all inspections, I felt relieved.)
행동의 완료 후 감정을 나타내므로, '-고'를 사용한 '통과하고'가 가장 적절합니다.
그들은 좁은 통로를 ___ 데 많은 시간을 보냈지만, 결국 목적지에 도달했다. (They spent a lot of time ___ the narrow passage, but eventually reached their destination.)
'통과하는 데'는 '~하는 것에'라는 의미로, '좁은 통로를 통과하는 행위'에 시간을 보냈음을 나타냅니다.
This sentence means 'The bill passed through the national assembly.' '그 법안은' (The bill) is the subject, '국회를' (the national assembly) is the object, and '통과했습니다' (passed through) is the verb.
This sentence means 'I studied hard to pass the exam.' '시험에 통과하기 위해' (to pass the exam) is the purpose, and '열심히 공부했어요' (studied hard) is the action.
This sentence means 'They safely passed through the border.' '그들은' (They) is the subject, '국경을' (the border) is the object, '무사히' (safely) is an adverb, and '통과했습니다' (passed through) is the verb.
그는 어려운 시험을 ___ 결국 합격했다. (He ___ the difficult exam and finally passed.)
'-하여' is often used to connect actions in a sequence, where the first action leads to the second. Here, '통과하여' means 'by passing' or 'having passed'.
여러 관문을 ___ 최종 목표에 도달했습니다. (After ___ many gates, we reached the final goal.)
'-고 나니' is used to express a result or realization that occurs after completing an action. It implies a sense of 'after having done X, then Y'.
복잡한 절차를 ___ 그는 비로소 안도의 한숨을 쉬었다. (After ___ the complex procedures, he finally breathed a sigh of relief.)
'-고 나자' is similar to '-고 나니' but often implies a more immediate or direct consequence or realization after completing an action.
아무리 노력해도 그 심사 기준을 ___ 쉽지 않았다. (No matter how hard I tried, it was not easy to ___ the review criteria.)
'-하기가' is used to express the difficulty or ease of doing something. Here, '통과하기가' means 'to pass (it is difficult)'.
그 법안은 국회를 ___ 많은 논란을 불러일으켰다. (The bill ___ the National Assembly, causing much controversy.)
'-음으로써' indicates the means or method by which an action is achieved. Here, '통과함으로써' means 'by passing'.
이번 프로젝트를 성공적으로 ___ 우리는 더 큰 기회를 얻게 될 것이다. (By successfully ___ this project, we will gain a bigger opportunity.)
'-하게 되면' is used to express a conditional outcome, meaning 'if/when one comes to do X'. Here, it implies 'if we successfully complete/pass'.
The proposal passed the board, but final approval will take time.
Passing through the rugged mountain path was much harder than expected.
With the new bill passing the National Assembly, significant societal changes are anticipated.
Read this aloud:
이 문제의 해결책을 통과시키는 데 어떤 어려움이 있었나요?
Focus: 통과시키는 데
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
복잡한 절차를 통과해야만 다음 단계로 진행할 수 있습니다.
Focus: 절차를 통과해야만
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
그는 모든 역경을 통과하여 마침내 목표를 달성했습니다.
Focus: 모든 역경을 통과하여
तुमने कहा:
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Imagine you are a diplomat negotiating a new trade agreement. Write a short paragraph explaining how a certain good will 'pass through' customs without significant delays due to the new agreement. Use '통과하다' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
새로운 무역 협정 덕분에, 이 상품은 세관을 문제없이 통과할 것입니다. 불필요한 서류 작업이 줄어들어 통관 절차가 훨씬 더 신속하게 진행될 것입니다. 이는 양국 간의 교역량 증가에 크게 기여할 것입니다.
You are a travel writer describing a journey across a challenging mountain pass. Describe the feeling of successfully 'passing through' the difficult terrain. Use '통과하다' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
마침내 험준한 산맥을 통과했을 때, 이루 말할 수 없는 성취감이 밀려왔습니다. 몇 시간 동안 이어진 고된 여정이었지만, 아름다운 풍경을 보며 모든 피로가 사라지는 듯했습니다. 이 경험은 제 인생의 중요한 전환점이 될 것입니다.
You are a political analyst discussing a new bill in the National Assembly. Explain how difficult it will be for the bill to 'pass through' various stages of deliberation and voting. Use '통과하다' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이 법안이 국회를 통과하기까지는 여러 난관이 예상됩니다. 여야 간의 의견 차이가 커서 심의 과정에서 많은 논쟁이 있을 것이며, 최종 표결에서도 진통을 겪을 가능성이 높습니다. 사회적 합의 도출이 필수적입니다.
위 글에서 '통과하다'는 어떤 의미로 사용되었습니까?
Read this passage:
정부의 새로운 정책은 환경 보호와 경제 성장을 동시에 추구하는 것을 목표로 하고 있습니다. 하지만 이 정책이 국회를 순조롭게 통과하기 위해서는 여러 이해관계자들의 복잡한 조율이 필요합니다. 특히, 산업계의 반발이 예상되어 세부 조항에 대한 추가적인 논의가 불가피할 것으로 보입니다. 만약 정책이 통과된다면, 한국 사회에 상당한 변화를 가져올 것입니다.
위 글에서 '통과하다'는 어떤 의미로 사용되었습니까?
'통과하다'는 문맥상 '정책'이 '국회'를 거쳐 '승인'되는 것을 의미합니다.
'통과하다'는 문맥상 '정책'이 '국회'를 거쳐 '승인'되는 것을 의미합니다.
이 글에서 바이러스가 면역 체계를 '통과하는 방식'은 무엇을 의미합니까?
Read this passage:
최근 한 연구에 따르면, 특정 바이러스가 인체 내에서 면역 체계를 통과하는 방식이 이전과는 다르다고 합니다. 이 바이러스는 숙주 세포에 침투하기 전에 복잡한 단백질 변이를 겪으며, 이로 인해 기존 백신의 효과를 부분적으로 회피할 수 있는 것으로 밝혀졌습니다. 이러한 발견은 새로운 치료법 개발에 중요한 단서가 될 수 있습니다.
이 글에서 바이러스가 면역 체계를 '통과하는 방식'은 무엇을 의미합니까?
바이러스가 면역 체계를 통과한다는 것은 면역 체계의 방어를 뚫고 몸속으로 침투한다는 의미입니다.
바이러스가 면역 체계를 통과한다는 것은 면역 체계의 방어를 뚫고 몸속으로 침투한다는 의미입니다.
프로젝트가 '최종 승인을 통과했다'는 것은 어떤 상황을 의미합 니까?
Read this passage:
오랜 시간 공들여 준비한 프로젝트가 드디어 최종 승인을 통과했습니다. 팀원들의 헌신적인 노력과 끊임없는 수정 작업이 있었기에 가능한 결과였습니다. 이제 남은 것은 프로젝트를 성공적으로 실행하는 것입니다. 모두가 이 순간을 위해 최선을 다했습니다.
프로젝트가 '최종 승인을 통과했다'는 것은 어떤 상황을 의미합 니까?
'최종 승인을 통과했다'는 것은 프로젝트가 모든 심사 과정을 성공적으로 마치고 최종적으로 허가를 받았다는 의미입니다.
'최종 승인을 통과했다'는 것은 프로젝트가 모든 심사 과정을 성공적으로 마치고 최종적으로 허가를 받았다는 의미입니다.
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Basic Meaning of 통과하다
통과하다 (tong-gwa-hada) means to pass through or go across something. Think of it like passing a checkpoint or going through a tunnel.
Using with locations
You'll often use 통과하다 with places or boundaries. For example, 국경을 통과하다 (guk-gyeong-eul tong-gwa-hada) means to pass the border.
Grammar with 을/를
When you 통과하다 something, use the object particle 을/를 with the noun you are passing through. For example, 터널을 통과하다 (teo-neol-eul tong-gwa-hada) means to pass through the tunnel.
Talking about time passing
While less common for beginners, 통과하다 can also refer to time passing, especially in more formal contexts like 'time flew by'.
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
travel के और शब्द
숙소
B1A place where someone stays for a short time, such as a hotel, guest house, or hostel. A key word for travel-related listening and writing.
어댑터
A2A device for connecting parts of different sizes or types.
입장료
A1A fee charged for entry to a place or event; an admission fee.
~후에
A2Indicates an action occurring after another action.
~ㄴ/은 후에
A2Expresses an action occurring after another action or event; after doing.
은/는 후에
A2Indicates an action occurring after another, meaning 'after doing'.
비행기
A1Airplane; a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.
공항
A1Airport
공항버스
A2Airport bus
통로
A2A narrow way or passage between rows of seats or shelves; an aisle.
