A2 verb #5,500 le plus courant 2 min de lecture

통과하다

To move through or past something, like going through a door or passing a test.

Practice it

Explanation at your level:

You use 통과하다 when you go through something. If you walk through a gate, you are 통과하다. It is like saying 'pass' in English. Use it when you finish a test or go through a door.

At this level, you use 통과하다 for physical places like borders or checkpoints. You can also say you passed an exam. It is a very useful word for travel and school life.

This word is essential for discussing processes. Whether it is a bill in the National Assembly or a candidate passing a job interview, 통과하다 is the standard term. It implies meeting a specific requirement or standard.

In professional settings, 통과하다 denotes the successful completion of a hurdle. It is often used in passive structures when discussing regulations or official approvals. It carries a nuance of overcoming an obstacle.

Advanced learners use this to discuss complex social and legal mechanisms. It can describe the ratification of treaties or the successful navigation of bureaucratic systems. It implies that the subject has met the necessary criteria to proceed to the next stage.

At the mastery level, consider the nuance of 통과하다 versus synonyms like 지나가다. While 지나가다 is simple movement, 통과하다 implies an active barrier or a set of conditions that have been satisfied. It is deeply embedded in the discourse of institutional and systemic progress.

Mot en 30 secondes

  • Means to pass through or succeed.
  • Used for physical gates and abstract tests.
  • Commonly used in professional contexts.
  • Essential for daily and formal Korean.

The word 통과하다 is a versatile Korean verb that acts as the bridge between two states. Imagine walking through a doorway; you are 통과하는 that door. It is all about movement from one side to another.

Beyond physical movement, this word is used heavily in official and academic settings. If a law is approved, it has 통과된. If you pass a driving test, you have 통과했다. It carries a sense of success and completion.

The word is rooted in Sino-Korean characters (Hanja). 통 (通) means 'to go through' or 'connect,' and 과 (過) means 'to pass' or 'exceed.' Together, they create a powerful compound that denotes moving through a barrier.

Historically, these characters have been used in East Asian administrative language for centuries. They evolved from describing physical passage through mountain passes to the abstract passage of laws and regulations in modern government systems.

You will hear this word in airports (immigration), schools (exams), and parliament (laws). It is a neutral-to-formal word. You wouldn't use it to describe walking through a park, but you would use it for passing through a security checkpoint.

Common pairings include 시험을 통과하다 (pass an exam) and 국경을 통과하다 (cross a border). It is a standard term that fits well in professional and educational contexts.

While 통과하다 is a direct verb, it appears in many set phrases. 1. 서류 통과 (passing the document screening phase). 2. 면접 통과 (passing the interview stage). 3. 법안 통과 (the passing of a bill). 4. 관문을 통과하다 (to pass a major hurdle/checkpoint). 5. 예선을 통과하다 (to pass the preliminary round).

As a regular verb, it conjugates easily. Use 통과했다 for past tense and 통과할 것이다 for future. It often takes the object particle -을/를.

Pronunciation is straightforward: tong-gwa-ha-da. Watch the double consonant sound in gwa, ensuring it is crisp and clear. It rhymes with words like 무시하다 (to ignore) in terms of its four-syllable rhythmic structure.

Fun Fact

The character 通 is used in 'communication' (통신) as well.

Pronunciation Guide

UK tong.gwa.ha.da

Clear t-o-n-g g-w-a h-a d-a

US tong.gwa.ha.da

Standard Korean phonetics

Common Errors

  • Mispronouncing 'gwa'
  • Dropping the 'h'
  • Incorrect syllable stress

Rhymes With

무시하다 통과하다 반복하다 성공하다 이동하다

Difficulty Rating

Lecture 2/5

Easy

Writing 2/5

Easy

Speaking 2/5

Easy

Écoute 2/5

Easy

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

문 시험 법 검사

Learn Next

합격하다 통과시키다 통과되다

Avancé

관통하다 통과 절차

Grammar to Know

Passive Verbs

통과되다

Causative Verbs

통과시키다

Object Particle

시험을

Examples by Level

1

문을 통과해요.

Door-object-marker pass-through.

Verb ending

2

시험을 통과했어요.

Exam-object-marker passed.

Past tense

3

여기를 통과하세요.

Here-object-marker pass-through (polite).

Imperative

4

다리를 통과해요.

Bridge-object-marker pass-through.

Location marker

5

터널을 통과해요.

Tunnel-object-marker pass-through.

Direct object

6

검사를 통과해요.

Inspection-object-marker pass-through.

Nouns

7

국경을 통과해요.

Border-object-marker pass-through.

Formal

8

관문을 통과해요.

Gate-object-marker pass-through.

Literal

1

면접을 통과했어요.

2

법안이 통과되었어요.

3

검문소를 통과해요.

4

어려움을 통과해요.

5

예선을 통과했어요.

6

심사를 통과했어요.

7

보안을 통과해요.

8

기준을 통과해요.

1

최종 단계를 통과하다.

2

서류 심사를 무사히 통과하다.

3

새로운 법안이 국회를 통과하다.

4

까다로운 검사를 통과하다.

5

모든 조건을 통과하다.

6

비자를 받고 국경을 통과하다.

7

결승전에 가기 위해 예선을 통과하다.

8

안전 기준을 통과한 제품.

1

의회에서 법안이 만장일치로 통과하다.

2

엄격한 품질 검사를 통과하다.

3

그는 수많은 시련을 통과해왔다.

4

최종 라운드를 통과한 후보자들.

5

수출 규제를 통과한 물품.

6

제안서가 위원회를 통과하다.

7

보안 검색대를 신속하게 통과하다.

8

입학 시험을 통과하기 위해 노력하다.

1

정부의 승인을 통과한 프로젝트.

2

기술적 한계를 통과하는 혁신.

3

복잡한 관료적 절차를 통과하다.

4

국제 협약이 의회를 통과하다.

5

예산안이 통과되어 사업이 시작되다.

6

자격 심사를 통과하는 것은 쉽지 않다.

7

환경 기준을 통과한 친환경 에너지.

8

역사의 시험을 통과한 고전.

1

민주적 절차를 통과한 결정.

2

난관을 통과하는 지혜가 필요하다.

3

최종 승인 단계를 통과하여 사업이 가속화되다.

4

시대의 변화를 통과하며 살아남은 전통.

5

법적 검토를 통과한 계약서.

6

인류의 지적 수준을 통과한 이론.

7

엄격한 윤리 위원회를 통과한 연구.

8

시련을 통과한 영웅의 서사.

Collocations courantes

시험을 통과하다
법안이 통과하다
검사를 통과하다
국경을 통과하다
면접을 통과하다
심사를 통과하다
보안을 통과하다
예선을 통과하다
기준을 통과하다
관문을 통과하다

Idioms & Expressions

"관문을 통과하다"

To pass a difficult hurdle.

그는 마지막 관문을 통과했다.

neutral

"서류 통과"

Passing the document screening.

서류 통과가 되었다.

business

"면접 통과"

Passing the interview.

면접 통과 소식을 들었다.

business

"법안 통과"

The passing of a bill.

법안 통과가 시급하다.

formal

"예선 통과"

Passing the preliminary round.

예선 통과를 축하한다.

neutral

"심사 통과"

Passing a review/inspection.

심사 통과가 어렵다.

formal

Easily Confused

통과하다 vs 지나가다

Both involve movement.

지나가다 is simple passing by.

길을 지나가다 vs 문을 통과하다.

통과하다 vs 합격하다

Both mean success.

합격하다 is for tests.

시험에 합격하다.

통과하다 vs 통과되다

Passive form.

통과되다 is for laws.

법안이 통과되다.

통과하다 vs 통과시키다

Causative form.

To make something pass.

법안을 통과시키다.

Sentence Patterns

A1

Subject + Object + 통과하다

내가 시험을 통과했다.

B2

Subject + Object + 통과시키다

정부가 법안을 통과시켰다.

B2

Subject + Object + 통과되다

법안이 통과되었다.

A2

Subject + 을/를 + 통과하여 + Verb

문을 통과하여 들어갔다.

B1

Noun + 을/를 + 통과한 + Noun

시험을 통과한 학생.

Famille de mots

Nouns

통과 Passage/Passing

Verbs

통과시키다 To cause to pass

Apparenté

지나가다 Synonym for movement

How to Use It

frequency

8

Formality Scale

Formal (Laws) Neutral (Tests) Casual (Physical movement)

Erreurs courantes

Using 통과하다 for 'passing by' a person → 지나가다
통과하다 implies a barrier or requirement.
Confusing with 합격하다 → Use 합격하다 for exams
통과하다 is broader; 합격하다 is specific to tests.
Using it for 'passing time' → 시간을 보내다
통과하다 is not for time.
Using it for 'passing an object' → 건네주다
통과하다 is for movement through.
Passive voice error → 통과되다
Use passive for laws.

Tips

💡

Memory Palace

Visualize a gate.

💡

Native Context

Use for tests.

🌍

Cultural Insight

Laws passing.

💡

Grammar Shortcut

Needs object.

💡

Say It Right

Clear gwa.

💡

Don't Mistake

Not for time.

💡

Did You Know?

Sino-Korean roots.

💡

Study Smart

Flashcards.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'Tong' (tube) you go through.

Visual Association

A train passing through a tunnel.

Word Web

시험 검사 통로 합격

Défi

Use it in a sentence about your next exam.

Origine du mot

Sino-Korean

Original meaning: Pass through/exceed

Contexte culturel

None.

Directly maps to 'pass' in most contexts.

Used in many political news reports.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

At school

  • 시험을 통과하다
  • 성적을 통과하다
  • 과제를 통과하다

At the airport

  • 보안을 통과하다
  • 심사를 통과하다
  • 국경을 통과하다

In government

  • 법안이 통과하다
  • 예산안이 통과하다
  • 정책이 통과하다

In sports

  • 예선을 통과하다
  • 본선을 통과하다
  • 결승을 통과하다

Conversation Starters

"어떤 시험을 통과해 봤어요?"

"공항에서 보안 검색대를 통과할 때 기분이 어때요?"

"우리나라의 법안 통과 과정은 어때요?"

"가장 어려웠던 관문 통과 경험은 무엇인가요?"

"예선을 통과했을 때 기뻤나요?"

Journal Prompts

Describe a time you passed an important test.

Write about a rule you think should be passed (통과되다).

Explain how you feel when passing through a border.

Reflect on a personal hurdle you have successfully passed.

Questions fréquentes

8 questions

They overlap, but 합격하다 is strictly for exams.

Only if walking through a specific gate or tunnel.

It is neutral.

Use 통과되다.

통과.

Yes, if they pass through a scanner.

Yes, very common.

Yes, 통과하지 못하다.

Teste-toi

fill blank A1

시험을 ___.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : 통과해요

To pass a test is 통과하다.

multiple choice A2

Which means to pass a border?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : 국경을 통과하다

Correct collocation.

true false B1

통과하다 can be used for passing time.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : Faux

Use 시간을 보내다.

match pairs B1

Word

Signification

All matched!

Both use the same verb.

sentence order B2

Touche les mots ci-dessous pour construire la phrase
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Subject-Object-Verb order.

Score : /5

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