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مُبَرِّر

B2 noun 9分で読める

مُبَرِّر

mubarrir

練習する例文メモとヒント مُبَرِّر 30秒で

解説 مُبَرِّر in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'mubarrir' frequently, as it is quite advanced. However, you might encounter it in simple sentences where someone is asking 'Why?' (لماذا؟ - limatha). Think of it as a fancy way of saying 'a reason.' If your teacher asks for a 'mubarrir' for your homework being late, they are asking for a 'reason.' At this stage, just focus on recognizing the word when you see it in a list of nouns. It starts with 'mu-', which often indicates a person or a thing that does an action. In this case, it's the 'thing that justifies.' You can associate it with the English word 'barrier' in sound, but remember it means the opposite—it’s a bridge of logic to explain an action. Practice saying 'Laysa hunaka mubarrir' (There is no reason/justification) as a set phrase to sound more advanced than other beginners. This level is all about building the foundation of the sound and basic recognition in written text.

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At the A2 level, you should begin to understand that 'mubarrir' is different from 'sabab' (reason). While 'sabab' is for simple things like 'the reason for the rain,' 'mubarrir' is used when someone is explaining their behavior. You might see this word in short news clips or simple stories where a character has to explain themselves to a parent or a boss. You can start using it in basic sentences like 'I have a justification' (لي مبرر - li mubarrir). You will also notice the plural form 'mubarrirat' (justifications). At this level, focus on the 'li-' preposition that usually follows it. For example, 'mubarrir li-al-ta'khir' (justification for the delay). Understanding this word helps you transition from basic 'survival Arabic' to 'conversational Arabic' where you can explain your motives more clearly. It is a key word for expressing the concept of 'because' in a more formal noun form.

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By B1, you are expected to use 'mubarrir' in your speaking and writing. You should be able to provide a rationale for your opinions or actions using this word. For example, 'I think there is no justification for this decision' (أعتقد أنه لا يوجد مبرر لهذا القرار). You will encounter this word in intermediate reading materials, such as blog posts, local news, and workplace emails. You should also be familiar with common adjectives that go with it, like 'mantiqi' (logical) or 'kafi' (sufficient). This is the stage where you start to see the word's connection to the verb 'barrara' (to justify). Understanding the word family (barrara, mubarrir, tabreer) will greatly expand your vocabulary efficiency. You should be comfortable using the word in both positive and negative contexts, and understand that it carries a slightly defensive or explanatory tone. It is no longer just a 'reason'; it is a 'rationale.'

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At the B2 level, which is where 'mubarrir' is officially categorized, you should have a nuanced understanding of its usage. You can distinguish it from synonyms like 'hujja' (argument) or 'udhr' (excuse). You should be able to use it in complex debates about social issues, politics, or law. You will notice it frequently in formal media, where commentators discuss the 'mubarrirat' of government policies. You should be able to use it with abstract concepts, such as 'mubarrir akhlaqi' (moral justification) or 'mubarrir iqtisadi' (economic justification). At this level, you should also be aware of the stylistic choice of using 'mubarrir' to sound more authoritative and logical. You can use it to construct sophisticated arguments, such as 'Regardless of the justifications provided, the result remains the same.' Your ability to use this word correctly reflects a high degree of linguistic competence and an understanding of formal Arabic discourse structures.

At the C1 level, your use of 'mubarrir' should be seamless and contextually perfect. You will encounter this word in classical literature, high-level legal documents, and philosophical treatises. You should understand the subtle difference between 'mubarrir' and 'tasweer' (validation/sanctioning). You can use the word in the 'Idafa' construction (possessive) with great ease, such as 'mubarriratu-hum al-wahiya' (their flimsy justifications). You are also expected to recognize the word in various rhetorical devices, where it might be used ironically or sarcastically in political satire. At this level, you can analyze the 'mubarrirat' of a writer’s choice of words or a poet’s choice of meter. You should be able to write an essay discussing whether certain historical actions had a 'mubarrir tarikhi' (historical justification). Your vocabulary is now rich enough to use 'mubarrir' as a tool for deep critical analysis and professional-grade communication.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'mubarrir' and its place in the vast landscape of Arabic semantics. You understand its etymological roots in the concept of 'Birr' (righteousness/piety) and how that informs its modern meaning of 'justification'—essentially making an action 'righteous' or 'correct' in the eyes of logic or law. You can navigate the most complex legal texts where 'mubarrir' might be a technical term for 'legal grounds.' You are sensitive to the word's use in different Arabic dialects and how it might be replaced by other terms in informal speech, yet remains the standard in all formal and intellectual contexts. You can use it in high-level creative writing to evoke specific tones of defensiveness, rationality, or cold logic. At this stage, 'mubarrir' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a conceptual tool that you use to navigate the intricacies of Arabic thought, ethics, and social structure with total fluency.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

مُبَرِّر 30秒で

Mubarrir means justification or rationale.
It is more formal than 'sabab' (reason).
Commonly used in law, politics, and defense.
The plural form is 'mubarrirat' (justifications).

The Arabic word مُبَرِّر (mubarrir) is a sophisticated noun that translates primarily as 'justification,' 'rationale,' or 'excuse.' Rooted in the triliteral root ب-ر-ر (B-R-R), which carries connotations of righteousness, kindness, and truth, the word mubarrir specifically refers to the logical or moral ground upon which an action stands. While a simple 'reason' (سَبَب - sabab) explains why something happened, a mubarrir explains why something was right or allowable to happen. It is the defensive shield of logic used in debates, legal proceedings, and personal disagreements to validate a choice or behavior that might otherwise be questioned or criticized.

Formal Context: In legal and political discourse, it refers to the legal basis or the 'causa' for a decision. A judge might ask for a mubarrir qanuni (legal justification).

لا يوجد أي مُبَرِّر لهذا العنف المتزايد في المجتمع.
(There is no justification for this increasing violence in society.)

In daily life, you will hear this word when someone is being defensive. If a student arrives late, the teacher might say, 'What is your justification?' (ما هو مبررك؟). It implies that the speaker is looking for more than just a cause; they are looking for a reason that makes the lateness acceptable. It is a word that demands accountability. Unlike 'udhr' (عُذْر), which is a simple excuse to seek forgiveness, mubarrir attempts to align the action with a standard of logic or necessity. It is the 'why' that makes the 'what' okay.

Psychological Context: In psychology, it is used to describe the act of 'rationalization'—when a person creates a mubarrir to soothe their conscience after doing something they know was wrong.

يحاول دائماً إيجاد مُبَرِّر لأخطائه المتكررة.
(He always tries to find a justification for his repeated mistakes.)

The word is versatile across various registers of Arabic. While it is highly formal (Fusha), it is understood and used in educated spoken dialects (Ammiya) across the Levant, Egypt, and the Gulf. It is particularly common in news broadcasts, where commentators analyze the mubarrirat (plural) of a government's new policy or a military action. Understanding this word allows you to navigate the nuances of blame and defense in the Arabic-speaking world.

Ethical Debate: In philosophy, mubarrir is the bridge between an action and its moral permissibility. It is the 'rationale' that satisfies the 'why' of ethics.

هل هناك مُبَرِّر أخلاقي للكذب في هذه الحالة؟
(Is there a moral justification for lying in this case?)

Using the word مُبَرِّر (mubarrir) correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that often takes a possessive suffix or is followed by a prepositional phrase. The most common preposition used with it is li (لـ), meaning 'for.' For example, 'mubarrir li-al-ghiyab' (justification for the absence). It functions as the active participle of the Form II verb 'barrara' (to justify), and its sentence structure usually mirrors that of 'reason' or 'excuse' in English.

Negative Constructions: The most frequent use of this word is in the negative: 'Laysa hunaka mubarrir' (There is no justification). This is a powerful way to dismiss someone's excuses.

ليس لديه أي مُبَرِّر مقنع للتأخر عن الاجتماع.
(He does not have any convincing justification for being late to the meeting.)

When describing a 'mubarrir,' you can use various adjectives to modify its strength or validity. Common adjectives include muqni' (convincing), kafi (sufficient), mantiqi (logical), or waqi'i (realistic). If you want to say the justification is weak, you can use da'if (weak) or wahi (flimsy). These combinations allow for precise communication about the quality of someone's reasoning.

Inquiry and Questioning: When asking for a rationale, use 'Ma' (What) or 'Hal' (Is there). 'Ma huawa al-mubarrir?' asks for the specific reason, while 'Hal hunaka mubarrir?' asks if one even exists.

ما هو الْمُبَرِّر وراء هذا القرار المفاجئ؟
(What is the justification behind this sudden decision?)

In professional writing, such as emails or reports, 'mubarrir' is used to provide the 'Executive Summary' of why a project was undertaken. You might write a section titled 'Mubarrirat al-Mashru'' (Project Justifications). This usage showcases the word's ability to handle complex organizational logic. It moves beyond the personal and into the structural, explaining the 'why' of corporate or governmental actions.

Complex Sentences: You can link 'mubarrir' to clauses using 'li-an' (because) or 'bi-sabab' (due to). For example: 'He gave a justification for his failure by saying he was sick.'

قدمت الشركة مُبَرِّرَات اقتصادية لرفع أسعار منتجاتها.
(The company provided economic justifications for raising the prices of its products.)

You will encounter the word مُبَرِّر (mubarrir) in a variety of real-world settings, primarily those involving accountability, news, and formal debate. It is not a word you would use while buying vegetables at a market, but it is certainly one you would hear if you were watching a talk show on Al Jazeera or reading an editorial in Asharq Al-Awsat. It is a staple of the 'Modern Standard Arabic' (MSA) used in media and professional environments.

News and Politics: Reporters often use this word when questioning officials. Phrases like 'The lack of justification' (غياب المبرر) or 'Searching for justifications' (البحث عن مبررات) are common headlines.

انتقد المحللون غياب مُبَرِّر منطقي للسياسة الخارجية الجديدة.
(Analysts criticized the absence of a logical justification for the new foreign policy.)

In the legal system, mubarrir is crucial. A lawyer might argue that their client had a 'mubarrir shar'i' (legitimate/legal justification) for their actions, such as self-defense. In this context, the word carries the weight of the law. It is the difference between a crime and a lawful act. If you are ever involved in a formal dispute in an Arabic-speaking country, knowing how to present your mubarrirat is essential for your defense.

Academic and Intellectual Circles: In universities, professors use this word when discussing theories. They might ask, 'What is the justification for using this specific methodology?'

يجب على الباحث تقديم مُبَرِّر علمي لكل فرضية يضعها.
(The researcher must provide a scientific justification for every hypothesis they propose.)

Finally, you will hear it in workplace performance reviews. An employer might ask an employee to provide mubarrirat for why a certain target was not met. In this sense, it is synonymous with 'rationale' or 'explanatory factors.' It is a word that bridges the gap between a result and the circumstances that led to it, making it indispensable for professional communication in Arabic.

Cinema and Literature: In drama, a character might scream, 'I don't need to give you any justification!' (لا أحتاج لتقديم أي مبرر لك!). It adds a layer of defiance and intellectual tension to the scene.

البطل في الرواية كان يبحث عن مُبَرِّر لوجوده في تلك المدينة الغريبة.
(The hero in the novel was looking for a justification for his presence in that strange city.)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing مُبَرِّر (mubarrir) with the word سَبَب (sabab). While both can be translated as 'reason,' they are not interchangeable. A sabab is a cause—it is why something happened in a physical or chronological sense (e.g., 'The rain was the reason/cause for the flood'). A mubarrir is a justification—it is why something was allowed or valid in a moral or logical sense. Using sabab when you mean mubarrir makes your Arabic sound simplistic and less precise.

Confusion with 'Tabreer': Learners often confuse the noun 'mubarrir' (the justification itself) with the verbal noun 'tabreer' (the act of justifying). Use 'tabreer' for the process and 'mubarrir' for the reason.

خطأ: التبرير لهذا الفعل ضعيف. (The act of justifying is weak.)
صح: الـ مُبَرِّر لهذا الفعل ضعيف. (The justification itself is weak.)

Another mistake involves the preposition. Many learners try to use 'li-ajl' (for the sake of) or 'bi-sabab' (because of) directly after mubarrir. The most natural and grammatically correct way is to use the preposition لـِ (li-) or the word وراء (wara' - behind). For example, saying 'mubarrir bi-sabab' is redundant. Stick to 'mubarrir li-hatha' (justification for this).

Pluralization Errors: Some learners try to pluralize it as 'mubarrirun' (like people). Remember, it is a non-human noun, so the plural is always the feminine sound plural 'mubarrirat' (مبررات).

لا تقبل الإدارة أي مُبَرِّرَات غير منطقية.
(The management does not accept any illogical justifications.)

Lastly, learners sometimes use mubarrir when they actually mean hujja (pretext/argument). While related, a hujja is often an argument used to prove a point in a debate, whereas a mubarrir is specifically used to justify an action. Using mubarrir in a purely logical or mathematical proof context would be incorrect; there, you should use 'burhan' (proof) or 'hujja'.

Pronunciation Note: Ensure you emphasize the 'shadda' (doubling) on the letter 'ra' (رّ). Saying 'mubarir' without the shadda changes the feel of the word and can make it harder for natives to recognize.

To truly master the use of مُبَرِّر (mubarrir), it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and near-synonyms. Arabic is a language of extreme precision, and choosing the right word for 'reason' or 'excuse' depends heavily on the context and the speaker's intent. Below is a comparison of mubarrir with other common terms.

Mubarrir vs. Sabab (سَبَب): A sabab is a simple cause-and-effect reason. A mubarrir is a 'justifying reason.' Use sabab for neutral facts and mubarrir for moral or legal defenses.
Mubarrir vs. 'Udhr (عُذْر): An 'udhr is an 'excuse' often used to ask for forgiveness or to explain a failure. A mubarrir is more formal and aims to prove the action was logically correct, not just asking for mercy.
Mubarrir vs. Hujja (حُجَّة): A hujja is an 'argument' or 'proof' used in a debate. While a mubarrir can be part of a hujja, the latter is broader and can be used for any logical proof, not just justifications for actions.
Mubarrir vs. Dafi' (دَافِع): A dafi' is a 'motive' or 'incentive.' It is what pushes you to do something from the inside. A mubarrir is the explanation you give to others (or yourself) after the fact to justify it.

كان الدَّافِعُ هو الطمع، لكنه حاول إيجاد مُبَرِّرٍ أخلاقي.
(The motive was greed, but he tried to find a moral justification.)

In some contexts, you might also see the word tasweer (تَسْوِيغ), which means 'validation' or 'making something permissible.' This is very close to mubarrir but is slightly more formal and often used in religious or legal contexts to describe the process of making something 'sayegh' (permissible/palatable). Understanding these nuances allows you to express yourself with the same level of sophistication as a native speaker.

لا يمكن تَبْرِيرُ الخطأ بـ مُبَرِّرَاتٍ واهية.
(One cannot justify a mistake with flimsy justifications.)

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"يتوجب على الدولة تقديم مبررات واضحة لسياساتها."

ニュートラル

"هل هناك مبرر لتغيير موعد الاجتماع؟"

カジュアル

"ليش سويت كذا؟ عندك مبرر؟"

Child friendly

"لماذا كسرت اللعبة؟ هل هناك سبب؟"

スラング

"بلا مبررات فاضية!"

豆知識

The root B-R-R is the same one used for 'Birr al-Walidayn' (kindness/piety towards parents), showing that 'justification' in Arabic is linguistically tied to the idea of doing what is right and good.

発音ガイド

UK /mu.bar.rir/

US /mu.bɑːr.rɪr/

The primary stress is on the second syllable 'bar' due to the doubling of the 'r'.

韻が合う語

قرير (qareer) سرير (sareer) وزير (wazeer) قدير (qadeer) تحرير (tahreer) تقرير (taqreer) تغيير (taghyeer) كبير (kabeer)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'mubarir' without doubling the 'r'.
Swapping the 'u' and 'a' sounds (e.g., 'maburir').
Softening the 'r' instead of rolling it slightly.
Confusing the 'i' sound with 'a' at the end (e.g., 'mubarrar').
Missing the 'm' at the beginning.

難易度

読解 4/5

Easy to recognize due to the 'mu-' prefix and 'rir' ending.

ライティング 6/5

Requires correct placement of the shadda and understanding the 'li-' preposition.

スピーキング 5/5

Pronunciation is key, especially the doubled 'r'.

リスニング 4/5

Common in media, so high exposure for learners.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

سَبَب (reason) لِأَنَّ (because) عُذْر (excuse) فِعْل (act) قَرَار (decision)

次に学ぶ

تَبْرِير (justification - process) بَرَّرَ (to justify) مَنْطِق (logic) سِيَاق (context) مَوْضُوعِيَّة (objectivity)

上級

تَسْوِيغ (validation) مُسَوِّغَات (requirements/grounds) ذَرِيعَة (pretext) بُرْهَان (proof) اسْتِدْلَال (inference)

知っておくべき文法

Active Participle (Ism al-Fa'il) of Form II

بَرَّرَ (Barrara) -> مُبَرِّر (Mubarrir)

Noun-Adjective Agreement

مُبَرِّرٌ قَوِيٌّ (A strong justification)

The preposition 'li' for purpose/reason

مُبَرِّرٌ لِلْغِيَابِ (Justification for the absence)

Sound Feminine Plural

مُبَرِّر -> مُبَرِّرَات

Categorical Negation with 'La'

لا مُبَرِّرَ لِلْخَوْفِ (No justification for fear)

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レベル別の例文

ما هو المبرر؟

What is the justification?

Simple question structure.

ليس عندي مبرر.

I don't have a justification.

Negative 'laysa' with 'indi' (I have).

هذا مبرر جيد.

This is a good justification.

Noun-adjective agreement (masculine).

أريد مبرراً واحداً.

I want one justification.

Accusative case (mubarriran) as object.

المبرر بسيط جداً.

The justification is very simple.

Subject-predicate sentence.

هل المبرر كافٍ؟

Is the justification sufficient?

Question with 'hal'.

لا مبرر للخوف.

There is no justification for fear.

Categorical negation with 'la'.

سمعت المبرر اليوم.

I heard the justification today.

Past tense verb with 'al-mubarrir' as object.

قدم الطالب مبرراً لغيابه.

The student provided a justification for his absence.

Verb 'qaddama' (to provide/present).

هل لديك مبرر لهذا الفعل؟

Do you have a justification for this act?

Possessive 'ladayka'.

البحث عن مبرر ليس سهلاً.

Searching for a justification is not easy.

Gerund (masdar) as subject.

المبررات كانت كثيرة.

The justifications were many.

Plural form 'mubarrirat'.

لا أجد مبرراً للبكاء.

I don't find a justification for crying.

Present tense negation.

أعطني مبرراً منطقياً.

Give me a logical justification.

Imperative verb 'a'tini'.

المبرر وراء القرار غامض.

The justification behind the decision is vague.

Use of 'wara'' (behind).

كل مبرر له سياقه.

Every justification has its context.

Use of 'kull' (every).

تحدث المدير عن مبررات تغيير السياسة.

The manager spoke about the justifications for changing the policy.

Preposition 'an' (about).

لا يوجد مبرر مقنع لهذا التأخير.

There is no convincing justification for this delay.

Adjective 'muqni'' (convincing).

يجب أن نجد مبرراً قانونياً.

We must find a legal justification.

Modal 'yajib an' (must).

المبرر الذي قدمته غير كافٍ.

The justification you provided is insufficient.

Relative clause with 'allathi'.

هل هناك مبرر أخلاقي لهذه الحرب؟

Is there a moral justification for this war?

Adjective 'akhlaqi' (moral).

لم يذكر أي مبرر في تقريره.

He did not mention any justification in his report.

Jussive negation with 'lam'.

نحن بحاجة إلى مبررات قوية.

We are in need of strong justifications.

Phrase 'bi-hajatin ila' (in need of).

المبرر الاقتصادي هو الأهم هنا.

The economic justification is the most important here.

Adjective 'iqtisadi' (economic).

حاول الكاتب تقديم مبرر فلسفي للوجود.

The writer tried to provide a philosophical justification for existence.

Compound sentence with 'hawala' (tried).

تعتبر هذه المبررات واهية ولا أساس لها.

These justifications are considered flimsy and groundless.

Passive-like verb 'tu'tabar' (are considered).

لا يمكن قبول أي مبرر لانتهاك حقوق الإنسان.

No justification can be accepted for violating human rights.

Negative 'la yumkin' (it is not possible).

استندت المحكمة إلى مبررات أمنية في حكمها.

The court relied on security justifications in its ruling.

Verb 'istanadat ila' (relied on).

كان المبرر الوحيد هو الحفاظ على النظام.

The only justification was to maintain order.

Use of 'al-wahid' (the only).

يصعب إيجاد مبرر واحد لهذا السلوك العنيف.

It is difficult to find a single justification for this violent behavior.

Impersonal 'yas'ub' (it is difficult).

المبررات التي سيقت لم تكن مقنعة للجمهور.

The justifications that were cited were not convincing to the public.

Passive verb 'siqat' (were cited/driven).

هناك مبرر موضوعي وراء هذا التغيير الجذري.

There is an objective justification behind this radical change.

Adjective 'mawdu'i' (objective).

تتعدد المبررات وتظل النتيجة الكارثية واحدة.

The justifications vary, but the catastrophic result remains the same.

Verb 'tata'addad' (to be numerous/vary).

لا ينبغي أن نتذرع بمبررات واهية لتبرير الفشل.

We should not use flimsy justifications as an excuse to justify failure.

Verb 'natatharra' (to use as a pretext).

إن غياب المبرر المنطقي يضع المشروع في مهب الريح.

The absence of a logical justification puts the project at the mercy of the wind.

Idiomatic expression 'fi mahabb al-reeh'.

كانت مبرراته تنم عن جهل عميق بالواقع الاجتماعي.

His justifications indicated a deep ignorance of the social reality.

Verb 'tanumm 'an' (to indicate/reveal).

تحاول السلطة صياغة مبررات جديدة لسياساتها التقشفية.

The authority is trying to formulate new justifications for its austerity policies.

Verb 'siyagha' (formulating/crafting).

لا أرى في كلامك أي مبرر يستحق النظر فيه.

I don't see in your words any justification worth considering.

Adjective clause 'yastahiqq al-nathar' (worth looking into).

المبرر التاريخي غالباً ما يستخدم لتغطية الأطماع الاستعمارية.

Historical justification is often used to cover colonial ambitions.

Passive 'yustakhdam' (is used).

قدمت الحكومة مبررات تقنية بحتة لتبرير انقطاع الكهرباء.

The government provided purely technical justifications to justify the power outage.

Adverbial 'buhtah' (purely).

تتهاوى المبررات الأخلاقية أمام المصالح الجيوسياسية الضيقة.

Moral justifications crumble before narrow geopolitical interests.

Verb 'tatahawa' (to crumble/collapse).

إن البحث عن مبرر للميتافيزيقا يعد من أصعب المهام الفلسفية.

Searching for a justification for metaphysics is considered one of the hardest philosophical tasks.

Complex 'Inna' sentence structure.

لم تكن تلك المبررات سوى غطاء رقيق لأهداف توسعية.

Those justifications were nothing but a thin veil for expansionist goals.

Restriction with 'lam... siwa'.

لا يمكن اختزال الأزمة في مبرر واحد، فهي نتاج تراكمات طويلة.

The crisis cannot be reduced to a single justification; it is the product of long accumulations.

Verb 'ikhtizal' (reduction/simplification).

تستند مبرراته إلى رؤية سوسيولوجية مغرقة في التشاؤم.

His justifications are based on a sociological vision steeped in pessimism.

Adjective 'moughriqa' (drenched/steeped).

إن تهافت المبررات الرسمية أدى إلى فقدان الثقة في المؤسسات.

The collapse of official justifications led to a loss of trust in institutions.

Noun 'tahafut' (incoherence/collapse).

يبقى المبرر الوجودي هو الهاجس الأكبر للإنسان المعاصر.

The existential justification remains the greatest obsession for contemporary man.

Verb 'yabqa' (remains).

صاغ الفيلسوف مبرراته ببراعة لغوية منقطعة النظير.

The philosopher crafted his justifications with unparalleled linguistic brilliance.

Phrase 'munqati'at al-natheer' (unparalleled).

類義語

عذر حجة سبب مسوغ

反対語

إدانة اتهام عيب

よく使う組み合わせ

مُبَرِّر مَنْطِقِي

مُبَرِّر قَانُونِي

مُبَرِّر أَخْلَاقِي

بِدُونِ مُبَرِّر

مُبَرِّر كَافٍ

مُبَرِّرَات وَاهِيَة

غِيَاب الْمُبَرِّر

مُبَرِّرَات اقْتِصَادِيَّة

مُبَرِّر مُقْنِع

خَلْق مُبَرِّرَات

よく使うフレーズ

لا مبرر له

— Unjustified or inexcusable. Used to condemn an action.

هذا العنف لا مبرر له.

ما هو مبررك؟

— What is your justification? A common way to ask for an explanation.

تأخرت كثيراً، ما هو مبررك؟

بناءً على مبررات

— Based on justifications. Used in formal reports.

تم اتخاذ القرار بناءً على مبررات أمنية.

دون أدنى مبرر

— Without the slightest justification. Emphasizes the lack of reason.

صرخ في وجهي دون أدنى مبرر.

البحث عن مبررات

— Searching for justifications. Often used critically.

توقف عن البحث عن مبررات لأخطائك.

مبررات موضوعية

— Objective justifications. Used in professional contexts.

نحتاج إلى مبررات موضوعية للتغيير.

لا أرى مبرراً

— I don't see a justification. Expresses disagreement.

لا أرى مبرراً لهذا القلق.

تقديم مبررات

— Providing justifications. The act of explaining oneself.

رفض تقديم مبررات لقراره.

مبررات واضحة

— Clear justifications. Used when the reason is obvious.

هناك مبررات واضحة لهذا النجاح.

مجموعة من المبررات

— A set of justifications. Used to list multiple reasons.

قدمت الشركة مجموعة من المبررات للزيادة.

よく混同される語

مُبَرِّر vs مُبَرَّر (mubarrar)

This is the passive participle meaning 'justified.' 'Mubarrir' is the justification itself.

مُبَرِّر vs تَبْرِير (tabreer)

This is the act of justifying. 'Mubarrir' is the reason used to justify.

مُبَرِّر vs سَبَب (sabab)

A cause vs. a justification. 'Sabab' is neutral; 'mubarrir' is defensive.

慣用句と表現

"ذر الرماد في العيون بمبررات"

— To throw dust in the eyes with justifications. To use excuses to deceive.

كان يحاول ذر الرماد في العيون بمبرراته الواهية.

Literary/Idiomatic

"مبرر أقبح من ذنب"

— A justification uglier than the sin itself. When an excuse is worse than the act.

اعتذاره كان مبرراً أقبح من ذنب.

Common Proverb

"لا يملك من أمره مبرراً"

— He has no justification for his situation. Used for someone totally lost.

أصبح لا يملك من أمره مبرراً بعد خسارته.

Formal

"خلق مبررات من عدم"

— Creating justifications out of nothing. Inventing excuses.

هو بارع في خلق مبررات من عدم.

Informal

"على مبرر من جرف هار"

— On a justification of a crumbling cliff. A very weak justification.

حجته قائمة على مبرر من جرف هار.

Literary/Religious Allusion

"وضع المبرر قبل الفعل"

— Putting the justification before the act. Premeditating an excuse.

لقد وضع المبرر قبل الفعل لكي لا يلام.

Neutral

"مبرر لا يسمن ولا يغني من جوع"

— A justification that neither nourishes nor satisfies hunger. A useless excuse.

كلامه مبرر لا يسمن ولا يغني من جوع.

Literary/Quranic Allusion

"تحت مبرر الضرورة"

— Under the justification of necessity. A common legal and social excuse.

فعل ذلك تحت مبرر الضرورة القصوى.

Formal/Legal

"تغطية الشمس بمبرر"

— Covering the sun with a justification. Trying to hide an obvious truth with an excuse.

محاولته لتبرير السرقة كانت كتغطية الشمس بمبرر.

Idiomatic

"المبرر هو سيد الموقف"

— The justification is the master of the situation. When the reason dictates everything.

في هذه الحرب، المبرر هو سيد الموقف.

Journalistic

間違えやすい

مُبَرِّر vs سَبَب (sabab)

Both mean 'reason' in English.

'Sabab' is a neutral cause (e.g., rain caused the flood). 'Mubarrir' is a moral or logical justification (e.g., I have a justification for being late).

المطر هو سبب الحادث، لكن السرعة ليس لها مبرر.

مُبَرِّر vs عُذْر ('udhr)

Both relate to explaining an action.

'Udhr' is an excuse to seek pardon. 'Mubarrir' is a rationale to prove the action was right.

قدم عذراً لغيابه، لكنه لم يجد مبرراً لخطئه.

مُبَرِّر vs حُجَّة (hujja)

Both involve logical proof.

'Hujja' is an argument used in a debate. 'Mubarrir' is specifically for justifying conduct.

حجته في النقاش قوية، ومبرره لفعلته منطقي.

مُبَرِّر vs ذَرِيعَة (tharee'a)

Both are reasons given for actions.

'Tharee'a' is a pretext, usually implying a hidden or fake motive. 'Mubarrir' is a formal justification.

اتخذ المرض ذريعة، بينما المبرر الحقيقي كان السفر.

مُبَرِّر vs تَسْوِيغ (tasweegh)

Very close synonyms.

'Tasweegh' is more formal and often used for the 'act of making something permissible' in a religious or legal sense.

لا يوجد تسويغ شرعي لهذا التصرف.

文型パターン

هذا مبرر [adjective].

هذا مبرر جيد.

ليس لدي مبرر لـ [noun].

ليس لدي مبرر للتأخير.

ما هو المبرر وراء [noun]؟

ما هو المبرر وراء هذا القرار؟

لا يمكن قبول أي مبرر لـ [masdar].

لا يمكن قبول أي مبرر لترك العمل.

تتعدد المبررات ولكن [clause].

تتعدد المبررات ولكن الحقيقة واضحة.

إن غياب المبرر الـ [adjective] يؤدي إلى [noun].

إن غياب المبرر المنطقي يؤدي إلى الفشل.

تتهاوى المبررات أمام [noun].

تتهاوى المبررات أمام قوة الواقع.

صيغت المبررات بـ [noun].

صيغت المبررات ببراعة فائقة.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Highly frequent in formal Arabic media and literature.

よくある間違い

Using 'sabab' for a moral defense. → Using 'mubarrir'.
'Sabab' is a neutral cause. If you are justifying an action, 'mubarrir' is the correct, more sophisticated choice.
Pluralizing as 'mubarrirun'. → Mubarrirat (مبررات).
Non-human nouns in Arabic usually take the feminine sound plural ending '-at'.
Pronouncing it 'mubarrar' when you mean 'justification'. → Mubarrir.
'Mubarrar' means 'justified' (passive). 'Mubarrir' means 'justification' (active).
Using 'bi-sabab' after 'mubarrir'. → Using 'li-' or 'wara''.
'Mubarrir bi-sabab' is redundant. Use 'mubarrir li-hatha' (justification for this).
Missing the shadda on the 'r'. → Pronouncing it as 'mubarrir' (doubled r).
The shadda is essential for the Form II active participle pattern.

ヒント

Master the Shadda

The shadda on the 'ra' is crucial. Without it, the word sounds like 'mubarir', which isn't correct. Practice the doubling to sound authentic.

Link with 'Barrara'

Remember the verb 'barrara' (to justify). If you know the verb, the noun 'mubarrir' (justifier/justification) follows the standard pattern.

Legal vs. Personal

In a legal context, 'mubarrir' is a technical term. In personal life, it can sound a bit formal or defensive. Use it wisely.

Use in Essays

When writing an essay in Arabic, use 'mubarrirat' to list the reasons for a phenomenon. it sounds much more academic than 'asbab'.

News Keywords

When you hear 'mubarrir' on the news, pay attention to the next word. It will usually tell you the topic of the debate (e.g., security, economy).

Dismissing Excuses

Use 'hathihi mubarrirat wahiya' (these are flimsy justifications) to effectively counter someone's weak arguments.

The 'B-R-R' Family

Connect it to 'Barr' (land/truth). A justification is like solid ground you stand on when explaining yourself.

Mubarrir vs. Sabab

Always ask yourself: Am I explaining a cause (sabab) or defending an action (mubarrir)? This will help you choose the right word.

Respect the Rules

In many Arab cultures, providing a 'mubarrir' is a sign that you respect the social order, even if you deviated from it.

Professional Emails

In emails, use 'Mubarrirat al-talab' (Justifications for the request) to make your case for a promotion or a resource.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Mubarrir' as a 'Bar' (barrier) of logic you put up to 'Rear' (rir) your defense. It sounds like 'Mu-Bar-Rir'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a person standing behind a shield labeled 'LOGIC' while being questioned. The shield is the 'mubarrir'.

Word Web

Logic Defense Reason Excuse Legal Ethical Tabreer Barrara

チャレンジ

Try to use 'mubarrir' in three different sentences today: one about a late friend, one about a news story, and one about a personal choice.

語源

Derived from the Arabic triliteral root ب-ر-ر (B-R-R). This root is ancient and central to Semitic languages, primarily meaning 'to be righteous,' 'to be true,' or 'to be kind.'

元の意味： The original sense of the root relates to 'land' (barr) as opposed to sea, implying stability and truth. In Form II (barrara), it evolved to mean 'making something righteous' or 'proving it to be true/valid.'

Afroasiatic -> Semitic -> Central Semitic -> Arabic.

文化的な背景

Be careful not to sound too defensive. Using 'mubarrir' too much in a personal relationship might make you seem cold or overly legalistic.

English speakers often use 'excuse' or 'reason' casually, but 'justification' feels heavy. In Arabic, 'mubarrir' is the exact equivalent of that 'heavy' feel.

Legal codes in Egypt and Lebanon use 'mubarrir' to define self-defense. Modern Arabic literature (e.g., Naguib Mahfouz) uses it to explore the internal logic of characters. News headlines regarding international conflicts often lead with 'The justifications for...' (Mubarrirat...).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Legal Defense

مبرر قانوني
حالة الدفاع عن النفس
استناداً إلى المبررات
غياب المبرر الجنائي

Workplace/Business

مبررات المشروع
تأخير مبرر
تقديم مبررات اقتصادية
عدم وجود مبرر للرفض

Personal Arguments

لا تبرر لنفسك
ما مبررك لهذا الكلام؟
بدون مبرر واضح
مبرراتك غير مقبولة

News/Media

المبررات الرسمية
خلق مبررات للتدخل
تساؤلات حول المبرر
سياق المبررات

Academic Writing

المبرر العلمي
تحليل المبررات
مبررات الدراسة
الأساس المنطقي والمبرر

会話のきっかけ

"هل تعتقد أن هناك مبرراً للكذب في بعض الأحيان؟"

"ما هو المبرر الذي قدمته عندما تأخرت آخر مرة؟"

"كيف يمكننا إيجاد مبرر مقنع لزيادة الميزانية؟"

"هل هناك مبرر أخلاقي لاستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في الفن؟"

"ما هي أهم المبررات التي تجعل الناس يهاجرون؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن موقف قمت فيه بفعل شيء بدون مبرر واضح وكيف شعرت.

هل يجب أن يكون لكل قرار نتخذه مبرر منطقي؟ ناقش ذلك.

اكتب رسالة اعتذار لصديق وقدم فيها مبرراتك بصدق.

ما هي المبررات التي تعطيها لنفسك عندما لا تدرس اللغة العربية؟

حلل مبررات قرار تاريخي مشهور من وجهة نظرك.

よくある質問

10 問

It is common among educated speakers and in professional settings. In casual family talk, 'sabab' or 'udhr' is more frequent.

'Mubarrir' is the noun (the justification), while 'tabreer' is the verbal noun (the act of justifying). Example: 'I provided a justification (mubarrir)' vs 'The act of justifying (tabreer) is hard.'

Rarely. It usually implies a defense against a potential criticism. For positive reasons, use 'sabab'.

You can say 'ghayr mubarrar' (not justified) or 'la mubarrira lahu' (it has no justification).

No. The correct plural is 'mubarrirat' (مبررات), as it follows the sound feminine plural pattern for non-human nouns.

Its root (B-R-R) is religious, but the word 'mubarrir' itself is mostly used in logical, legal, and social contexts today.

The most common preposition is 'li-' (لـ), meaning 'for.' For example: 'mubarrir li-al-qarar' (justification for the decision).

Yes, but a 'valid' or 'rational' excuse. It’s not just any excuse; it’s one that attempts to make the action right.

Hold the 'r' sound slightly longer, like a short roll, before moving to the 'i'. It’s 'mu-bar-rir'.

Yes, it is widely understood across the Arab world, although local variants for 'excuse' might be used in very informal settings.

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