このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A2 adjective #6,000 よく出る 9分で読める

مقرف

muraqqif 上位6,000

練習する例文メモとヒント مقرف 30秒で

解説 مقرف in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to express your likes and dislikes. 'Muqrif' is a very useful word because it allows you to say 'I don't like this' with more emphasis. At this stage, you should focus on using it for simple things like food or smells. Think of it as the Arabic equivalent of 'Yuck.' You might say 'Al-akl muqrif' (The food is gross) if you see something you really don't want to eat. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just remember that if you're talking about something feminine, add 'a' at the end: 'muqrifa.' It's a 'survival' word for when you need to express that something is very unpleasant. You will likely hear it in cartoons or from parents talking to children. It's a high-impact word that helps you communicate strong feelings with very little effort. Try to associate it with a face of disgust to remember its meaning. Even if your pronunciation of the 'qaf' isn't perfect, people will understand your meaning from the context and your tone. Focus on the 'm-u-q-r-i-f' sound pattern. It's one of those words that sounds a bit like what it means—harsh and blunt.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you can begin to use 'muqrif' in more complete sentences and in a wider range of contexts. You are now able to describe not just food, but also places and simple behaviors. You should be comfortable with the gender agreement: 'Al-walad muqrif' (The boy is gross—maybe he's messy) vs. 'Al-bint muqrifa.' You can also start using intensifiers like 'jiddan' (very). For example, 'Hadha al-manzar muqrif jiddan' (This view is very disgusting). You are also learning that 'muqrif' is an adjective, so it follows the noun. If you say 'the disgusting food,' it's 'al-ta'am al-muqrif.' At this level, you might also encounter the word in simple stories or social media posts. It's a great word for expanding your descriptive vocabulary beyond 'good' and 'bad.' You should also be aware that while 'muqrif' is common, it's a bit informal. You're starting to build the foundation for more nuanced emotional expression in Arabic.

At the B1 level, you can use 'muqrif' to discuss more abstract concepts and social issues. You might describe a 'muqrif' habit someone has or a 'muqrif' situation at work. You are also becoming aware of the different shades of meaning between 'muqrif' and its synonyms like 'muqazziz' or 'bashī‘.' You can use the word in the past tense by adding 'kana' (was): 'Al-film kana muqrifan' (The movie was disgusting). Note the 'an' ending on 'muqrifan' because it's the predicate of 'kana.' This level is about moving beyond physical disgust to moral and situational disgust. You might say, 'It's disgusting how some people treat the poor.' You are also starting to hear the word in different dialects and recognizing that the 'qaf' might disappear or change. You can use 'muqrif' to express frustration or annoyance in a more 'native' way. It’s no longer just a 'yuck' word; it’s a tool for social commentary and personal opinion.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'muqrif' and its derivatives with ease in both spoken and written Arabic. You can use the noun form 'qaraf' and the verb 'aqrafa' (to disgust someone). You understand the rhetorical power of the word and can use it to make a strong point in a debate or an essay. You are also familiar with collocations like 'ra'iha muqrifa' (disgusting smell) or 'tasarruf muqrif' (disgusting behavior). You can navigate the nuances of register, knowing when 'muqrif' is appropriate and when a more formal word like 'mustahjan' (reprehensible) is required. You might use it to describe the 'disgusting' details of a political scandal or an environmental disaster. Your ability to use the word in complex sentence structures, such as 'The most disgusting thing about this is...' (Akthar shay' muqrif fi hadha...), shows a high level of linguistic competence. You are now using the word to express complex emotions like indignation and moral outrage.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the etymological and cultural roots of 'muqrif.' You can use it to analyze literature or media, discussing how an author uses 'muqrif' imagery to evoke a specific reaction in the reader. You are aware of the word's history and its connection to other words in the Q-R-F root. You can use it in highly sophisticated ways, perhaps in a critique of modern society or an analysis of human psychology. You understand the subtle differences in how 'muqrif' is used across various Arab countries and can adapt your own usage accordingly. You might use the word in a metaphorical sense, describing a 'muqrif' atmosphere in a room or a 'muqrif' ideology. Your use of the word is precise, impactful, and culturally informed. You can also recognize when the word is being used ironically or for comedic effect in satire.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'muqrif' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You can use the word in all its forms, including rare classical variations, and you understand the finest nuances of its meaning. You can use it in any register, from street slang to the highest forms of poetic or academic Arabic. You are aware of the word's phonetic impact and can use it to create specific rhetorical effects. You can engage in deep discussions about the concept of disgust in Arabic culture and how the word 'muqrif' encapsulates that concept. You can write persuasive texts that use the word to evoke powerful emotions in your audience. For you, 'muqrif' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile instrument in your linguistic repertoire, used with total control and cultural sensitivity.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

مقرف 30秒で

Muqrif means 'disgusting' or 'gross' in Arabic.
It is used for physical smells, sights, and moral behaviors.
It changes to 'muqrifa' for feminine nouns.
It is a common, slightly informal word for expressing revulsion.

The Arabic word مقرف (muqrif) is a powerful and visceral adjective that translates most directly to 'disgusting,' 'gross,' or 'revolting' in English. It is derived from the Arabic root (ق-ر-ف), which carries connotations of aversion and physical sickness. In the modern linguistic landscape, مقرف is used to describe anything that offends the senses or the moral compass. When you encounter a foul odor, see something unhygienic, or witness behavior that is socially or ethically unacceptable, this is the word you reach for. It is an active participle (اسم فاعل) that indicates the quality of causing 'qaraf' (disgust).

Sensory Usage: Used for smells, tastes, and sights that are physically repulsive. For example, rotten food or a dirty street.

Moral Usage: Used to describe actions or attitudes that are despicable or shameful, such as lying or exploitation.

رائحة المطبخ مقرفة جداً اليوم.

Beyond the physical, the word carries a weight of social judgment. In a formal setting, calling someone's proposal 'muqrif' would be a severe insult, suggesting it is not just bad, but inherently offensive. In casual settings, it is used frequently among friends to describe bad movies, terrible weather, or messy situations. The versatility of the word lies in its ability to bridge the gap between a biological reaction and a cognitive evaluation. For instance, a 'muqrif' habit might be something like biting one's nails, while a 'muqrif' crime would be something that shocks the conscience of society.

تصرفه مع الأطفال كان مقرفاً.

Understanding the depth of this word requires recognizing that Arabic speakers often use sensory language to describe abstract concepts. Disgust is a universal human emotion, and 'muqrif' captures the precise moment when something crosses the line from merely 'bad' to 'unbearable.' It is also important to note the gender agreement: 'muqrif' for masculine nouns and 'muqrifa' for feminine nouns.

Grammatical Note: It is an adjective (Sifa) and follows the noun it describes in gender, number, and definiteness.

هذه القمامة مقرفة.

To fully master 'muqrif,' one must observe the facial expressions and tone of voice that accompany it; it is rarely said with a neutral face. It is a word of reaction, a linguistic 'ew' or 'yuck' transformed into a formal adjective. Whether you are navigating a crowded market or discussing a political scandal, 'muqrif' provides the necessary bite to express genuine revulsion. Its frequency in daily life makes it an essential part of the A2 learner's vocabulary, allowing for more nuanced expression of likes and dislikes.

Using مقرف correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective and its flexibility across different levels of formality. In a basic sentence, it follows the noun. For example, 'The food is disgusting' becomes 'Al-ta'am muqrif' (الطعام مقرف). Because it is an active participle, it can also function as a predicate in a nominal sentence.

هذا المنظر مقرف للغاية.

When describing feminine nouns, you must add the 'ta marbuta' (ة) at the end, resulting in مقرفة (muqrifa). For example, 'A disgusting idea' is 'Fikra muqrifa' (فكرة مقرفة).

Adverbial Use: While less common, you can use 'bi-shakl muqrif' (بشكل مقرف) to mean 'disgustingly' or 'in a disgusting manner'.

It is often paired with intensifiers like 'jiddan' (very) or 'lil-ghaya' (extremely) to emphasize the level of revulsion.

الجو في الخارج مقرف بسبب الرطوبة.

In the plural form, for human subjects, it becomes 'muqrifun' (masculine) or 'muqrifat' (feminine), though it is more common to use the singular feminine 'muqrifa' when describing non-human plural objects (e.g., 'ashya' muqrifa' - disgusting things).

لا أحب الأفلام المقرفة.

Negation: To say something is 'not disgusting', use 'laysa muqrifan' (ليس مقرفاً) in formal Arabic or 'mush muqrif' (مش مقرف) in many dialects.

The word can also be used to describe people, but be careful as this is very offensive. Saying 'Anta shakhs muqrif' (You are a disgusting person) is a direct attack on someone's character.

هذا العمل مقرف ولا يليق بك.

Comparatives: To say 'more disgusting', use 'akthar qarafan' (أكثر قرفاً). Arabic doesn't have a single-word comparative for this root in common usage.

Practice using it with different nouns: 'ta'am' (food), 'ra'iha' (smell), 'manzar' (view), 'tasarruf' (behavior). This will help you internalize the gender agreement and the contexts where it fits best. By the end of this section, you should feel comfortable placing 'muqrif' in a sentence to express your distaste for anything from a burnt meal to a corrupt politician.

In the Arab world, مقرف is a staple of daily conversation, though its pronunciation varies by region. In the Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine), you will often hear it in the context of complaining about the weather or a difficult day at work. 'Al-yawm kana muqrifan' (Today was disgusting/terrible). In Egypt, the word 'qaraf' (the noun form) is used even more frequently to express being fed up: 'Ana qirift' (I'm disgusted/fed up).

يا إلهي، هذا المكان مقرف!

You will hear it in marketplaces when someone encounters spoiled produce, or in public transport when it's overcrowded and hot. It's also a common word in Arabic drama and cinema. Characters use it to express disdain for a villain's actions or to describe the squalor of a setting.

Media and News: In news reports, it might be used to describe the state of a crime scene or the conditions in a refugee camp, though 'mu'sif' (unfortunate) or 'mu'lim' (painful) might be used if the tone is more somber.

In domestic settings, parents might use it to tell their children to clean up: 'Ghurfatuka muqrifa!' (Your room is disgusting!). It's a word that cuts through politeness, making it very effective for setting boundaries or expressing strong opinions.

توقف عن هذا الفعل المقرف.

Youth Slang: Younger generations use it to describe anything they find 'uncool' or annoying, similar to how 'gross' is used in English slang.

Interestingly, the word is also used in the context of illness. If someone is feeling nauseous, they might say 'Ash'ur bi-qaraf' (I feel disgust/nausea). This highlights the physical connection between the word and the body's reaction to something foul.

الأكل في هذا المطعم مقرف.

Whether you are traveling in Morocco or Iraq, the root Q-R-F will be understood. While the specific word 'muqrif' is standard, the feeling it conveys is a universal part of the Arabic-speaking experience. Listening for it in podcasts or TV shows will help you understand the emotional temperature of a conversation.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with مقرف is confusing it with words that mean 'bad' or 'unpleasant' but lack the element of disgust. For example, using 'sayyi' (bad) when you mean 'muqrif' (disgusting) weakens your statement. Conversely, using 'muqrif' to describe a boring book is an overstatement; 'muqrif' implies a visceral reaction, not just a lack of interest.

Gender Agreement: Forgetting the 'ta marbuta' (ة) when describing feminine nouns like 'fikra' (idea) or 'ra'iha' (smell) is a common A2-level error.

Wrong: رائحة مقرف (Raiha muqrif)
Right: رائحة مقرفة (Raiha muqrifa)

Another mistake is the confusion between the active participle مقرف (causing disgust) and the passive feeling. In English, we say 'I am disgusted,' but in Arabic, you wouldn't usually say 'Ana muqrif' unless you mean 'I am a disgusting person.' To say 'I feel disgusted,' you should use the verb 'qirift' (قرفت) or the phrase 'ash'ur bi-l-qaraf' (أشعر بالقرف).

لا تقل "أنا مقرف" إذا كنت تشعر بالاشمئزاز.

Intensity Confusion: Confusing 'muqrif' with 'karīh' (hateful/unpleasant). 'Karīh' is often used for smells (ra'iha kariha), but 'muqrif' is more intense and informal.

Additionally, be careful with the word 'mu'rif' (with an 'ayn instead of a 'qaf'). While 'mu'rif' isn't a common word, mispronouncing the 'qaf' can lead to confusion with other roots. Always ensure the 'r' is rolled slightly as in standard Arabic.

هذا الفيلم مقرف بسبب العنف.

Finally, avoid overusing the word. If everything is 'muqrif,' nothing is. Save it for things that truly deserve a 'yuck' reaction. This will make your Arabic sound more natural and your emotional expressions more impactful. By avoiding these common pitfalls, you will use 'muqrif' like a native speaker, accurately conveying your revulsion when the situation calls for it.

Arabic is rich with synonyms for disgust, each carrying a slightly different shade of meaning. مقزز (muqazziz) is perhaps the closest synonym to مقرف. It specifically refers to something that makes one's skin crawl or causes nausea. While 'muqrif' is very common in speech, 'muqazziz' is often found in literature and more formal descriptions of something repulsive.

مقزز (Muqazziz): Focuses on the physical sensation of nausea or skin-crawling. Often used for insects or gory scenes.

بشع (Bashī‘): Means 'ugly' or 'hideous.' It is used for things that are visually offensive rather than just disgusting in a sensory or moral way.

هذا الحادث كان بشعاً ومقززاً.

شنيع (shanī‘) is another alternative, usually translated as 'atrocious' or 'heinous.' It is almost always used for moral or legal transgressions, like a 'shanī‘' crime. It lacks the 'gross' feeling of 'muqrif' and instead emphasizes the severity and evil of an act. مستقذر (mustaqdhar) comes from the root for 'dirt' (qadhara) and specifically means something that is considered filthy or unclean. If you want to emphasize that something is disgusting because it's dirty, this is a more precise word.

المكان مستقذر جداً ولا يمكن العيش فيه.

كريه (Karīh): Means 'loathsome' or 'unpleasant.' Frequently paired with 'ra'iha' (smell) to describe a 'ra'iha kariha' (foul odor).

Finally, فظيع (fadhī‘) can mean 'terrible' or 'horrible.' While it can sometimes overlap with 'muqrif,' it is more general and can even be used positively in some dialects (like 'terribly good'), whereas 'muqrif' is never positive. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the physical reaction (muqazziz), the lack of cleanliness (mustaqdhar), the visual ugliness (bashī‘), or the moral weight (shanī‘). 'Muqrif' remains the most versatile and common choice for general disgust.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'Cinnamon' in Arabic is 'Qirfa' (قرفة), which comes from the same root because it is the peeled bark of a tree!

発音ガイド

UK /muq.rif/

US /mʊk.rɪf/

The stress is on the first syllable: MUQ-rif.

韻が合う語

Musrif (extravagant) Mukhrif (senile) Mushrif (supervisor) Muhtarif (professional) Munharif (deviant) Mu'rif (rare variant) Mutrif (luxurious) Munjif (saving)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'q' as a simple 'k'.
Not rolling the 'r' at all.
Forgetting the 'u' sound and saying 'maqrif'.
In dialects, failing to drop the 'q' when trying to sound local.
Pronouncing 'mu' as 'myu'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize once the root is known.

ライティング 3/5

Requires remembering the 'qaf' and 'ra' sequence.

スピーキング 4/5

The 'qaf' can be tricky for beginners.

リスニング 3/5

Easy to hear, but watch for dialectal variations.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

سيء (bad) وسخ (dirty) طعام (food) رائحة (smell) كان (was)

次に学ぶ

مقزز (nauseating) بشع (hideous) اشمئزاز (disgust) نظافة (cleanliness) قذارة (filth)

上級

استهجان (disapproval) تقزز (feeling of nausea) منفر (repulsive) مستهجن (reprehensible) خبيث (malicious)

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

ولد مقرف vs بنت مقرفة

Accusative case with 'Kana'

كان الطعام مقرفاً

Definite vs Indefinite

الشيء المقرف vs شيء مقرف

Non-human Plural as Feminine Singular

أشياء مقرفة

Active Participle (Form IV)

مقرف (Muqrif) from أقرف (Aqrafa)

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

هذا مقرف.

This is disgusting.

Simple nominal sentence with a demonstrative pronoun.

الأكل مقرف.

The food is disgusting.

Subject and predicate agreement.

رائحة مقرفة.

A disgusting smell.

Noun-adjective pair; feminine agreement.

هذا ولد مقرف.

This is a disgusting boy.

Adjective following a masculine noun.

لا، هذا مقرف!

No, this is gross!

Exclamatory use of the adjective.

البحر مقرف اليوم.

The sea is disgusting today.

Using an adjective to describe a natural feature.

الماء مقرف.

The water is disgusting.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

قطة مقرفة.

A disgusting cat.

Feminine adjective agreement.

هذا الطعام مقرف جداً.

This food is very disgusting.

Use of 'jiddan' for emphasis.

المكان هنا مقرف.

The place here is disgusting.

Describing a location.

رأيت فيلماً مقرفاً أمس.

I saw a disgusting movie yesterday.

Accusative case for the adjective (object of the verb).

عندك عادة مقرفة.

You have a disgusting habit.

Describing a feminine noun (habit).

لا تأكل هذا، إنه مقرف.

Don't eat this, it's disgusting.

Use of the pronoun 'innahu'.

لماذا ملابسك مقرفة؟

Why are your clothes disgusting?

Question form with a feminine plural noun (treated as singular feminine).

هذا التصرف مقرف.

This behavior is disgusting.

Describing an abstract noun (behavior).

الجو مقرف بسبب الغبار.

The weather is disgusting because of the dust.

Using 'bi-sabab' (because of) to give a reason.

كان الجو مقرفاً في الحافلة.

The atmosphere was disgusting on the bus.

Predicate of 'kana' in the accusative case.

أجد هذا النوع من المزاح مقرفاً.

I find this kind of joking disgusting.

Direct object of the verb 'ajid' (to find).

من المقرف أن نرى القمامة في كل مكان.

It is disgusting to see trash everywhere.

Fixed expression 'min al-muqrif' (It is disgusting...).

تكلم معي بأسلوب مقرف.

He spoke to me in a disgusting manner.

Adjective modifying 'uslub' (style/manner).

لا أصدق أنك فعلت هذا الشيء المقرف.

I can't believe you did this disgusting thing.

Adjective following a definite noun.

كانت الرائحة مقرفة لدرجة أنني غادرت.

The smell was so disgusting that I left.

Result clause 'li-darajat anna'.

هذا الكذب مقرف حقاً.

This lying is truly disgusting.

Describing a verbal noun (masdar).

السياسة أحياناً تكون مقرفة.

Politics is sometimes disgusting.

Describing a broad field or concept.

إنه لأمر مقرف أن يتم استغلال العمال.

It is a disgusting matter that workers are exploited.

Formal structure with 'inna' and 'lam' of emphasis.

وصف الشاهد الحادث بأنه كان مقرفاً.

The witness described the accident as disgusting.

Reporting a description.

هناك تفاصيل مقرفة في هذه القضية.

There are disgusting details in this case.

Plural adjective agreement (feminine singular for non-human plural).

لا تكن مقرفاً وتوقف عن البصق في الشارع.

Don't be disgusting and stop spitting in the street.

Imperative negation 'la takun'.

شعرت بقرف شديد بعد قراءة الخبر.

I felt intense disgust after reading the news.

Using the noun 'qaraf' instead of the adjective.

الفساد في هذه المؤسسة وصل لمستوى مقرف.

Corruption in this institution has reached a disgusting level.

Describing the 'level' (mustawa) of something abstract.

من المقرف أن نرى هذا التمييز في مجتمعنا.

It is disgusting to see this discrimination in our society.

Social commentary.

كانت الصور التي عرضها مقرفة للغاية.

The photos he showed were extremely disgusting.

Plural feminine subject.

تتجلى في هذه الرواية الجوانب المقرفة للنفس البشرية.

The disgusting aspects of the human soul are manifested in this novel.

Literary usage.

إن الصمت عن الحق في هذه الظروف أمر مقرف.

Remaining silent about the truth in these circumstances is a disgusting matter.

Ethical/Philosophical statement.

انتقد الكاتب بأسلوب لاذع الظواهر المقرفة في المدينة.

The writer sharply criticized the disgusting phenomena in the city.

Describing social phenomena.

لا يمكننا تجاهل هذا الواقع المقرف الذي نعيشه.

We cannot ignore this disgusting reality that we live in.

Describing 'reality' (waqi').

تحدث عن تجربته في السجن بوصفها تجربة مقرفة.

He spoke of his prison experience as a disgusting experience.

Describing a life experience.

التعصب الأعمى هو أكثر شيء مقرف في السياسة.

Blind fanaticism is the most disgusting thing in politics.

Superlative structure 'akthar shay' muqrif'.

رغم جمال المبنى، كانت الغرف من الداخل مقرفة.

Despite the beauty of the building, the rooms inside were disgusting.

Contrast using 'raghma'.

أثارت تصريحاته موجة من الاشمئزاز بسبب محتواها المقرف.

His statements sparked a wave of disgust because of their disgusting content.

Using 'muhtawa' (content).

إن الابتذال في الفن الحديث قد يصل أحياناً إلى حدود مقرفة.

Vulgarity in modern art can sometimes reach disgusting limits.

High-level aesthetic critique.

يسلط الفيلم الضوء على التناقضات المقرفة في حياة الطبقة المخملية.

The film highlights the disgusting contradictions in the lives of the velvet class (the elite).

Sociological analysis.

لا يجد القارئ في هذا الكتاب سوى سرد للأحداث بشكل مقرف.

The reader finds nothing in this book but a narration of events in a disgusting manner.

Literary criticism using 'bi-shakl muqrif'.

تلك الازدواجية في المعايير هي ما يجعل الموقف مقرفاً.

That double standard is what makes the situation disgusting.

Abstract political concept.

يصور الكاتب الفقر ليس كحالة مادية بل كواقع مقرف ومذل.

The writer depicts poverty not as a material state but as a disgusting and humiliating reality.

Complex thematic description.

كانت الرائحة المنبعثة من المصنع مقرفة لدرجة لا تحتمل.

The smell emanating from the factory was disgusting to an unbearable degree.

Using 'la tuhtamal' (unbearable).

من المقرف أن نرى كيف يتم تسييس القضايا الإنسانية.

It is disgusting to see how humanitarian issues are politicized.

Critique of international relations.

إنها محاولة مقرفة لتزييف الحقائق التاريخية.

It is a disgusting attempt to forge historical facts.

Describing an intellectual act.

よく使う組み合わせ

رائحة مقرفة

طعام مقرف

تصرف مقرف

منظر مقرف

عادة مقرفة

كلام مقرف

شخص مقرف

جو مقرف

مكان مقرف

شيء مقرف

よく使うフレーズ

يا للقرف!

— How disgusting! Used as an exclamation.

يا للقرف! انظر إلى ذلك.

شيء مقرف فعلاً

— Something truly disgusting. Used for emphasis.

هذا شيء مقرف فعلاً.

بشكل مقرف

— In a disgusting way. Adverbial use.

يأكل بشكل مقرف.

مقرف للنفس

— Nauseating to the soul/self. High intensity.

هذا المنظر مقرف للنفس.

مستوى مقرف

— A disgusting level. Used for corruption or bad quality.

وصل الفساد لمستوى مقرف.

تفاصيل مقرفة

— Disgusting details. Often used in news or stories.

ذكر تفاصيل مقرفة عن الجريمة.

رائحة مقرفة جداً

— A very disgusting smell.

القمامة لها رائحة مقرفة جداً.

أسلوب مقرف

— A disgusting style or manner of dealing with people.

لا أحب أسلوبه المقرف.

واقع مقرف

— A disgusting reality. Used for social issues.

نعيش في واقع مقرف.

فيلم مقرف

— A disgusting movie. Used for horror or bad quality.

كان فيلماً مقرفاً ومليئاً بالدماء.

よく混同される語

مقرف vs مخيف (mukhīf)

Means 'scary'. Don't confuse feeling scared with feeling disgusted.

مقرف vs مكلف (mukallif)

Means 'expensive'. Sounds slightly similar but totally different meaning.

مقرف vs معرف (mu'rif)

A rare word or mispronunciation; ensure the 'qaf' is clear.

慣用句と表現

"قرفني في عيشتي"

— He made my life miserable/disgusting. (Dialectal)

هذا المدير قرفني في عيشتي.

Informal/Slang

"طقت روحي من القرف"

— I'm fed up with this disgust/mess. (Dialectal)

طقت روحي من القرف في هذا البيت.

Informal

"قرف يقرفك"

— A common (rude) insult meaning 'May you be disgusted' or 'You are gross.'

قرف يقرفك على هذا الفعل!

Slang

"نفسي قرفت منه"

— My soul is disgusted by him/it (I can't stand it anymore).

نفسي قرفت من هذا العمل.

Neutral

"يا عيني على القرف"

— Sarcastic 'Oh, look at this mess/disgust.'

يا عيني على القرف اللي إحنا فيه.

Informal

"موتة مقرفة"

— A disgusting/terrible way to die.

مات موتة مقرفة في الحادث.

Neutral

"عيشة مقرفة"

— A disgusting/miserable life.

يا لها من عيشة مقرفة!

Neutral

"قرف على الصبح"

— Disgust first thing in the morning. Used when something bad happens early.

إيه القرف ده على الصبح!

Informal

"بلغ القرف مداه"

— The disgust has reached its limit.

بلغ القرف مداه في هذه المدينة.

Formal

"يقطر قرفاً"

— Dripping with disgust (highly metaphorical).

كلامه يقطر قرفاً وحقداً.

Literary

間違えやすい

مقرف vs سيء

Both mean 'bad'.

'Sayyi' is general badness; 'muqrif' is specific disgust.

الجو سيء (bad weather) vs الجو مقرف (disgusting weather).

مقرف vs بشع

Both describe unpleasant things.

'Bashī' is more about visual ugliness; 'muqrif' is about revulsion.

وجه بشع (ugly face) vs منظر مقرف (disgusting sight).

مقرف vs وسخ

Dirty things are often disgusting.

'Wasikh' is a noun/adj for dirt; 'muqrif' is the feeling it causes.

قميص وسخ (dirty shirt) vs رائحة مقرفة (disgusting smell).

مقرف vs صعب

Hard situations can be called 'gross' in English slang.

In Arabic, use 'sa'b' for difficulty, never 'muqrif'.

امتحان صعب (hard exam), not مقرف.

مقرف vs حزين

Sad things can be upsetting.

'Hazin' is emotional sadness; 'muqrif' is physical/moral disgust.

خبر حزين (sad news) vs خبر مقرف (disgusting news/scandal).

文型パターン

هذا [اسم] مقرف.

هذا طعام مقرف.

[الاسم] مقرف جداً.

المكان مقرف جداً.

كان [الاسم] مقرفاً.

كان الفيلم مقرفاً.

رأيت [اسماً] مقرفاً.

رأيت منظراً مقرفاً.

من المقرف أن [فعل].

من المقرف أن تكذب.

أجد [الاسم] مقرفاً.

أجد تصرفه مقرفاً.

[الاسم] يمثل واقعاً مقرفاً.

الفقر يمثل واقعاً مقرفاً.

وصل [الاسم] إلى حدود مقرفة.

وصل الابتذال إلى حدود مقرفة.

語族

名詞

قرف (qaraf) - disgust

مقرفة (muqrifa) - feminine form/disgusting thing

動詞

قرف (qarafa) - to disgust

أقرف (aqrafa) - to cause disgust

تقرف (taqarrafa) - to be disgusted

形容詞

مقرف (muqrif) - disgusting

قرفان (qarfān) - disgusted (dialectal)

使い方

frequency

Very high in daily speech; moderate in formal writing.

よくある間違い

Using 'muqrif' for 'scary'. → Using 'mukhīf'.
Disgust and fear are different emotions in Arabic just like in English.
Saying 'Ana muqrif' to mean 'I am disgusted'. → Saying 'Ana qarfān'.
'Ana muqrif' means 'I am a disgusting person.'
Forgetting feminine agreement. → رائحة مقرفة
'Raiha' is feminine, so the adjective must be 'muqrifa'.
Using 'muqrif' for a boring class. → حصّة مملة
'Muqrif' is for disgust, 'mumill' is for boredom.
Mispronouncing 'Qaf' as 'Kaf'. → Muqrif (with a deep Q)
Pronouncing it as 'Mukrif' might make it sound like 'Mukhrif' (senile).

ヒント

Tone Matters

When you say 'muqrif,' your tone should reflect your disgust. A flat tone makes it sound like you're reading a dictionary.

Agreement

Always match 'muqrif' to the noun. 'Fikra' (idea) is feminine, so use 'muqrifa.' 'Tasarruf' (behavior) is masculine, so use 'muqrif.'

Intensify

Add 'jiddan' (very) or 'lil-ghaya' (extremely) after 'muqrif' to show you are really revolted.

Egyptian Style

In Egypt, you'll hear 'ya qaraf!' as a general exclamation of 'how gross!' or 'how annoying!'

Be Careful

Avoid calling someone's gift or food 'muqrif' unless you want to end the friendship. It's very blunt.

Spelling

Remember the 'qaf' (ق) has two dots. Don't confuse it with 'fa' (ف) which has one.

Root Recognition

If you hear 'Q-R-F,' expect something negative. It's a reliable root for disgust.

Cleanliness

Understand that 'muqrif' often carries a weight of 'impurity' in a cultural sense.

Cinnamon Trick

Remember that 'Qirfa' (cinnamon) and 'Muqrif' (gross) share a root. Cinnamon is bark, and gross things make your skin crawl!

Verb Forms

Learn the verb 'qirift' (I am disgusted) to express your feelings more naturally than using the adjective.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Muck' and 'Riff'. A 'Muqrif' thing is like a 'Mucky Riff'—something dirty and unpleasant to your ears and eyes.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant 'Q' (the letter Qaf) sitting in a pile of trash. The 'Q' looks sick. That is 'mu-Q-rif'.

Word Web

Trash Smell Dirty Bad Behavior Gross Nausea Yuck Repulsive

チャレンジ

Try to find three things today that you can describe as 'muqrif' (privately!) to practice the word.

語源

From the Arabic root Q-R-F (ق-ر-ف), which originally related to skin, peeling, or crusting.

元の意味： The root originally meant to peel or bark a tree, or to acquire/earn something. The connection to disgust likely comes from the idea of something being 'scabby' or 'peeled' (unpleasant to look at).

Semitic -> Afroasiatic -> Arabic.

文化的な背景

Avoid using it to describe people directly unless you intend to be very insulting. It is a 'fighting word' in some contexts.

Similar to 'gross' or 'disgusting,' but can sometimes feel slightly more formal or intense depending on the context.

Used in many Arabic soap operas (Musalsalat) to describe villains. Common in Egyptian street comedy. Appears in modern Arabic literature to describe urban decay.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

In a dirty restaurant

الصحن مقرف
المطبخ مقرف
الأكل مقرف جداً
لا تأكل هنا

Talking about a bad habit

هذه عادة مقرفة
توقف عن هذا القرف
هذا ليس جميلاً
إنه مقرف

Describing the weather

الجو مقرف اليوم
رطوبة مقرفة
غبار مقرف
لا أريد الخروج

Reacting to a horror movie

فيلم مقرف
مناظر مقرفة
كثير من الدماء
أغلق التلفاز

Discussing corruption

فساد مقرف
سياسة مقرفة
مستوى مقرف
هذا ظلم

会話のきっかけ

"هل رأيت ذلك المنظر المقرف في الشارع؟"

"لماذا تعتقد أن هذا التصرف مقرف؟"

"ما هو أكثر طعام مقرف جربته في حياتك؟"

"هل تجد الجو اليوم مقرفاً مثلي؟"

"كيف تصف هذا الشخص؟ هل هو مقرف فعلاً؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن موقف رأيته وكان مقرفاً جداً.

ما هي العادات التي تجدها مقرفة ولماذا؟

صف مكاناً زرته وكان مقرفاً وغير نظيف.

لماذا يعتبر الكذب تصرفاً مقرفاً في رأيك؟

تحدث عن فيلم مقرف شاهدته مؤخراً.

よくある質問

10 問

No, it's not a swear word, but it's a very strong and blunt adjective. Using it to describe a person is considered quite rude and insulting.

Yes, but it's very offensive. It implies the person is morally or physically repulsive. Use it with caution.

Don't say 'Ana muqrif.' Say 'Ana qarfān' (dialect) or 'Ash'ur bi-l-qaraf' (formal).

The feminine form is 'muqrifa' (مقرفة). You use it for feminine nouns like 'raiha' (smell) or 'fikra' (idea).

They are very similar. 'Muqrif' is more common in speech, while 'muqazziz' is slightly more formal and emphasizes physical nausea.

Yes, if the weather is extremely unpleasant (like very humid or dusty), you can say 'Al-jaw muqrif'.

In formal Arabic, it's a deep 'k' in the throat. In many dialects, it's either a glottal stop (like the 'tt' in 'button') or a hard 'g'.

The root Q-R-F appears in the Quran (e.g., 'iqtarafa' - to commit a sin), but the specific adjective 'muqrif' is more modern.

No. For boring, use 'mumill'. 'Muqrif' is much stronger than just boring.

For people, 'muqrifūn'. For objects, 'muqrifāt' or just use the feminine singular 'muqrifa'.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る