このページをあなたの言語で
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A2 noun #600 よく出る 7分で読める

مَكْتَب

maktab
At the A1 level, 'Maktab' is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'desk'. Students learn to identify objects in a classroom or room. At this stage, you use it in simple nominal sentences like 'This is a desk' (Hādhā maktab) or 'The desk is small' (Al-maktab saghīr). The focus is on the physical object and basic possession, such as 'my desk' (maktabī). You will likely see it in pictures of a study room alongside words like 'chair' (kursī) and 'book' (kitāb). The goal is simply to recognize the word and its most common physical meaning.
At the A2 level, the meaning expands to include 'office'. You begin to use 'Maktab' in the context of daily routines and professions. You learn to say 'I go to the office' (Adhhabu ilā al-maktab) or 'I work in an office' (A'malu fī maktab). You also start to see the word in compound phrases like 'Maktab al-barīd' (Post office). Grammatically, you practice using prepositions like 'fī' (in) and 'ilā' (to) with the word, and you learn the broken plural 'makātib'. This level focuses on the word as a location for work and public services.
At the B1 level, you use 'Maktab' in more complex workplace scenarios. You might describe your office environment, talk about 'Maktab al-istiqbāl' (reception desk), or 'Maktab al-safar' (travel agency). You understand the distinction between 'Maktab' (the room) and 'Idāra' (the administration). You can handle social situations involving the word, such as making an appointment at someone's office. You also begin to recognize the root K-T-B and how 'Maktab' relates to 'Kitāb' (book) and 'Kātib' (writer), which helps in vocabulary building and understanding the logic of the language.
At the B2 level, 'Maktab' appears in professional and technical contexts. You might encounter it in business news or formal emails. It is used to refer to specific bureaus or departments, such as 'Maktab al-muḥāsaba' (Accounting office). You understand more abstract uses, such as 'Maktab al-tanshīṭ al-siyāḥī' (Tourism promotion office). At this stage, you are expected to use the word with correct case endings in formal speech and writing. You also learn to distinguish between different types of offices and use synonyms like 'Maqarr' (headquarters) or 'Diwān' (bureau) when appropriate for the register.
At the C1 level, you encounter 'Maktab' in sophisticated administrative, political, and literary texts. You understand its use in terms like 'Al-Maktab al-Siyāsī' (The Political Bureau), referring to the executive committee of a political party. You can discuss the nuances of bureaucracy and the historical evolution of the 'Maktab' from a scribe's station to a modern institution. You are comfortable with idiomatic expressions and can use the word in formal debates or academic essays regarding urban planning, labor, or history. Your understanding of the word is deeply tied to its cultural and institutional significance.
At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of the word 'Maktab' and its entire semantic field. You can appreciate the word's role in classical literature and its etymological journey through different eras of Arabic civilization. You understand subtle stylistic choices, such as why an author might choose 'Maktab' over 'Diwān' to convey a specific tone. You can use the word in highly specialized legal or diplomatic contexts, such as 'Maktab al-muddā'ī al-'āmm' (Office of the Attorney General). You are also aware of regional dialectal nuances and can navigate the word's usage across the entire Arab world with native-like precision.
練習する 例文 メモとヒント

مَكْتَب 30秒で

  • Maktab means both 'desk' and 'office' in Arabic.
  • It comes from the root K-T-B, which means 'to write'.
  • The plural form is 'makātib', which is a broken plural.
  • Do not confuse it with 'maktaba', which means 'library'.

The Arabic word مَكْتَب (Maktab) is a foundational noun in the Arabic language, derived from the prolific tri-consonantal root ك-ت-ب (K-T-B), which pertains to the act of writing. In its most literal sense, following the linguistic pattern of Maf'al (مَفْعَل)—which designates the 'place where an action occurs'—a Maktab is the place where writing happens. However, its modern application has bifurcated into two primary meanings: a physical piece of furniture (a desk) and a professional environment (an office).

The Physical Object
In a domestic or educational setting, maktab refers specifically to the desk where a student studies or an author writes. It implies a surface dedicated to intellectual labor.

أَضَعُ الكُتُبَ عَلَى الـمَكْتَب كُلَّ مَسَاء.
(I put the books on the desk every evening.)

The Professional Space
In a commercial or governmental context, maktab expands to mean an office, a bureau, or an agency. This can range from a single room to an entire department within a larger organization.

يَعْمَلُ أَحْمَد فِي مَكْتَبِ السِّيَاحَة.
(Ahmed works in the tourism office.)

Historically, the concept of the maktab evolved alongside the administrative needs of the Islamic caliphates. As bureaucracy expanded, the need for dedicated spaces for scribes (Kuttāb) became paramount. Today, the word is ubiquitous across the Arab world, from the high-rise corporate 'makātib' of Dubai to the small, wooden 'maktab' of a schoolchild in Cairo. It represents the transition from oral traditions to a culture of documentation and administration. In modern colloquialisms, one might hear 'Maktabi' to mean 'my office,' often used as a metonym for one's professional life or current whereabouts during working hours.

Administrative Bureau
The term is also used for specific service points, such as Maktab al-Barid (Post Office) or Maktab al-Safar (Travel Agency).

ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى مَكْتَبِ البَرِيدِ لِإِرْسَالِ طَرْد.
(I went to the post office to send a parcel.)

هَذَا الـمَكْتَب مَصْنُوعٌ مِنَ الخَشَبِ القَوِيّ.
(This desk is made of strong wood.)

Using مَكْتَب (Maktab) correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its common associations with prepositions. Because it can mean both a piece of furniture and a location, the context provided by surrounding verbs and prepositions is vital for clarity. When referring to the physical desk, we often use the preposition عَلَى ('ala - on). When referring to the office as a place of work, we use فِي (fi - in) or إِلَى (ila - to).

Possessive Forms
To say 'my office' or 'my desk', you add the suffix '-i': مَكْتَبِي (Maktabi). For 'your office' (masculine), use مَكْتَبُكَ (Maktabuka).

هَلْ أَنْتَ فِي مَكْتَبِكَ الآن؟
(Are you in your office now?)

In formal Arabic (Fusha), the word follows standard declension rules. As a subject (Marfu'), it ends in a damma (مَكْتَبُ). As an object (Mansub), it ends in a fatha (مَكْتَبَ). After a preposition (Majrur), it ends in a kasra (مَكْتَبِ). In spoken dialects, these endings are usually dropped, and the word is pronounced simply as 'Maktab'.

Describing the Maktab
Adjectives follow the noun in gender and number. Since Maktab is masculine, the adjective must also be masculine.

لَدَيَّ مَكْتَبٌ جَدِيدٌ وَمُرِيح.
(I have a new and comfortable desk/office.)

When using the plural Makātib, remember that non-human plurals are treated as feminine singular for adjective agreement. Thus, 'big offices' would be مَكَاتِب كَبِيرَة (Makātib kabīra).

تُوجَدُ مَكَاتِبُ كَثِيرَةٌ فِي هَذَا المَبْنَى.
(There are many offices in this building.)

نَظَّفْتُ مَكْتَبِي قَبْلَ الِاجْتِمَاع.
(I cleaned my desk before the meeting.)

The word مَكْتَب (Maktab) is a staple of daily life in Arabic-speaking societies. You will encounter it in diverse environments, from the sterile halls of government buildings to the bustling streets of commercial districts. In the workplace, it is the primary term for one's station. In the context of urban navigation, it is used to identify service centers.

In the Corporate World
Colleagues will ask 'Ayna maktabuka?' (Where is your office?) or say 'Ana fi al-maktab' (I am in the office). It defines the professional boundary.

سَأَنْتَظِرُكَ فِي مَكْتَبِ الِاسْتِقْبَال.
(I will wait for you at the reception desk.)

In governmental and administrative contexts, the word carries a weight of authority. A 'Maktab' can refer to a high-level bureau, such as the Maktab al-Ra'is (Office of the President). In this sense, it refers not just to a room, but to the administrative body and the staff within it. When people speak of 'the office' in this way, they are often referring to the bureaucratic process itself.

Public Services
Travelers will look for the Maktab al-Hajz (Booking Office) or Maktab al-Ma'lumat (Information Desk) at airports and train stations.

أَيْنَ مَكْتَبُ تَأْجِيرِ السَّيَّارَات؟
(Where is the car rental office?)

In educational settings, a teacher might tell a student to bring a book to their maktab. Here, it usually refers to the teacher's desk in the staff room. In a home setting, parents might tell their children to sit at the maktab to finish their homework. The word is so integrated into the concept of 'work' and 'study' that it is one of the first nouns learned by students of Arabic.

يَعْمَلُ وَالِدِي فِي مَكْتَبِ المُحَامَاة.
(My father works in a law office.)

For English speakers and new learners of Arabic, the most frequent error involving مَكْتَب (Maktab) is confusing it with its close linguistic relative, مَكْتَبَة (Maktaba). While they share the same root, the addition of the ta marbuta (ة) at the end changes the meaning from 'office/desk' to 'library/bookstore'.

The Library Confusion
Saying 'Ana fi al-maktaba' when you mean you are at work in your office will lead people to think you are surrounded by bookshelves and silence.

خَطَأ: أَذْهَبُ إِلَى الـمَكْتَبَة لِلْعَمَلِ كَمُحَاسِب.
(Mistake: I go to the library to work as an accountant.)

Another common mistake is the misuse of prepositions. In English, we say 'at the office'. In Arabic, the most natural preposition is فِي (fi - in). Using عِنْدَ ('inda - at/with) is usually reserved for people or specific landmarks, not the office building itself.

Plural Irregularity
Learners often try to pluralize it as Maktabat (مَكْتَبَات). However, Maktabat is the plural of Maktaba (libraries). The correct plural for Maktab is the broken plural مَكَاتِب (Makātib).

صَحِيح: اِشْتَرَتِ الشَّرِكَةُ مَكَاتِبَ جَدِيدَة.
(Correct: The company bought new desks/offices.)

Finally, be aware of regional variations. While Maktab is universal, in some very specific contexts like high-level government administration in North Africa, you might hear Idara (administration) used where an English speaker might expect 'office'. However, using Maktab is never wrong.

خَطَأ: نَحْنُ نَجْلِسُ فِي الـمَكْتَبَات لِلرَّاحَة.
(Mistake: We sit in the libraries for rest - when meaning offices.)

While مَكْتَب (Maktab) is the most common word for office and desk, Arabic offers several synonyms and related terms that provide more specific nuances depending on the context of the work or the nature of the space.

إِدَارَة (Idāra) - Administration/Management
While a Maktab is the physical room, Idāra refers to the administrative department or the management office. You go to the Idāra to handle paperwork or HR issues.

عَلَيْكَ مُرَاجَعَةُ الإِدَارَة لِتَوْقِيعِ العَقْد.
(You must check with the administration to sign the contract.)

دِيوَان (Dīwān) - Bureau/Chancellery
This is a more formal and historical term. It is often used for high-level governmental offices, such as the Dīwān al-Malakī (The Royal Court/Office).

صَدَرَ القَرَارُ مِنَ الـدِّيوَان الرِّئَاسِيّ.
(The decision was issued by the Presidential Bureau.)

For the physical desk, if you are referring to a small table or a stand, you might use Tāwila (طَاوِلَة), which is the general word for table. However, Maktab specifically implies a table used for work or writing.

مَقَرّ (Maqarr) - Headquarters/Seat
If you are referring to the main office of a large corporation, Maqarr is more appropriate. It signifies the central location or base of operations.

يَقَعُ مَقَرُّ الشَّرِكَةِ فِي وَسَطِ المَدِينَة.
(The company headquarters is located in the city center.)

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"يُرْجَى التَّوَجُّهُ إِلَى مَكْتَبِ السِّجِلِّ المَدَنِيّ."

ニュートラル

"أَنَا فِي المَكْتَبِ الآن."

カジュアル

"تَعَالَ مَكْتَبِي نِشْرَب قَهْوَة."

Child friendly

"اجْلِسْ عَلَى المَكْتَبِ وَاكْتُبْ دَرْسَكَ."

スラング

"شُغْل مَكَاتِب."

豆知識

In the early Islamic period, a 'Maktab' (or Kuttab) was primarily a place where children learned to write and memorize the Quran. It wasn't until the modern era that it became the standard word for a business office.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈmæktæb/
US /ˈmæktæb/
Primary stress is on the first syllable: MAK-tab.
韻が合う語
Mal'ab (Playground) Markab (Boat) Mashrab (Drinking place) Mat'ab (Tiring place) Madhab (Doctrine) Makasab (Gains) Mawkab (Procession) Manasab (Occasion)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing it as 'mak-TAB' with stress on the second syllable.
  • Confusing the 'k' sound with a 'q' (Maqtab), which is incorrect.
  • Adding an extra vowel sound between 'k' and 't' (Mak-e-tab).

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to read; follows standard patterns.

ライティング 2/5

Simple to write, but remember the 'k' and 't' sequence.

スピーキング 1/5

Easy to pronounce; very common in daily speech.

リスニング 2/5

Easy to hear, but distinguish from 'Maktaba'.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

كَتَبَ (To write) كِتَاب (Book) فِي (In) عَلَى (On)

次に学ぶ

مَكْتَبَة (Library) مُدِير (Manager) شَرِكَة (Company) عَمَل (Work)

上級

بَيْرُوقْرَاطِيَّة (Bureaucracy) دِيوَان (Bureau) مَقَرّ (Headquarters)

知っておくべき文法

Noun of Place (Ism Makān)

Maktab follows the 'Maf'al' pattern, meaning 'place of writing'.

Idafa Construction

Maktab al-Mudir (The Manager's Office) - the first word loses tanween.

Broken Plural

Maktab -> Makātib. This follows the 'Mafā'il' pattern.

Adjective Agreement

Maktab kabīr (masculine) vs. Makātib kabīra (non-human plural treated as feminine singular).

Prepositions

Fi al-maktab (in the office) vs. 'Ala al-maktab (on the desk).

レベル別の例文

1

هَذَا مَكْتَبٌ.

This is a desk.

Simple nominal sentence with a masculine noun.

2

المَكْتَبُ صَغِيرٌ.

The desk is small.

Definite noun followed by a masculine adjective.

3

أَيْنَ المَكْتَبُ؟

Where is the desk?

Interrogative sentence using 'Ayna'.

4

مَكْتَبِي نَظِيفٌ.

My desk is clean.

Noun with the first-person possessive suffix '-i'.

5

الكِتَابُ عَلَى المَكْتَبِ.

The book is on the desk.

Use of the preposition 'ala' (on) which makes the noun majrur (kasra).

6

هَذَا مَكْتَبُكَ.

This is your desk.

Noun with the second-person masculine possessive suffix '-ka'.

7

عِنْدِي مَكْتَبٌ خَشَبِيّ.

I have a wooden desk.

Use of 'indi' (I have) with an indefinite noun and adjective.

8

المَكْتَبُ فِي الغُرْفَةِ.

The desk is in the room.

Prepositional phrase indicating location.

1

أَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَكْتَبِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ.

I go to the office every day.

Present tense verb followed by 'ila' and the noun 'office'.

2

يَعْمَلُ أَبِي فِي مَكْتَبٍ كَبِيرٍ.

My father works in a big office.

Verb-Subject-Object order with an indefinite noun and adjective.

3

مَكْتَبُ البَرِيدِ قَرِيبٌ مِنْ هُنَا.

The post office is near here.

Idafa construction (Maktab al-Barid).

4

اشْتَرَيْتُ مَكْتَبًا جَدِيدًا لِلدِّرَاسَةِ.

I bought a new desk for studying.

Past tense verb with the noun as a direct object (mansub).

5

هَلْ مَكْتَبُكَ بَعِيدٌ عَنِ البَيْتِ؟

Is your office far from the house?

Question about distance using 'ba'id 'an'.

6

نَحْنُ نَجْلِسُ فِي المَكْتَبِ الآن.

We are sitting in the office now.

Present continuous sense with 'nahnu' and 'fi'.

7

مَكْتَبُ المُدِيرِ فِي الطَّابِقِ الثَّانِي.

The manager's office is on the second floor.

Idafa construction followed by a prepositional phrase.

8

أُرِيدُ مَكْتَبًا لَهُ أَدْرَاجٌ كَثِيرَة.

I want a desk that has many drawers.

Indefinite noun followed by a relative description.

1

يُوجَدُ مَكْتَبُ اسْتِقْبَالٍ فِي مَدْخَلِ الفُنْدُق.

There is a reception desk at the hotel entrance.

Use of 'yujad' (there is) with a compound noun.

2

حَجَزْتُ التَّذَاكِرَ مِنْ مَكْتَبِ السَّفَر.

I booked the tickets from the travel agency.

Compound noun 'Maktab al-Safar'.

3

مَكْتَبِي مُرَتَّبٌ جِدًّا هَذَا الصَّبَاح.

My office is very organized this morning.

Adjective 'murattab' (organized) describing the office.

4

هَلْ يُمْكِنُنِي تَرْكُ الرِّسَالَةِ عَلَى مَكْتَبِكَ؟

Can I leave the letter on your desk?

Modal expression 'hal yumkinuni' with a masdar.

5

المَكَاتِبُ فِي هَذِهِ الشَّرِكَةِ حَدِيثَةٌ.

The offices in this company are modern.

Plural 'makātib' treated as feminine singular for the adjective 'haditha'.

6

اِتَّصِلْ بِمَكْتَبِ الِاسْتِعْلَامَاتِ لِلْمَزِيدِ مِنَ التَّفَاصِيل.

Call the information desk for more details.

Imperative verb followed by a compound noun.

7

نَقَلْنَا المَكْتَبَ إِلَى غُرْفَةٍ أُخْرَى.

We moved the desk to another room.

Past tense verb with a definite direct object.

8

مَكْتَبُ المُحَامَاةِ مُغْلَقٌ اليَوْم.

The law office is closed today.

Compound noun 'Maktab al-Muhamah'.

1

تَمَّ تَعْيِينُهُ رَئِيسًا لِلْمَكْتَبِ التَّنْفِيذِيّ.

He was appointed as the head of the executive office.

Passive construction 'tamma ta'yinuhu' with a formal title.

2

يَجِبُ تَنْظِيمُ المَكَاتِبِ لِتَحْسِينِ بِيئَةِ العَمَل.

Offices must be organized to improve the work environment.

Use of 'yajibu' with a masdar and plural noun.

3

أَصْدَرَ المَكْتَبُ الإِعْلَامِيُّ بَيَانًا صَحَفِيًّا.

The media office issued a press release.

Formal administrative term 'Al-Maktab al-I'lami'.

4

تَعْمَلُ الشَّرِكَةُ عَلَى فَتْحِ مَكَاتِبَ جَدِيدَةٍ فِي الخَارِج.

The company is working on opening new offices abroad.

Plural noun in a diptote-like position (mafā'il pattern).

5

يُشْرِفُ المَكْتَبُ الفَنِّيُّ عَلَى تَصْمِيمِ المَشْرُوع.

The technical office supervises the project design.

Present tense verb 'yushrifu' (supervises).

6

هَذَا المَكْتَبُ يَتَمَتَّعُ بِإِطْلَالَةٍ رَائِعَةٍ عَلَى البَحْر.

This office enjoys a wonderful view of the sea.

Verb 'yatamatta'u' (enjoys/features) with a prepositional phrase.

7

تَمَّ تَجْهِيزُ المَكْتَبِ بِأَحْدَثِ التِّقْنِيَات.

The office was equipped with the latest technologies.

Passive construction with 'tamma' and 'tajhiz'.

8

يُعْتَبَرُ المَكْتَبُ السِّيَاسِيُّ أَعْلَى سُلْطَةٍ فِي الحِزْب.

The political bureau is considered the highest authority in the party.

Passive verb 'yu'tabaru' (is considered).

1

انْعَقَدَ اجْتِمَاعُ المَكْتَبِ الدَّائِمِ لِمُنَاقَشَةِ المِيزَانِيَّة.

The meeting of the permanent bureau was held to discuss the budget.

Reflexive verb 'in'aqada' (was held/convened).

2

يُؤَدِّي المَكْتَبُ دَوْرًا مِحْوَرِيًّا فِي التَّنْسِيقِ بَيْنَ الفُرُوع.

The office plays a pivotal role in coordination between branches.

Complex sentence with an active participle 'mihwari' (pivotal).

3

تَمَّتْ أَرْشَفَةُ جَمِيعِ الوَثَائِقِ فِي مَكْتَبِ السِّجِلِّ العَقَارِيّ.

All documents were archived in the real estate registry office.

Passive construction with a specific administrative term.

4

يَعْكِسُ تَصْمِيمُ المَكْتَبِ هُوِيَّةَ الشَّرِكَةِ وَقِيَمَهَا.

The office design reflects the company's identity and values.

Verb 'ya'kisu' (reflects) with abstract objects.

5

قَامَ المَكْتَبُ بِإِجْرَاءِ دِرَاسَةٍ شَامِلَةٍ لِلسُّوق.

The office conducted a comprehensive market study.

Use of 'qama bi' (conducted/performed).

6

تَتَطَلَّبُ الوَظِيفَةُ التَّوَاجُدَ فِي المَكْتَبِ لِسَاعَاتٍ طَوِيلَة.

The job requires being in the office for long hours.

Verb 'tatatallabu' (requires) with a masdar.

7

يُدِيرُ المَكْتَبُ الإِقْلِيمِيُّ عَمَلِيَّاتِ الشَّرِكَةِ فِي الشَّرْقِ الأَوْسَط.

The regional office manages the company's operations in the Middle East.

Verb 'yudiru' (manages) with a geographical context.

8

تَمَّ تَقْلِيصُ عَدَدِ المَكَاتِبِ لِتَوْفِيرِ النَّفَقَات.

The number of offices was reduced to save expenses.

Passive construction 'tamma taqlis' (was reduced).

1

تَجَلَّتْ بَيْرُوقْرَاطِيَّةُ المَكْتَبِ فِي تَأْخِيرِ صُدُورِ التَّصَارِيح.

The office's bureaucracy manifested in the delay of issuing permits.

Abstract noun 'bayruqratiyya' (bureaucracy) in an idafa.

2

يُعَدُّ المَكْتَبُ السِّيَاسِيُّ بِمَثَابَةِ العَقْلِ المُدَبِّرِ لِلْحَرَكَة.

The political bureau is considered the mastermind of the movement.

Metaphorical usage 'bi-mathabat al-'aql al-mudabbir'.

3

اسْتَطَاعَ البَاحِثُ النَّفَاذَ إِلَى مَكَاتِبِ الأَرْشِيفِ السِّرِّيّ.

The researcher managed to gain access to the secret archive offices.

Verb 'istata'a' with the masdar 'al-nafadh' (access/penetration).

4

تَضَارَبَتِ الأَنْبَاءُ الوَارِدَةُ مِنْ مَكْتَبِ رِئَاسَةِ الوُزَرَاء.

The news coming from the Prime Minister's office was conflicting.

Verb 'tadarabat' (conflicted) with a complex idafa.

5

يُشَكِّلُ المَكْتَبُ الفَنِّيُّ لَبِنَةً أَسَاسِيَّةً فِي صَرْحِ المَشْرُوع.

The technical office forms a fundamental brick in the edifice of the project.

Metaphorical usage 'labina asasiyya' (fundamental brick).

6

تَمَّتْ صِيَاغَةُ الِاتِّفَاقِيَّةِ فِي مَكَاتِبِ الأُمَمِ المُتَّحِدَة.

The agreement was drafted in the United Nations offices.

Passive construction 'tammat siyagha' (was drafted).

7

يَسْعَى المَكْتَبُ إِلَى تَرْسِيخِ مَفَاهِيمِ الشَّفَافِيَّةِ وَالنَّزَاهَة.

The office seeks to consolidate the concepts of transparency and integrity.

Verb 'yas'a' (seeks) with abstract masdars.

8

أَثَارَ تَقْرِيرُ المَكْتَبِ الوَطَنِيِّ لِلرَّقَابَةِ جَدَلًا وَاسِعًا.

The report of the National Audit Office sparked widespread controversy.

Verb 'athara' (sparked/raised) with a formal entity name.

よく使う組み合わせ

مَكْتَبُ البَرِيد
مَكْتَبُ السَّفَر
مَكْتَبُ المُحَامَاة
مَكْتَبُ الِاسْتِقْبَال
مَكْتَبُ المُدِير
مَكْتَبُ التَّحْقِيق
مَكْتَبُ الصِّرَافَة
مَكْتَبُ الهَنْدَسَة
مَكْتَبُ العَمَل
مَكْتَبُ العَقَارَات

よく使うフレーズ

أَنَا فِي المَكْتَب

مَكْتَبِي مَفْتُوح

خَارِج المَكْتَب

عَلَى مَكْتَبِكَ

مِنْ مَكْتَبِ...

مَكْتَبُ الِاسْتِعْلَامَات

سَاعَات المَكْتَب

مَكْتَبُ التَّسْجِيل

مَكْتَبُ التَّوْظِيف

مَكْتَبُ الصِّحَافَة

よく混同される語

مَكْتَب vs مَكْتَبَة

Means library or bookstore. This is the most common confusion.

مَكْتَب vs مَكْتُوب

Means 'written' or 'destiny'. It shares the same root but is an adjective/noun.

مَكْتَب vs كُتَّاب

An old term for a Quranic school for children.

慣用句と表現

"مِنْ وَرَاءِ المَكْتَب"

From behind the desk. Refers to someone who makes decisions without practical experience.

لَا يُمْكِنُكَ فَهْمُ السُّوقِ مِنْ وَرَاءِ المَكْتَب.

Critical

"مَكْتَبُهُ دَائِمًا مَفْتُوح"

His office is always open. Idiom for being welcoming and accessible.

المُدِيرُ رَجُلٌ طَيِّب، مَكْتَبُهُ دَائِمًا مَفْتُوح.

Praising

"أَسِيرُ المَكْتَب"

Prisoner of the desk. Refers to someone who works too much or is stuck in clerical work.

أَصْبَحْتُ أَسِيرَ المَكْتَبِ وَنَسِيتُ الحَيَاةَ الخَارِجِيَّة.

Informal

"مَكْتَبُ التَّحْقِيقِ الفِيدْرَالِيّ"

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The standard translation for the US agency.

يَعْمَلُ فِي مَكْتَبِ التَّحْقِيقِ الفِيدْرَالِيّ.

Formal

"مَكْتَبُ العَمَلِ وَالعُمَّال"

Labor office. Often refers to the government body managing labor laws.

تَوَجَّهَ إِلَى مَكْتَبِ العَمَلِ لِتَقْدِيمِ شَكْوَى.

Legal

"مَكْتَبُ العُقُود"

Contract office. Where legal agreements are finalized.

تَمَّ تَوْثِيقُ البَيْعِ فِي مَكْتَبِ العُقُود.

Formal

"مَكْتَبُ الرَّأْي"

Opinion bureau. Sometimes used for editorial departments.

كَتَبَ مَقَالًا لِمَكْتَبِ الرَّأْيِ فِي الجَرِيدَة.

Journalistic

"مَكْتَبُ التَّنْسِيق"

Coordination office. Common in educational placement systems.

انْتَظَرَ الطَّالِبُ نَتِيجَةَ مَكْتَبِ التَّنْسِيق.

Educational

"مَكْتَبُ الخِدْمَة"

Service desk. General term for customer support.

تَوَجَّهْ إِلَى مَكْتَبِ الخِدْمَةِ لِلْمُسَاعَدَة.

Neutral

"مَكْتَبُ العَلَاقَاتِ العَامَّة"

Public Relations (PR) office.

يَعْمَلُ فِي مَكْتَبِ العَلَاقَاتِ العَامَّة.

Professional

間違えやすい

مَكْتَب vs مَكْتَبَة

Similar spelling and root.

Maktab is a desk/office; Maktaba is a library/bookstore. The 'a' at the end is key.

أَدْرُسُ فِي المَكْتَبَةِ وَأَعْمَلُ فِي المَكْتَب.

مَكْتَب vs طَاوِلَة

Both can mean a table.

Tawila is any table (dining, etc.); Maktab is specifically for work/writing.

نَأْكُلُ عَلَى الطَّاوِلَةِ وَنَكْتُبُ عَلَى المَكْتَب.

مَكْتَب vs إِدَارَة

Both relate to workplace.

Maktab is the physical room; Idara is the administrative function or department.

مَكْتَبِي فِي قِسْمِ الإِدَارَة.

مَكْتَب vs مَقَرّ

Both mean a place of work.

Maqarr is a headquarters or main base; Maktab is a general office.

مَقَرُّ الشَّرِكَةِ يَضُمُّ مَكَاتِبَ كَثِيرَة.

مَكْتَب vs غُرْفَة

An office is a room.

Ghurfa is any room; Maktab is specifically an office.

هَذِهِ الغُرْفَةُ هِيَ مَكْتَبِي.

文型パターン

A1

هَذَا [مَكْتَب].

هَذَا مَكْتَب.

A2

أَنَا فِي الـ[مَكْتَب].

أَنَا فِي المَكْتَب.

B1

أَذْهَبُ إِلَى [مَكْتَب] الـ[اسم].

أَذْهَبُ إِلَى مَكْتَبِ البَرِيد.

B2

تَمَّ [فعل] فِي الـ[مَكْتَب].

تَمَّ الِاجْتِمَاعُ فِي المَكْتَب.

C1

يُعَدُّ الـ[مَكْتَب] الـ[صفة] مَرْكَزًا لِـ[اسم].

يُعَدُّ المَكْتَبُ الإِعْلَامِيُّ مَرْكَزًا لِلْأَخْبَار.

C2

تَجَلَّتْ [اسم] فِي أَرْوِقَةِ الـ[مَكْتَب].

تَجَلَّتِ الدِّبْلُومَاسِيَّةُ فِي أَرْوِقَةِ المَكْتَب.

A2

عِنْدِي [مَكْتَب] [صفة].

عِنْدِي مَكْتَبٌ جَمِيل.

B1

ضَعِ الـ[اسم] عَلَى الـ[مَكْتَب].

ضَعِ الكِتَابَ عَلَى المَكْتَب.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

関連

使い方

frequency

Extremely high; one of the top 500 nouns in Arabic.

よくある間違い
  • Using 'Maktaba' for office. → Maktab

    Maktaba means library. This is a very common error for beginners.

  • Pluralizing as 'Maktabat'. → Makātib

    Maktabat is the plural of library (Maktaba). The plural of office (Maktab) is Makātib.

  • Using 'at' (عِنْدَ) for 'in the office'. → فِي المَكْتَب

    In Arabic, you are 'in' (fi) the office, not 'at' ('inda) it.

  • Applying feminine adjectives to 'Maktab'. → Maktab kabīr

    Maktab is masculine, so it needs a masculine adjective.

  • Confusing 'Maktab' with 'Kuttāb'. → Maktab

    Kuttāb is a plural for writers or a traditional school; Maktab is an office/desk.

ヒント

Plural Agreement

When using the plural 'Makātib', remember that adjectives should be feminine singular (e.g., Makātib jamīla) because it is a non-human plural.

Root Learning

Learning the root K-T-B will help you remember Maktab (office), Kitab (book), and Katib (writer) all at once.

The 'K' Sound

Make sure the 'K' in Maktab is a light 'k' sound, not a deep 'q' sound from the throat.

Office Etiquette

In the Arab world, an office is a social space. Expect to offer or be offered tea/coffee.

Spelling Check

Don't forget the 't' (ت) after the 'k' (ك). It's Mak-tab, not Makab.

Idafa Use

When saying 'The Manager's Office', use 'Maktab al-Mudir' without 'al' on the first word.

Visual Cue

Visualize a desk with a book on it to remember both Maktab and Kitab.

Phone Calls

When answering the phone at work, you can say 'Maktab [Your Name]' to identify your station.

News Terms

Look out for 'Al-Maktab al-Siyasi' in news headlines to see the word in a political context.

Versatility

Remember that 'Maktab' is one of the most useful words for both students and professionals.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'MAK-ing a TAB'. You go to your desk (Maktab) to make a tab on your work or write something down.

視覚的連想

Imagine a large wooden desk with a giant 'K' (for Kitab/Book) carved into it. This is your Maktab.

Word Web

Writing Desk Office Paper Manager Work Bureau Agency

チャレンジ

Try to label your desk at home with a sticky note that says 'مَكْتَب' and use the word every time you sit down to work.

語源

Derived from the Arabic root K-T-B (ك-ت-ب), which is common across Semitic languages (Hebrew: K-T-V). The root fundamentally relates to the act of inscribing, writing, or documenting.

元の意味： The place where writing is performed.

Afroasiatic, Semitic, Central Semitic, Arabic.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that 'Maktab' is a very formal environment in some contexts; always use polite forms of address when entering someone's office.

In English, we distinguish between 'desk' and 'office'. In Arabic, 'Maktab' covers both, which can be confusing at first.

The 'Political Bureau' (Al-Maktab al-Siyasi) is a term used by many political movements in the Middle East. The 'Maktab al-Barid' (Post Office) is a classic setting in Arabic literature and film. Naguib Mahfouz's novels often feature the 'Maktab' as a setting for bureaucratic life.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At Work

  • أَيْنَ مَكْتَبُكَ؟
  • المُدِيرُ فِي مَكْتَبِهِ.
  • نَظِّفِ المَكْتَب.
  • اجْتِمَاعٌ فِي المَكْتَب.

At Home

  • هَذَا مَكْتَبُ الدِّرَاسَة.
  • ضَعِ القَلَمَ عَلَى المَكْتَب.
  • اشْتَرَيْنَا مَكْتَبًا لِلْأَطْفَال.
  • المَكْتَبُ فِي الزَّاوِيَة.

Traveling

  • مَكْتَبُ السَّيَاحَة
  • مَكْتَبُ حَجْزِ التَّذَاكِر
  • مَكْتَبُ المَفْقُودَات
  • مَكْتَبُ تَأْجِيرِ السَّيَّارَات

Government/Services

  • مَكْتَبُ البَرِيد
  • مَكْتَبُ الصِّرَافَة
  • مَكْتَبُ الشَّكَاوَى
  • مَكْتَبُ التَّسْجِيل

Politics/News

  • المَكْتَبُ السِّيَاسِي
  • مَكْتَبُ الرِّئَاسَة
  • مَكْتَبُ الإِعْلَام
  • بَيَانٌ مِنَ المَكْتَب

会話のきっかけ

"هَلْ تُحِبُّ العَمَلَ فِي المَكْتَبِ أَمْ مِنَ البَيْتِ؟ (Do you like working in the office or from home?)"

"كَيْفَ هُوَ مَكْتَبُكَ الجَدِيد؟ (How is your new office/desk?)"

"أَيْنَ يَقَعُ مَكْتَبُ الشَّرِكَةِ الرَّئِيسِيّ؟ (Where is the company's main office located?)"

"هَلْ مَكْتَبُكَ مُرَتَّبٌ أَمْ فَوْضَوِيّ؟ (Is your desk organized or messy?)"

"مَتَى تَذْهَبُ إِلَى المَكْتَبِ عَادَةً؟ (When do you usually go to the office?)"

日記のテーマ

صِفْ مَكْتَبَ أَحْلَامِكَ. (Describe your dream office/desk.)

مَاذَا يُوجَدُ عَلَى مَكْتَبِكَ الآن؟ (What is on your desk right now?)

تَحَدَّثْ عَنْ يَوْمٍ شَاقٍّ قَضَيْتَهُ فِي المَكْتَب. (Talk about a hard day you spent in the office.)

هَلْ تَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ المَكَاتِبَ سَتَخْتَفِي فِي المُسْتَقْبَل؟ (Do you think offices will disappear in the future?)

كَيْفَ تُنَظِّمُ مَكْتَبَكَ لِتَكُونَ أَكْثَرَ إِنْتَاجِيَّة؟ (How do you organize your desk to be more productive?)

よくある質問

10 問

No, it can also mean a physical desk. The context usually makes it clear. If you say 'the book is on the maktab', it means desk. If you say 'I am going to the maktab', it usually means office.

The plural is 'Makātib' (مَكَاتِب). It is a broken plural, which is common for this word pattern.

Maktab (مَكْتَب) is an office or desk. Maktaba (مَكْتَبَة) is a library or bookstore. The 'ta marbuta' (ة) at the end of Maktaba changes the meaning.

It is masculine. Therefore, adjectives describing it must also be masculine (e.g., Maktab kabīr).

It is 'Maktab al-Barīd' (مَكْتَبُ البَرِيد).

Historically, yes (as 'Kuttab'), but in modern Arabic, 'Madrasa' is used for school, and 'Maktab' is for office/desk.

Add the suffix '-i': 'Maktabī' (مَكْتَبِي).

The root is K-T-B (ك-ت-ب), which relates to writing.

Yes, it is a universal word used from Morocco to Iraq, though pronunciation may vary slightly.

It is 'Maktab al-Istiqbāl' (مَكْتَبُ الِاسْتِقْبَال).

自分をテスト 99 問

writing

Write a sentence in Arabic using 'Maktab' to mean 'desk'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence in Arabic using 'Maktab' to mean 'office'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate to Arabic: 'Where is the post office?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Pronounce 'Maktab' correctly and explain its two meanings.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen to the word: 'Maktaba'. Is this an office?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:

/ 99 correct

Perfect score!

関連コンテンツ

役に立った？

コメント (0)

ログインしてコメント
まだコメントがありません。最初に考えをシェアしましょう！