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مِلْكِيَّة

B1 noun #7,500 よく出る 9分で読める

مِلْكِيَّة

milkiyyah 上位7,500

練習する例文メモとヒント مِلْكِيَّة 30秒で

解説 مِلْكِيَّة in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the complex legal definitions of 'Milkiyya'. Instead, think of it as the big brother of the word 'my' or 'mine'. When you say 'My car' (Sayyarati), you are expressing the idea of ownership. 'Milkiyya' is the formal word for that relationship. In very simple terms, it means 'the state of owning something'. You might see this word on a simple form when you are registering for something, like a library card or a school account, usually next to your name to show that you 'own' that account. It is a good word to recognize early on because it appears on many official documents. Just remember: it is about what belongs to you. If you have a toy, a book, or a bag, you have 'ownership' of it. In Arabic, we use this formal word to talk about that special link between a person and their things. Even at this level, try to remember the sound: 'Mil-kee-yah'. It sounds a bit like the English word 'Milk', but it has nothing to do with drinking! It is all about 'Mine'.

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As an A2 learner, you are starting to deal with more real-world situations, like renting an apartment or buying a phone. 'Milkiyya' becomes more useful here. You might hear a shopkeeper talk about the 'Milkiyya' of a phone to mean its warranty or legal registration. You should start to recognize the phrase 'Milkiyya khassa' (private ownership) in simple news stories or signs. For example, a sign might say 'Milkiyya khassa - Mamnu' al-dukhul' (Private Property - No Entry). This is a very common use of the word that you will see in any Arabic-speaking country. You are also learning how to describe things, so remember that 'Milkiyya' is a feminine word. If you want to say 'clear ownership', you would say 'Milkiyya wadiha'. At this level, you are moving from just saying 'This is mine' to understanding that there is a formal word for the concept of owning something. It is a step toward more professional and adult Arabic.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand and use 'Milkiyya' in its standard legal and social contexts. This is the level where you distinguish between 'possession' (just holding something) and 'ownership' (having the legal right to it). You will encounter this word frequently in discussions about the economy, social rights, and real estate. You should be able to use it in an 'Idafa' construction, like 'Milkiyyat al-bayt' (ownership of the house). You will also start using it with more complex adjectives, like 'Milkiyya fikriyya' (intellectual property). If you are reading a newspaper in Arabic, you will see 'Milkiyya' in articles about companies being sold or land being disputed. You should also be aware of the difference between 'Milkiyya' and 'Malakiyya' (monarchy) to avoid embarrassing mistakes. This word is a key part of your vocabulary for discussing how society is organized and how people's rights are protected by the law. It is no longer just about 'my stuff'; it is about 'the legal right to property'.

For B2 learners, 'Milkiyya' is a versatile tool for debating and analyzing complex topics. You should be comfortable discussing 'Naql al-milkiyya' (transfer of ownership) in a business context or 'Haq al-milkiyya' (the right of ownership) in a human rights context. You will encounter the word in more abstract settings, such as 'Milkiyyat al-bayanat' (data ownership) or 'Milkiyyat al-shifra' (code ownership). At this level, you should understand the nuances of how 'Milkiyya' interacts with other legal terms like 'Intifa'' (usufruct) or 'Rahn' (mortgage). You might be asked to write an essay on privatization, where you would use terms like 'Khas-khasat al-milkiyya' (privatization of ownership). Your pronunciation should be precise, clearly articulating the Shadda on the 'ya'. You are now using the word not just to describe a fact, but to argue a point or explain a legal process. You understand that 'Milkiyya' is a cornerstone of civil law and economic theory in the Arab world.

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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'Milkiyya' should include its historical and philosophical depths. You should be able to discuss the evolution of 'Milkiyya' from Islamic Sharia principles (like 'Miri' land vs. 'Mulkh' land) to modern Western-influenced civil codes. You will use the word in sophisticated academic or legal writing. You might analyze 'Al-milkiyya al-mushtaraka' (joint ownership) in complex inheritance cases or 'Milkiyyat al-ajanib' (foreign ownership) laws in various jurisdictions. You are expected to recognize the word in classical texts where it might have slightly different connotations related to sovereignty and dominion. Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'Istihwadh' (acquisition) and 'Tamalluk' (taking possession), and you should know exactly when to use 'Milkiyya' instead of them. You can participate in high-level discussions about the social responsibility of ownership or the ethics of intellectual property in the digital age. The word is now a precise instrument in your linguistic toolbox.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 'Milkiyya' and all its legal, political, and philosophical implications. You can navigate the most dense legal contracts or judicial rulings where 'Milkiyya' is defined and redefined. You understand the subtle differences in how the term is used across different Arab dialects and legal systems (e.g., the difference between 'Milkiyya' in the Moroccan Moudawana vs. the Egyptian Civil Code). You can discuss the deconstruction of ownership in political philosophy or the intricacies of 'Milkiyya ghair maddiya' (intangible property). You are capable of using the word in rhetorical and literary contexts, perhaps using it metaphorically to describe the 'ownership' of one's destiny or identity. Your mastery includes the ability to explain the term to others, including its etymological roots in the Semitic M-L-K and its relationship to concepts of power and authority. 'Milkiyya' is no longer just a word; it is a concept you can manipulate with total precision and cultural sensitivity.

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مِلْكِيَّة 30秒で

Milkiyya means ownership or property rights in Arabic, essential for legal and business contexts.
It is a feminine noun derived from the root M-L-K, related to possessing and ruling.
Commonly used in phrases like 'Intellectual Property' (Milkiyya Fikriyya) and 'Private Property' (Milkiyya Khassa).
Must be distinguished from 'Malakiyya' (Monarchy) which has a different vowel sound.

The Arabic word مِلْكِيَّة (Milkiyya) is a fundamental term in the Arabic language that encompasses the broad concept of ownership, property rights, and the legal status of possessing something. Derived from the tri-consonantal root M-L-K (م-ل-ك), which relates to possessing, ruling, or having power over something, the addition of the suffix -iyya transforms it into an abstract noun representing the state or quality of being an owner. In modern contexts, it is most frequently encountered in legal, economic, and real estate discussions, though its conceptual roots reach deep into classical jurisprudence and social structure. When you use this word, you are not just talking about having an item in your hand; you are referring to the systemic and legal recognition of that possession.

Legal Context: In law, it refers to the title or deed. For example, 'Milkiyyat al-ard' refers specifically to land ownership titles.
Intellectual Property: The term 'Al-Milkiyya al-Fikriyya' is the standard translation for Intellectual Property (IP), covering copyrights and patents.
Economic Systems: Used to distinguish between 'Milkiyya khassa' (private property) and 'Milkiyya 'amma' (public property) in political science.

Understanding Milkiyya requires distinguishing it from simple possession (Hiyaza). While Hiyaza might mean you are currently holding or using something, Milkiyya implies the ultimate legal right to dispose of it, sell it, or pass it on. This distinction is crucial in Arabic-speaking courts and business transactions. Historically, the concept has evolved from tribal notions of territory to the highly codified land laws of the Ottoman era, and finally to modern civil codes found in countries like Egypt, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. Today, if you are buying a car or a house in an Arabic-speaking country, the most important document you will handle is the Sanad al-Milkiyya (Title Deed).

تعتبر مِلْكِيَّة الأرض حقاً مقدساً في القوانين المحلية.

Translation: Land ownership is considered a sacred right in local laws.

Furthermore, the word is used in the context of corporate structures. 'Milkiyyat al-ashum' refers to share ownership in a company. In the digital age, we see it appearing in discussions about 'Milkiyyat al-bayanat' (data ownership), reflecting how the term adapts to new technological realities. Whether you are navigating a real estate deal in Dubai or discussing socialist theory in a university in Cairo, Milkiyya is the indispensable term for defining who owns what and by what right they do so.

يجب إثبات مِلْكِيَّة العلامة التجارية قبل تسجيلها.

تم نقل مِلْكِيَّة الشركة إلى المستثمرين الجدد.

تدافع المنظمة عن حقوق الْمِلْكِيَّة الفكرية للمبدعين.

تختلف قوانين الْمِلْكِيَّة من بلد إلى آخر.

Using مِلْكِيَّة correctly involves understanding its role as a noun that often initiates an Idafa construction (possessive structure). In Arabic grammar, the word Milkiyya frequently comes before another noun to specify what is being owned. For instance, 'Milkiyyat al-manzil' (ownership of the house). It can also be modified by adjectives to describe the type of ownership, such as 'Milkiyya mutlaqa' (absolute ownership) or 'Milkiyya mushtaraka' (joint ownership). Because it ends in a Taa Marbuta (ة), it is a feminine noun, meaning any adjectives following it must also be feminine.

As a Subject: 'Al-milkiyya al-khassa muqaddasa' (Private ownership is sacred). Here it functions as the Mubtada (topic).
As an Object: 'Abtala al-qadi milkiyyat al-ard' (The judge annulled the ownership of the land). Here it is the Maf'ul Bihi (object).
In Prepositional Phrases: 'Bahathna fi milkiyyat al-shirika' (We researched the ownership of the company).

One of the most common ways you will see this word used is in bureaucratic forms. You might see a box labeled 'Naw' al-milkiyya' (Type of ownership), where you would specify if the property is rented or owned. In legal contracts, the phrase 'Naql al-milkiyya' (Transfer of ownership) is ubiquitous. It describes the moment a title moves from a seller to a buyer. If you are discussing social issues, you might use the term 'Su' tawzi' al-milkiyya' (Poor distribution of ownership/property), which is a common phrase in economic critiques of society.

تم توقيع عقد نقل الْمِلْكِيَّة أمام كاتب العدل.

Translation: The ownership transfer contract was signed before the notary public.

In more abstract or academic discussions, Milkiyya is used to discuss the philosophy of rights. For example, 'Milkiyyat al-nafs' (Self-ownership) is a term used in philosophical debates regarding individual liberty. In the realm of technology, 'Milkiyyat al-shifra' (Ownership of the code) is a central topic in software licensing. Notice how the word remains stable while the following noun changes to provide specific meaning. This versatility makes it a high-frequency word for anyone moving beyond basic conversational Arabic into professional or academic spheres.

هل لديك إثبات على مِلْكِيَّتِكَ لهذه السيارة؟

تعتبر الْمِلْكِيَّة الفردية أساس النظام الرأسمالي.

القانون يحمي الْمِلْكِيَّة الأدبية والفنية.

هناك نزاع قانوني حول مِلْكِيَّة هذا العقار.

The word مِلْكِيَّة is a staple of the Arabic news cycle, legal proceedings, and business environments. If you tune into Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, you will frequently hear it in segments regarding economic reforms, privatization (Khas-khasa), and legal disputes between major corporations. It is a 'prestige' word that carries the weight of authority. Unlike the simple verb 'and-i' (I have), which is used for everyday possession, Milkiyya signals a formal discussion about rights and titles.

News & Media: Headlines like 'Tawsi' qaidat al-milkiyya' (Expanding the base of ownership) are common when discussing stock market reforms.
Government Offices: At the 'Dairat al-Aradi' (Land Department), 'Milkiyya' is the most used word to describe the status of plots of land.
Academic Lectures: In law schools, 'Haq al-Milkiyya' (The right of ownership) is taught as one of the primary 'Aini' (real) rights.

In the Gulf region, particularly in cities like Dubai or Riyadh, you will hear Milkiyya used in the context of 'Freehold' vs. 'Leasehold' properties. A 'Milkiyya hurra' refers to full freehold ownership, a term highly sought after by foreign investors. In the Levant and Egypt, the word is often heard in the context of family inheritance disputes, where 'Tathbit al-milkiyya' (Confirming ownership) is a lengthy legal process that families might undergo for generations to secure ancestral lands.

أعلنت الحكومة عن خصخصة مِلْكِيَّة قطاع الكهرباء.

Translation: The government announced the privatization of the electricity sector ownership.

Another place you encounter this word is in the automotive industry. In many Arab countries, the registration document of the car is colloquially referred to as the 'Milkiyya'. When a police officer asks for your papers, they might say 'Al-milkiyya wal-likhan' (The ownership and the license). This shows how a formal legal term has seeped into the daily vocabulary of the street. Even in the world of sports, you might hear about 'Milkiyyat al-nadi' (Ownership of the club), especially when discussing European football clubs owned by Arab sovereign wealth funds.

يجب تحديث بيانات الْمِلْكِيَّة في السجل العقاري.

تضمن الدولة حق الْمِلْكِيَّة الخاصة للمواطنين.

صدر قانون جديد ينظم الْمِلْكِيَّة الفكرية للبرمجيات.

هل تم تحويل مِلْكِيَّة الأسهم إلى اسمك؟

The most frequent and potentially confusing mistake learners make with مِلْكِيَّة (Milkiyya) is confusing it with مَلَكِيَّة (Malakiyya). While they look almost identical in script—differing only by one vowel (Haraka)—their meanings are worlds apart. Milkiyya (with a Kasra on the Mim) means 'Ownership'. Malakiyya (with a Fatha on the Mim) means 'Monarchy' or 'Royalism'. Saying 'I want to transfer the monarchy of my car' would certainly raise eyebrows at the traffic department!

Phonetic Confusion: Mistaking 'Mi-lkiyya' (Ownership) for 'Ma-lakiyya' (Monarchy). Always emphasize the 'Mi' sound for property.
Confusion with 'Milk': Learners often use 'Milk' (possession) when they should use 'Milkiyya' (the right of ownership). 'Milk' is the object; 'Milkiyya' is the legal concept.
Gender Agreement: Forgetting that 'Milkiyya' is feminine. You must say 'Milkiyya khassa' (feminine adjective) and not 'Milkiyya khass' (masculine).

Another common error involves the misuse of the word in personal contexts. While in English we say 'I have ownership of this book,' in Arabic, if you are just talking about a physical object you bought, you would simply use the verb 'Malaka' (to own) or the preposition 'Li' (to/for). Using the formal noun Milkiyya for a sandwich or a pen sounds overly bureaucratic and unnatural. Reserve Milkiyya for significant items like real estate, vehicles, companies, or intellectual rights.

خطأ: هذه مَلَكِيَّة الكتاب. (Incorrect: This is the monarchy of the book).

Furthermore, learners often struggle with the Idafa construction. They might try to use 'al-' (the) on both words, like 'Al-Milkiyya al-Ard,' which is grammatically incorrect. It should be 'Milkiyyat al-ard' (Ownership of the land) or 'Al-milkiyya' (The ownership) on its own. Lastly, be careful with the spelling of the plural 'Milkiyyat'. It follows the regular feminine plural pattern, but it is rarely used in the plural because 'ownership' is usually an uncountable concept in legal theory unless referring to multiple distinct titles.

صح: مِلْكِيَّة السيارة قانونية. (Correct: The car ownership is legal).

تجنب خلط الْمِلْكِيَّة بالحيازة المؤقتة.

هل تقصد الْمِلْكِيَّة الفكرية أم براءة الاختراع؟

لا تستخدم الْمِلْكِيَّة للأشياء الصغيرة التافهة.

While مِلْكِيَّة is the most formal and legal term for ownership, Arabic offers a rich palette of related words that describe possession from different angles. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and precisely convey your meaning in various contexts. The most common alternative is Hiyaza, but as discussed, it differs significantly in legal weight. Another word is Iqtina', which refers to the act of acquiring or owning something for personal collection or enjoyment, like a library of books or a collection of art.

Milkiyya vs. Hiyaza: 'Milkiyya' is the legal right; 'Hiyaza' is the physical possession. You can have 'Hiyaza' of a rented apartment, but not 'Milkiyya'.
Milkiyya vs. Tasarruf: 'Tasarruf' refers to the right to use or manage something. An owner has both 'Milkiyya' and 'Tasarruf', but a manager only has 'Tasarruf'.
Milkiyya vs. Istihwadh: 'Istihwadh' is often used in business for 'Acquisition' or 'Takeover'. It describes the process of gaining 'Milkiyya' over another company.

In the context of real estate, you might hear the word Aqar (real estate/immovable property). While 'Aqar' is the object, 'Milkiyya' is the relationship you have with it. In classical Arabic, the word Mata' was often used to describe personal belongings or chattels—the things one owns and uses. In modern legal Arabic, Amwal (literally 'money' but legally 'assets') is used to describe the totality of what someone owns. If you are talking about 'Self-ownership' in a psychological sense, you might use Saytara (control) or Tamalluk (possession/obsession).

الفرق بين الْمِلْكِيَّة والانتفاع جوهري في القانون.

Translation: The difference between ownership and usufruct (right to use) is fundamental in law.

For learners, it is also useful to know Tamalluk. While Milkiyya is a noun of state, Tamalluk is a Masdar (verbal noun) of the fifth form, meaning the 'act of taking possession'. It often carries a slightly more aggressive or active tone. In romantic or psychological contexts, Hubb al-tamalluk means 'possessiveness' or 'the desire to own someone'. This shows how the root M-L-K branches out from cold legal definitions into the depths of human emotion and behavior.

يسعى المستثمر إلى تَمَلُّكِ حصة أغلبية في الشركة.

يعتبر العقار من أفضل أنواع الْمِلْكِيَّة المستقرة.

تمت المصادرة بسبب غياب سندات الْمِلْكِيَّة.

الحيازة هي السيطرة المادية، أما الْمِلْكِيَّة فهي الحق القانوني.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

While 'Milkiyya' means ownership today, in some historical Islamic contexts, all land was theoretically owned by God, and humans only held 'Milkiyya' as a trust or through the state.

発音ガイド

UK /mil.ˈkij.jə/

US /mil.ˈki.jə/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: mil-KIY-ya.

韻が合う語

Huriya (Freedom) Hawiya (Identity) Wataniya (Nationalism) Mas'uliya (Responsibility) Jam'iya (Association) Qadiya (Issue) Baqiya (Remaining) Zakkiya (Pure)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'Malakiyya' (changing the first vowel to 'a'), which means monarchy.
Dropping the 'shadda' on the 'y', making it 'mil-ki-ya' instead of 'mil-kiy-ya'.
Confusing the 'k' with a 'q' sound.
Pronouncing the final 'a' (taa marbuta) too heavily as an 'at' in isolation.
Failure to distinguish the 'i' sound from 'e'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to read but easily confused with 'Malakiyya' without vowels.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct spelling of Taa Marbuta and Shadda on the Ya.

スピーキング 4/5

The 'iyya' suffix requires clear articulation of the double 'y'.

リスニング 5/5

Very hard to distinguish from 'Malakiyya' in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

بيت (House) سيارة (Car) حق (Right) قانون (Law) مال (Money)

次に学ぶ

عقار (Real estate) عقد (Contract) استثمار (Investment) ضرائب (Taxes) تسجيل (Registration)

上級

ارتفاق (Easement) رهن (Mortgage) استملاك (Expropriation) شفعة (Pre-emption) حكر (Long-term lease)

知っておくべき文法

The Idafa Construction

مِلْكِيَّةُ البيتِ (Ownership of the house) - The first word loses 'al' and the second is in the genitive case.

Feminine Adjective Agreement

مِلْكِيَّةٌ خَاصَّةٌ (Private ownership) - Both noun and adjective are feminine.

The Relative Adjective (Nisba) Suffix

The '-iyya' in Milkiyya is an abstract noun former added to the root.

The Shadda on 'Ya'

The double 'y' sound is essential for the meaning and grammatical category.

Prepositions with Milkiyya

النزاع حَوْلَ الملكية (Dispute OVER ownership).

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レベル別の例文

هذه مِلْكِيَّة خاصة.

This is private property.

Simple sentence with 'hadihi' (this) and 'khassa' (private).

أين ورقة الْمِلْكِيَّة؟

Where is the ownership paper?

'Ayna' (where) starts the question.

الْمِلْكِيَّة لي.

The ownership is mine.

Using 'li' to show possession.

هذا كتاب الْمِلْكِيَّة.

This is the ownership book.

Idafa construction: 'Kitab al-milkiyya'.

هل هذه مِلْكِيَّتُكَ؟

Is this your ownership?

Adding the suffix '-uka' for 'your'.

الْمِلْكِيَّة مهمة.

Ownership is important.

Simple noun-adjective sentence.

لا توجد مِلْكِيَّة هنا.

There is no ownership here.

Using 'la tujad' (there is no).

أحب مِلْكِيَّة الأشياء.

I like ownership of things.

'Uhibbu' (I like) followed by a noun.

مِلْكِيَّة السيارة في الدرج.

The car ownership (registration) is in the drawer.

Idafa: 'Milkiyyat al-sayyara'.

هل لديك مِلْكِيَّة البيت؟

Do you have the house ownership (title)?

'Ladayka' (you have) is formal.

نحن نحترم الْمِلْكِيَّة الخاصة.

We respect private property.

Present tense verb 'nah-tarim'.

تغيرت مِلْكِيَّة المحل اليوم.

The shop ownership changed today.

Past tense verb 'taghayyarat'.

هذه مِلْكِيَّة قديمة جداً.

This is a very old ownership (deed).

Adjective 'qadima' matches 'milkiyya'.

من هو صاحب الْمِلْكِيَّة؟

Who is the owner (possessor) of the ownership?

'Sahib' means owner/companion.

الْمِلْكِيَّة الفكرية تحمي الكتب.

Intellectual property protects books.

Compound term 'Al-milkiyya al-fikriyya'.

أريد إثبات مِلْكِيَّة هاتفي.

I want to prove ownership of my phone.

'Ithbat' is a verbal noun meaning 'proving'.

يجب تسجيل مِلْكِيَّة الأرض في السجل العقاري.

Land ownership must be registered in the land registry.

Passive-like construction with 'Yajibu'.

يعتبر حق الْمِلْكِيَّة من الحقوق الأساسية.

The right of ownership is considered one of the basic rights.

'Yu'tabar' (is considered) is a common B1 passive verb.

تم نقل مِلْكِيَّة الشركة إلى المستثمر الجديد.

Ownership of the company was transferred to the new investor.

'Tam' + verbal noun is a common way to form the passive.

هناك نزاع حول مِلْكِيَّة هذه العلامة التجارية.

There is a dispute over the ownership of this trademark.

'Niza'' means dispute or conflict.

تضمن الدولة مِلْكِيَّة الأفراد لوسائل الإنتاج.

The state guarantees individuals' ownership of the means of production.

'Tadman' (guarantees) is a strong B1 verb.

الْمِلْكِيَّة العامة تخدم جميع المواطنين.

Public ownership serves all citizens.

'Al-'amma' is the opposite of 'al-khassa'.

هل حصلت على شهادة الْمِلْكِيَّة؟

Did you obtain the ownership certificate?

'Shahada' means certificate or testimony.

تؤثر الضرائب على مِلْكِيَّة العقارات.

Taxes affect real estate ownership.

'Tu'athir' (affects) takes the preposition 'ala'.

توسع القانون في مفهوم الْمِلْكِيَّة الفكرية ليشمل البرمجيات.

The law expanded the concept of intellectual property to include software.

Verb 'tawassa'a' (expanded) in the past tense.

أدت الخصخصة إلى تحويل الْمِلْكِيَّة من القطاع العام إلى الخاص.

Privatization led to the transfer of ownership from the public to the private sector.

'Addat ila' (led to) is a key B2 connective phrase.

تعتبر الْمِلْكِيَّة المطلقة حقاً يمنح صاحبه كافة السلطات.

Absolute ownership is considered a right that grants its owner all powers.

'Mutlaqa' means absolute or unrestricted.

توجد قيود قانونية على مِلْكِيَّة الأجانب للعقارات في هذا البلد.

There are legal restrictions on foreign ownership of real estate in this country.

'Quyud' is the plural of 'qayd' (restriction).

يثبت سند الْمِلْكِيَّة الحقوق القانونية للمالك.

The title deed proves the legal rights of the owner.

'Sanad' means deed, bond, or supporting document.

ناقش البرلمان قانون مِلْكِيَّة الشقق السكنية.

The parliament discussed the apartment ownership law.

'Shaqaq' is the plural of 'shaqqa' (apartment).

الْمِلْكِيَّة المشتركة تتطلب اتفاقاً بين جميع الشركاء.

Joint ownership requires an agreement between all partners.

'Mushtaraka' means shared or joint.

يمنع القانون التعدي على مِلْكِيَّة الآخرين.

The law prevents encroaching on others' property.

'Al-ta'addi' means encroachment or assault.

تعد مِلْكِيَّة الدولة للموارد الطبيعية ركيزة أساسية في الدستور.

State ownership of natural resources is a fundamental pillar in the constitution.

'Rakiza' (pillar) is a high-level academic term.

أثار تقرير مِلْكِيَّة البيانات جدلاً واسعاً حول الخصوصية الرقمية.

The data ownership report sparked wide controversy regarding digital privacy.

'Athara' (sparked/raised) is used for abstract concepts like controversy.

تخضع مِلْكِيَّة الأسهم في الشركات المساهمة لرقابة هيئة سوق المال.

Share ownership in joint-stock companies is subject to the supervision of the Capital Market Authority.

'Takhda' li' (is subject to) is essential for legal Arabic.

يتناول الفقه الإسلامي مِلْكِيَّة المنفعة بشكل مفصل.

Islamic jurisprudence deals with the ownership of usufruct (utility) in detail.

'Yatanawal' (deals with/addresses) is used for academic topics.

ساهمت قوانين الإصلاح الزراعي في إعادة توزيع مِلْكِيَّة الأراضي.

Agrarian reform laws contributed to the redistribution of land ownership.

'I'adat tawzi'' (redistribution) is a common socio-economic term.

تعتبر مِلْكِيَّة العلامة التجارية أصلاً غير ملموس ذو قيمة عالية.

Trademark ownership is considered a highly valuable intangible asset.

'Asl ghair mamlus' (intangible asset) is a technical accounting term.

يجب التمييز بين مِلْكِيَّة الرقبة ومِلْكِيَّة المنفعة في العقود.

A distinction must be made between bare ownership and usufruct ownership in contracts.

'Milkiyyat al-raqaba' is a specific legal term for bare ownership.

تؤدي النزاعات الحدودية غالباً إلى تداخل في مِلْكِيَّة الأراضي.

Border disputes often lead to an overlap in land ownership.

'Tadakhul' (overlap/interference) is used for physical or conceptual crossing.

إن فلسفة مِلْكِيَّة الذات تشكل حجر الزاوية في الفكر الليبرالي الكلاسيكي.

The philosophy of self-ownership constitutes the cornerstone of classical liberal thought.

'Hajar al-zawiya' (cornerstone) is a sophisticated idiomatic expression.

تجلى الصراع الأيديولوجي في القرن العشرين حول شرعية الْمِلْكِيَّة الفردية.

The ideological conflict of the twentieth century manifested in the legitimacy of individual ownership.

'Tajalla' (manifested) is a high-literary verb.

تطرح تقنيات البلوكشين آفاقاً جديدة لمفهوم مِلْكِيَّة الأصول الرقمية.

Blockchain technologies present new horizons for the concept of digital asset ownership.

'Tatrahu' (presents/proposes) is used for ideas or horizons.

تعد مِلْكِيَّة المشاع من أعقد المسائل في القانون المدني المقارن.

Common ownership (communal property) is one of the most complex issues in comparative civil law.

'Al-musha'' refers to property owned in common without division.

استند الحكم القضائي إلى بطلان إجراءات نقل الْمِلْكِيَّة لعدم الأهلية.

The judicial ruling was based on the invalidity of the ownership transfer procedures due to lack of capacity.

'Adam al-ahliyya' (lack of legal capacity) is a technical legal term.

تغلغلت مفاهيم مِلْكِيَّة الوقت في الفكر الإداري المعاصر.

Concepts of time ownership have permeated contemporary administrative thought.

'Taghalghalat' (permeated/seeped into) describes deep influence.

يناقش الكتاب أثر الاستعمار في تفكيك أنظمة الْمِلْكِيَّة التقليدية.

The book discusses the impact of colonialism in dismantling traditional ownership systems.

'Tafkik' (dismantling/deconstruction) is a key term in critical theory.

أصبحت مِلْكِيَّة الانتباه هي العملة الأغلى في اقتصاد المنصات الرقمية.

The ownership of attention has become the most expensive currency in the digital platform economy.

Metaphorical use of 'Milkiyya' in modern economic discourse.

類義語

حيازة استحواذ

反対語

فقدان تجريد

よく使う組み合わせ

ملكية خاصة

ملكية عامة

ملكية فكرية

نقل الملكية

سند ملكية

إثبات ملكية

حق الملكية

نزاع ملكية

ملكية مشتركة

تغيير الملكية

よく使うフレーズ

بطاقة الملكية

— The official card showing car ownership.

أعطني بطاقة الملكية من فضلك.

ملكية مطلقة

— Full, unrestricted ownership of a property.

لديه ملكية مطلقة لهذا العقار.

دعوى ملكية

— A legal lawsuit to claim or prove ownership.

رفع دعوى ملكية ضد جاره.

شهادة ملكية

— A formal certificate of ownership.

استلم شهادة ملكية الأسهم.

ملكية الأجانب

— The right or laws regarding foreigners owning property.

تم تعديل قانون ملكية الأجانب.

ملكية الدولة

— State-owned property or resources.

هذه الغابة هي ملكية الدولة.

انتقال الملكية

— The passing of ownership from one to another (often by death).

انتقال الملكية بالوراثة.

ملكية فردية

— Individual or sole ownership.

الشركة هي ملكية فردية له.

حدود الملكية

— The physical or legal boundaries of a property.

يجب احترام حدود الملكية.

سجل الملكية

— The official registry where titles are recorded.

تحقق من سجل الملكية العقاري.

よく混同される語

مِلْكِيَّة vs مَلَكِيَّة (Malakiyya)

Means 'Monarchy'. Differs only by the first vowel (Fatha instead of Kasra).

مِلْكِيَّة vs مِلْكِي (Milki)

Means 'My property' or 'private'. 'Milkiyya' is the abstract noun.

مِلْكِيَّة vs مَلَكي (Malaki)

Means 'Royal'. Again, the vowel change on the Mim is the key difference.

慣用句と表現

"وضع اليد"

— Adverse possession; taking control of property without a deed.

حصل على الأرض بوضع اليد.

Legal/Colloquial

"حبر على ورق"

— Used to describe an ownership deed that is not enforced.

سند الملكية هذا مجرد حبر على ورق.

Informal

"من الألف إلى الياء"

— Owning everything from start to finish (full control).

يمتلك الشركة من الألف إلى الياء.

Informal

"سيد قراره"

— Being the master of one's own decisions (self-ownership).

هو سيد قراره في ملكيته.

Literary

"تحت تصرفه"

— At his disposal/under his ownership/control.

كل هذه الأموال تحت تصرفه.

Neutral

"لا يملك من أمره شيئاً"

— To have no control or ownership over one's own affairs.

هو فقير لا يملك من أمره شيئاً.

Literary

"بين عشية وضحاها"

— Suddenly (often used for losing or gaining ownership).

تغيرت الملكية بين عشية وضحاها.

Neutral

"على المكشوف"

— Openly (often used for public ownership or clear titles).

تمت عملية الملكية على المكشوف.

Informal

"قبضة من حديد"

— Total, firm ownership/control.

يدير ملكيته بقبضة من حديد.

Neutral

"في مهب الريح"

— In jeopardy (ownership that is unstable).

أصبحت ملكيته للأرض في مهب الريح.

Literary

間違えやすい

مِلْكِيَّة vs حيازة

Both relate to having something.

Hiyaza is physical possession (holding); Milkiyya is legal ownership (title).

المستأجر لديه حيازة، والمالك لديه ملكية.

مِلْكِيَّة vs تملك

Both relate to ownership.

Tamalluk is the process or act of acquiring; Milkiyya is the state of owning.

قرار التملك أدى إلى الملكية.

مِلْكِيَّة vs متاع

Both refer to possessions.

Mata' is usually small, movable goods or metaphorical enjoyments; Milkiyya is formal/legal property.

الأثاث من متاع البيت، والأرض ملكية مسجلة.

مِلْكِيَّة vs سيطرة

Both imply power over an object.

Saytara is control/dominance (often without right); Milkiyya is the legal right.

السيطرة العسكرية لا تعني الملكية القانونية.

مِلْكِيَّة vs عقار

Often used in the same context.

Aqar is the physical real estate; Milkiyya is the legal status of that real estate.

هذا العقار له ملكية مشتركة.

文型パターン

هذه ملكية [Noun]

هذه ملكية سيارتي.

أين [Noun] الملكية؟

أين ورقة الملكية؟

تم [Verbal Noun] ملكية [Noun]

تم نقل ملكية المحل.

يضمن القانون حق الملكية الـ[Adjective]

يضمن القانون حق الملكية الفكرية.

تعتبر الملكية الـ[Adjective] ركيزة لـ[Noun]

تعتبر الملكية الخاصة ركيزة للاقتصاد.

تفكيك مفهوم الملكية في ظل [Context]

تفكيك مفهوم الملكية في ظل العولمة.

هناك نزاع على ملكية [Noun]

هناك نزاع على ملكية الأرض.

يجب تسجيل الملكية في [Place]

يجب تسجيل الملكية في السجل العقاري.

語族

名詞

مِلْك (Property/Possession)

مَالِك (Owner)

مَمْلُوك (Owned/Mamluk)

مَمْلَكة (Kingdom)

مَلِك (King)

動詞

مَلَكَ (To own/possess)

تَمَلَّكَ (To take possession/possess)

أَمْلَكَ (To make someone an owner)

形容詞

مَمْلُوك (Owned)

مَلَكي (Royal - note the Fatha)

مُتَمَلِّك (Possessive)

使い方

frequency

High in legal, news, and business domains. Low in casual social conversation unless discussing big purchases.

よくある間違い

Using 'Malakiyya' for property. → Milkiyya
Malakiyya means monarchy; Milkiyya means ownership. The first vowel is critical.
Saying 'Al-Milkiyya al-Khass'. → Al-Milkiyya al-Khassa
Milkiyya is feminine, so the adjective must also be feminine.
Using 'Milkiyya' for a small snack. → Just say 'my snack'.
Milkiyya is a formal legal term. Using it for trivial items sounds very strange.
Writing it without the Taa Marbuta. → ملكية
The abstract suffix '-iyya' always ends in a Taa Marbuta.
Confusing 'Milkiyya' with 'Milk' (milk to drink). → Labaneh / Halib
Though it sounds like the English 'Milk', it has no relation to the drink (which is Halib in Arabic).

ヒント

Idafa Mastery

When using 'Milkiyya' in an Idafa, the 'Taa Marbuta' is pronounced as a 't'. Say 'Milkiyyat-al-ard'.

Private vs Public

Memorize 'Khassa' (Private) and 'Amma' (Public) as they are the most common partners for this word.

The First Vowel

Always start with 'Mi' (like Mill). If you say 'Ma', people will think you are talking about the King.

Land Importance

In many Arab cultures, 'Milkiyya' of land is seen as the ultimate security for a family.

IP Rights

In business, 'Milkiyya Fikriyya' is crucial. Use it when discussing patents, logos, or software.

Title Deeds

Always look for the word 'Sanad' (deed) when dealing with 'Milkiyya' in real estate.

Spelling the Shadda

In formal writing, putting the Shadda on the 'Ya' (يّ) shows you are highly literate.

Respecting Property

Using the phrase 'Ihtiram al-milkiyya al-khassa' is a polite way to discuss boundaries.

Mine starts with M

Remember: Milkiyya = Mine. Malakiyya = Monarch. The 'i' sound is for 'i own it'.

Spoken Variations

In some dialects, the 'q' in 'Milkiyya' might be pronounced as a glottal stop or a 'g', but 'Milkiyya' stays fairly standard.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'MILK'. If you buy 'MILK', it is your 'MILK-iyya'. It is 'Mine' (starts with M).

視覚的連想

Imagine a gold key resting on a legal document with a large red seal. The key represents the power of 'Milkiyya'.

Word Web

Law Property Title Deed Owner Land Rights Contract

チャレンジ

Try to find the 'Milkiyya' card for your car or the title deed for your home and say the word three times while holding it.

語源

From the Arabic root M-L-K (م-ل-ك). This root is shared across Semitic languages (e.g., Hebrew 'Melech' for King). It fundamentally relates to the power to control or possess.

元の意味： The root originally referred to the power of a ruler or king, which later evolved into the legal concept of individual property rights.

Semitic / Afroasiatic

文化的な背景

Be careful when discussing 'Milkiyya' in conflict zones, as land ownership is often a sensitive political and emotional issue.

In English, we often use 'property' or 'ownership' interchangeably, but in Arabic, 'Milkiyya' is strictly the abstract right, while 'Milk' or 'Aqar' is the physical thing.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Arabic version) uses 'Haq al-Milkiyya'. Egyptian Civil Code (Sanhuri Code) - the foundation of modern property law in the Arab world. The term 'Al-Milkiyya al-Fikriyya' is used by WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) in its Arabic publications.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Real Estate

سند الملكية
تسجيل العقار
مساحة الأرض
الوسيط العقاري

Legal/Court

إثبات ملكية
نزاع قانوني
حكم المحكمة
كاتب العدل

Business

نقل الأسهم
الاستحواذ والاندماج
رأس المال
حقوق المساهمين

Technology/IP

براءة اختراع
حقوق التأليف
العلامة التجارية
اتفاقية الترخيص

Traffic/Vehicles

دفتر السيارة
رخصة القيادة
رقم اللوحة
تأمين المركبة

会話のきっかけ

"هل تعتقد أن مِلْكِيَّة الأجانب للعقارات مفيدة للاقتصاد؟"

"كيف يمكننا حماية الْمِلْكِيَّة الفكرية في عصر الذكاء الاصطناعي؟"

"ما هي الوثائق المطلوبة لنقل مِلْكِيَّة سيارة في بلدك؟"

"هل تفضل الْمِلْكِيَّة الخاصة أم العامة لقطاع الصحة؟"

"هل واجهت يوماً مشكلة في إثبات مِلْكِيَّة شيء ما؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن أهمية مِلْكِيَّة المنزل بالنسبة لك ولعائلتك.

ناقش الفرق بين مِلْكِيَّة الأشياء المادية ومِلْكِيَّة الأفكار.

صف شعورك عندما حصلت على أول سند مِلْكِيَّة باسمك.

تخيل عالماً بدون مِلْكِيَّة خاصة، كيف ستكون الحياة؟

اكتب رسالة إلى محامٍ تطلب فيها المساعدة في نقل مِلْكِيَّة عقار.

よくある質問

10 問

Technically, yes, in a legal context (like registration papers), but it sounds very cold. Usually, you would just say 'This is my cat' (hadihi qittati).

'Milk' is the property itself (the thing owned), while 'Milkiyya' is the abstract right or status of being the owner.

The root M-L-K is used extensively (e.g., 'Malik yawm al-din'), but the modern abstract form 'Milkiyya' is more common in later legal and modern Arabic.

You use 'Huquq al-Milkiyya al-Fikriyya' (Intellectual Property Rights) or 'Huquq al-Ta'lif' (Author's Rights).

Historically, in the context of slavery, it was used, but in modern Arabic, it is strictly for property and rights. Using it for people is offensive unless metaphorical (like 'self-ownership').

It means 'Freehold Ownership', a term common in Gulf real estate markets like Dubai.

No, it is relatively rare. We usually talk about 'types of ownership' (anwa' al-milkiyya) instead of using the plural form.

No, that is 'Mamlaka'. 'Malakiyya' means Monarchy. 'Milkiyya' only means Ownership.

You can say 'Mumkin al-milkiyya?' (Can I have the ownership [card]?).

It is feminine because it ends with a Taa Marbuta (ة).

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