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A2 adjective #3,500 よく出る 10分で読める

有能力

younengli 上位3,500

練習する例文メモとヒント 有能力 30秒で

解説 有能力 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '有能力' is a useful phrase for describing people simply. You can think of it as a step above '好' (good). Instead of just saying someone is 'good,' you can say they 'have ability.' At this stage, focus on the simple pattern: 'Subject + 很 + 有能力.' For example, '我的老师很有能力' (My teacher is very capable). This helps you move beyond basic adjectives. Remember that '有' means 'to have' and '能力' means 'ability.' It is easy to remember because it literally says what it means. Don't worry about complex grammar yet; just use it to give a nice compliment to people you know.

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At the A2 level, you can start using '有能力' to talk about specific actions. You are now able to describe what someone is capable of doing. The pattern is 'Subject + 有能力 + [Action].' For example, '他有能力说三种语言' (He is capable of speaking three languages). You should also learn the negative form: '没有能力.' This is very important for talking about things you can't do yet. You might also encounter '有能力' in job-related vocabulary, which is common at this level. It's a great word to use in a simple self-introduction or when talking about your friends' skills.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '有能力' in more professional and social descriptions. You can use it as an adjective with '的' to describe people, like '一个有能力的人' (a capable person). You will also start to see it in reading materials about work and society. You should understand the difference between '有能力' and simple verbs like '能' or '会.' Use '有能力' when you want to sound more formal or when you are evaluating someone's overall competence. For instance, in a discussion about a group project, you might say, '我们需要一个有能力的组长' (We need a capable group leader).

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At the B2 level, '有能力' becomes a key word for discussing abstract concepts and professional evaluations. You will use it to talk about a company's capability, a government's capacity, or an individual's potential. You should be able to use it with more complex adverbs like '完全' (completely), '毫无' (not at all), or '具备' (to possess). For example, '他具备胜任这项工作的能力' (He possesses the ability to be competent in this job). You'll also encounter it in more formal written Chinese, such as in news reports or business emails. At this stage, you should also be aware of synonyms like '称职' or '胜任' and know when to choose them over '有能力.'

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use '有能力' with precision and nuance. You will use it to discuss complex socio-political issues, psychological traits, or philosophical ideas. You might analyze whether a society is '有能力' to handle a crisis or whether an individual is '有能力' to overcome deep-seated psychological barriers. You should also be familiar with more literary or formal alternatives like '大有作为' (to be able to achieve great things) or '充沛的能力' (abundant ability). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the subtle connotations of the word in different registers of Chinese.

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At the C2 level, '有能力' is used with complete mastery, often in highly specialized or poetic contexts. You might use it in legal arguments to discuss '民事行为能力' (civil capacity) or in philosophical treatises regarding human potential. You understand the historical and cultural weight of the concept of 'ability' in Chinese thought. You can use the phrase effortlessly in any context, from a high-level diplomatic negotiation to a complex literary analysis. At this level, the phrase is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for nuanced expression, allowing you to articulate fine distinctions in human capability and institutional power.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

有能力 30秒で

A versatile phrase meaning 'capable' or 'able,' used to praise competence in professional and personal contexts across all levels of Chinese communication.
Grammatically functions as a predicate (is capable) or an adjective with 'de' (a capable person), and is always negated with 'mei' (没有).
Distinguished from 'neng' or 'hui' by its emphasis on overall quality and professional aptitude rather than simple possibility or learned skills.
A high-value descriptor in Chinese culture, reflecting the importance of self-cultivation, reliability, and the practical ability to deliver successful results.

The phrase 有能力 (yǒu nénglì) is a foundational descriptor in the Chinese language used to characterize an individual's competence, proficiency, and inherent power to execute tasks or achieve goals. At its core, it is composed of two distinct characters: 有 (yǒu), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess,' and 能力 (nénglì), which translates to 'ability' or 'capacity.' When combined, they function as an adjectival phrase that English speakers would translate as 'capable,' 'able,' or 'competent.' This term is incredibly versatile, spanning from the mundane tasks of daily life to the highly specialized demands of professional environments.

The Professional Context: In a workplace setting, calling someone 有能力 is one of the highest forms of praise. It implies that the person is not just a hard worker, but possesses the requisite skills and intelligence to deliver results. It is often used during performance reviews, recruitment processes, and professional networking.
The Personal Context: Socially, it can describe a friend who is resourceful or a family member who manages their household with great efficiency. It suggests a level of reliability and self-sufficiency that commands respect from others.

张经理非常有能力，他总能解决最困难的问题。(Manager Zhang is very capable; he can always solve the most difficult problems.)

Understanding the nuance of 有能力 requires looking at its frequency. It is neither too formal nor too slangy, making it a 'goldilocks' word for learners. It is more formal than 有本事 (yǒu běnshi), which can sometimes carry a slightly arrogant or colloquial tone, and it is more specific than 厉害 (lìhai), which is a general term for 'awesome' or 'formidable.' When you use 有能力, you are making a specific judgment about a person's functional capacity.

作为一个领导者，你必须证明自己有能力带领团队走向成功。(As a leader, you must prove that you are capable of leading the team to success.)

Culturally, Chinese society places a high value on competence and the 'can-do' attitude embodied by this word. It reflects the Confucian ideal of self-cultivation and the acquisition of skills through merit. To be described as 有能力 is to be recognized for your effort and your mastery of your craft. It is a word that builds bridges between people's potential and their actual achievements.

虽然她很年轻，但她确实是一个很有能力的程序员。(Although she is very young, she is indeed a very capable programmer.)

Grammatical Flexibility: One of the reasons this word is so common is its grammatical flexibility. It can function as a predicate (She is capable), an attributive (A capable person), or be followed by a verb phrase (Capable of doing something). This makes it a multi-purpose tool in your vocabulary kit.

我们正在寻找有能力独立工作的员工。(We are looking for employees who are capable of working independently.)

这个团队完全有能力在截止日期前完成任务。(This team is fully capable of finishing the task before the deadline.)

Using 有能力 (yǒu nénglì) effectively requires understanding its three primary syntactic patterns. Because it literally means 'to possess ability,' it behaves slightly differently than a standard adjective like 'happy' or 'tall.' Let's break down these patterns to ensure you can use them naturally in conversation.

Pattern 1: Subject + (Degree Adverb) + 有能力: This is the simplest way to use the phrase, functioning as a predicate. You often add a degree adverb like 很 (hěn), 非常 (fēicháng), or 特别 (tèbié) before it to emphasize the extent of the capability.

你的新同事看起来很有能力。(Your new colleague seems very capable.)

In this pattern, you are describing a person's general state. It's a broad compliment. If you want to be more specific, you move to the next pattern.

Pattern 2: Subject + 有能力 + Verb Phrase: This pattern is equivalent to the English 'to be able to [do something]' or 'to have the capacity to [do something].' It links the person's capability directly to a specific action.

他有能力处理这么复杂的情况。(He is capable of handling such a complex situation.)

Notice that in this pattern, we don't usually use 很 before 有能力 because the focus is on the specific action rather than a general quality. It sounds more objective and factual.

Pattern 3: 有能力 + 的 + Noun: This is the attributive use, where '有能力' describes a noun. It almost always requires the particle 的 (de).

我们需要一个有能力的领导来改革公司。(We need a capable leader to reform the company.)

如果你觉得自己没有能力完成，请尽早告诉我们。(If you feel you are not capable of finishing it, please tell us as early as possible.)

Finally, consider the use of 完全 (wánquán - completely) or 绝对 (juéduì - absolutely) to add weight to your statement. These are common in formal speeches or persuasive writing.

我相信你完全有能力胜任这份工作。(I believe you are fully capable of doing this job.)

By mastering these patterns, you can move from simple descriptions to complex evaluative statements about people and organizations.

The phrase 有能力 (yǒu nénglì) is ubiquitous in Chinese society, but its resonance varies depending on the setting. To truly master the word, you need to recognize the social contexts where it carries the most weight. From high-stakes boardrooms to casual dinner conversations, here is where you will encounter it most frequently.

In the Corporate World: This is arguably the 'home' of the word. In job interviews, HR managers look for candidates who are '有能力.' In performance reviews, being described as '有能力' is often a prerequisite for a promotion. You will hear phrases like '业务能力强' (strong business ability) which is a more specific variation of being '有能力.'

面试官问我，我是否有能力管理一个跨国团队。(The interviewer asked me if I have the capability to manage a multinational team.)

In business news, analysts often discuss whether a company is 有能力 to pay back its debts or 有能力 to innovate in a competitive market. Here, the word takes on a more financial and strategic tone.

In Educational Settings: Teachers use this word to encourage students or to describe a student's potential to parents. A teacher might say, '这个孩子很有能力，只是不够努力' (This child is very capable, just not hardworking enough). This highlights the distinction between innate potential and actual effort.

学校应该培养学生解决问题的能力。(Schools should cultivate students' ability to solve problems.)

In the media and politics, you will hear 有能力 used to describe government officials or national strength. Phrases like '国家有能力保障人民安全' (The country has the capability to ensure the safety of the people) are common in official broadcasts. This usage is formal and conveys a sense of stability and power.

我们完全有能力应对各种挑战。(We are fully capable of dealing with various challenges.)

Lastly, in daily social life, you might hear it during 'gossip' or discussions about acquaintances. If someone is '有能力,' they are often seen as a good catch in the marriage market or a valuable person to know for 'guanxi' (connections). It suggests they can 'get things done' in the real world.

他这人特别有能力，在城里认识很多人。(He is especially capable and knows many people in the city.)

While 有能力 (yǒu nénglì) seems straightforward, English speakers often stumble over its specific grammatical requirements and its semantic boundaries. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Chinese sound much more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: Using '不' instead of '没': Because '有能力' contains the verb '有' (to have), it must be negated with '没' (méi). Saying '*不有能力' is a classic beginner mistake. Even if you treat the whole phrase as an adjective, the '有' core dictates the negation rule.

错误：他不有能力。 (Wrong: He not have ability.)
正确：他没有能力。 (Correct: He doesn't have the ability.)

Wait, there's a nuance: sometimes people say '无能力' (wú nénglì) in very formal or literary contexts, but in 99% of spoken Chinese, '没有能力' is the standard.

Mistake 2: Confusing '有能力' with '能' or '会': English speakers often use '有能力' when a simple '能' (néng - can/able) or '会' (huì - know how to) would suffice. '有能力' is a heavier, more descriptive phrase. If you are just saying 'I can speak Chinese,' use '我会说中文.' Saying '我有能力说中文' sounds like you are making a formal declaration of your linguistic capacity.

过于正式：我有能力开车。 (Too formal: I have the capability to drive.)
自然：我会开车。 (Natural: I can drive.)

Mistake 3: Forgetting the '的' in Attributive Use: When using '有能力' to describe a person (e.g., 'a capable person'), you must include '的'. Saying '*有能力人' is grammatically incorrect. The phrase is too long to be used as a direct modifier without the particle.

错误：他是一个有能力人。 (Wrong: He is a capable person.)
正确：他是一个很有能力的人。 (Correct: He is a very capable person.)

Finally, be careful not to confuse 能力 (ability) with 能量 (energy). While related in physics, you would never say someone is '有能量' to mean they are capable; that would mean they are full of energy or vibe!

Chinese has a rich vocabulary for describing competence. While 有能力 (yǒu nénglì) is the most versatile, choosing a more specific synonym can make your speech more precise and sophisticated. Let's compare 有能力 with its closest relatives.

有能力 vs. 有才华 (yǒu cáihuá): 有能力 emphasizes functional competence and the ability to get things done. 有才华 emphasizes innate talent, creativity, and artistic or intellectual brilliance. A manager is '有能力,' but a poet or a brilliant mathematician is '有才华.'

他不仅很有能力，还非常有才华。 (He is not only capable but also very talented.)

有能力 vs. 称职 (chènzhí): 称职 specifically means 'competent in one's current role' or 'filling a position well.' While '有能力' is a general trait, '称职' is always relative to a specific job. You can be '有能力' but not '称职' if you are in the wrong role.

她是一个非常称职的医生。 (She is a very competent/qualified doctor.)

有能力 vs. 胜任 (shèngrèn): 胜任 is a verb meaning 'to be equal to' or 'to be up to the task.' It is often used in the phrase '胜任这份工作' (to be up to this job). Use '有能力' to describe the person, and '胜任' to describe their relationship to the task.

有能力 vs. 有本事 (yǒu běnshi): 有本事 is more informal. It often carries a connotation of 'resourcefulness' or having the 'chops' to handle real-world challenges. It can sometimes sound a bit more aggressive or boastful than the neutral '有能力.'

你有本事就自己去解决！ (If you've got the guts/ability, go solve it yourself! - Note the more aggressive tone.)

In summary, use 有能力 as your default. Switch to 有才华 for creativity, 称职 for job-specific fit, 胜任 when focusing on the task, and 有本事 for informal situations.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient Chinese, '能' was the name of a mythical beast. Because this beast was so powerful, the character was borrowed to represent the concept of 'capability' or 'power.'

発音ガイド

UK /jəʊ ˈnɛŋ.li/

US /joʊ ˈnɛŋ.li/

The primary stress is on the second syllable 'néng' when emphasizing the ability itself.

韻が合う語

有 (yǒu) rhymes with: 口 (kǒu), 手 (shǒu), 走 (zǒu). 能 (néng) rhymes with: 层 (céng), 疼 (téng), 灯 (dēng). 力 (lì) rhymes with: 地 (dì), 意 (yì), 记 (jì).

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'néng' like 'neng' in 'length' instead of closer to 'nung'.
Failing to perform the third tone dip on 'yǒu'.
Mixing up the fourth tone of 'lì' with a flat first tone.
Pronouncing 'li' with a long 'ee' sound like 'lee' instead of a short, falling 'lì'.
Not connecting the characters fluently; it should sound like one cohesive unit.

難易度

読解 2/5

The characters are relatively simple for an A2 student to recognize.

ライティング 3/5

Writing '能' and '力' requires attention to stroke order and proportion.

スピーキング 2/5

Easy to pronounce once the third tone of 'yǒu' is mastered.

リスニング 2/5

Very common phrase, easily recognizable in context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

有 (yǒu) 不 (bù) 很 (hěn) 人 (rén) 做 (zuò)

次に学ぶ

经验 (jīngyàn) - Experience 专业 (zhuānyè) - Professional/Major 责任 (zérèn) - Responsibility 成功 (chénggōng) - Success 机会 (jīhuì) - Opportunity

上級

胜任 (shèngrèn) 称职 (chènzhí) 才华横溢 (cáihuá héngyì) 精明强干 (jīngmíng qiánggàn) 潜力 (qiánlì)

知っておくべき文法

Negation of '有' with '没'

他没有能力。 (He doesn't have ability.)

Use of '的' in adjective phrases

有能力的人 (A capable person)

Degree adverbs with '有' phrases

很有能力, 非常有能力

The 'Subject + 有能力 + Verb Phrase' structure

他有能力解决这个问题。

Abstract nouns as objects of '有'

有能力, 有信心, 有经验

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レベル別の例文

他很有能力。

He is very capable.

Subject + 很 + 有能力. '很' is used as a degree adverb.

我的老师很有能力。

My teacher is very capable.

A1 learners use this to describe people they respect.

你是一个有能力的人。

You are a capable person.

Use '的' between '有能力' and '人'.

她没有能力。

She is not capable.

Negation uses '没有'.

爸爸很有能力。

Dad is very capable.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

他是一个有能力的医生。

He is a capable doctor.

Attributive use with '的'.

你有能力吗？

Are you capable?

Simple question form with '吗'.

我们很有能力。

We are very capable.

Plural subject.

他有能力做这个工作。

He is capable of doing this job.

有能力 + [Verb Phrase].

我有能力学习汉语。

I have the ability to learn Chinese.

Expressing personal capacity.

你没有能力去那里。

You don't have the ability to go there.

Can refer to financial or physical ability.

她有能力解决问题。

She is capable of solving problems.

Common collocation: 解决问题.

他们有能力买新车。

They have the ability to buy a new car.

Refers to financial capability.

这个学生很有能力。

This student is very capable.

General praise in a school context.

我们有能力完成任务。

We are capable of completing the task.

Collocation: 完成任务.

谁有能力做饭？

Who is capable of cooking?

Question word '谁'.

他是一个非常有能力的经理。

He is a very capable manager.

Adding degree adverbs like '非常'.

我认为你完全有能力通过考试。

I think you are fully capable of passing the exam.

Using '完全' for emphasis.

公司需要有能力的员工。

The company needs capable employees.

Object of the sentence.

他没有能力处理这种情况。

He doesn't have the capability to handle this situation.

Handling situations: 处理情况.

只要努力，你就有能力成功。

As long as you work hard, you have the ability to succeed.

Conditional phrase '只要...就'.

他有能力管理一个团队吗？

Does he have the capability to manage a team?

Interrogative sentence about leadership.

这个项目需要最有能力的人。

This project needs the most capable person.

Superlative: 最有能力.

她有能力独立完成作业。

She is capable of finishing her homework independently.

Using '独立' (independently).

我们必须证明自己有能力应对挑战。

We must prove that we are capable of meeting challenges.

应对挑战 is a formal collocation.

他虽然年轻，但办事很有能力。

Although he is young, he is very capable in handling affairs.

办事 (handling affairs) as a context.

政府有能力维持社会的稳定。

The government is capable of maintaining social stability.

Formal political context.

这种机器有能力连续工作24小时。

This machine is capable of working continuously for 24 hours.

Describing the capability of an object/machine.

他确实是一个很有能力的领导者。

He is indeed a very capable leader.

Using '确实' (indeed) for confirmation.

如果没有能力，就不应该承担这个责任。

If one is not capable, one should not take on this responsibility.

Hypothetical '如果...就'.

我们需要评估他是否有能力执行任务。

We need to assess whether he is capable of executing the task.

评估 (evaluate) and 执行 (execute).

他有能力把复杂的问题简单化。

He has the ability to simplify complex problems.

Resultative complement: 简单化.

他表现出了卓越的领导能力。

He demonstrated outstanding leadership ability.

Using '能力' as a noun with an adjective '领导'.

并非所有人都有能力在压力下工作。

Not everyone is capable of working under pressure.

Partial negation: 并非所有...都.

该企业有能力在国际市场上竞争。

The enterprise is capable of competing in the international market.

Formal business/economic context.

他有能力洞察事物的本质。

He has the ability to see through to the essence of things.

洞察 (insight) is a high-level verb.

我们对你有能力完成此项任务深信不疑。

We have no doubt that you are capable of completing this task.

Idiom: 深信不疑 (to believe firmly).

他在处理人际关系方面非常有能力。

He is very capable in terms of handling interpersonal relationships.

Contextualizing with '在...方面'.

这种政策有能力从根本上解决问题。

This policy is capable of solving the problem from the roots.

从根本上 (fundamentally).

由于他没有能力支付，合同被取消了。

Due to his inability to pay, the contract was canceled.

Causal link: 由于... (due to).

人类是否有能力超越自身的局限性？

Does humanity have the capability to transcend its own limitations?

Philosophical inquiry.

他在文学批评领域展现了极强的分析能力。

He displayed an extremely strong analytical ability in the field of literary criticism.

Academic context.

这种技术是否有能力颠覆整个行业？

Does this technology have the capability to disrupt the entire industry?

颠覆 (disrupt/overturn) is a high-level term.

他有能力在千头万绪中理清思路。

He has the ability to clear his thoughts amidst a thousand tangled threads.

Idiom: 千头万绪 (extremely complex).

法律必须确保每个人都拥有平等的法律行为能力。

The law must ensure that everyone possesses equal legal capacity.

Legal terminology: 法律行为能力.

艺术家有能力赋予平凡事物以深刻的内涵。

Artists have the ability to endow ordinary things with profound meaning.

Endowing (赋予) and profound meaning (内涵).

我们低估了他应对复杂政治局势的能力。

We underestimated his ability to handle complex political situations.

低估 (underestimate).

唯有具备这种能力，才能在激烈的竞争中立于不败之地。

Only by possessing this ability can one remain invincible in fierce competition.

Idiom: 立于不败之地 (to be in an invincible position).

よく使う組み合わせ

很有能力

有能力做某事

展现能力

管理能力

工作能力

学习能力

解决问题的能力

表达能力

完全有能力

缺乏能力

よく使うフレーズ

有能力的人

— A person who has the ability to do things well. Used as a general compliment.

公司总是欢迎有能力的人。

没有能力支付

— Unable to pay. Common in legal or financial contexts.

他目前没有能力支付这笔费用。

极具能力

— To be extremely capable. A very formal way to praise someone.

她是一位极具能力的领导者。

有能力承担

— Capable of bearing (responsibility, costs, etc.).

你有能力承担后果吗？

证明能力

— To prove one's ability through actions.

你需要用行动来证明自己的能力。

提升能力

— To improve or enhance one's abilities.

我们应该不断提升自己的工作能力。

有能力应对

— Capable of dealing with or responding to a situation.

我们有能力应对突发事件。

具备能力

— To possess the ability. Formal usage.

他不具备胜任此职的能力。

由于能力有限

— Due to limited ability. Often used as a humble excuse.

由于能力有限，我没能帮上忙。

发挥能力

— To give play to one's ability; to utilize one's skills.

你应该在这个岗位上发挥你的能力。

よく混同される語

有能力 vs 有能量

English speakers might think 'energy' equals 'ability.' In Chinese, '有能量' means having physical energy or a strong 'vibe/aura,' not competence.

有能力 vs 有动力

Means 'to have motivation.' A person can be motivated (有动力) but not capable (没有能力).

有能力 vs 有力

Means 'powerful' or 'strong.' It is usually used for physical strength or an 'effective' argument, not personal competence.

慣用句と表現

"大有作为"

— To be able to develop one's ability to the full; to have a brilliant future.

在新的岗位上，他一定能大有作为。

Formal

"精明干练"

— Astute and capable. Describes someone very efficient and sharp.

他手下的几个助手都非常精明干练。

Formal

"独当一面"

— To be able to take charge of a department or a section independently.

经过几年的锻炼，他已经可以独当一面了。

Neutral

"游刃有余"

— To do something with ease and skill. Literally 'a butcher's knife moving with plenty of room.'

处理这种小事，他向来游刃有余。

Literary

"才华横溢"

— To be brimming with talent. Usually for arts or intellect.

这位年轻的音乐家才华横溢。

Formal

"量力而行"

— To act according to one's capability. Don't overreach.

做任何事情都要量力而行，不要逞强。

Neutral

"力所能及"

— Within one's power; as much as one's ability allows.

我会尽力提供力所能及的帮助。

Neutral

"各尽所能"

— From each according to his ability.

我们要各尽所能，共同完成任务。

Formal

"精明强干"

— Intelligent and capable. Very similar to 精明干练.

她是一个精明强干的女强人。

Formal

"庸碌无为"

— Mediocre and doing nothing of value. The opposite of being capable.

我不希望自己一辈子都这样庸碌无为。

Literary

間違えやすい

有能力 vs 会

Both can translate to 'can' or 'be able to.'

'会' refers to a learned skill (like speaking a language). '有能力' refers to an overall capacity or professional competence.

我会开车 (I can drive) vs 他很有能力 (He is very capable).

有能力 vs 能

Both refer to ability.

'能' is a auxiliary verb for possibility or physical ability. '有能力' is more descriptive and formal.

我今天不能来 (I can't come today) vs 我有能力完成这个项目 (I am capable of finishing this project).

有能力 vs 可以

Both imply 'able to.'

'可以' often implies permission or a basic level of ability. '有能力' implies a high level of proficiency.

你可以走了 (You can leave) vs 他是有能力解决这个问题的 (He is the one capable of solving this problem).

有能力 vs 厉害

Both are compliments for being good at something.

'厉害' is colloquial and broad (like 'awesome'). '有能力' is specific to competence and often used in professional contexts.

你真厉害！ (You're awesome!) vs 他是一个很有能力的经理 (He is a very capable manager).

有能力 vs 有才华

Both praise a person's qualities.

'有才华' is for innate talent (arts, writing). '有能力' is for functional competence (management, problem-solving).

才华横溢的诗人 (A talented poet) vs 有能力的领导 (A capable leader).

文型パターン

S + 很 + 有能力

我爸爸很有能力。

S + 有能力 + VP

他有能力做饭。

S + 是一个 + 很 + 有能力 + 的 + N

他是一个很有能力的老师。

S + 具备 + [Adj] + 能力

他具备卓越的管理能力。

由于 + S + 没有能力 + VP, ...

由于他没有能力还钱，房子被卖了。

S + 在...方面 + 表现出 + 能力

他在艺术方面表现出极高的能力。

唯有 + 具备...能力, 才能...

唯有具备创新能力，企业才能生存。

S + 拥有 + 平等的 + [Legal Term] + 能力

每个人都拥有平等的法律行为能力。

語族

名詞

能力 (nénglì) - Ability/Capacity

能量 (néngliàng) - Energy

才能 (cáinéng) - Talent/Ability

動詞

能够 (nénggòu) - To be able to

胜任 (shèngrèn) - To be competent/capable of

形容詞

有能力 (yǒu nénglì) - Capable

无能 (wúnéng) - Incompetent

全能 (quánnéng) - All-around/Omnipotent

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Chinese.

よくある間違い

他不有能力。 → 他没有能力。
The verb '有' must be negated with '没', not '不'. This is a fundamental rule in Chinese grammar.
他是一个有能力人。 → 他是一个有能力的人。
When an adjective or adjectival phrase has two or more syllables, you almost always need '的' before the noun it modifies.
我有能力说一点中文。 → 我会说一点中文。
Using '有能力' for simple skills like speaking a bit of a language sounds overly formal and unnatural. '会' is the correct choice here.
他很有能力地完成了任务。 → 他很有能力，完成了任务。 / 他出色地完成了任务。
'有能力' is rarely used as an adverb with '地'. It's better to describe the person first or use a different word like '出色地' (remarkably).
我有能力去超市。 → 我能去超市。 / 我可以去超市。
'有能力' implies a skill or competence. Going to the supermarket is a simple action of possibility, so '能' or '可以' is appropriate.

ヒント

Always use '没' for negation

Never say '不有能力'. The word '有' is the boss here, and its only partner for negation is '没'.

Professional vs. Personal

While you can use it for friends, '有能力' shines brightest in professional contexts. It's the perfect word for a LinkedIn recommendation or a CV.

Pair with '解决问题'

One of the most common ways to use this word is '有能力解决问题' (capable of solving problems). Memorize this as a single chunk.

The 'Limited Ability' Excuse

If you want to decline a task politely, say '我能力有限' (my ability is limited). It sounds much better than '我不能' (I can't).

Complimenting Parents

If you tell a Chinese parent their child is '很有能力,' they will be very happy. It implies the child is independent and skilled.

Stress the 'Néng'

When you want to emphasize that someone is *really* capable, put a bit more stress and length on the 'néng' syllable.

Use with '具备'

In very formal writing, instead of '他很有能力,' write '他具备极强的能力.' This elevates your register significantly.

Job Titles

You can add '能力' after almost any professional skill: '管理能力,' '技术能力,' '语言能力.'

Think 'Have-Ability'

Break the word down: 有 (Have) + 能力 (Ability). It's a literal translation of 'having the ability.'

Watch for '无能'

If you hear '无能' (wúnéng), someone is being criticized harshly. It's the literary/formal way to say 'incapable,' but often used as an insult.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a person ('有' - possessing) holding a giant battery ('能力' - ability/energy). If they have the battery, they are '有能力' (capable) to power anything!

視覚的連想

Visualize a Swiss Army knife. It is '有能力' because it has all the tools needed to handle different situations.

Word Web

能力 (Ability) 有 (Have) 工作 (Work) 解决 (Solve) 领导 (Lead) 学习 (Learn) 强大 (Powerful) 成功 (Success)

チャレンジ

Try to describe three people you know using '有能力.' Use one for a teacher, one for a friend, and one for a famous person. Explain *why* they are '有能力' in Chinese.

語源

The phrase is a combination of '有' (to have) and '能力' (ability). '有' is an ancient character originally depicting a hand holding meat, signifying possession. '能' (néng) originally depicted a legendary bear-like animal with great strength, which later came to mean 'ability' or 'power.' '力' (lì) is a pictograph of a plow or a muscle, representing physical strength.

元の意味： To possess the strength or power to perform a task.

Sino-Tibetan

文化的な背景

Avoid using the opposite '无能' (incompetent) lightly, as it is a very strong insult to someone's dignity.

In English, we might say someone is 'competent' or 'skilled.' '有能力' covers both but feels slightly more like a character trait in Chinese.

The phrase is frequently used in Chinese state media to describe the governance capacity of the CCP. Popular self-help books in China often have titles like '如何成为一个有能力的人' (How to become a capable person). In the classic novel 'Romance of the Three Kingdoms,' characters like Zhuge Liang are the epitome of being '有能力'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Job Interview

我有能力胜任这份工作。
请谈谈你的核心能力。
展现出你的专业能力。
评估候选人的能力。

School/Education

培养学生的综合能力。
他的学习能力很强。
这是一个有能力的孩子。
提升解决问题的能力。

Daily Life/Compliments

你真有能力！
他办事很有能力。
找个有能力的人帮忙。
没能力就别逞强。

Business/Economics

公司有能力扩张业务。
偿还债务的能力。
市场竞争能力。
研发创新能力。

Politics/Society

政府的治理能力。
应对危机的能力。
国家安全保障能力。
法律行为能力。

会話のきっかけ

"你觉得在你认识的人中，谁最很有能力？为什么？"

"在工作中，你认为哪种能力最重要？"

"你觉得自己最有能力做的事情是什么？"

"如果一个领导很有能力但脾气不好，你会愿意为他工作吗？"

"我们该如何提升自己的沟通能力？"

日記のテーマ

描述一次你证明自己很有能力的经历。当时发生了什么？你是如何解决问题的？

写一写你心目中一个‘有能力的人’应该具备哪些素质。

反思一下，你目前最想提升哪方面的能力？你计划怎么做？

探讨能力与运气的关系：你认为成功更多是靠能力还是靠运气？

描述一个你认为很有能力的同事或朋友，并列举具体的例子说明。

よくある質問

10 問

It is grammatically awkward. In Chinese, '有能力' usually describes the person's state, not the manner of the action. Instead, say '他工作得很有能力' or '他是一个有能力的员工'.

It is neutral to slightly formal. You can use it in a job interview, a business report, or a casual conversation with friends. It's a very safe, versatile word.

Instead of '无能' (very rude), use '能力有限' (limited ability). For example, '虽然他很努力，但能力有限' (Although he works hard, his ability is limited).

'能力' is general ability or capacity. '才能' refers to talent or a specific gift for something. '有能力' is much more common in daily speech.

Yes, it can. For example, '这台电脑有能力处理大型数据' (This computer is capable of processing large data). However, '功能' (function) is also often used for machines.

In Chinese, the verb '有' (to have) is always negated with '没' (méi). Since the phrase starts with '有', you must use '没有' or '没'.

It is a phrase (verb + noun) that functions as an adjective. This is why it can be preceded by '很' and followed by '的' before a noun.

Usually no. For physical strength, use '有力气' (yǒu lìqi) or '强壮' (qiángzhuàng). '有能力' is for mental or professional competence.

You must include '的' when describing a person. '有能力的人' is correct. '有能力人' is incorrect.

This is a legal term meaning 'capacity for civil conduct.' It refers to a person's legal ability to enter into contracts and perform other legal acts.

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