15秒でわかる
- Means expire, decay, or fall deeply for something/someone.
- Used for deadlines, old buildings, and strong obsessions.
- Avoid for mild preferences or simple breakage.
- Implies a loss of validity, condition, or control.
意味
文字通りには、食べ物やサブスクリプションのように、何かが期限切れになったり失効したりすることを意味します。また、誰かが誰かや悪い習慣に完全に夢中になってしまったと言うためのドラマチックな方法でもあり、コントロールを失うことを意味します。
主な例文
3 / 12Texting a friend about a sale
Der Rabattcode ist nur noch heute gültig, danach ist er `verfallen`!
The discount code is only valid today, after that it will expire!
Describing a neglected old house
Das alte Haus am Ende der Straße ist komplett `verfallen`.
The old house at the end of the street has completely fallen into disrepair.
Admitting a guilty pleasure
Ich weiß, es ist kitschig, aber ich bin der Serie total `verfallen`.
I know it's cheesy, but I've totally fallen for the series.
文化的背景
The 'Lost Places' movement is huge in Germany. Many people photograph 'verfallene' industrial sites from the GDR era. Vouchers (Gutscheine) usually have a 3-year validity period before they 'verfallen' by law. The theme of 'Verfall' is central to Thomas Mann's famous novel 'Buddenbrooks', subtitled 'Verfall einer Familie'. German Romantics loved 'verfallene Burgen' as symbols of nature reclaiming human work.
The 'Sein' Rule
Always remember: if something 'verfällt', it's a change of state. Use 'ist verfallen', never 'hat verfallen'.
No Food!
Don't use it for your old milk. Use 'abgelaufen' for groceries.
15秒でわかる
- Means expire, decay, or fall deeply for something/someone.
- Used for deadlines, old buildings, and strong obsessions.
- Avoid for mild preferences or simple breakage.
- Implies a loss of validity, condition, or control.
What It Means
Verfallen is a word that packs a punch. On one hand, it's about things reaching their end. A coupon might verfallen, or a building could verfallen into disrepair. It signifies a loss of validity or condition. But there's a second, more emotional meaning. It describes a state of being completely captivated or addicted. You can verfallen someone, meaning you're head-over-heels in love. Or you can verfallen a bad habit, like binge-watching a show. It's a total surrender.
How To Use It
Use verfallen when something loses its validity or purpose. Think of expiration dates or decay. For emotional contexts, use it for intense infatuation or addiction. It's not usually used for mild crushes. It implies a deeper, sometimes irreversible, state. You wouldn't say your favorite song is verfallen. But you might say you've verfallen listening to it nonstop. It’s about a significant change in state.
Real-Life Examples
Imagine your favorite streaming service's free trial is about to end. You might say, "Mein Probeabo wird bald verfallen." Or if you're obsessed with a new K-drama, you could text a friend, "Ich bin total der Serie verfallen!" It’s used in everyday life for practical matters and emotional states. Even a historical building can verfallen, showing its decay over time. It’s quite common.
When To Use It
Use verfallen for things that have a set expiry. This includes legal documents, tickets, or subscriptions. Use it for physical decay, like old buildings or neglected gardens. And definitely use it for strong emotional attachments. This includes falling in love or developing an addiction. It’s perfect for expressing a complete loss of control. Think of a dramatic movie moment.
When NOT To Use It
Don't use verfallen for things that don't expire or decay. You can't say your car will verfallen. It might break down, but it doesn't expire. Avoid it for mild preferences, like liking a certain type of coffee. It's too strong. Also, it's not used for simple forgetting. If you forget a friend's birthday, you don't verfallen their friendship. That’s a bit too dramatic!
Common Mistakes
Learners often confuse verfallen with simply 'ending' or 'being forgotten'. They might use it for everyday objects that just stop working. Or they might use it for a temporary feeling. It's important to remember the sense of decay, expiry, or deep obsession.
Similar Expressions
ablaufen: This is the most common synonym for expiring, especially for time limits. "Mein Ticket ist abgelaufen." (My ticket expired.)verjährt: This specifically means 'statute-barred' for legal claims. "Der Anspruch ist verjährt." (The claim is time-barred.)kaputtgehen: This means 'to break down' or 'to get broken'. "Mein Computer ist kaputtgegangen." (My computer broke down.)verfallen sein auf: This is a variation meaning to have a penchant for something. "Er ist auf süße Sachen verfallen." (He has a penchant for sweets.)
Common Variations
in Verfall geraten: To fall into decay or ruin. "Das alte Schloss ist in Verfall geraten." (The old castle fell into ruin.)dem Untergang geweiht sein: To be doomed to destruction. This is much more dramatic.verfallen auf: To have a particular liking for. "Sie ist auf klassische Musik verfallen." (She has a particular liking for classical music.)
Memory Trick
Picture a building falling (fallen) away (ver) into dust. It's crumbling, it's expiring, it's decaying! Now, imagine someone watching this dramatic collapse and falling (fallen) away (ver) from their responsibilities to just stare, completely captivated. They've verfallen to the spectacle!
Quick FAQ
- What's the difference between
verfallenandablaufen?Ablaufenis for time limits like tickets or contracts.Verfallencan be for expiry, but also for decay or deep obsession. - Can I use
verfallenfor food? Yes, if it's past its best-before date. "Das Brot ist verfallen." (The bread has expired.) - Is
verfallenalways negative? Not necessarily. Falling in love isn't negative, but it implies a loss of control. Decay is usually negative.
使い方のコツ
`Verfallen` is a versatile verb with multiple meanings, ranging from literal expiry and decay to strong emotional attachment or addiction. Be mindful of the context to choose the correct meaning. While generally neutral, its use in emotional contexts can feel quite intense. Avoid using it for simple breakage or mild preferences.
The 'Sein' Rule
Always remember: if something 'verfällt', it's a change of state. Use 'ist verfallen', never 'hat verfallen'.
No Food!
Don't use it for your old milk. Use 'abgelaufen' for groceries.
Romantic Drama
Use it when you want to sound poetic about your new crush. It sounds much more intense than 'Ich mag ihn'.
例文
12Der Rabattcode ist nur noch heute gültig, danach ist er `verfallen`!
The discount code is only valid today, after that it will expire!
Here, `verfallen` clearly means the code will lose its validity after a certain time.
Das alte Haus am Ende der Straße ist komplett `verfallen`.
The old house at the end of the street has completely fallen into disrepair.
Ich weiß, es ist kitschig, aber ich bin der Serie total `verfallen`.
I know it's cheesy, but I've totally fallen for the series.
Bitte beachten Sie, dass die Frist für die Einreichung am Freitag `verfällt`.
Please note that the deadline for submission expires on Friday.
Ich glaube, ich bin dem Stricken `verfallen`... Hilfe! 🧶
I think I've fallen for knitting... Help! 🧶
Leider ist die alte Burg seit Jahrzehnten dem Verfall `verfallen`.
Unfortunately, the old castle has been falling into decay for decades.
✗ Mein Handy ist `verfallen`. → ✓ Mein Handy ist kaputt.
✗ My phone has expired. → ✓ My phone is broken.
✗ Ich bin Schokolade `verfallen`. → ✓ Ich mag Schokolade sehr. / Ich bin verrückt nach Schokolade.
✗ I have fallen for chocolate. → ✓ I like chocolate a lot. / I'm crazy about chocolate.
Ich habe versucht, gesünder zu essen, aber ich bin dem Gummibärchen-Konsum `verfallen`.
I've tried to eat healthier, but I've fallen for gummy bear consumption.
Seit ich dich kenne, bin ich dir hoffnungslos `verfallen`.
Ever since I met you, I've been hopelessly fallen for you.
Das Projekt wird bis zum Monatsende `verfallen`, wenn wir keine zusätzlichen Ressourcen erhalten.
The project will expire by the end of the month if we don't receive additional resources.
Mein Netflix-Abo würde `verfallen`, wenn ich nicht rechtzeitig verlängere.
My Netflix subscription would expire if I don't renew on time.
自分をテスト
Wähle die richtige Form von 'verfallen' und das richtige Hilfsverb.
Mein {der|m} Gutschein _______ gestern _______.
Das Perfekt von 'verfallen' wird mit 'ist' gebildet.
In welchem Satz ist 'verfallen' falsch benutzt?
Welcher Satz ist unnatürlich?
Für Lebensmittel benutzt man 'abgelaufen', nicht 'verfallen'.
Vervollständige das Gespräch.
A: Warum kannst du das Ticket nicht mehr nutzen? B: Weil es schon vor einer Woche _______.
Im Gespräch benutzt man meistens das Perfekt.
Welches Wort passt zu welcher Situation?
Match: 1. Ruine, 2. Gutschein, 3. Liebe.
Verfallen kann physisch, rechtlich und emotional genutzt werden.
🎉 スコア： /4
ビジュアル学習ツール
Verfallen vs. Abgelaufen
練習問題バンク
4 問題Mein {der|m} Gutschein _______ gestern _______.
Das Perfekt von 'verfallen' wird mit 'ist' gebildet.
Welcher Satz ist unnatürlich?
Für Lebensmittel benutzt man 'abgelaufen', nicht 'verfallen'.
A: Warum kannst du das Ticket nicht mehr nutzen? B: Weil es schon vor einer Woche _______.
Im Gespräch benutzt man meistens das Perfekt.
Match: 1. Ruine, 2. Gutschein, 3. Liebe.
Verfallen kann physisch, rechtlich und emotional genutzt werden.
🎉 スコア： /4
ビデオチュートリアル
このフレーズに関するYouTubeの動画チュートリアルを探す。
よくある質問
10 問Only in a very literary or cruel way. It implies they are physically crumbling. Better to use 'altern' or 'hinfällig werden'.
Mostly, yes. It implies decay or loss of control. However, being 'verfallen' to a lover can be seen as a 'sweet' surrender in poetry.
'Ablaufen' is neutral (like a timer). 'Verfallen' implies the loss of a right or the physical ruin of something.
In the sense of 'expire', no (intransitive). In the sense of 'succumb', it takes a Dative object.
Only if you mean 'I am in a state of decay' or if the context of what you succumbed to is already known.
Yes, very often for 'Ansprüche' (claims) and 'Fristen' (deadlines).
Use 'verfallen'. Example: 'Ein verfallenes Haus'.
For buildings: 'erhalten' (preserved). For rights: 'bestehen bleiben' (to remain valid).
Usually, we say a law is 'außer Kraft getreten', but a specific right within a law can 'verfallen'.
Yes, especially when talking about vouchers or being 'addicted' to a new TV show.
関連フレーズ
ablaufen
similarto expire
verrotten
specialized formto rot
jemandem hörig sein
similarto be under someone's thumb
hinfällig
builds onobsolete / invalid
