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A2 noun 12分で読める

das Sofa

練習する例文メモとヒント das Sofa 30秒で

解説 das Sofa in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'das Sofa' is one of the first household items you learn. You should know that it is a neuter noun (das) and its plural is 'Sofas'. At this stage, you use it in very simple sentences to describe your home or what you are doing. For example, 'Das Sofa ist groß' (The sofa is big) or 'Ich sitze auf dem Sofa' (I am sitting on the sofa). You focus on basic adjectives like 'bequem' (comfortable), 'neu' (new), or colors like 'grau' (grey). You learn the basic preposition 'auf' (on) and start to see how it changes the article to 'dem' when you are sitting still. The focus is on identifying the object and its most basic attributes in a living room context. You might also learn it alongside other furniture like 'der Tisch' (table) and 'der Stuhl' (chair). The goal is to be able to say where you are in your house and describe a few simple features of your furniture. You don't need to worry about complex grammar, just the gender and the most common prepositional phrase 'auf dem Sofa'.

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At the A2 level, you expand your use of 'das Sofa' to include more specific actions and descriptions. You start using 'Wechselpräpositionen' (two-way prepositions) correctly, distinguishing between movement ('Ich setze mich auf das Sofa') and location ('Ich sitze auf dem Sofa'). You can now describe the sofa in more detail, perhaps talking about its price or where you bought it. 'Wir haben das Sofa bei IKEA gekauft' (We bought the sofa at IKEA). You also start to use compound nouns like 'das Ecksofa' (corner sofa) or 'das Schlafsofa' (sofa bed). You can talk about your preferences: 'Ich mag keine Ledersofas, weil sie kalt sind' (I don't like leather sofas because they are cold). At this level, you should be able to handle simple past tense or perfect tense sentences involving the sofa, such as 'Gestern habe ich den ganzen Tag auf dem Sofa gelegen' (Yesterday I lay on the sofa all day). You are moving from simple identification to describing routines and making comparisons between different pieces of furniture.

At the B1 level, 'das Sofa' becomes a part of more nuanced conversations about living standards, interior design, and comfort. You can discuss the pros and cons of different materials, like 'Stoff' (fabric) versus 'Leder' (leather), and use more complex sentence structures. For example, 'Obwohl das Sofa alt ist, ist es immer noch sehr bequem' (Although the sofa is old, it is still very comfortable). You use relative clauses to provide more information: 'Das Sofa, das wir uns letzte Woche angesehen haben, passt leider nicht in unser Wohnzimmer' (The sofa we looked at last week unfortunately doesn't fit in our living room). You also start to use the word in the context of social interactions and hospitality. You can explain how you renovated your room or why you chose a particular style. Your vocabulary expands to include related items like 'der Sofabezug' (sofa cover) or 'das Sofakissen' (sofa cushion). You are expected to use the correct cases (nominative, accusative, dative, and occasionally genitive) consistently when talking about furniture.

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At the B2 level, you use 'das Sofa' in more abstract or specialized contexts. You might discuss the ergonomics of furniture or the environmental impact of furniture production. 'Die Nachhaltigkeit von Polstermöbeln wie dem Sofa spielt eine immer größere Rolle beim Kauf' (The sustainability of upholstered furniture like the sofa plays an increasingly important role in the purchase). You can express more complex opinions and use idiomatic expressions or more sophisticated synonyms like 'die Récamiere' or 'das Polstermöbel'. You might read articles about home trends where the sofa is described as the 'Mittelpunkt des familiären Lebens' (center of family life). You are comfortable using the genitive case, such as 'Die Farbe des Sofas harmoniert mit den Vorhängen' (The color of the sofa harmonizes with the curtains). You can also participate in debates about 'Couchpotatoes' and the impact of sedentary lifestyles, using 'das Sofa' as a symbol for domestic passivity or relaxation. Your ability to describe textures, design periods, and emotional associations with the furniture is much higher.

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At the C1 level, 'das Sofa' is used with high stylistic precision. You can discuss its historical evolution from a symbol of the 'Biedermeier' era to modern minimalism. You might analyze the role of the sofa in literature or film as a site of psychological revelation or domestic conflict. 'Das Sofa fungiert hier als metaphorischer Rückzugsort vor der feindseligen Außenwelt' (The sofa functions here as a metaphorical place of retreat from the hostile outside world). You are able to use very specific technical terms related to its construction, such as 'Federkern' (spring core) or 'Kaltschaum' (cold foam). You can write sophisticated descriptions for an interior design blog or a marketing brochure, using evocative language. Your command of grammar allows you to place 'das Sofa' in complex passive constructions or subjunctive moods: 'Hätte ich ein größeres Sofa gehabt, hätten alle Gäste darauf Platz gefunden' (If I had had a larger sofa, all the guests would have found space on it). You understand the subtle differences between 'Sofa', 'Couch', and 'Ottomane' and can use them to create specific atmospheres in your writing or speaking.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'das Sofa' and can use it in any context, from academic discussions on sociology to high-level literary analysis. You might explore the 'Sofa' as a cultural construct in the works of German-speaking philosophers or psychologists. You can effortlessly switch between registers, using colloquialisms like 'Sofa-Hocker' in one breath and discussing the 'ästhetische Dimension des Sitzmöbels' in the next. You understand the deepest cultural connotations, such as the sofa's role in the German 'Feierabendkultur' or its significance in the 'Tatort'-watching ritual. You can use the word in complex rhetorical figures or as part of a sophisticated joke. Your language is nuanced enough to describe the 'Haptik' (tactile feel) of the upholstery or the 'Patina' of an antique sofa. At this level, the word is just one small tool in a vast, expertly handled linguistic arsenal, allowing you to express the most subtle shades of meaning regarding home, comfort, and the human condition as reflected in our living spaces.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

das Sofa 30秒で

Das Sofa is a neuter noun (das) meaning sofa or couch.
The plural is formed by adding an 's' (die Sofas).
It is the central piece of furniture for relaxation in German homes.
Use 'auf dem Sofa' for location and 'auf das Sofa' for movement.

The German word das Sofa refers to a long, upholstered piece of furniture designed for several people to sit on, typically featuring a backrest and armrests. In the German-speaking world, the sofa is the undisputed heart of the living room, representing comfort, relaxation, and social gathering. While the word is a direct cognate to the English 'sofa', its usage in Germany carries a deep cultural weight associated with the concept of Gemütlichkeit, a uniquely German sense of coziness and well-being. Germans use this word in almost every context involving home life, from relaxing after a long day at work to hosting friends for a coffee afternoon.

Grammatical Gender: The word is neuter, taking the definite article 'das'. This is crucial for adjective endings and pronoun replacement, such as 'Es ist bequem' (It is comfortable).
Plural Form: The plural is 'die Sofas', following the common pattern for foreign loanwords ending in a vowel where an 's' is added.

Historically, the sofa transitioned from a luxury item for the aristocracy to a standard household staple in the mid-twentieth century. Today, you will hear it in various domestic scenarios.

Nach der Arbeit lege ich mich sofort auf das Sofa.

In this sentence, the speaker emphasizes the transition from the stress of the workplace to the sanctuary of the home. The preposition 'auf' followed by the accusative case 'das Sofa' indicates movement toward the piece of furniture. If the speaker were already lying there, they would use the dative case: 'auf dem Sofa'.

Wir brauchen ein neues Sofa für das Wohnzimmer.

Social Context: Hosting 'Kaffee und Kuchen' (coffee and cake) often involves guests sitting on the sofa, making it a place of social etiquette and hospitality.

Das alte Sofa meiner Großmutter war sehr hart.

The word also appears in professional contexts, such as interior design or furniture sales. When visiting a store like IKEA in Germany, you will see countless variations: Ecksofas (corner sofas), Schlafsofas (sofa beds), and Ledersofas (leather sofas). The versatility of the word reflects the versatility of the furniture itself. Whether it is a place for a 'Mittagsschlaf' (afternoon nap) or a spot to watch the 'Tatort' (a famous German crime series) on Sunday evening, the sofa is central to the German lifestyle.

Komm, setz dich zu mir auf das Sofa!

Das Sofa nimmt zu viel Platz weg.

Compound Words: German loves compound nouns. You will encounter terms like 'Sofakissen' (sofa cushion), 'Sofabezug' (sofa cover), and 'Sofa-Ecke' (sofa corner).

In summary, 'das Sofa' is more than just a seat; it is a symbol of domestic peace and the primary location for relaxation in German culture. Understanding its gender and usage helps learners navigate everyday conversations about home life and comfort.

Using das Sofa correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of German cases, especially when dealing with prepositions of place. Because 'Sofa' is neuter, it follows specific declension patterns that change based on whether you are describing a location or a movement toward that location. This distinction is one of the most common hurdles for English speakers, as English uses 'on' for both scenarios.

The Dative Case (Location): When you are already on the sofa, use 'auf dem Sofa'. For example: 'Ich liege auf dem Sofa' (I am lying on the sofa). The article 'das' changes to 'dem' in the dative case.

Die Katze schläft friedlich auf dem Sofa.

The Accusative Case (Movement): When you are moving toward the sofa to sit or lie down, use 'auf das Sofa' (often shortened to 'aufs Sofa'). For example: 'Ich setze mich auf das Sofa' (I sit down on the sofa).

Beyond simple prepositions, 'das Sofa' often serves as the subject or object of various verbs. Common verbs used with it include 'kaufen' (to buy), 'beziehen' (to cover), 'verschieben' (to move/shift), and 'reinigen' (to clean). Because it is a neuter noun, adjectives preceding it in the nominative or accusative case without a definite article will take the '-es' ending.

Ein bequemes Sofa ist wichtig für den Rücken.

In more complex sentences, the sofa can be part of a relative clause. For instance, 'Das Sofa, das wir gestern gesehen haben, war zu teuer' (The sofa that we saw yesterday was too expensive). Here, the relative pronoun 'das' matches the gender of the noun. You can also use the genitive case to show possession or belonging: 'Die Farbe des Sofas gefällt mir nicht' (I don't like the color of the sofa).

Wegen des neuen Sofas haben wir jetzt weniger Platz.

When discussing the sofa in a plural context, remember that the dative plural takes an extra 'n' for most nouns, but since 'Sofas' ends in 's', it remains 'den Sofas'. Example: 'Auf den Sofas in der Hotellobby saßen viele Gäste' (Many guests were sitting on the sofas in the hotel lobby).

Hinter dem Sofa liegt viel Staub.

Negation: To say 'no sofa', use 'kein Sofa'. 'Wir haben kein Sofa in der Küche' (We don't have a sofa in the kitchen).

By mastering these patterns, you can describe your living space with precision and sound like a native speaker. The key is always to identify if you are describing a state (dative) or an action (accusative).

You will encounter the word das Sofa in a wide variety of everyday situations in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. From the moment you step into a furniture store to the casual conversations you have with friends about their weekend plans, the word is ubiquitous. It is not just a piece of furniture; it is a cultural landmark of the private sphere.

In the Furniture Store (Möbelhaus): When shopping at places like IKEA, XXL Lutz, or local boutiques, you will hear sales assistants ask: 'Suchen Sie ein bestimmtes Sofa?' (Are you looking for a specific sofa?) or 'Möchten Sie dieses Sofa mal probesitzen?' (Would you like to try sitting on this sofa?).

Dieses Sofa ist im Angebot.

In a domestic setting, the sofa is the center of the 'Feierabend' (the time after work). A common question among roommates or couples is: 'Wollen wir uns auf das Sofa hauen und einen Film gucken?' (Do we want to crash on the sofa and watch a movie?). The verb 'hauen' (to hit/throw) here is colloquial for sitting down or lying down quickly to relax.

Das Sofa ist der beste Platz im Haus.

In Literature and Media: German literature often uses the sofa as a symbol of the 'Biedermeier' period, representing a retreat into the private, domestic world. You might hear intellectuals or critics discuss the 'Sofa-Perspektive' of certain authors.

You will also hear it in professional contexts like psychology. While 'die Couch' is the technical term for a therapist's bed (Freud'sche Couch), many people informally refer to it as 'das Sofa'. In office environments, modern 'Co-working Spaces' often have 'Sofa-Ecken' to encourage informal meetings and creative brainstorming.

Wir haben im Büro ein neues Sofa für die Kaffeepause.

Radio and television advertisements frequently feature the word when promoting home goods, cleaning products, or even snacks (the perfect 'Sofa-Snack'). If you listen to German podcasts about lifestyle or home improvement, the choice of the right sofa is a recurring topic of debate, focusing on 'Nachhaltigkeit' (sustainability) and 'Design'.

Schatz, bringst du mir ein Kissen für das Sofa?

Whether you are moving into a new flat and asking friends to help you carry 'das schwere Sofa' (the heavy sofa) up the stairs, or simply telling someone where you spent your Sunday afternoon, this word is an essential part of your German vocabulary toolkit.

Even though das Sofa seems like an easy word due to its English cognate, there are several pitfalls that English speakers frequently fall into. These range from grammatical errors regarding gender and case to subtle nuances in meaning and preposition usage.

Mistake 1: Incorrect Gender: Many learners assume it is masculine ('der Sofa') because some other furniture items like 'der Tisch' (table) or 'der Stuhl' (chair) are masculine. However, 'Sofa' is strictly neuter. Saying 'Mein Sofa ist blau' is correct; 'Meiner Sofa' is wrong.

Falsch: Ich mag den Sofa. Richtig: Ich mag das Sofa.

Mistake 2: Confusing 'auf' and 'in': In English, we say 'on the sofa'. In German, 'auf' is also the correct preposition. Some learners mistakenly use 'in' because they think of sitting 'in' an armchair ('im Sessel'). You sit 'auf dem Sofa', never 'im Sofa' (unless you are literally inside the upholstery!).

A very common error involves the two-way prepositions (Wechselpräpositionen). As mentioned before, learners often forget to switch from accusative to dative when the action is finished. If you say 'Ich sitze auf das Sofa', you are essentially saying 'I am sitting (down) onto the sofa' as a continuous action, which sounds very strange in German if you are already seated.

Falsch: Er schläft auf das Sofa. Richtig: Er schläft auf dem Sofa.

Mistake 3: Plural Confusion: Learners sometimes try to pluralize it as 'Söfa' or 'Sofen'. Neither is correct. The only correct plural is 'Sofas'. This 's' plural is typical for many words ending in vowels that aren't 'e'.

Falsch: Die zwei Sofen sind neu. Richtig: Die zwei Sofas sind neu.

Another mistake is the over-reliance on the English word 'couch'. While 'die Couch' (feminine!) is perfectly acceptable in German, if you use it, you must use feminine articles and endings. Mixing them up—like 'das Couch' or 'die Sofa'—is a very common beginner mistake. Stick to one and learn its gender thoroughly.

Falsch: Die Sofa ist bequem. Richtig: Das Sofa ist bequem.

Finally, watch out for the genitive form. While 'des Sofas' is correct, many learners forget the 's' at the end of the noun itself. 'Die Farbe des Sofa' is grammatically incomplete in formal German.

While das Sofa is the most common term, German offers several alternatives depending on the style, size, and historical context of the furniture. Understanding these nuances will enrich your vocabulary and help you describe living spaces more vividly.

Die Couch: The most common synonym. It is feminine (die Couch, plural die Couches/Couchen). While 'Sofa' sounds a bit more classic, 'Couch' often refers to more modern, casual designs. In many homes, the terms are used interchangeably.
Der Diwan: An older, more poetic term of Persian origin. It usually refers to a low sofa without a back or arms, often placed against a wall with cushions. You might find this in historical novels or very traditional homes.

Er ruht sich auf dem Diwan aus.

Die Ottomane: Similar to 'Diwan', an 'Ottomane' is a padded seat without a backrest or with only a partial one. In modern furniture catalogs, it often refers to the extended part of a corner sofa where you can stretch your legs.
Das Canapé / Kananpee: A French loanword used primarily for elegant, antique sofas with carved wooden frames. It sounds very sophisticated and is rarely used for modern furniture.

When comparing these words, consider the 'Register' (the level of formality). 'Sofa' and 'Couch' are neutral. 'Diwan' and 'Canapé' are elevated or old-fashioned. 'Sitzmöbel' is the technical, collective term used by architects or manufacturers.

Dieses Sitzmöbel ist ergonomisch geformt.

Die Récamiere: A specific type of sofa with high armrests but no full backrest, named after Madame Récamier. It is seen as a piece of 'Designermöbel'.

In a pinch, you can also use descriptive terms like 'die Sitzbank' (bench) if the sofa is very hard or simple, but 'Sofa' remains the safest and most accurate term for your living room furniture. When talking about a sofa that can be turned into a bed, always use 'das Schlafsofa' or 'die Schlafcouch' to be specific.

Hast du ein Schlafsofa für Gäste?

By knowing these alternatives, you can better understand German descriptions of homes, whether you are reading a classic novel or browsing a modern furniture website.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Before the word 'Sofa' became common, Germans often used the word 'Bank' or 'Bett' for similar furniture. The adoption of 'Sofa' marked a shift towards more specialized furniture for leisure rather than just utility.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈzoːfa/

US /ˈzoʊfə/

The stress is on the first syllable: SO-fa.

韻が合う語

Mofa (moped) Strophen (stanzas - near rhyme) Katastrophe (catastrophe - near rhyme) Philosophen (philosophers - near rhyme) Gofen (kids - Swiss German) doofer (dumber - near rhyme) Opa (grandpa - near rhyme) Europa (Europe - near rhyme)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the initial 'S' as a voiceless 's' (like 'snake'). In German, it should be voiced (like 'zebra').
Pronouncing the 'o' too short or like the 'o' in 'got'. It should be a long, closed 'o'.
Stress on the second syllable (so-FA).
Nasalizing the 'a' at the end.
Mixing it up with the English pronunciation of 'sofa' which has a softer 's'.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize because it is a cognate. Only the gender needs to be memorized.

ライティング 2/5

Simple to spell, but requires attention to case endings when using adjectives or prepositions.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation of the initial 'S' as 'Z' is the main challenge for English speakers.

リスニング 1/5

Very clear and distinct word in spoken German.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

das Haus das Zimmer sitzen bequem groß

次に学ぶ

der Sessel der Couchtisch das Wohnzimmer die Polsterung gemütlich

上級

die Innenarchitektur die Ergonomie das Biedermeier die Nachhaltigkeit die Haptik

知っておくべき文法

Neuter Noun Declension

Das Sofa (nom), das Sofa (acc), dem Sofa (dat), des Sofas (gen).

Two-Way Prepositions (Wechselpräpositionen)

Ich lege mich auf das Sofa (movement) vs. Ich liege auf dem Sofa (location).

Plural formation with -s

Die Sofas, die Autos, die Kinos.

Adjective Endings after 'das'

Das bequeme Sofa.

Compound Noun Gender

Das Schlafsofa (takes the gender of 'das Sofa').

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レベル別の例文

Das Sofa ist neu.

The sofa is new.

Simple nominative sentence with the neuter article 'das'.

Ist das Sofa bequem?

Is the sofa comfortable?

Question structure: Verb + Subject + Adjective.

Ich sitze auf dem Sofa.

I am sitting on the sofa.

Dative case after 'auf' because it indicates a location.

Das Sofa ist blau.

The sofa is blue.

Basic color description.

Wir haben ein Sofa.

We have a sofa.

Accusative case with the indefinite article 'ein'.

Das Sofa steht im Wohnzimmer.

The sofa is (stands) in the living room.

Use of the verb 'stehen' for upright furniture.

Mein Sofa ist klein.

My sofa is small.

Possessive pronoun 'mein' (neuter nominative).

Hier sind zwei Sofas.

Here are two sofas.

Plural form 'Sofas' with the numeral 'zwei'.

Ich lege mich auf das Sofa.

I am lying down on the sofa.

Accusative case after 'auf' because it indicates movement.

Das Sofa war sehr teuer.

The sofa was very expensive.

Simple past (Präteritum) of 'sein'.

Kaufst du das grüne Sofa?

Are you buying the green sofa?

Accusative case with an adjective ending '-e'.

Das Sofa ist bequemer als der Stuhl.

The sofa is more comfortable than the chair.

Comparative form of the adjective 'bequem'.

Wir brauchen ein neues Sofa.

We need a new sofa.

Adjective ending '-es' after indefinite article 'ein' in accusative.

Auf dem Sofa liegen drei Kissen.

There are three cushions lying on the sofa.

Plural subject with a dative prepositional phrase.

Das Sofa passt nicht durch die Tür.

The sofa doesn't fit through the door.

Negation with 'nicht' and the verb 'passen'.

Kannst du mir beim Sofa-Tragen helfen?

Can you help me with carrying the sofa?

Compound noun 'Sofa-Tragen' used as a gerund.

Dieses Sofa ist aus echtem Leder.

This sofa is made of real leather.

Preposition 'aus' used to describe material.

Ich verbringe meine Abende oft auf dem Sofa.

I often spend my evenings on the sofa.

Adverb 'oft' and its position in the sentence.

Das Sofa, das wir bestellt haben, kommt morgen.

The sofa that we ordered is coming tomorrow.

Relative clause starting with 'das'.

Man kann auf diesem Sofa auch gut schlafen.

One can also sleep well on this sofa.

Modal verb 'kann' with an infinitive.

Das Sofa nimmt den ganzen Platz im Zimmer ein.

The sofa takes up all the space in the room.

Separable verb 'einnehmen'.

Wegen des Sofas mussten wir den Schrank umstellen.

Because of the sofa, we had to move the cupboard.

Genitive case after the preposition 'wegen'.

Seit ich das neue Sofa habe, bin ich viel entspannter.

Since I've had the new sofa, I'm much more relaxed.

Subordinating conjunction 'seit' introducing a clause.

Früher hatten wir ein viel kleineres Sofa.

We used to have a much smaller sofa.

Comparative adjective with '-es' ending.

Die Polsterung des Sofas ist von hoher Qualität.

The upholstery of the sofa is of high quality.

Genitive construction 'des Sofas'.

Ein Sofa sollte nicht nur gut aussehen, sondern auch ergonomisch sein.

A sofa should not only look good, but also be ergonomic.

Correlative conjunction 'nicht nur... sondern auch'.

Wir haben uns für ein Sofa in L-Form entschieden.

We decided on an L-shaped sofa.

Reflexive verb 'sich entscheiden für' + accusative.

Das Sofa ist das Herzstück unserer Wohnungseinrichtung.

The sofa is the centerpiece of our home furnishing.

Compound noun 'Herzstück'.

Anstatt eines neuen Sofas haben wir nur den Bezug gewechselt.

Instead of a new sofa, we only changed the cover.

Genitive case after 'anstatt'.

Das Sofa lässt sich leicht zu einem Bett umbauen.

The sofa can be easily converted into a bed.

Reflexive construction 'lässt sich... umbauen' for possibility.

Trotz des hohen Preises ist das Sofa jeden Cent wert.

Despite the high price, the sofa is worth every cent.

Genitive case after 'trotz'.

Das Sofa wurde direkt in das Wohnzimmer geliefert.

The sofa was delivered directly into the living room.

Passive voice in the past tense (Präteritum Passiv).

Die Anschaffung eines neuen Sofas will wohlüberlegt sein.

The purchase of a new sofa needs to be well-considered.

Passive-like construction 'will... sein'.

Das Sofa dominiert durch seine wuchtige Präsenz den Raum.

The sofa dominates the room through its massive presence.

Use of abstract nouns like 'Präsenz'.

Es gibt kaum etwas Schöneres, als sich auf das Sofa zu flegeln.

There is hardly anything nicer than flopping onto the sofa.

Colloquial verb 'flegeln' in an infinitive clause.

Das Sofa ist ein Relikt aus einer längst vergangenen Zeit.

The sofa is a relic from a time long past.

Use of sophisticated vocabulary like 'Relikt'.

Die Haptik des Stoffes auf diesem Sofa ist außergewöhnlich.

The feel of the fabric on this sofa is extraordinary.

Niche term 'Haptik' (tactile feel).

Das Sofa erwies sich als Fehlkauf, da es zu hart war.

The sofa turned out to be a bad buy because it was too hard.

Reflexive verb 'sich erweisen als'.

Man assoziiert mit dem Sofa oft familiäre Geborgenheit.

One often associates family security/coziness with the sofa.

Abstract concept 'Geborgenheit'.

Das Sofa wurde im Laufe der Jahre zum Sammelplatz für Krümel.

Over the years, the sofa became a gathering place for crumbs.

Temporal phrase 'im Laufe der Jahre'.

Das Sofa fungiert als soziologisches Barometer des häuslichen Friedens.

The sofa functions as a sociological barometer of domestic peace.

High-level metaphorical usage.

In der Literatur wird das Sofa oft als Schauplatz innerer Monologe genutzt.

In literature, the sofa is often used as a setting for inner monologues.

Passive voice with complex prepositional phrases.

Die schiere Opulenz dieses Sofas sprengt den Rahmen des Zimmers.

The sheer opulence of this sofa exceeds the scope of the room.

Idiomatic expression 'den Rahmen sprengen'.

Das Sofa ist der Inbegriff bürgerlicher Bequemlichkeit.

The sofa is the epitome of middle-class comfort.

Noun 'Inbegriff' (epitome).

Man könnte das Sofa fast als eigenständiges Familienmitglied betrachten.

One could almost consider the sofa as an independent family member.

Konjunktiv II for hypothetical statements.

Die Ästhetik des Sofas steht im krassen Gegensatz zur restlichen Einrichtung.

The aesthetics of the sofa stand in stark contrast to the rest of the furniture.

Phrase 'im krassen Gegensatz stehen zu'.

Das Sofa hat seine Schuldigkeit getan und muss nun entsorgt werden.

The sofa has done its duty and must now be disposed of.

Idiom 'seine Schuldigkeit tun'.

Hinter der Fassade des gemütlichen Sofas verbirgt sich oft gähnende Leere.

Behind the facade of the cozy sofa, there is often yawning emptiness.

Metaphorical use of 'Fassade' and 'gähnende Leere'.

類義語

die Couch der Diwan die Ottomane das Canapé die Récamiere das Polstermöbel die Sitzbank die Chaiselongue

反対語

der Stuhl der Boden das Stehpult die Bank

よく使う組み合わせ

bequemes Sofa

auf dem Sofa sitzen

Sofa kaufen

altes Sofa

Sofa beziehen

auf das Sofa legen

großes Sofa

Sofa-Ecke

Ledersofa

Schlafsofa

よく使うフレーズ

Ab auf das Sofa!

— A casual way to say 'Let's go to the sofa' or 'Time to relax'. Used at the end of a long day.

Endlich Feierabend! Ab auf das Sofa!

Das Sofa hüten

— Literally 'to guard the sofa', but idiomatically meaning to stay at home and do nothing.

Was hast du am Wochenende gemacht? Ach, nur das Sofa gehütet.

Sofa-Surfen

— Couch surfing; staying at different friends' places for free.

Er macht Sofa-Surfen in Berlin.

Vom Sofa aus

— From the comfort of one's sofa (often used for online shopping or working).

Man kann alles bequem vom Sofa aus bestellen.

Ein Sofa für alle Fälle

— A versatile sofa that serves many purposes (sitting, sleeping, etc.).

Dieses Modell ist ein Sofa für alle Fälle.

Das Sofa besetzen

— To take up the whole sofa so no one else can sit there.

Die Kinder besetzen das ganze Sofa.

Sofa-Kino

— Watching a movie at home on the sofa instead of going to the cinema.

Heute Abend machen wir Sofa-Kino.

Sofa-Sportler

— Someone who watches sports on TV but doesn't exercise themselves.

Er ist ein echter Sofa-Sportler.

Das Sofa rückt nach.

— A humorous way to say the sofa is becoming the most important thing.

In dieser Wohnung rückt das Sofa immer mehr nach.

Platz auf dem Sofa machen

— To make room for someone else to sit on the sofa.

Kannst du bitte Platz auf dem Sofa machen?

よく混同される語

das Sofa vs der Sessel

A 'Sessel' is an armchair for one person, while a 'Sofa' is for two or more.

das Sofa vs die Bank

A 'Bank' is usually a hard bench, whereas a 'Sofa' is upholstered and soft.

das Sofa vs das Bett

A 'Bett' is for sleeping, though a 'Schlafsofa' can be both.

慣用句と表現

"Nicht aus dem Quark kommen (auf dem Sofa)"

— To not get moving or be productive, often because one is stuck on the sofa.

Ich hänge auf dem Sofa und komme nicht aus dem Quark.

informal

"Sich auf seinen Lorbeeren ausruhen"

— To rest on one's laurels (often associated with sitting on a sofa doing nothing after a success).

Ruh dich nicht auf dem Sofa deiner Lorbeeren aus!

neutral

"Die Beine hochlegen"

— To put one's feet up (usually on the sofa) and relax.

Nach der Wanderung lege ich erst mal die Beine auf dem Sofa hoch.

neutral

"Einen Sofa-Abend machen"

— To spend the whole evening relaxing on the sofa.

Wir haben keine Lust auszugehen, wir machen einen Sofa-Abend.

informal

"Auf dem Sofa versacken"

— To get 'lost' on the sofa, usually by watching too much TV or falling asleep unintentionally.

Ich wollte nur kurz schauen, bin dann aber auf dem Sofa versackt.

slang

"Das Sofa ist mein bester Freund."

— A humorous expression indicating that one loves relaxing at home.

Am Sonntag ist das Sofa mein bester Freund.

informal

"Sofa-Potato"

— The German version of 'couch potato'.

Sei nicht so eine Sofa-Potato!

informal

"Über das Sofa springen"

— To be very energetic or excited (often used for children or pets).

Der Hund springt vor Freude über das Sofa.

neutral

"Das Sofa zum Glühen bringen"

— To spend an excessive amount of time sitting on the sofa (humorous).

Du bringst das Sofa heute wieder zum Glühen!

informal

"Vom Sofa fallen vor Lachen"

— To laugh so hard that you (metaphorically) fall off the sofa.

Die Komödie war so lustig, ich bin fast vom Sofa gefallen.

informal

間違えやすい

das Sofa vs Couch

Same meaning but different gender.

Sofa is neuter (das), Couch is feminine (die).

Das Sofa ist weiß. Die Couch ist weiß.

das Sofa vs Sessel

Both are upholstered seats.

Sessel is for one person and masculine (der).

Ich sitze im Sessel, du sitzt auf dem Sofa.

das Sofa vs Liege

Both can be used for lying down.

A 'Liege' is more like a cot or a sunbed, often simpler.

Die Gartenliege ist aus Plastik.

das Sofa vs Diwan

Old synonym.

Diwan is masculine (der) and sounds very old-fashioned.

Der Diwan steht im Lesezimmer.

das Sofa vs Hocker

Both are seating furniture.

A 'Hocker' has no back or arms (a stool).

Ich brauche einen Hocker für meine Füße.

文型パターン

Das Sofa ist [Adjektiv].

Das Sofa ist grün.

Ich habe ein [Adjektiv] Sofa.

Ich habe ein altes Sofa.

Ich sitze auf dem Sofa und [Verb].

Ich sitze auf dem Sofa und lese.

Wir kaufen ein Sofa für [Person/Raum].

Wir kaufen ein Sofa für das Gästezimmer.

Obwohl das Sofa [Adjektiv] ist, [Hauptsatz].

Obwohl das Sofa klein ist, ist es sehr gemütlich.

Das Sofa, das [Relativsatz], ist [Adjektiv].

Das Sofa, das ich gestern gesehen habe, ist zu teuer.

Das Sofa dient als [Nomen].

Das Sofa dient als Schlafplatz für Gäste.

Je [Adjektiv] das Sofa, desto [Adjektiv].

Je weicher das Sofa, desto schwieriger ist das Aufstehen.

語族

名詞

Sofakissen

Sofabezug

Ecksofa

Schlafsofa

Ledersofa

Stoffsofa

Sofa-Ecke

Sofa-Tisch

動詞

probesitzen (to test sit)

lümmeln (to lounge)

entspannen (to relax)

polstern (to upholster)

形容詞

sofaähnlich (sofa-like)

gepolstert (upholstered)

bequem (comfortable)

weich (soft)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily life and household contexts.

よくある間違い

Der Sofa ist bequem. → Das Sofa ist bequem.
The word 'Sofa' is neuter, not masculine. This is a very common gender error.
Ich sitze in dem Sofa. → Ich sitze auf dem Sofa.
In German, you sit 'on' (auf) a sofa, not 'in' it. Use 'in' for armchairs ('Sessel').
Ich lege mich auf dem Sofa. → Ich lege mich auf das Sofa.
When there is movement towards the sofa, you must use the accusative case (das), not the dative (dem).
Die Sofen sind teuer. → Die Sofas sind teuer.
The plural of 'Sofa' is 'Sofas'. The ending '-en' is incorrect for this word.
Ich mag das Couch. → Ich mag die Couch.
If you use the synonym 'Couch', remember it is feminine (die), while 'Sofa' is neuter (das).

ヒント

Remember the Neuter

Always pair 'Sofa' with 'das' in your mind. Visualize a neutral grey sofa to help remember it's not masculine or feminine.

Learn Compounds

Learning 'Sofa' gives you access to many other words. Just add the type of material or function to the front: Ledersofa, Schlafsofa, Ecksofa.

The Voiced S

Don't hiss the 'S'. Start the word with a buzz like a bee to get that perfect German 'S' sound.

The Tatort Connection

If you want to talk like a German, mention your 'Sofa-Sonntag' (Sofa Sunday). It's a real cultural phenomenon.

Location vs Direction

Practice the difference: 'Ich setze mich aufs Sofa' (Action) and 'Ich liege auf dem Sofa' (State).

Sofa vs Couch

Use 'Sofa' in more formal writing and 'Couch' in texts to friends. It shows you understand social registers.

Probesitzen

In a furniture store, always ask 'Darf ich probesitzen?' (May I try sitting on it?). It's the standard German way to ask.

Sofabezug

If you have kids or pets, look for a sofa with a 'waschbarer Sofabezug' (washable sofa cover).

Space Planning

Before buying, check if it's a 'Zweisitzer' (two-seater) or 'Dreisitzer' (three-seater) to make sure it fits.

Couchpotato

Don't be afraid to use the English loanword 'Couchpotato' in German; everyone understands it and uses it!

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'ZO-fa' where you can 'Z-Z-Z' (sleep). The 'Z' sound at the start reminds you of the German voiced 'S'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant letter 'S' made out of soft cushions. Picture yourself sinking into the 'S' for 'Sofa'.

Word Web

Wohnzimmer Fernseher Kissen Decke Entspannung Besuch Gemütlichkeit Schlafen

チャレンジ

Try to describe your own sofa in German using at least three adjectives (e.g., color, material, comfort level) and one prepositional phrase.

語源

The word 'Sofa' entered the German language in the 18th century. It originates from the Arabic word 'suffah', which referred to a long stone or brick bench covered with cushions and carpets, typically found in a vestibule.

元の意味： A cushioned bench for sitting or reclining.

Semitic (Arabic) -> Italian (sofa) / French (sofa) -> German.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that in some very traditional contexts, sitting on a sofa while guests are standing might be seen as impolite.

In English, 'couch' and 'sofa' are used, with 'sofa' often sounding slightly more formal. In German, 'Sofa' is the standard term, while 'Couch' is a very common loanword.

The 'Loriot-Sofa': A famous green sofa used by the German comedian Loriot in his sketches. The 'Wetten, dass..?' Sofa: A massive sofa where international celebrities sat during Europe's most successful TV show. Freud's Couch: Though called a 'Couch', it is the most famous 'Sofa' in psychological history, originating in Vienna.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Buying furniture

Wie viel kostet dieses Sofa?
Ist das Sofa aus Leder?
Haben Sie das Sofa auch in Grau?
Können Sie das Sofa liefern?

At home with friends

Setz dich doch aufs Sofa!
Wir können auf dem Sofa einen Film schauen.
Soll ich dir ein Kissen fürs Sofa bringen?
Ist das Sofa neu?

Cleaning/Housework

Ich muss das Sofa absaugen.
Da ist ein Fleck auf dem Sofa.
Wir müssen das Sofa verschieben.
Kann man den Sofabezug waschen?

Moving house

Das Sofa ist zu schwer.
Passt das Sofa in den LKW?
Vorsicht mit der Ecke vom Sofa!
Wo soll das Sofa stehen?

Describing a room

In der Ecke steht ein Sofa.
Das Sofa ist der Mittelpunkt des Zimmers.
Gegenüber vom Sofa ist der Fernseher.
Das Sofa passt gut zum Teppich.

会話のきっかけ

"Hast du ein bequemes Sofa in deiner Wohnung?"

"Welche Farbe hat dein Sofa?"

"Lieber Leder oder Stoff? Was findest du für ein Sofa besser?"

"Wie oft kaufst du dir ein neues Sofa?"

"Was machst du am liebsten auf dem Sofa: lesen oder fernsehen?"

日記のテーマ

Beschreibe dein Traum-Sofa. Wie sieht es aus und wie fühlt es sich an?

Erzähle von einem gemütlichen Abend, den du auf dem Sofa verbracht hast.

Warum ist das Sofa in vielen Wohnungen das wichtigste Möbelstück?

Hast du schon mal auf einem Sofa geschlafen? Wie war das?

Wenn dein Sofa sprechen könnte, was würde es über dich erzählen?

よくある質問

10 問

Both are extremely common. 'Sofa' is the traditional German word, while 'Couch' is a very popular loanword from English. You can use either, but remember the gender difference: 'das Sofa' vs. 'die Couch'.

It depends on whether you are moving or staying still. If you are already there, say 'auf dem Sofa'. If you are sitting down onto it, say 'auf das Sofa' (or 'aufs Sofa').

The plural is 'die Sofas'. It is one of the few German nouns that takes an '-s' in the plural, which is common for words ending in vowels.

No, in German you sit 'auf dem Sofa'. You only use 'in' for armchairs ('im Sessel'), where you are more enclosed by the furniture.

A 'Schlafsofa' is a sofa bed—a sofa that can be converted into a bed for sleeping.

It is strictly neuter: 'das Sofa'. This is a common point of confusion for beginners.

It is pronounced like a voiced English 'z', as in 'zebra' or 'zoom'.

It's a slightly derogatory term for a 'couch potato'—someone who spends all their time sitting on the sofa.

Only in very formal or historical contexts, or when referring to specific antique furniture styles.

An 'Ecksofa' is a corner sofa, usually shaped like an 'L' to fit into the corner of a room.

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