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B1 interjection #7,000 よく出る 9分で読める

Puh!

上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント Puh! 30秒で

解説 Puh! in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'Puh!' is one of the easiest 'feeling words' you can learn. You don't need to worry about grammar or verb endings. Just think of it as the sound you make when you are happy something bad didn't happen, or when you are very tired. For example, if you walk up many stairs, you can sit down and say 'Puh!'. Or if you almost forget your bag but then find it, you say 'Puh!'. It is a great way to show how you feel without needing a long sentence. It helps you sound more like a real German speaker right from the start. Just remember it sounds like 'poo' but with a long breath at the end. It's very common and very friendly.

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By A2, you can start using 'Puh!' in small sentences to describe your physical state or the environment. It is very useful for talking about the weather, which is a favorite German topic. If it is 30 degrees outside, you can say 'Puh, es ist so heiß!'. You can also use it to react to other people's stories. If a friend tells you they had a very long day at work, you can reply with 'Puh, das klingt anstrengend' (Phew, that sounds exhausting). This shows you are listening and understand their feelings. It's a simple way to build empathy in a conversation without needing complex grammar like the subjunctive or passive voice.

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At the B1 level, you should use 'Puh!' to express more nuanced relief and to handle slightly more complex social situations. You can use it when you've successfully navigated a difficult task, like a presentation or a complicated bureaucratic process in Germany. It often introduces a summary of a stressful situation: 'Puh, das war eine schwere Geburt, aber der Vertrag ist unterschrieben.' (Phew, that was hard work, but the contract is signed). At this level, you should also be careful to distinguish 'Puh!' from similar-sounding words like 'Pfui' (disgust) or 'Pah' (contempt). Using 'Puh!' correctly shows that you have moved beyond basic vocabulary and are starting to grasp the emotional 'vibe' of the German language.

For B2 learners, 'Puh!' becomes a tool for managing conversational flow and reacting to abstract concepts. You might use it when discussing a difficult political topic or a complex economic situation: 'Puh, das ist ein schwieriges Thema' (Phew, that's a difficult topic). It serves as a 'filler' that gives you a moment to think while still communicating that you find the subject matter weighty or challenging. You should also be aware of its use in informal writing, like emails to colleagues or friends, where it can soften a statement or add a touch of personal emotion to an otherwise dry message. It helps in mastering the 'register' of the language.

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At the C1 level, you should have a perfect command of the intonation and timing of 'Puh!'. You can use it ironically or to understate a significant achievement. For instance, after winning a major award or completing a massive project, a simple 'Puh, geschafft' can be a form of 'understatement' that is very common in German culture. You also recognize 'Puh!' in literature and high-level journalism, where it might be used to mock someone's exaggerated relief or to highlight the absurdity of a situation. You understand that while it is an interjection, its placement in a narrative can significantly alter the reader's perception of a character's stress levels.

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At the C2 level, 'Puh!' is integrated into your speech as a natural, reflexive response. You can use it to navigate the most subtle social cues, such as signaling that a conversation has become too intense or that you are ready to move on from a stressful topic. You understand the historical and linguistic roots of such interjections and how they vary across different German dialects, even if 'Puh!' itself is relatively standard. You can also use it in creative writing to evoke a specific atmosphere—perhaps the stifling heat of a summer afternoon in Berlin or the tension in a boardroom—using only this single, breathy word to set the scene.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

Puh! 30秒で

Used to express relief when a stressful or dangerous situation ends safely.
Indicates physical or mental exhaustion after a demanding task or long day.
Reacts to unpleasant sensory experiences like extreme heat or bad smells.
Acts as a conversational filler to acknowledge difficulty or high costs.

The German interjection Puh! is a versatile and essential part of everyday communication, primarily used to express a sense of relief, exhaustion, or a reaction to something overwhelming. While it might seem like a simple sound, its meaning is deeply tied to the context of the situation and the speaker's emotional state. In its most common usage, it functions almost identically to the English 'phew!', marking the end of a stressful event or a difficult task. However, German speakers also employ it to react to physical sensations like extreme heat or unpleasant odors, making it a multi-functional tool in the social repertoire of a B1-level learner.

Relief (Erleichterung): This is the most frequent use. When a person narrowly avoids a negative outcome, such as missing a train or failing a test, 'Puh!' signals the release of built-up tension. It is often accompanied by a physical exhale.
Exertion (Anstrengung): After performing a physically or mentally demanding task, like carrying heavy boxes or finishing a three-hour exam, 'Puh!' communicates the fatigue and the effort expended.
Sensory Overload (Geruch oder Hitze): If a room is incredibly hot or smells strongly of something unpleasant, a German speaker might say 'Puh, ist das heiß hier!' (Phew, it's hot in here!) or 'Puh, das stinkt!' (Phew, that stinks!).

"Puh!, das war knapp! Ich dachte schon, ich hätte meinen Schlüssel verloren."

Translation: Phew, that was close! I thought I had lost my key.

Understanding the nuance of 'Puh!' requires paying attention to intonation. A long, drawn-out 'Puuuuuh' suggests deep exhaustion, while a short, sharp 'Puh!' usually indicates a sudden realization of relief or a reaction to a bad smell. As a learner, using this word correctly helps you sound more natural and expressive, bridging the gap between textbook German and the language spoken in living rooms, offices, and on the street. It is also a safe word to use in almost any social setting, as it is neither overly formal nor vulgar.

"Puh, endlich Wochenende! Die Woche war wirklich anstrengend."

Translation: Phew, finally the weekend! The week was really exhausting.

"Puh, hier drin ist es aber stickig. Können wir mal lüften?"

Translation: Phew, it's really stuffy in here. Can we air the room out?

Reaction to Prices: You might also hear 'Puh!' when someone sees a high price tag. It expresses a shock at the cost, similar to saying 'Wow, that's expensive!'

"Fünfzig Euro für ein Frühstück? Puh, das ist ordentlich."

Translation: Fifty euros for breakfast? Phew, that's quite a lot.

Using Puh! in a sentence is grammatically straightforward because it is an interjection. It usually stands alone at the beginning of a sentence or as a complete utterance by itself. It does not affect the word order of the following clause, which is a common point of confusion for learners who might treat it like a subordinating conjunction. When you use 'Puh!', you are setting the emotional tone for whatever follows. It acts as a vocalized sigh that prepares the listener for a statement about difficulty, relief, or a strong sensory impression.

Standalone Usage: Often, 'Puh!' is all that needs to be said. If someone finishes a marathon and sits down, saying 'Puh!' tells the whole story of their exhaustion.
Introductory Position: When followed by a sentence, it is typically separated by a comma. Example: 'Puh, ich bin fix und fertig.' (Phew, I am wiped out.)

"Hast du die Prüfung bestanden? – Ja, gerade so. Puh!"

Translation: Did you pass the exam? – Yes, just barely. Phew!

In terms of punctuation, 'Puh!' can be followed by an exclamation mark to emphasize the intensity of the feeling, or a comma if it leads into a broader explanation. It is never integrated into the sentence structure as a noun or verb. You cannot 'puh' something, nor can you have 'a puh'. It is purely an expression of state. For intermediate learners, the challenge is not the grammar, but the timing. Using it too frequently can make you sound overly dramatic, so it is best reserved for moments of genuine reaction.

"Puh, das war eine schwere Geburt!"

Note: This is an idiom meaning 'That was a tough job/hard work'.

"Puh, ganz schön viel Arbeit für heute."

Translation: Phew, quite a lot of work for today.

You will encounter Puh! in a wide variety of real-life scenarios in German-speaking countries. It is ubiquitous in spoken language, from casual conversations among friends to more professional yet stressful environments. One of the most common places to hear it is on public transport during the summer. As passengers board a crowded, un-airconditioned tram, a collective 'Puh, ist das heiß!' often ripples through the carriage. It serves as a social bonding tool, allowing strangers to acknowledge a shared discomfort without needing a formal introduction.

In the Office: After a long meeting or upon finishing a complex report, colleagues will often exhale a 'Puh' to signal they are ready for a break. It's a way of saying 'That was a lot of brainpower.'
At Home: Parents use it frequently when dealing with children. After finally getting a toddler to sleep, a parent might sit on the sofa and say 'Puh, geschafft!' (Phew, made it!).

"Puh! Endlich sind die Gäste weg. Jetzt können wir aufräumen."

Translation: Phew! Finally the guests are gone. Now we can clean up.

You will also see it in written form, particularly in comic books (Comics) or informal text messages and social media. In comics, it is the standard way to represent a character exhaling in relief. In WhatsApp messages, it is often paired with the 'face with steam from nose' emoji or the 'relieved face' emoji. Because it mimics a natural sound, it feels very authentic in digital communication. It is also common in literature to describe a character's internal state of being overwhelmed.

"Puh, das ist aber eine lange Liste an Aufgaben."

Translation: Phew, that's a long list of tasks.

"Puh, das war anstrengend, aber wir haben es pünktlich geschafft."

Translation: Phew, that was exhausting, but we made it on time.

While Puh! is a relatively simple word, learners often confuse it with other German interjections that sound similar but carry very different meanings. The most common mistake is confusing 'Puh!' with 'Pfui!'. While both are short and start with 'P', their emotional weight is opposite. 'Puh!' is about relief or exhaustion, whereas 'Pfui!' is an expression of disgust, shame, or moral disapproval (similar to 'Shame on you!' or 'Yuck!'). Using 'Pfui!' when you mean you are relieved would lead to significant confusion.

Puh vs. Pfui: Use 'Puh' for relief. Use 'Pfui' for something disgusting or to scold a dog. Example: 'Pfui, ist das eklig!' (Yuck, that's gross!).
Puh vs. Pah: 'Pah!' is used to show contempt or to dismiss something as unimportant. If you say 'Pah!' instead of 'Puh!', you might come across as arrogant rather than relieved.

"Falsch: Pfui, ich habe die Prüfung bestanden!
Richtig: Puh, ich habe die Prüfung bestanden!"

Another mistake is overusing the word. While it is natural in conversation, using it in formal writing like a business letter or a university essay is inappropriate. It belongs strictly to the realm of spoken German or very informal written communication. Additionally, learners sometimes forget that 'Puh!' is an exhale. If you pronounce it with a hard 'p' and a short 'u' like the English word 'put', it won't be recognized. It needs that long, breathy quality to convey the emotion of relief.

"Puh, das ist aber ein stolzer Preis."

Context: Reacting to an expensive item. 'Puh' is correct here, not 'Pfui'.

"Puh, da haben wir aber noch mal Glück gehabt!"

Translation: Phew, we got lucky there!

German has several other interjections and phrases that can be used instead of Puh! depending on the specific shade of meaning you want to convey. If you want to emphasize relief, 'Gott sei Dank' (Thank God) is a very common alternative. If you want to emphasize exhaustion, 'Uff' is a great choice. Understanding these subtle differences will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to vary your vocabulary.

Uff vs. Puh: 'Uff' is much heavier on the exhaustion side. It sounds like someone just dropped a heavy weight. While 'Puh' can be light and relieved, 'Uff' is almost always about a burden.
Gott sei Dank: This means 'Thank God'. It is used for stronger relief than 'Puh'. You would use this if you found your lost passport, whereas 'Puh' might be for finding your misplaced pen.
Wahnsinn / Krass: If you are using 'Puh' to react to a high price or a shocking fact, 'Wahnsinn' (Crazy) or 'Krass' (Extreme) are more modern, slangy alternatives.

"Uff, das Paket ist aber schwer!" vs. "Puh, geschafft!"

In some regions, you might hear local variations. For example, in Bavaria, people might use 'Hui' in a similar way to express surprise or a quick reaction, though 'Puh' remains the standard throughout Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Another alternative for bad smells is 'Igitt!' (Ick!). While 'Puh' can be used for a bad smell, 'Igitt' is more direct and specifically about disgust. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to sound relieved, exhausted, or disgusted.

"Gott sei Dank, der Regen hat aufgehört!"

Translation: Thank God, the rain has stopped!

"Igitt, was ist das denn für ein Geruch?"

Translation: Yuck, what kind of smell is that?

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In German comics, 'Puh' is the standard way to represent a character's relief, much like 'Phew' in English comics.

発音ガイド

UK /puː/

US /pu/

Single syllable, primary stress on the 'u'.

韻が合う語

du Schuh Kuh ruh zu nu tue Clou

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it too short like 'put'.
Missing the breathy 'h' quality.
Confusing the sound with 'Pfui' (pf- sound).

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text.

ライティング 1/5

Simple spelling, no complex grammar.

スピーキング 2/5

Requires correct breathy intonation to sound natural.

リスニング 2/5

Must be distinguished from other short interjections.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

heiß müde fertig Glück schwer

次に学ぶ

Pfui Oha Igitt Hoppla Tja

上級

erleichtert erschöpft anstrengend beachtlich komplex

知っておくべき文法

Interjections as sentence equivalents

Puh! (Stands alone as a full thought)

Position 0 in German syntax

Puh, heute ist es heiß. (Puh does not take a position, 'heute' is pos 1, 'ist' is pos 2)

Punctuation with interjections

Puh, endlich! (Comma or exclamation mark is common)

Onomatopoeia in German

Words like 'Puh', 'Wuff', 'Miau' mimic sounds.

Expressing physical states

Using 'Puh' to introduce a state of being.

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レベル別の例文

Puh, ich bin müde.

Phew, I am tired.

Simple interjection followed by a basic sentence.

Puh, es ist heiß.

Phew, it is hot.

Used to react to temperature.

Hast du den Bus? – Ja! – Puh!

Did you catch the bus? – Yes! – Phew!

Used as a standalone reaction.

Puh, das ist schwer.

Phew, that is heavy.

Reacting to physical weight.

Puh, endlich Pause!

Phew, finally a break!

Expressing relief at a stopping point.

Puh, das war knapp.

Phew, that was close.

Standard phrase for narrow escapes.

Puh, ich habe Hunger.

Phew, I am hungry.

Expressing a strong physical need.

Puh, so viele Leute!

Phew, so many people!

Reacting to a large crowd.

Puh, die Prüfung war wirklich nicht einfach.

Phew, the exam was really not easy.

Adding 'wirklich' for emphasis.

Puh, hier drin riecht es aber komisch.

Phew, it smells strange in here though.

Using 'aber' to emphasize the observation.

Puh, ich muss erst mal tief durchatmen.

Phew, I need to take a deep breath first.

Expressing the need for recovery.

Puh, das ist aber ein langer Weg bis nach Hause.

Phew, that's a long way home.

Reacting to distance.

Puh, endlich Wochenende nach dieser Woche!

Phew, finally the weekend after this week!

Relief after a time period.

Puh, das war aber teuer für zwei Kaffees.

Phew, that was expensive for two coffees.

Reacting to price.

Puh, ich bin ganz außer Atem.

Phew, I am completely out of breath.

Describing physical state.

Puh, zum Glück hat es aufgehört zu regnen.

Phew, luckily it stopped raining.

Using 'zum Glück' (luckily) with Puh.

Puh, da haben wir gerade noch mal die Kurve gekriegt.

Phew, we just managed to avoid disaster.

Idiomatic expression 'die Kurve kriegen'.

Puh, das ist eine Menge Holz für ein gebrauchtes Auto.

Phew, that's a lot of money for a used car.

Idiom 'eine Menge Holz' meaning a lot of money.

Puh, ich dachte schon, ich hätte die Frist verpasst.

Phew, I thought I had missed the deadline.

Expressing relief after fear of failure.

Puh, das war eine schwere Geburt, aber das Projekt steht.

Phew, that was a tough job, but the project is ready.

Idiom 'eine schwere Geburt'.

Puh, ganz schön windig heute an der Küste.

Phew, quite windy today on the coast.

Colloquial 'ganz schön' for emphasis.

Puh, jetzt bin ich aber erleichtert, dass alles geklappt hat.

Phew, now I am relieved that everything worked out.

Explicitly stating 'erleichtert' (relieved).

Puh, das ist aber viel Text zum Auswendiglernen.

Phew, that's a lot of text to memorize.

Reacting to a workload.

Puh, bei dem Lärm kann man sich kaum konzentrieren.

Phew, with that noise one can hardly concentrate.

Reacting to environmental stress.

Puh, das ist ein komplexes Thema, das wir heute besprechen.

Phew, that's a complex topic we're discussing today.

Using Puh to acknowledge intellectual difficulty.

Puh, da müssen wir erst mal die rechtlichen Grundlagen prüfen.

Phew, we first need to check the legal basis.

Reacting to bureaucratic hurdles.

Puh, der Bericht ist aber sehr kritisch ausgefallen.

Phew, the report turned out to be very critical.

Reacting to negative feedback.

Puh, das war ein hartes Stück Arbeit, bis wir uns geeinigt haben.

Phew, that was a hard piece of work until we reached an agreement.

Idiom 'hartes Stück Arbeit'.

Puh, ich weiß gar nicht, wo ich bei all der Arbeit anfangen soll.

Phew, I don't even know where to start with all this work.

Expressing being overwhelmed.

Puh, das ist eine stolze Summe, die ihr da investiert.

Phew, that's a considerable sum you're investing there.

Using 'stolze Summe' as a polite way to say 'expensive'.

Puh, da ist mir aber ein Stein vom Herzen gefallen.

Phew, a weight has been lifted from my heart.

Idiom 'ein Stein vom Herzen fallen'.

Puh, die Konkurrenz schläft nicht, wie man sieht.

Phew, the competition isn't sleeping, as one can see.

Reacting to market pressure.

Puh, diese ethische Fragestellung lässt sich nicht so einfach klären.

Phew, this ethical question cannot be resolved so easily.

Abstract usage in high-level discussion.

Puh, die bürokratischen Hürden in diesem Land sind beachtlich.

Phew, the bureaucratic hurdles in this country are considerable.

Sophisticated vocabulary like 'Hürden' and 'beachtlich'.

Puh, das ist eine gewagte These, die der Autor da aufstellt.

Phew, that's a bold thesis the author is putting forward.

Reacting to intellectual provocation.

Puh, nach der hitzigen Debatte brauchen wir alle eine Pause.

Phew, after that heated debate, we all need a break.

Reacting to social tension.

Puh, die Anforderungen an die neue Stelle sind extrem hoch.

Phew, the requirements for the new position are extremely high.

Reacting to high standards.

Puh, das ist eine ganz andere Hausnummer als unser letztes Projekt.

Phew, that's a completely different league compared to our last project.

Idiom 'eine andere Hausnummer' (different league).

Puh, da hat der Regisseur dem Publikum aber viel zugemutet.

Phew, the director really asked a lot of the audience there.

Critiquing artistic difficulty.

Puh, bei dieser Informationsflut verliert man leicht den Überblick.

Phew, with this flood of information, one easily loses track.

Reacting to modern data overload.

Puh, die filigrane Ausarbeitung dieses Vertrags ist meisterhaft, aber erschöpfend.

Phew, the delicate elaboration of this contract is masterful, but exhaustive.

Using highly formal adjectives like 'filigran'.

Puh, das ist ein wahrer Kraftakt für die gesamte Belegschaft.

Phew, that is a true feat of strength for the entire workforce.

Using the noun 'Kraftakt' (feat of strength).

Puh, die Implikationen dieser Entdeckung sind kaum abzusehen.

Phew, the implications of this discovery can hardly be foreseen.

Discussing scientific significance.

Puh, eine derartige rhetorische Brillanz begegnet einem selten.

Phew, one rarely encounters such rhetorical brilliance.

Reacting to high-level skill.

Puh, diese gesellschaftliche Transformation erfordert enorme Resilienz.

Phew, this social transformation requires enormous resilience.

Sociological context.

Puh, da wurde am Verhandlungstisch wirklich mit harten Bandagen gekämpft.

Phew, they really fought with no holds barred at the negotiating table.

Idiom 'mit harten Bandagen kämpfen'.

Puh, die atmosphärische Dichte dieses Romans ist fast schon beklemmend.

Phew, the atmospheric density of this novel is almost oppressive.

Literary criticism.

Puh, das ist ein diplomatischer Drahtseilakt, den wir da vollführen.

Phew, that's a diplomatic tightrope walk we're performing there.

Idiom 'Drahtseilakt' (tightrope walk).

よく使う組み合わせ

Puh, geschafft!

Puh, das war knapp.

Puh, ist das heiß.

Puh, ganz schön teuer.

Puh, endlich!

Puh, anstrengend.

Puh, keine Ahnung.

Puh, Glück gehabt.

Puh, ein Glück!

Puh, das stinkt.

よく使うフレーズ

Puh, das kann man wohl sagen.

— I completely agree, that was difficult/intense.

War der Test schwer? – Puh, das kann man wohl sagen!

Puh, jetzt erst mal setzen.

— I need to sit down because I am so exhausted.

Puh, jetzt erst mal setzen, meine Beine tun weh.

Puh, das ist ein hartes Stück Arbeit.

— That is a very difficult task to complete.

Puh, das ist ein hartes Stück Arbeit, den Garten umzugraben.

Puh, da fragst du was.

— That's a very difficult question to answer.

Wann wird die Pandemie enden? – Puh, da fragst du was.

Puh, mir reicht's für heute.

— I've had enough for today; I'm exhausted.

Puh, mir reicht's für heute, ich gehe jetzt schlafen.

Puh, da ist mir ein Stein vom Herzen gefallen.

— I am so incredibly relieved right now.

Puh, da ist mir ein Stein vom Herzen gefallen, dass du gesund bist.

Puh, das war eine schwere Geburt.

— That was a long and difficult process.

Puh, das war eine schwere Geburt mit dem neuen Visum.

Puh, das schlägt dem Fass den Boden aus.

— That is the limit; that is too much/outrageous.

Noch eine Mieterhöhung? Puh, das schlägt dem Fass den Boden aus.

Puh, das ist eine andere Hausnummer.

— That is a much bigger or harder challenge.

B1 war einfach, aber C1? Puh, das ist eine andere Hausnummer.

Puh, Schwamm drüber.

— Phew, let's just forget about it/move on.

Puh, Schwamm drüber, wir haben es ja überlebt.

よく混同される語

Puh! vs Pfui

Pfui expresses disgust or shame, while Puh expresses relief or exhaustion.

Puh! vs Pah

Pah expresses contempt or dismissal, while Puh expresses being overwhelmed or relieved.

Puh! vs Pooh

Pooh is an English name or word for excrement; Puh is a German interjection for relief.

慣用句と表現

"Eine schwere Geburt sein"

— To be a very difficult and long process.

Das neue Gesetz war eine schwere Geburt.

colloquial

"Ein Stein vom Herzen fallen"

— To feel a great sense of relief.

Als ich die Zusage bekam, fiel mir ein Stein vom Herzen.

neutral

"Die Kurve kriegen"

— To narrowly avoid failure or a bad situation.

Wir haben gerade noch die Kurve gekriegt.

informal

"Ganz schön viel Holz"

— A lot of money or a large amount of something.

Zehntausend Euro? Das ist ganz schön viel Holz.

informal

"Am Ende seiner Kräfte sein"

— To be completely exhausted.

Nach dem Umzug war ich am Ende meiner Kräfte.

neutral

"Dicke Luft sein"

— There is a bad atmosphere or tension in the room.

Puh, hier herrscht dicke Luft nach dem Streit.

informal

"Den Gürtel enger schnallen"

— To have to save money (often said with a 'Puh').

Puh, jetzt müssen wir den Gürtel enger schnallen.

neutral

"Ins Schwitzen kommen"

— To start struggling or working very hard.

Bei den Aufgaben bin ich ganz schön ins Schwitzen gekommen.

informal

"Das geht auf keine Kuhhaut"

— That is unbelievable/outrageous.

Was die sich erlauben, das geht auf keine Kuhhaut! Puh!

informal

"Den Kopf aus der Schlinge ziehen"

— To narrowly escape a dangerous situation.

Puh, da habe ich meinen Kopf noch mal aus der Schlinge gezogen.

idiomatic

間違えやすい

Puh! vs Pfui

Similar starting sound.

Pfui is for disgust; Puh is for relief/exhaustion.

Pfui, das ist eklig! vs. Puh, das war knapp!

Puh! vs Pah

Short interjection with 'P'.

Pah shows you don't care or look down on something; Puh shows you are affected by it.

Pah, das ist mir egal! vs. Puh, das ist anstrengend.

Puh! vs Uff

Both express exhaustion.

Uff is heavier and more about the weight; Puh is lighter and more about the breath.

Uff, das Paket! vs. Puh, endlich zu Hause.

Puh! vs Hui

Both are short interjections.

Hui is for speed or pleasant surprise; Puh is for relief or heat.

Hui, das war schnell! vs. Puh, ist das heiß.

Puh! vs Igitt

Both can react to bad smells.

Igitt is purely about 'yuck'; Puh is more about the stuffiness or the impact of the smell.

Igitt, eine Spinne! vs. Puh, hier muss man mal lüften.

文型パターン

Puh, [Adjective].

Puh, warm.

Puh, es ist [Adjective].

Puh, es ist spät.

Puh, das war [Noun/Adjective].

Puh, das war Rettung in letzter Sekunde.

Puh, endlich [Verb].

Puh, endlich fertig!

Puh, da [Verb] mir ein Stein vom Herzen.

Puh, da fiel mir ein Stein vom Herzen.

Puh, das ist eine [Adjective] Angelegenheit.

Puh, das ist eine heikle Angelegenheit.

Puh, [Idiom].

Puh, das schlägt dem Fass den Boden aus.

Puh, [Noun]!

Puh, Pause!

語族

使い方

frequency

Very High in spoken German

よくある間違い

Using 'Pfui' for relief. → Puh
Pfui means 'yuck' or 'shame'. Puh means 'phew'.
Treating 'Puh' as position 1. → Puh, ich bin fertig.
Interjections are in 'Position 0'. The verb stays in Position 2.
Pronouncing it like 'Puff'. → Puh (long u)
A 'Puff' is a different word in German (often referring to a brothel). Keep the 'u' long and breathy.
Using it in a formal letter. → None (avoid interjections).
Interjections are for spoken or informal written German only.
Confusing 'Puh' with 'Buh'. → Puh
'Buh' is used to scare someone or to boo a performer.

ヒント

The Breathy Finish

Make sure to let the air out at the end of the word. It shouldn't stop abruptly like a 't' sound.

Context is King

Use it when you sit down after work, when you see a high bill, or when you step into the sun.

Shared Discomfort

Use 'Puh, ist das heiß' to start a conversation with a stranger in a warm room.

Position Zero

Remember that 'Puh' doesn't change the verb position. 'Puh, ich bin müde' is correct, not 'Puh, bin ich müde' (unless it's a question).

Comics and Texts

Use 'Puh' in your WhatsApp messages to show your friends you've had a long day.

Beyond the Basics

Combine 'Puh' with idioms like 'schwere Geburt' to sound more advanced.

Detecting Relief

Listen for the drop in pitch. A falling tone usually means the person is feeling much better now.

German Directness

Germans are often direct about being tired or hot. 'Puh' is a socially acceptable way to express this.

The 'Poo' Sound

It sounds like 'poo', but it means 'phew'. Don't let the sound confuse you with the English meaning!

Avoid 'Pfui'

Never use 'Pfui' for relief. It will make you sound like you are disgusted by your own success.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Puh' as the sound your lungs make when they 'Push' out all the stress.

視覚的連想

Imagine a person wiping sweat from their forehead while saying the word.

Word Web

Erleichterung Hitze Gestank Erschöpfung Pause Endlich Knapp Glück

チャレンジ

Try to use 'Puh!' at least three times today: once when you finish a task, once when you feel warm, and once when you find something you lost.

語源

An onomatopoeic formation, mimicking the sound of a forceful exhale of air from the lungs.

元の意味： The sound of blowing or exhaling to release pressure.

Germanic (Onomatopoeia)

文化的な背景

Generally safe, but avoid using it mockingly when someone else is struggling.

Very similar to 'Phew', but 'Puh' is used more frequently for bad smells than 'Phew' is.

Used frequently in 'Micky Maus' and 'Donald Duck' German comics. Common in German pop songs to describe the end of a long journey. Standard reaction in German TV talk shows when a difficult topic is concluded.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Weather

Puh, ist das heiß!
Puh, ganz schön schwül.
Puh, was für ein Wind.
Puh, endlich Sonne.

Work/Study

Puh, geschafft!
Puh, das war viel.
Puh, ich brauche eine Pause.
Puh, schwere Prüfung.

Shopping

Puh, das ist teuer.
Puh, so eine lange Schlange.
Puh, das ist viel Geld.
Puh, endlich gefunden.

Daily Stress

Puh, das war knapp.
Puh, Glück gehabt.
Puh, fast vergessen.
Puh, da bin ich froh.

Sensory

Puh, das stinkt.
Puh, hier ist schlechte Luft.
Puh, das ist aber laut.
Puh, das blendet.

会話のきっかけ

"Puh, hast du auch so viel zu tun heute?"

"Puh, findest du es hier drin auch so warm?"

"Puh, die Prüfung war echt hart, oder?"

"Puh, endlich ist der Montag vorbei. Wie war dein Tag?"

"Puh, hast du die Preise für die Tickets gesehen?"

日記のテーマ

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du 'Puh, das war knapp!' gedacht hast.

Wann hast du das letzte Mal 'Puh, geschafft!' gesagt? Was hast du beendet?

Was bringt dich im Alltag so richtig zum Schwitzen, dass du 'Puh' sagen musst?

Beschreibe einen Moment der großen Erleichterung in deinem Leben.

Gibt es ein Thema, bei dem du sagst: 'Puh, das ist mir zu kompliziert'?

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but only to acknowledge a difficult task or complex topic. It is common to say 'Puh, das ist ein schwieriges Thema' to show you are taking the matter seriously.

Almost exactly. Both mimic the sound of exhaling air to show relief or exhaustion. However, 'Puh' is also very common for reacting to heat in German.

No, as an interjection, it has no plural, case, or gender. It is an unchangeable word.

In informal writing, you can write 'Puuuh' or 'Puhhh', but the standard spelling in dictionaries is 'Puh'.

No, it's not rude. It's a natural human reaction. However, saying it while someone is talking might seem like you are bored or tired of them, so use it as a reaction, not an interruption.

Usually, 'Puh' is for a 'negative' situation that ended well (relief). For a purely 'good' surprise, words like 'Wow' or 'Hui' are better.

There isn't a direct linguistic opposite, but 'Oha' or 'Ups' are used when tension is rising or a mistake is made, whereas 'Puh' is when tension is released.

Yes, 'Puh' is standard in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

It's a cultural gesture representing wiping away sweat from a stressful or hot situation, reinforcing the meaning of the word.

Yes, 'Puh, keine Ahnung' is a very common way to say 'Phew, I have no idea' when asked a difficult question.

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