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A2 noun #7,000 よく出る 10分で読める

sprich

i.e., that is to say

上位7,000

At the A1 level, you primarily learn 'sprich' as the command form of the verb 'sprechen' (to speak). For example, 'Sprich laut!' (Speak loudly!). You likely won't use it as a connector yet, but you might see it in simple instructions. At this stage, you should focus on the basic verb conjugation and the imperative. The idea of 'sprich' meaning 'that is to say' is a bit advanced for A1, but recognizing the sound and the spelling is a great first step. Just remember: in A1, 'sprich' usually means someone is telling you to open your mouth and make sounds!

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At A2, you start to encounter 'sprich' as a useful little word to explain things. When you are describing your daily routine or your family, you might use it to clarify a detail. For example: 'Ich habe zwei Geschwister, sprich einen Bruder und eine Schwester.' (I have two siblings, i.e., a brother and a sister). It helps you avoid making two separate, short sentences. It makes your German sound a little more connected and professional. You should start looking for this word in short articles or listening exercises where someone is explaining a rule or a plan.

By B1, 'sprich' becomes a tool for better communication. You are expected to describe events and explain your opinions. 'Sprich' allows you to be more precise. If you say, 'Das ist eine schwierige Situation,' you can follow up with 'sprich, wir brauchen mehr Geld.' This level is all about 'Umschreibung' (paraphrasing). Since you might not know every specific German word, you can use a word you know, then say 'sprich' and try to explain it in another way. It’s a great safety net for your vocabulary. You should also be careful with punctuation now—always put a comma before it.

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At the B2 level, you are moving into more abstract topics. You will hear 'sprich' in news reports, business meetings, and more complex texts. You should use it to show logical sequences. For example, in an essay about the environment: 'Die Emissionen müssen sinken, sprich wir brauchen weniger Autos in den Städten.' It shows that you can connect a general goal with a specific action. You should also be able to distinguish 'sprich' from its synonyms like 'beziehungsweise' or 'nämlich' and choose the one that fits the rhythm of your sentence best.

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C1 learners use 'sprich' to add rhetorical flair and precision to their speech and writing. It is used to define complex academic or technical concepts on the fly. You might use it in a presentation to clarify a hypothesis: 'Die Ergebnisse sind korreliert, sprich es gibt einen statistischen Zusammenhang.' At this level, you understand the subtle difference in register between 'sprich' and 'das heißt'. You use 'sprich' to create a sense of immediacy and to guide your listener's logic. Your use of the word should feel natural and effortless, integrated perfectly into the flow of complex, multi-clause sentences.

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For a C2 speaker, 'sprich' is a versatile instrument in a large linguistic orchestra. You might use it ironically, for emphasis, or to bridge very distinct registers of language (e.g., explaining a legal term with a slang equivalent). You are aware of its historical development and can use it in various literary or journalistic styles. You might also notice how 'sprich' is used in different German-speaking regions or how its frequency changes in different media. At this level, 'sprich' is not just a word for clarification; it's a stylistic choice that contributes to the 'Feinschliff' (fine-tuning) of your personal German style.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

sprich 30秒で

Used to clarify or define a previous statement.
Translates to 'that is to say' or 'i.e.' in English.
Usually preceded by a comma in a sentence.
Common in professional, academic, and everyday German.

The German word sprich is a fascinating linguistic tool that functions as a discourse marker, primarily used to clarify, redefine, or summarize a previous statement. While its literal origin is the imperative singular form of the verb sprechen (to speak), in this context, it translates most accurately to the English phrases 'that is to say', 'in other words', or the Latin abbreviation 'i.e.'. It serves as a bridge between a complex or vague idea and a more concrete or simplified explanation.

Register and Usage: In modern German, 'sprich' is frequently heard in both elevated conversational speech and semi-formal writing. It is particularly popular in academic discussions, technical explanations, and journalistic commentary where precision is paramount. Unlike the more formal 'das heißt' (d.h.), 'sprich' carries a slightly more dynamic, rhetorical weight, almost as if the speaker is pausing to ensure the listener is following the logic.

Wir müssen die Fixkosten senken, sprich die Miete und die Gehälter reduzieren.

Example: Clarifying financial terms.

Historically, the use of 'sprich' in this manner is a shortening of the phrase 'sprich das so aus' or 'so zu sprechen'. Over centuries, it evolved from a literal command to speak into a logical operator. When you use it, you are essentially saying, 'If I were to speak this more clearly, I would say...' This makes it an incredibly efficient way to provide definitions on the fly without breaking the flow of a sentence. It is most common in the middle of a sentence, usually preceded by a comma, acting as a coordinating conjunction of sorts.

Logical Function: It performs an 'identifying' function. It doesn't just add new information; it re-identifies the previous information. For example, 'Er ist mein Erzeuger, sprich mein Vater' (He is my progenitor, i.e., my father). Here, 'father' identifies who the 'progenitor' is in a more common register.

Die Deadline ist morgen, sprich wir haben keine Zeit mehr für Pausen.

In terms of CEFR levels, A2 learners begin to see this in reading passages that explain rules or instructions. While A1 learners focus on the verb 'sprechen' (to speak), the A2 learner starts to recognize 'sprich' as a standalone marker. By B1 and B2, students are expected to use it actively to structure their arguments. It is a sign of linguistic maturity to move beyond 'und' and 'aber' towards nuanced connectors like 'sprich'.

Comparison with 'Das heißt': While 'das heißt' (d.h.) is the most standard way to say 'that is', 'sprich' is often preferred in spoken contexts because it is shorter and feels more immediate. In formal legal documents, 'das heißt' remains the king, but in a startup pitch or a university seminar, 'sprich' is ubiquitous.

Using sprich correctly requires an understanding of sentence rhythm and punctuation. It almost always follows a comma and introduces a noun phrase, an infinitive clause, or sometimes a whole new main clause that clarifies the preceding one. It does not change the word order of the following clause, which makes it very 'learner-friendly' compared to conjunctions like 'weil' or 'obwohl'.

The 'Clarification' Pattern: [Statement A], sprich [Clarification of A]. This is the most common structure. Example: 'Das Gerät ist kompatibel mit allen gängigen Betriebssystemen, sprich Windows, macOS und Linux.' Here, the list of OS names clarifies what 'all common operating systems' means.

Er hat die Prüfung nicht bestanden, sprich er muss den Kurs wiederholen.

One of the key advantages of 'sprich' is its ability to bridge the gap between high-register vocabulary and everyday language. If you use a technical term that your audience might not know, you can immediately follow up with 'sprich' and a simpler term. This is a common strategy in teaching and public speaking. For example: 'Wir beobachten eine signifikante Fluktuation, sprich viele Mitarbeiter kündigen.' (We are observing significant fluctuation, i.e., many employees are quitting.)

Placement Rules: 1. Always place a comma before 'sprich'. 2. It cannot start a sentence unless it is a direct imperative (which is a different meaning). 3. It is often used to introduce a summary of a long list of facts.

Die Wohnung ist klein, teuer und laut, sprich sie ist eine Katastrophe.

In creative writing, 'sprich' can be used to create a staccato effect, emphasizing the blunt reality of a situation. It strips away the fluff and gets to the core of the matter. Imagine a detective saying: 'Keine Fingerabdrücke, kein Motiv, keine Zeugen, sprich wir haben nichts.' The word 'sprich' here acts as a drumroll for the final conclusion. It is also worth noting that while 'sprich' is the most common form, some older texts might use 'sprich:' with a colon, though the comma is modern standard.

To truly master sprich, you must look at the environments where it thrives. It is a staple of 'Bildungssprache' (educated language), yet it has trickled down into everyday professional life. You will hear it in the hallowed halls of universities, the glass offices of tech companies, and the fast-paced world of German media.

In the Workplace: During a 'Meeting' (yes, Germans use the English word), a manager might say: 'Das Budget wurde gekürzt, sprich wir müssen Projekte priorisieren.' Here, 'sprich' translates the abstract 'budget cut' into the practical reality of 'prioritizing projects'. It helps align the team on what the news actually means for their daily work.

Der Server ist 'down', sprich niemand kann arbeiten.

In German news podcasts like 'Lage der Nation' or 'Zeit Online: Was jetzt?', journalists use 'sprich' to break down complex political maneuvers. They might explain a new law: 'Das Gesetz sieht eine Übergangsfrist vor, sprich Hausbesitzer haben zwei Jahre Zeit für die Sanierung.' This usage makes the information accessible to a wider audience. It acts as a bridge between the 'Amtssprache' (officialese) and 'Alltagssprache' (everyday language).

In Academic Lectures: Professors use it to define terms. 'Die DNA-Replikation ist semikonservativ, sprich jeder neue Strang enthält einen alten Teil.' This allows the professor to maintain a high academic standard while ensuring students grasp the core concept. It is much more natural in speech than saying 'das bedeutet' repeatedly.

Die Inflation steigt, sprich unser Geld wird weniger wert.

Interestingly, you will also find it in high-quality advertising. Brands use it to translate features into benefits. 'Unser Auto hat 500 PS, sprich Sie sind schneller am Ziel.' It’s a persuasive tool because it leads the customer to a specific conclusion. Whether you are reading a tech blog, listening to a TED talk in German, or just chatting with a colleague about the weekend plans ('Das Wetter wird schlecht, sprich wir bleiben zu Hause'), 'sprich' is the glue that holds logical sequences together.

While sprich is a versatile word, English speakers often stumble when trying to integrate it into their German. The most common error is confusing it with its verbal origins or misapplying it in contexts where a different connector would be more appropriate.

Mistake 1: Confusing it with 'Also': English speakers often use 'also' (meaning 'so' or 'therefore') when they should use 'sprich'. While 'also' indicates a result, 'sprich' indicates a definition. Incorrect: 'Ich habe Hunger, sprich ich esse.' (This sounds like 'I'm hungry, i.e., I eat'—which is weird). Correct: 'Ich habe Hunger, also esse ich.' Use 'sprich' only when the second part explains the first.

Falsch: Ich bin müde, sprich ich gehe ins Bett. (Unless going to bed is the definition of being tired.)

Another mistake involves word order. Because 'sprich' looks like a verb, learners sometimes try to use it as the main verb of the sentence. Remember, in this context, it is an invariable particle. It does not conjugate. You cannot say 'Er spricht das heißt' when you mean 'He means'. You must use 'Er meint' or 'Das bedeutet'.

Mistake 2: Case Mismatch: If you are clarifying a noun in the accusative case, the noun following 'sprich' should ideally also be in the accusative. Example: 'Ich suche einen Experten, sprich einen Fachmann.' (Both are accusative). Using 'ein Fachmann' (nominative) here is a common slip-up, though often tolerated in casual speech.

Richtig: Wir brauchen Hilfe, sprich Unterstützung.

Finally, avoid using 'sprich' to introduce a completely new, unrelated thought. It must always relate back to the previous phrase. If you are changing the subject, use 'Übrigens' (By the way) or 'Apropos' (Speaking of). 'Sprich' is for narrowing down, not branching out. Overusing it can also make your speech sound overly analytical or pedantic, so balance it with other connectors like 'das heißt' or 'um genau zu sein'.

German is rich with connectors that mean 'that is to say'. Choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific logical relationship you want to convey. Here is a breakdown of the most common alternatives to sprich.

Das heißt (d.h.): The most direct equivalent to 'i.e.'. It is universally applicable, from casual chats to legal texts. While 'sprich' is punchier, 'das heißt' is the safe, standard choice. Use 'd.h.' in writing.
Beziehungsweise (bzw.): This word is notoriously difficult for learners. It usually means 'respectively' or 'or rather'. Use it when you are offering a more precise alternative or a secondary option. Example: 'Meine Eltern bzw. meine Mutter kommt.' (My parents, or rather, my mother is coming.)

Vergleich: 'Das ist teuer, sprich unbezahlbar' vs. 'Das ist teuer, genauer gesagt kostet es 1000 Euro.'

If you want to sound more formal, you can use 'mit anderen Worten' (in other words). This is great for summarizing a complex paragraph. In academic writing, you might also see 'nämlich', which is often translated as 'namely'. However, 'nämlich' usually follows the noun it clarifies, whereas 'sprich' precedes it.

Und zwar: This is used to introduce specific details. 'Ich habe ein Problem, und zwar mein Auto ist kaputt.' (I have a problem, specifically, my car is broken.) While 'sprich' redefines, 'und zwar' specifies.
Was so viel bedeutet wie: This is a longer, more colloquial phrase meaning 'which basically means'. It’s great when you are explaining an idiom or a foreign word. 'Er hat den Löffel abgegeben, was so viel bedeutet wie, er ist gestorben.'

In summary, 'sprich' is the 'cool' cousin of 'das heißt'. It is efficient, rhetorically effective, and very common in modern German. By understanding its nuances and how it differs from 'bzw.' or 'nämlich', you can significantly improve the flow and clarity of your German sentences.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"Die Liquidation ist eingeleitet, sprich das Unternehmen wird aufgelöst."

ニュートラル

"Wir haben keine Eier mehr, sprich ich muss einkaufen gehen."

カジュアル

"Er hat mich geghostet, sprich er antwortet nicht mehr."

Child friendly

"Der Hund ist müde, sprich er will jetzt schlafen."

スラング

"Voll der Fail, sprich wir haben verkackt."

豆知識

The use of 'sprich' as a connector is a grammaticalization of the imperative form, turning a command into a logical marker.

発音ガイド

UK /ʃpʁɪç/

US /ʃpʁɪç/

Single syllable, equal stress.

韻が合う語

ich dich mich sich Stich Teich (slant) wich wich

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'sp' like the English 'sp' in 'speak' (should be 'shp').
Pronouncing 'ch' like 'k' or 'sh'.
Adding a 't' at the end (confusing 'sprich' with 'spricht').
Using a long 'i' sound (it should be short like in 'fish').
Pronouncing the 'r' too strongly like an English 'r'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in context once you know it's not just a verb.

ライティング 3/5

Requires correct comma placement and logical pairing.

スピーキング 3/5

Natural integration into speech takes practice.

リスニング 2/5

Clear sound, but must be distinguished from 'spricht'.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

sprechen das heißt und aber

次に学ぶ

beziehungsweise nämlich jedoch allerdings folglich

上級

insofern insoweit demzufolge nichtsdestotrotz

知っておくべき文法

Apposition and Case

Ich sehe den Mann, sprich den Lehrer. (Both Accusative)

Imperative Singular

Sprich! (from sprechen)

Comma usage with particles

..., sprich ...

Coordinating logical markers

X, sprich Y.

Shortening of phrases

Sprich (das so aus) -> sprich.

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レベル別の例文

Sprich bitte langsam.

Please speak slowly.

Imperative form of 'sprechen'.

Sprich mir nach: Hallo.

Repeat after me: Hello.

Imperative used for imitation.

Sprich nicht so laut!

Don't speak so loudly!

Negative imperative.

Sprich mit deinem Vater.

Speak with your father.

Preposition 'mit' + Dative.

Sprich deutlich, bitte.

Speak clearly, please.

Adverb 'deutlich'.

Sprich über dein Hobby.

Speak about your hobby.

Preposition 'über' + Accusative.

Sprich Deutsch im Kurs.

Speak German in the course.

Language name without article.

Sprich jetzt!

Speak now!

Temporal adverb 'jetzt'.

Ich habe frei, sprich ich muss nicht arbeiten.

I have the day off, i.e., I don't have to work.

Using 'sprich' as a connector.

Das ist mein Onkel, sprich der Bruder meiner Mutter.

That is my uncle, i.e., my mother's brother.

Clarifying a family relation.

Wir essen vegetarisch, sprich ohne Fleisch.

We eat vegetarian, i.e., without meat.

Defining 'vegetarisch'.

Er ist pleite, sprich er hat kein Geld.

He is broke, i.e., he has no money.

Colloquial clarification.

Komm um acht, sprich um 20 Uhr.

Come at eight, i.e., at 8 PM.

Clarifying time.

Das Hotel ist zentral, sprich in der Stadtmitte.

The hotel is central, i.e., in the city center.

Defining location.

Sie ist meine Vorgesetzte, sprich meine Chefin.

She is my superior, i.e., my boss.

Clarifying a professional role.

Der Eintritt ist gratis, sprich kostenlos.

Entry is gratis, i.e., free of charge.

Synonym clarification.

Die Miete ist warm, sprich inklusive Heizkosten.

The rent is 'warm', i.e., including heating costs.

Clarifying German rental terms.

Wir sind ausgebucht, sprich es gibt keine freien Zimmer mehr.

We are fully booked, i.e., there are no more free rooms.

Explaining a business status.

Er ist freiberuflich tätig, sprich er hat keinen festen Arbeitgeber.

He is a freelancer, i.e., he has no permanent employer.

Defining professional status.

Die Frist ist abgelaufen, sprich wir können nichts mehr ändern.

The deadline has expired, i.e., we can't change anything anymore.

Clarifying consequences.

Das Gesetz ist eindeutig, sprich es gibt keinen Spielraum.

The law is clear, i.e., there is no room for maneuver.

Clarifying legal certainty.

Sie ist introvertiert, sprich sie braucht Zeit für sich allein.

She is introverted, i.e., she needs time for herself.

Explaining a personality trait.

Das Projekt ist gescheitert, sprich wir fangen von vorne an.

The project failed, i.e., we are starting from scratch.

Clarifying the next steps.

Die Verbindung ist instabil, sprich das Internet bricht oft ab.

The connection is unstable, i.e., the internet drops out often.

Defining technical issues.

Die Inflation ist galoppierend, sprich die Preise steigen extrem schnell.

Inflation is galloping, i.e., prices are rising extremely fast.

Economic terminology.

Die Maßnahme ist kontraproduktiv, sprich sie bewirkt das Gegenteil.

The measure is counterproductive, i.e., it achieves the opposite.

Logical clarification.

Er ist ein Autodidakt, sprich er hat sich alles selbst beigebracht.

He is an autodidact, i.e., he taught himself everything.

Defining a sophisticated noun.

Die Verhandlungen sind festgefahren, sprich es gibt keinen Fortschritt.

The negotiations are stalled, i.e., there is no progress.

Business idiom clarification.

Das System ist redundant ausgelegt, sprich es gibt ein Backup.

The system is designed redundantly, i.e., there is a backup.

Technical jargon.

Die Ressourcen sind erschöpft, sprich wir haben nichts mehr übrig.

Resources are exhausted, i.e., we have nothing left.

Formal clarification.

Sie agiert proaktiv, sprich sie handelt, bevor Probleme entstehen.

She acts proactively, i.e., she acts before problems arise.

Defining professional behavior.

Der Markt ist gesättigt, sprich es gibt kaum noch Neukunden.

The market is saturated, i.e., there are hardly any new customers.

Marketing terminology.

Das Narrativ ist inkonsistent, sprich die Geschichte ergibt keinen Sinn.

The narrative is inconsistent, i.e., the story makes no sense.

Literary analysis.

Die Korrelation impliziert keine Kausalität, sprich A verursacht nicht zwingend B.

Correlation does not imply causation, i.e., A does not necessarily cause B.

Scientific logic.

Die Architektur ist minimalistisch, sprich auf das Wesentliche reduziert.

The architecture is minimalist, i.e., reduced to the essentials.

Artistic description.

Das Unternehmen ist insolvent, sprich zahlungsunfähig.

The company is insolvent, i.e., unable to pay.

Legal/Financial term.

Die kognitive Dissonanz ist spürbar, sprich sein Handeln widerspricht seinen Werten.

The cognitive dissonance is palpable, i.e., his actions contradict his values.

Psychological terminology.

Die Syntax ist hochkomplex, sprich die Sätze sind schwer zu verstehen.

The syntax is highly complex, i.e., the sentences are hard to understand.

Linguistic analysis.

Die Biodiversität ist bedroht, sprich viele Arten sterben aus.

Biodiversity is threatened, i.e., many species are going extinct.

Environmental science.

Das Mandat ist zeitlich begrenzt, sprich es endet im Dezember.

The mandate is limited in time, i.e., it ends in December.

Political terminology.

Die ontologische Differenz ist zentral, sprich der Unterschied zwischen Sein und Seiendem.

The ontological difference is central, i.e., the difference between Being and beings.

Philosophical discourse.

Das Werk ist eklektisch, sprich es bedient sich verschiedener Stile.

The work is eclectic, i.e., it makes use of various styles.

Art criticism.

Die bürokratischen Hürden sind exorbitant, sprich fast unüberwindbar.

The bureaucratic hurdles are exorbitant, i.e., almost insurmountable.

Hyperbolic formal speech.

Seine Rhetorik ist populistisch, sprich er bedient einfache Instinkte.

His rhetoric is populist, i.e., he caters to simple instincts.

Political analysis.

Die fiskalische Disziplin ist unabdingbar, sprich wir dürfen keine Schulden machen.

Fiscal discipline is indispensable, i.e., we must not incur debt.

High-level economic policy.

Das Phänomen ist ubiquitär, sprich es kommt überall vor.

The phenomenon is ubiquitous, i.e., it occurs everywhere.

Academic terminology.

Die Epistemologie hinterfragt das Wissen, sprich wie wir erkennen.

Epistemology questions knowledge, i.e., how we perceive.

Philosophical definition.

Die Semantik ist mehrdeutig, sprich das Wort hat mehrere Bedeutungen.

The semantics are ambiguous, i.e., the word has several meanings.

Linguistic precision.

よく使う組み合わせ

..., sprich also

..., sprich im Klartext

..., sprich für uns

..., sprich konkret

..., sprich effektiv

..., sprich unterm Strich

..., sprich im Grunde

..., sprich praktisch

..., sprich letztlich

..., sprich theoretisch

よく使うフレーズ

Sprich dich aus!

Sprich nicht davon.

Sprich für dich selbst.

So zu sprich...

Sprich leise.

Sprich die Wahrheit.

Sprich kein Wort.

Sprich ihn an.

Sprich deutlicher.

Sprich mir nach.

よく混同される語

sprich vs spricht

This is the verb form for he/she/it. 'Er spricht' (He speaks) vs. '..., sprich...' (..., i.e. ...).

sprich vs also

'Also' means 'so/therefore', while 'sprich' means 'that is to say'.

sprich vs Sprichwort

A noun meaning 'proverb'. 'Sprich' is just a part of it.

慣用句と表現

"Sprich vom Teufel..."

Speak of the devil (and he appears).

Sprich vom Teufel, da kommt er ja!

informal

"Bilder sprechen Bände."

Pictures speak volumes (say a lot).

Sein Gesicht sprach Bände.

neutral

"Über Geld spricht man nicht."

One doesn't talk about money (cultural norm).

In Deutschland gilt: Über Geld spricht man nicht.

neutral

"Für sich selbst sprechen."

To speak for itself (to be obvious).

Die Ergebnisse sprechen für sich selbst.

neutral

"Eine deutliche Sprache sprechen."

To send a clear message.

Die Zahlen sprechen eine deutliche Sprache.

formal

"Jemandem aus der Seele sprechen."

To say exactly what someone else is thinking/feeling.

Du sprichst mir aus der Seele!

neutral

"Auf jemanden nicht gut zu sprechen sein."

To be angry with someone.

Er ist auf seinen Chef nicht gut zu sprechen.

informal

"Durch die Blume sprechen."

To speak in riddles or indirectly.

Sag es direkt und sprich nicht durch die Blume.

neutral

"Ein Machtwort sprechen."

To put one's foot down / have the final say.

Der Vater musste ein Machtwort sprechen.

neutral

"Bände sprechen."

To speak volumes.

Das Schweigen sprach Bände.

neutral

間違えやすい

sprich vs das heißt

They mean the same thing.

'Das heißt' is more formal and common in writing; 'sprich' is more dynamic and rhetorical.

Er ist krank, d.h. er kommt nicht. / Er ist krank, sprich er kommt nicht.

sprich vs beziehungsweise

Both clarify relationships.

'Bzw.' usually means 'or rather' or 'respectively', whereas 'sprich' means 'this equals that'.

Meine Eltern bzw. mein Vater (or rather my father).

sprich vs nämlich

Both explain something.

'Nämlich' usually follows the subject and gives a reason; 'sprich' introduces a definition.

Er kam zu spät, er hatte nämlich einen Unfall.

sprich vs und zwar

Both add detail.

'Und zwar' introduces specific examples or facts; 'sprich' redefines the whole idea.

Ich habe Obst gekauft, und zwar Äpfel.

sprich vs eben

Both can be particles.

'Eben' means 'just' or 'exactly', often for emphasis; 'sprich' is for clarification.

Das ist eben so.

文型パターン

Statement, sprich Definition.

Das ist gratis, sprich kostenlos.

Fact, sprich Consequence.

Es regnet, sprich wir bleiben hier.

Technical Term, sprich Simple Term.

Die Fluktuation ist hoch, sprich viele Leute gehen.

Abstract Idea, sprich Concrete Example.

Die Architektur ist barock, sprich sehr dekoriert.

Sprich + Adverb! (Imperative)

Sprich laut!

Sprich mit + Person.

Sprich mit deiner Mutter.

Statement, sprich Clause.

Er ist weg, sprich er kommt nie wieder.

Complex Noun, sprich Noun Phrase.

Das ist ein Alleinstellungsmerkmal, sprich ein besonderer Vorteil.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

High in spoken and written explanatory German.

よくある間違い

Ich habe Hunger, sprich ich esse ein Brot. → Ich habe Hunger, also esse ich ein Brot.
'Sprich' is for definitions, 'also' is for results.
Er spricht das heißt... → Das heißt...
Don't combine 'spricht' and 'das heißt'. Use one or the other.
Er sprich gut Deutsch. → Er spricht gut Deutsch.
As a verb, you need the 't' for the third person singular.
..., sprich, ... (double comma) → ..., sprich ...
Only one comma before 'sprich', none after it.
Ich mag Obst, sprich Äpfel. → Ich mag Obst, und zwar Äpfel.
'Und zwar' is better for specific examples; 'sprich' is better for synonyms.

ヒント

Comma First

Always remember the comma before 'sprich' to separate your ideas properly.

The Equal Sign

If you can replace the word with an '=' sign, 'sprich' is the right choice.

No 'T'!

Ensure you don't say 'spricht'. The 't' makes it 'he/she/it speaks', which confuses the listener.

Academic Flair

Use 'sprich' in university seminars to clarify complex theories. It sounds very smart.

Case Matching

Try to match the case of the noun after 'sprich' to the noun before it.

Focus on the Pause

Natives often pause slightly before 'sprich'. This is your cue that a summary is coming.

Variety

Alternate between 'sprich' and 'das heißt' to make your German sound more natural.

Speak to Simplify

Associate 'sprich' with 'simplify'. Both start with 'S'.

Not for 'Therefore'

Don't use it for results. 'I'm tired, sprich I sleep' is wrong. Use 'also' there.

Clarity is Key

Germans love clarity. 'Sprich' is your best friend for being clear.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'sprich' as 'Speak clarity'. When you say 'sprich', you are about to speak the clear version of a hard idea.

視覚的連想

Imagine a bridge between a dark, foggy cloud (complex idea) and a bright sun (clear explanation). The bridge is labeled 'sprich'.

Word Web

sprechen Sprache Sprichwort das heißt Klarheit Definition Erklärung Logik

チャレンジ

Try to use 'sprich' three times today when explaining something to a friend or in your journal.

語源

Derived from the Old High German 'sprehhan', which means to speak or make a sound. It is related to the English 'speak'.

元の意味： To utter words or to make a noise with the mouth.

Germanic

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral logical marker.

English speakers use 'i.e.' or 'that is' in similar ways, but 'sprich' feels more integrated into spoken language than 'i.e.' does in English.

Sprich, damit ich dich sehe (Socrates, often quoted in German). Sprichwort-Sammlungen by the Brothers Grimm. Modern German rap often uses 'sprich' for rhythmic clarification.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Explaining a technical term

Das ist ein Algorithmus, sprich eine Rechenvorschrift.
Es ist verschlüsselt, sprich sicher.
Die Latenz ist hoch, sprich es dauert lange.
Es ist kompatibel, sprich es passt.

Clarifying a plan

Wir treffen uns um 5, sprich am Bahnhof.
Ich bringe Salat mit, sprich für alle.
Wir fahren mit dem Auto, sprich wir haben Platz.
Es wird spät, sprich nach Mitternacht.

Defining family relations

Das ist meine Nichte, sprich die Tochter meines Bruders.
Er ist mein Schwager, sprich der Mann meiner Schwester.
Sie sind meine Schwiegereltern, sprich die Eltern meiner Frau.
Das ist mein Cousin, sprich der Sohn meiner Tante.

Summarizing a situation

Kein Geld, kein Job, sprich eine Krise.
Sonne, Strand, Meer, sprich Urlaub.
Viel Arbeit, wenig Schlaf, sprich Stress.
Alles fertig, sprich wir können gehen.

Giving a command (Verb use)

Sprich lauter!
Sprich die Wahrheit!
Sprich nicht mit Fremden.
Sprich mit mir.

会話のきっかけ

"Du hast 'sprich' gesagt, meintest du damit...?"

"Können wir das Budget kürzen, sprich an Marketing sparen?"

"Ist er dein Partner, sprich seid ihr fest zusammen?"

"Die Deadline ist morgen, sprich wir arbeiten die Nacht durch?"

"Das Wetter ist 'bescheiden', sprich es regnet nur?"

日記のテーマ

Was ist dein größtes Ziel, sprich was willst du dieses Jahr erreichen?

Beschreibe deinen Traumjob, sprich was würdest du jeden Tag tun?

Was bedeutet Freundschaft für dich, sprich welche Werte sind wichtig?

Wie sieht ein perfekter Tag aus, sprich von morgens bis abends?

Warum lernst du Deutsch, sprich was ist deine Motivation?

よくある質問

10 問

In the sense of 'that is to say', it is an explanatory particle or discourse marker. Grammatically, it is the imperative singular of 'sprechen', but its function has shifted.

Only if you are using it as an imperative (e.g., 'Sprich mit mir!'). As a connector meaning 'i.e.', it almost always follows a comma in the middle of a sentence.

No, it is widely used in professional and academic settings. However, using it in very formal legal documents is less common than 'das heißt'.

No. The words following 'sprich' follow the standard rules for noun phrases or main clauses. It does not act like 'weil' or 'dass'.

'd.h.' is the abbreviation for 'das heißt'. You use 'd.h.' in writing. You say 'sprich' or 'das heißt' in speech. 'Sprich' is slightly more modern and punchy.

No. 'Sprich' is for identity/definition, not for cause and effect. Use 'also' or 'darum' for 'therefore'.

Yes, in standard German writing, a comma is required before 'sprich' when it is used as a connector.

It is the 'ich-laut'. It’s like a soft hiss in the middle of the mouth, not the 'ach-laut' in the back of the throat like 'Bach'.

Yes, it is standard throughout the German-speaking world (D-A-CH regions).

It likely comes from an old rhetorical style where the speaker tells the listener (or themselves) to 'speak it this way' for clarity.

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