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B1 verb #3,000 よく出る 8分で読める

جلو آمدن

jelo amadan
At the A1 level, learners should focus on the literal, physical meaning of 'jolo āmadan'. It is taught as a simple command or a basic description of movement. For example, 'jolo biā' (come forward) is a phrase you might hear in a classroom or from a parent. At this stage, the focus is on recognizing 'jolo' as 'front' and 'āmadan' as 'to come'. Learners should be able to use it in the present simple or imperative to give or follow basic directions. The goal is to understand that someone is moving towards the speaker. Vocabulary is kept concrete, and complex conjugations are avoided in favor of high-frequency forms like the imperative.
At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'jolo āmadan' in past and future contexts. They can describe simple sequences of events, such as 'I saw him, and then he came forward.' They also start to use prepositions like 'be' (to) or 'nazdik' (near) with the verb. A2 learners should be comfortable with the basic negation 'jolo na-āmad' and the continuous form 'jolo mi-āyad'. The focus shifts from just commands to simple storytelling and describing everyday interactions, like waiting in a line or moving a car. They also start to distinguish it from 'jolo raftan' (to go forward).
At the B1 level (the target level for this word), learners use 'jolo āmadan' in a variety of social and semi-formal contexts. They understand its metaphorical uses, such as 'coming forward' to help or 'stepping up' for a responsibility. B1 learners can use the verb in more complex sentence structures, including conditional sentences ('If you come forward, I can see you'). They are also aware of the difference between formal 'āmadan' and informal 'umadan'. This level involves using the verb to describe social dynamics, such as someone approaching another person at a party or a witness coming forward in a news story.
At the B2 level, learners use 'jolo āmadan' with greater nuance and idiomatic accuracy. They can use it in professional settings to discuss the progress of a project or the advancement of an idea. They are familiar with related compound verbs like 'pish āmadan' (to occur) and can explain why they chose 'jolo āmadan' over a synonym. B2 learners also handle the passive voice or more complex modal constructions (e.g., 'He should have come forward'). They can use the verb to describe subtle social cues and intentions in literature or film analysis.
At the C1 level, 'jolo āmadan' is used with full native-like flexibility. The learner understands its use in various registers, from street slang to poetic or academic prose. They can use it to describe abstract concepts like 'the advancement of technology' or 'the progression of a disease' (though more specific terms might exist, they know when 'jolo āmadan' adds a specific descriptive flavor). C1 learners are also adept at using the verb in complex rhetorical structures and can identify the emotional weight the verb carries in different contexts, such as a sense of threat or a sense of relief.
At the C2 level, mastery of 'jolo āmadan' includes an appreciation of its etymological roots and its role in the evolution of Persian compound verbs. The learner can use it in highly sophisticated ways, such as in legal arguments or philosophical discussions about motion and time. They can play with the verb in creative writing, using it to personify inanimate objects or abstract ideas. A C2 learner can also explain the linguistic mechanics of the verb to others and has a deep understanding of how it interacts with Persian prosody and rhythm in classical and modern poetry.
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جلو آمدن 30秒で

  • Literally means to move forward or approach the speaker in physical space, like stepping up in a line.
  • Metaphorically used for taking initiative, volunteering, or 'coming forward' with information or help in social situations.
  • As a compound verb, only the 'āmadan' part changes for tense and person, while 'jolo' stays the same.
  • Commonly heard in directions, queues, and news reports regarding witnesses or military advancements.

The Persian compound verb جلو آمدن (jolo āmadan) is a fundamental motion verb that primarily translates to "to come forward," "to advance," or "to approach." At its core, it combines the adverb جلو (meaning front, ahead, or forward) with the high-frequency verb آمدن (to come). This combination creates a dynamic sense of movement toward the speaker or toward a focal point. In a physical sense, it describes someone or something reducing the distance between themselves and a target by moving in a forward direction. However, its utility extends far beyond mere physical displacement.

Physical Proximity
The most literal use involves stepping forward in space, such as a student coming to the front of a classroom or a car pulling forward in a queue.
Metaphorical Advancement
In abstract contexts, it can signify progress in a project, a negotiation, or a relationship where one party 'steps up' to take initiative.
Social Interaction
It is frequently used when someone approaches another person to start a conversation or offer assistance.

"لطفاً کمی جلو بیایید تا صدایتان را بهتر بشنوم."

— Please come forward a bit so I can hear your voice better.

Understanding جلو آمدن requires recognizing the perspective of the observer. Because it uses 'to come' (آمدن) rather than 'to go' (رفتن), the movement is typically perceived as being toward the speaker's current location or a point of interest they are focusing on. If the movement were away from the speaker toward a distant front, جلو رفتن would be used instead. This distinction is crucial for learners to master the spatial orientation inherent in Persian verbs.

"وقتی پلیس اشاره کرد، راننده جلو آمد."

— When the police signaled, the driver moved forward.

In academic or formal settings, this verb might be replaced by more specific terms like پیشروی کردن (to advance/invade) or تقرب جستن (to seek proximity), but جلو آمدن remains the most versatile and common way to express the act of approaching or moving to the front in daily life. Whether you are asking someone to step forward in a line or describing how a date is approaching on a calendar, this verb provides the necessary framework for expressing forward motion.

Temporal Use
Sometimes used to describe events 'moving forward' or coming closer in time, though 'nazdik shodan' is more common for time.
Initiative
To 'come forward' with information or to volunteer for a task.

"هیچ‌کس برای کمک جلو نیامد."

— No one came forward to help.

Mastering جلو آمدن involves understanding its conjugation as a compound verb and its placement within a sentence. As a compound verb, the first part جلو remains static, while the second part آمدن undergoes all the morphological changes for tense, person, and mood. This is a key feature of Persian grammar that learners must internalize to speak fluently.

Present Continuous
To say 'I am coming forward,' you use 'dāram jolo mi-āyam'. The 'mi-' prefix is essential for the continuous aspect.
Imperative Mood
The command 'Come forward!' is 'jolo bi-ā' (singular/informal) or 'jolo bi-āyid' (plural/formal).
Past Simple
'He/She came forward' is simply 'jolo āmad'.

"او شجاعانه جلو آمد و حقیقت را گفت."

— He came forward bravely and told the truth.

In terms of sentence structure, جلو آمدن usually takes an optional prepositional phrase to indicate the destination or the person being approached. The preposition به سمتِ (towards) or به طرفِ (towards) is frequently used. For example, 'jolo āmad be samte man' (He came forward towards me). Note that in informal Persian, the preposition might be dropped or replaced by a simple object suffix.

"چرا جلو نمی‌آیی تا با هم صحبت کنیم؟"

— Why don't you come forward so we can talk together?

The verb also functions in various registers. In spoken Tehrani dialect, the 'ā' sound in 'āmadan' often shifts toward 'u' in certain contexts, though 'jolo āmadan' usually retains its standard pronunciation more than other verbs. However, the imperative 'bi-ā' is almost universally used in speech. When writing, ensure you keep the two parts of the compound verb separate but conceptually linked.

Formal Writing
Use full forms like 'jolo āmadand' (they came forward).
Informal Speech
Shorten to 'jolo āmadan' or 'jolo umadan'.

"ماشین‌ها یکی‌یکی جلو می‌آمدند."

— The cars were coming forward one by one.

You will encounter جلو آمدن in a wide array of daily scenarios, from the mundane to the dramatic. Its frequency in spoken Persian makes it an essential verb for any B1-level learner to recognize instantly. One of the most common places to hear it is in public spaces where crowds are managed or directions are given.

At the Airport/Bank
Staff will often say 'nafar-e ba'di jolo bi-āyad' (next person, please come forward) to manage queues.
In Traffic
Drivers might shout 'jolo bi-ā!' to tell someone to pull their car forward to make room.
In Classrooms
Teachers ask students to 'jolo bi-ā' to present or write on the board.

"در صف نانوایی، شاطر گفت: جلو بیایید!"

— In the bakery line, the baker said: Come forward!

Beyond physical movement, you'll hear this verb in news reports and documentaries when discussing social movements or legal cases. For instance, when witnesses are asked to provide testimony, the phrase جلو آمدنِ شاهدان (witnesses coming forward) is standard. It implies a sense of courage and voluntary action. In sports commentary, it describes a player advancing toward the goal or a defender stepping up to challenge an opponent.

"گزارشگر گفت که ارتش در حال جلو آمدن است."

— The reporter said the army is currently advancing.

In literature and storytelling, جلو آمدن is used to build tension. A character might 'slowly come forward' from the shadows. The verb conveys the intent and the directionality of the action, allowing the reader to visualize the scene clearly. In modern business contexts, it can also refer to 'stepping up' to take responsibility for a project.

Movies/Drama
Used for dramatic confrontations or reveals.
News
Used for military advances or civic participation.

"او برای قبول مسئولیت جلو آمد."

— He stepped forward to accept the responsibility.

While جلو آمدن seems straightforward, learners often stumble on its nuances and its relationship with similar verbs. The most frequent error involves confusing it with جلو رفتن (to go forward). The difference is purely directional: 'āmadan' is toward the speaker, 'raftan' is away from the speaker. Using the wrong one can confuse the listener about your location or the target of the movement.

Confusing with 'Nazdik Shodan'
While both mean getting closer, 'nazdik shodan' focuses on the proximity, while 'jolo āmadan' focuses on the forward motion.
Incorrect Negation
Learners sometimes say 'najolo āmad' instead of the correct 'jolo na-āmad'. The negation always attaches to the verb part.
Overusing in Abstract Contexts
For 'making progress' in a general sense, 'pishraft kardan' is often better than 'jolo āmadan'.

"اشتباه: او به سمت من جلو رفت (وقتی منظور آمدن است)."

— Mistake: He went forward toward me (when 'came' is intended).

Another common pitfall is the conjugation of the present stem. The present stem of 'āmadan' is 'āy'. Many learners forget to add the 'bi-' prefix in the imperative or the 'mi-' in the present continuous, leading to 'jolo ā' instead of 'jolo bi-ā'. Additionally, in compound verbs, the stress usually falls on the first part (jolo), but the grammatical markers must still be correctly applied to the second part.

"اشتباه: نجلو بیا! درست: جلو نیا!"

— Wrong: Don't come forward (incorrect prefix placement). Right: Jolo na-yā!

Lastly, be careful with the preposition 'be'. While 'jolo āmadan be...' is common, sometimes learners use 'dar' (in) which is incorrect for motion toward a point. Always use 'be' or 'be samte' to indicate the destination of the forward movement.

Preposition Error
Using 'dar' instead of 'be' for destination.
Stem Confusion
Confusing 'āmad' (past) with 'āy' (present).

To truly understand جلو آمدن, it helps to compare it with its synonyms and related verbs. Persian has a rich vocabulary for motion, and choosing the right word depends on the specific nuance you want to convey. While 'jolo āmadan' is the most common, others might be more appropriate in specific contexts.

پیش آمدن (Pish Āmadan)
Often used to mean 'to occur' or 'to happen' (e.g., a problem came up), but can also mean to come forward in a more formal sense.
نزدیک شدن (Nazdik Shodan)
Focuses on the reduction of distance (getting close) rather than the direction of movement (forward).
پیشروی کردن (Pishravi Kardan)
A more formal or military term for 'advancing' or 'making headway'.

"یک مشکل غیرمنتظره پیش آمد."

— An unexpected problem came up (occurred).

There is also جلو افتادن (jolo oftādan), which means 'to get ahead' or 'to take the lead' (like in a race or a schedule). While it shares the 'jolo' component, the 'oftādan' (to fall) changes the meaning to a state of being ahead rather than the act of moving forward. Similarly, جلو زدن (jolo zadan) means 'to overtake' or 'to pass' someone.

"او در مسابقه از همه جلو افتاد."

— He got ahead of everyone in the race.

Finally, consider پیش رفتن (pish raftan), which is often used for the 'progress' of a story or a process. While 'jolo āmadan' is very physical, 'pish raftan' is often used for the flow of time or events. Understanding these subtle differences will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a translation dictionary.

گام برداشتن (Gām Bardāshtan)
Literally 'to take a step', used for taking steps toward a goal.
جلو رفتن (Jolo Raftan)
To move forward away from the speaker.

How Formal Is It?

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知っておくべき文法

レベル別の例文

1

بیا جلو.

Come forward (informal).

Imperative singular.

2

او جلو آمد.

He came forward.

Past simple 3rd person singular.

3

لطفاً جلو بیایید.

Please come forward (formal).

Imperative plural/formal.

4

من جلو می‌آیم.

I am coming forward.

Present continuous/simple.

5

گربه جلو آمد.

The cat came forward.

Subject + Verb.

6

ماشین جلو آمد.

The car moved forward.

Simple past.

7

جلو نیا!

Don't come forward!

Negative imperative.

8

ما جلو آمدیم.

We came forward.

Past simple 1st person plural.

1

او آرام جلو آمد.

He came forward slowly.

Adverb + Verb.

2

وقتی صدا زدم، او جلو آمد.

When I called, he came forward.

Complex sentence with 'vaghti'.

3

چرا جلو نمی‌آیی؟

Why don't you come forward?

Negative question.

4

باید کمی جلو بیاییم.

We must come forward a bit.

Modal 'bāyad' + Subjunctive.

5

او به سمت من جلو آمد.

He came forward towards me.

Prepositional phrase 'be samte'.

6

سگ با ترس جلو آمد.

The dog came forward with fear.

Adverbial phrase.

7

بچه‌ها دوان‌دوان جلو آمدند.

The children came forward running.

Plural past simple.

8

او می‌خواست جلو بیاید اما نترسید.

He wanted to come forward but wasn't afraid (Wait, mistake in hint: but was afraid).

Infinitive construction.

1

هیچ‌کس برای کمک جلو نیامد.

No one came forward to help.

Negative past simple.

2

او برای معرفی خودش جلو آمد.

He came forward to introduce himself.

Purpose clause with 'barāye'.

3

اگر جلو بیایی، بهتر می‌بینی.

If you come forward, you will see better.

Conditional Type 1.

4

او همیشه در جلسات جلو می‌آید.

He always steps forward in meetings.

Habitual present.

5

او با لبخند جلو آمد و دست داد.

He came forward with a smile and shook hands.

Compound sentence.

6

ماشین پلیس آرام جلو آمد.

The police car came forward slowly.

Descriptive past.

7

شما باید برای گرفتن جایزه جلو بیایید.

You must come forward to receive the prize.

Formal requirement.

8

او از میان جمعیت جلو آمد.

He came forward from among the crowd.

Prepositional phrase 'az miyāne'.

1

او به عنوان داوطلب جلو آمد.

He came forward as a volunteer.

Role identification.

2

با جلو آمدن او، همه ساکت شدند.

With him coming forward, everyone became silent.

Gerund construction (masdar).

3

او سعی کرد جلو بیاید ولی راه بسته بود.

He tried to come forward but the way was blocked.

Complex past.

4

شاهدان یکی‌یکی جلو آمدند.

The witnesses came forward one by one.

Adverbial 'yeki-yeki'.

5

او برای دفاع از حقش جلو آمد.

He came forward to defend his rights.

Abstract usage.

6

فصل امتحانات دارد جلو می‌آید.

Exam season is coming forward (approaching).

Metaphorical time usage.

7

او با اعتماد به نفس جلو آمد.

He came forward with self-confidence.

Manner adverbial.

8

چرا هیچ‌کس برای مسئولیت جلو نمی‌آید؟

Why does no one come forward for responsibility?

Rhetorical question.

1

او با جسارت تمام جلو آمد و انتقاد کرد.

He came forward with total audacity and criticized.

Emphatic adverbial.

2

در آن لحظه حساس، او بود که جلو آمد.

In 그 critical moment, it was he who came forward.

Cleft sentence structure.

3

او برای روشن کردن حقیقت جلو آمده است.

He has come forward to clarify the truth.

Present perfect.

4

هر چه بیشتر جلو می‌آمد، ترس من بیشتر می‌شد.

The more he came forward, the more my fear grew.

Correlative 'har che... bishtar'.

5

او با اکراه جلو آمد تا عذرخواهی کند.

He came forward reluctantly to apologize.

Nuanced adverb 'ba ekrāh'.

6

پیشنهادهای جدیدی برای حل مشکل جلو آمده است.

New proposals have come forward to solve the problem.

Abstract subject.

7

او از سایه‌ها جلو آمد و خودش را نشان داد.

He came forward from the shadows and revealed himself.

Literary imagery.

8

او همواره برای پیشبرد اهداف شرکت جلو می‌آید.

He always steps forward to advance the company's goals.

Formal present.

1

او با وقاری مثال‌زدنی جلو آمد.

He came forward with exemplary dignity.

Sophisticated vocabulary.

2

در پهنه تاریخ، قهرمانان بسیاری جلو آمده‌اند.

In the expanse of history, many heroes have come forward.

Poetic/Academic register.

3

او برای به چالش کشیدن سنت‌ها جلو آمد.

He came forward to challenge traditions.

Complex infinitive phrase.

4

گویی سرنوشت بود که او را به جلو می‌آورد.

It was as if destiny was bringing him forward.

Subjunctive with 'gu'i'.

5

او با بصیرتی ژرف برای اصلاحات جلو آمد.

He came forward with deep insight for reforms.

High-level adjectives.

6

هیچ منطقی برای جلو نیامدن او وجود نداشت.

There was no logic for his not coming forward.

Negative gerund as subject.

7

او با گام‌هایی استوار به سوی آینده جلو می‌آمد.

He was coming forward toward the future with firm steps.

Metaphorical/Literary.

8

او برای احقاق حق مظلومان جلو آمده بود.

He had come forward to realize the rights of the oppressed.

Past perfect with formal vocabulary.

よく使う組み合わせ

کمی جلو آمدن
آرام جلو آمدن
با ترس جلو آمدن
برای کمک جلو آمدن
به سمت کسی جلو آمدن
از جمعیت جلو آمدن
داوطلبانه جلو آمدن
شجاعانه جلو آمدن
یک قدم جلو آمدن
دوباره جلو آمدن

よく使うフレーズ

بیا جلو

جلو نیای!

یک قدم بیا جلو

چرا جلو نمی‌آیی؟

او برای کمک جلو آمد

ماشین را جلو بیاور (transitive variant)

نفر بعدی جلو بیاید

شاهد جلو آمد

آرام جلو بیا

همه جلو آمدند

よく混同される語

جلو آمدن vs جلو رفتن

جلو آمدن vs پیش آمدن

جلو آمدن vs نزدیک شدن

慣用句と表現

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間違えやすい

جلو آمدن vs

جلو آمدن vs

جلو آمدن vs

جلو آمدن vs

جلو آمدن vs

文型パターン

使い方

Transitivity

This is intransitive. For 'to bring forward', use 'jolo āvardan'.

Directionality

Always implies movement toward the deictic center (usually the speaker).

よくある間違い
  • Saying 'jolo raftan' when someone is coming toward you.
  • Putting the negative 'na' before 'jolo' (e.g., 'najolo āmad').
  • Forgetting the 'bi-' prefix in the imperative (e.g., 'jolo ā').
  • Using 'dar' instead of 'be' for the destination of the movement.
  • Using 'jolo āmadan' for 'improving' a skill like language or math.

ヒント

Prefix Placement

Always put 'mi-' and 'na-' on the 'āmadan' part. Never say 'mi-jolo āmad'. This is a rule for all Persian compound verbs. It helps maintain the identity of the verb root.

The 'B' in Imperative

Don't forget the 'bi-' prefix for commands. 'Jolo biā' sounds much more natural than 'jolo ā'. It signals to the listener that you are giving an order or making a request. Practice saying it as one fluid motion.

Direction Matters

Use 'āmadan' when they come to YOU. Use 'raftan' when they move forward away from you. This is the most common mistake for English speakers. Think about where you are standing when you choose the verb.

Social Initiative

Use this verb to praise someone for 'stepping up'. If someone helps in a crisis, say 'u jolo āmad'. It carries a positive connotation of bravery and social responsibility. It's a great way to describe a hero.

Shorten the 'o'

In fast speech, the 'o' in 'jolo' is very short. It almost sounds like 'jol-āmadan'. Don't over-emphasize the 'o' unless you are speaking very formally. This will help you sound more like a native.

Compound Verb Spacing

In modern Persian writing, 'jolo' and 'āmadan' are written as two separate words. Do not join them together. Using a half-space (z-fāsele) is not necessary here, just a regular space. This keeps your writing clean and standard.

Listen for the 'mi'

When you hear 'mi-āyad', look for the word before it. If it's 'jolo', you know someone is approaching. The 'mi' is a key marker for the present tense. It helps you distinguish between 'he came' and 'he is coming'.

Polite Commands

To be polite, always use the plural 'biāyid' even for one person. 'Lotfan jolo biāyid' is much better than 'jolo biā' in a shop or office. Iranians value this plural-for-singular respect (Ta'arof). It makes a big difference in how you are perceived.

Visual Association

Imagine a curtain opening and a performer stepping forward. That action is 'jolo āmadan'. Use this mental image whenever you need to recall the verb. It links the physical movement to the Persian sounds.

Preposition 'Be'

If you name a destination, use 'be'. 'Jolo āmad be samte dar'. Without 'be', the sentence feels incomplete if a destination is implied. It guides the listener's eye to where the person is going.

暗記しよう

語源

文化的な背景

The act of 'coming forward' to help is highly valued in the concept of 'Javanmardi' (chivalry).

Coming forward too quickly can sometimes be seen as aggressive; a 'slow' approach is often more polite.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"چرا برای کمک جلو نمی‌آیی؟"

"آیا کسی برای این کار جلو آمده است؟"

"می‌توانی کمی جلو بیایی؟"

"کی ماشین را جلو می‌آوری؟"

"چرا او ناگهان جلو آمد؟"

日記のテーマ

Describe a time you had to come forward and speak the truth.

Write about a person who always steps forward to help others.

Imagine a scene where a mysterious figure comes forward from the dark.

How do you feel when you have to come forward in a large crowd?

Write a dialogue between a teacher and a shy student who won't come forward.

よくある質問

10 問

'Jolo āmadan' is primarily about physical movement toward the front. 'Pish āmadan' is more commonly used to say that an event or a problem has occurred. While they can overlap in formal contexts, 'jolo' is more literal. You would use 'jolo' for a person walking toward you. You would use 'pish' for a situation that arises.

Yes, it is very common for vehicles. If a car is in a line and needs to move up, you say 'jolo bi-ā'. It implies pulling forward in the space available. It is often used by parking attendants or in traffic. It is a very natural way to describe vehicle movement.

Yes, 'umadan' is the colloquial pronunciation of 'āmadan'. In everyday conversation in Tehran and many other cities, people almost always say 'umadan'. However, in writing or formal speeches, you should use 'āmadan'. Both are understood by all Persian speakers.

You say 'jolo na-yā' (informal) or 'jolo na-yāyid' (formal). The negative prefix 'na-' is attached to the present stem 'āy'. Note that the 'ā' changes to 'y' for easier pronunciation. It is a strong command often used for safety or privacy.

Not usually. For improvement or progress in skills, 'pishraft kardan' is the correct term. 'Jolo āmadan' is too tied to physical or social 'stepping up'. You wouldn't say your English 'jolo āmade', you would say it has 'pishraft karde'.

It doesn't require one, but it often uses 'be' or 'be samte' (towards). For example, 'jolo āmad be samte miz' (He came forward towards the table). Without a preposition, it just means the general act of moving forward. It is very flexible in its structure.

Yes, very frequently. A commentator might say a defender is 'jolo āmade' to help the attack. It describes a player leaving their usual position to move closer to the opponent's goal. It signifies an aggressive or proactive move in the game.

You use the auxiliary verb 'dāshtan'. For example: 'dāram jolo mi-āyam' (I am coming forward). 'Dāri jolo mi-āyi' (You are coming forward). This emphasizes that the action is happening right at this moment. It is very common in descriptive speech.

Sometimes, to say an event is 'moving up' (happening sooner). For example, 'tārikhe emtehān jolo āmade' (the exam date has moved forward). However, 'jolo oftādan' is more common for schedules being earlier than expected. Use it cautiously for time.

Yes, it is extremely common. It is one of the top 500 verbs you should know in Persian. Because it combines two very simple words, you will hear it in almost every environment, from homes to offices to the street.

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