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A1 noun #1,500 よく出る 5分で読める

مکان

makan 上位1,500

練習する例文メモとヒント مکان 30秒で

解説 مکان in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'مکان' is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'place'. Students learn to identify physical locations like 'a good place' or 'this place'. The focus is on simple sentences and identifying the word in public signs. It is often taught alongside basic prepositions like 'در' (in) and 'به' (to). Learners should be able to recognize 'مکان' on a map or a website button.

At A2, learners begin to use 'مکان' in more descriptive ways. They might describe their favorite 'مکان تفریحی' (recreational place) or talk about the 'مکان زندگی' (living place/residence). The distinction between 'مکان' and 'جا' starts to become relevant, with 'مکان' appearing more in reading materials and 'جا' in listening exercises. They also learn the plural 'مکان‌ها'.

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B1 students use 'مکان' in professional and social contexts. They can discuss 'مکان‌های تاریخی' (historical sites) during travel and understand the word in news headlines. They start to encounter the irregular plural 'اماکن' in contexts like 'اماکن عمومی' (public places). The use of 'مکان' in compound nouns (e.g., مکان‌نما - cursor) is introduced.

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At the B2 level, the word is used in more abstract and technical senses. Students might read about 'مکانیسم' (mechanism - though a loanword, often discussed in the same context) or the 'مکان‌شناسی' (topography/topology). They can debate the importance of 'مکان' in urban development and use the word in formal essays without confusing it with its informal counterparts.

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C1 learners explore the philosophical and literary dimensions of 'مکان'. They study how 'مکان' functions in classical poetry and modern literature to create atmosphere. They understand the nuances of 'لامکان' (placelessness) in mystical texts and can use 'مکان' in complex scientific or legal arguments, such as 'مکان وقوع جرم' (crime scene/location of crime).

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At C2, the mastery of 'مکان' involves understanding its role in metaphysical discourse, such as the relationship between 'زمان و مکان' (time and space) in Kantian philosophy translated into Persian or in the works of Mulla Sadra. The user can manipulate the word in high-level academic writing, exploring the 'دیالکتیک مکان' (dialectic of place) in social geography.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

مکان 30秒で

Makan means 'place' or 'location'.
It is more formal than the common word 'ja'.
It is used in GPS, news, and academic writing.
The plural is 'makan-ha' or the irregular 'amaken'.

The word مکان (makan) is a fundamental Persian noun derived from the Arabic root 'K-W-N', which relates to existence and being. In its most literal sense, it refers to a physical 'place' or 'location'. However, its usage spans from the mundane—describing a spot in a room—to the highly philosophical, describing the concept of 'space' in the universe. Understanding makan is essential for any learner because it forms the basis of spatial awareness in the Persian language.

Etymological Root: Derived from the Arabic 'ma' (prefix of place) and 'kana' (to be). Literally, 'the place where something exists'.

این مکان برای استراحت بسیار مناسب است. (This place is very suitable for resting.)

In modern Persian, while the word 'جا' (ja) is more common in colloquial speech, مکان is preferred in formal writing, news, and academic contexts. It implies a specific, often defined, geographical or functional area. For instance, when discussing 'public places', one must use the phrase amaken-e omumi (plural of makan).

Semantic Range: Includes physical sites, abstract positions, and even the metaphysical concept of 'space' in physics (zaman va makan - time and space).

در این مکان سیگار کشیدن ممنوع است. (Smoking is forbidden in this location.)

Furthermore, the plural form اماکن (amaken) is frequently seen on signs and in legal documents. If you are looking for a 'holy site', you would look for amaken-e moghaddas. This demonstrates the word's versatility in categorizing types of locations based on their significance.

پلیس بر اماکن عمومی نظارت دارد. (The police monitor public places.)

Synonym Comparison: Unlike 'ja' (generic), 'makan' implies a formal designation. Unlike 'mahall' (neighborhood/spot), 'makan' is more general regarding the physical entity.

تغییر مکان داده‌ایم. (We have changed our location/moved.)

Using مکان correctly requires understanding the distinction between formal and informal Persian. While you might ask a friend 'کجا؟' (Where?), a formal document will ask for 'مکان وقوع حادثه' (The location of the incident). It is often used with demonstrative adjectives like 'این' (this) and 'آن' (that).

Grammatical Placement: As a noun, it can be the subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. It often takes the Ezafe construction to describe the type of place.

مکانِ برگزاری همایش کجاست؟ (Where is the location of the conference?)

In technical contexts, such as GPS or mapping, makan is the standard term for 'coordinate' or 'point'. It is also used in physics to describe 'position'. When you want to describe someone's social or professional standing, however, you would use 'moghame' or ' جایگاه', not usually 'makan', unless referring to their physical office.

Common Verb Pairings: Often used with 'ta'yin kardan' (to determine/fix), 'taghyir dadan' (to change), and 'yaftan' (to find).

ما باید یک مکان جدید پیدا کنیم. (We must find a new place.)

One interesting usage is in the phrase 'لامکان' (la-makan), meaning 'placeless' or 'omnipresent', often used in Sufi poetry to describe the Divine. This shows how a simple A1 word can scale into C2 philosophical discussions. In everyday life, you will see 'مکان یابی' (makan-yabi) on your smartphone for 'location services'.

لطفاً مکان خود را روی نقشه مشخص کنید. (Please specify your location on the map.)

You will encounter مکان in various environments, ranging from the airport to the classroom. In an airport, announcements might refer to the 'مکان تحویل بار' (baggage claim area). In a classroom, a teacher might discuss the 'مکان تاریخی' (historical site) of a specific event. It is a word that bridges the gap between everyday utility and academic precision.

این شهر مکان‌های دیدنی زیادی دارد. (This city has many sightseeing places.)

On the news, journalists use it to describe the 'مکان مذاکرات' (the venue of negotiations). In literature, it sets the scene. In the digital world, every app asks for permission to access your 'مکان' (location). It is perhaps one of the most frequently seen words on Persian-language smartphone interfaces.

Digital Context: 'اشتراک‌گذاری مکان' (Location sharing) is a standard phrase in messaging apps like Telegram or WhatsApp.

A common mistake for beginners is using مکان where 'جا' (ja) is more natural in spoken conversation. While not grammatically wrong, saying 'این مکان مال منه' (This place is mine) sounds overly dramatic or robotic in a casual setting; 'اینجا مال منه' is better. Another error is confusing it with 'زمان' (zaman - time) due to the similar rhythmic structure.

اشتباه: من در این مکان خسته‌ام. (Incorrect/Awkward: I am tired in this location.)

Learners also struggle with the plural. The regular plural is 'مکان‌ها' (makan-ha), but the irregular Arabic plural 'اماکن' (amaken) is very common. Using 'مکان‌ها' in a legal context might sound slightly less professional than 'اماکن'.

Persian has several words for 'place', each with a specific nuance. جا (ja) is the most versatile and common. محل (mahall) usually refers to a specific spot where an event happens. فضا (faza) refers to 'space' or 'atmosphere'.

Makan vs. Mahall: 'Makan' is the physical entity; 'Mahall' is the functional spot (e.g., Mahall-e kar - place of work).
Makan vs. Ja: 'Ja' is informal and can mean 'room/space' (Ja nadaram - I don't have room). 'Makan' cannot be used this way.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe construction

Pluralization

Demonstrative adjectives

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レベル別の例文

این مکان زیبا است.

This place is beautiful.

Simple subject-adjective sentence.

مکان کجاست؟

Where is the place?

Basic question structure.

یک مکان خوب برای ناهار.

A good place for lunch.

Noun phrase with adjective.

این مکان امن است.

This place is safe.

Simple predicate.

من این مکان را دوست دارم.

I like this place.

Direct object with 'ra'.

مکان بزرگ.

Large place.

Adjective following noun.

نام این مکان چیست؟

What is the name of this place?

Possessive Ezafe.

مکانِ ما.

Our place.

Possessive pronoun with Ezafe.

مکان‌های دیدنی تهران زیاد هستند.

Tehran's sightseeing places are many.

Plural noun with Ezafe.

او در یک مکان دور زندگی می‌کند.

He lives in a far place.

Prepositional phrase.

آیا این مکان برای پارک ماشین است؟

Is this place for parking a car?

Question with purpose.

مکان جلسه تغییر کرد.

The meeting location changed.

Simple past verb.

بهترین مکان برای مطالعه کتابخانه است.

The best place for studying is the library.

Superlative adjective.

ما به یک مکان جدید رفتیم.

We went to a new place.

Directional preposition.

این مکان خیلی شلوغ است.

This place is very crowded.

Adverb of degree.

مکانِ تولد من اینجا نیست.

My place of birth is not here.

Negative 'to be' verb.

اماکن عمومی باید تمیز باشند.

Public places must be clean.

Use of irregular plural 'amaken'.

مکان دقیق حادثه مشخص نیست.

The exact location of the accident is not clear.

Adjective 'daghigh' (exact).

این مکان از نظر تاریخی اهمیت دارد.

This place has historical importance.

Compound verb 'ahammiyat dashtan'.

لطفاً مکان خود را به اشتراک بگذارید.

Please share your location.

Imperative mood.

او به دنبال مکانی برای آرامش می‌گردد.

He is looking for a place for peace.

Present progressive.

مکان برگزاری نمایشگاه در مرکز شهر است.

The venue of the exhibition is in the city center.

Complex Ezafe chain.

هر مکان قوانین خاص خود را دارد.

Every place has its own specific rules.

Distributive 'har' (every).

مکان‌یابی در این جنگل سخت است.

Localization in this forest is difficult.

Gerund/Noun 'makan-yabi'.

مکانیسم اثر این دارو هنوز شناخته نشده است.

The mechanism of this drug's effect is not yet known.

Scientific context.

تغییر مکان ذرات در فیزیک بررسی می‌شود.

The displacement of particles is studied in physics.

Technical terminology.

این مکان پتانسیل بالایی برای رشد اقتصادی دارد.

This location has high potential for economic growth.

Abstract noun 'potential'.

مکان‌های مذهبی نقش مهمی در فرهنگ ما دارند.

Religious places play an important role in our culture.

Sociological context.

او توانست مکان مخفی دشمن را پیدا کند.

He was able to find the enemy's secret location.

Modal verb 'tavanestan'.

مکان جغرافیایی ایران بسیار استراتژیک است.

Iran's geographical location is very strategic.

Geopolitical context.

در این مقاله، مفهوم مکان نقد شده است.

In this article, the concept of place has been criticized.

Passive voice.

مکان اقامت مسافران باید استاندارد باشد.

The travelers' place of residence must be standard.

Formal requirement.

شاعر در این بیت به دنیای لامکان اشاره دارد.

The poet refers to the placeless world in this verse.

Literary analysis.

مکان‌مندی یکی از ویژگی‌های اصلی وجود است.

Spatiality is one of the main characteristics of existence.

Philosophical suffix '-mandi'.

بازنمایی مکان در سینمای مدرن تغییر کرده است.

The representation of place in modern cinema has changed.

Artistic theory.

او در جستجوی مکانی است که در آن زمان متوقف شود.

He is in search of a place where time stops.

Relative clause with 'ke'.

تداخل زمان و مکان در نظریه نسبیت مشهود است.

The interference of time and space is evident in the theory of relativity.

Scientific theory.

مکان به مثابه یک سازه اجتماعی تعریف می‌شود.

Place is defined as a social construct.

Sociological theory.

سلسله‌مراتب مکان در ساختار قدرت سیاسی.

The hierarchy of place in the political power structure.

Political science context.

هویت فردی به شدت با مکان گره خورده است.

Individual identity is strongly tied to place.

Idiomatic 'gereh khordan'.

پدیدارشناسی مکان در آثار هایدگر بررسی شده است.

The phenomenology of place has been examined in Heidegger's works.

Advanced philosophy.

او به تبیین نسبت میان مکان و لاهوت پرداخت.

He proceeded to explain the relationship between place and the divine realm.

Theological discourse.

تجرید مکان در هنر انتزاعی به اوج خود می‌رسد.

The abstraction of place reaches its peak in abstract art.

Art criticism.

مکان در ساحت اندیشه اشراقی معنایی فرامادی دارد.

Place has a trans-material meaning in the realm of Illuminationist thought.

Sufi philosophy.

واکاوی مولفه‌های مکانی در معماری پسامدرن.

Analysis of spatial components in postmodern architecture.

Architectural analysis.

مکان به عنوان تجلی‌گاه اراده جمعی.

Place as the manifestation site of collective will.

Political philosophy.

سیالیت مکان در عصر دیجیتال و فضای مجازی.

The fluidity of place in the digital age and virtual space.

Media studies.

بازخوانی مفهوم مکان در متون کلاسیک فارسی.

Rereading the concept of place in classical Persian texts.

Literary criticism.

よく使う組み合わせ

مکان عمومی

مکان تاریخی

تغییر مکان

مکان برگزاری

مکان تولد

مکان امن

مکان مقدس

مکان جغرافیایی

تعیین مکان

مکان‌یابی

よく使うフレーズ

در یک مکان

از مکانی به مکان دیگر

مکان‌های دیدنی

مکان استقرار

مکان دفن

مکان حادثه

مکان کار

مکان استراحت

مکان تجمع

مکان فروش

よく混同される語

مکان vs زمان (Zaman)

مکان vs امکان (Emkan)

مکان vs مسکن (Maskan)

慣用句と表現

"لامکان بودن"

"مکان و لا زمان"

"تغییر مکان دادن"

"در مکان درست بودن"

"بی مکان و نشان"

"صاحب مکان"

"مکان گزیدن"

"تنگ کردن مکان"

"مکان باز کردن"

"در قید مکان نبودن"

間違えやすい

مکان vs مسکن

Maskan means 'housing/dwelling', Makan is any 'place'.

مکان vs امکان

Emkan means 'possibility', Makan is 'place'.

文型パターン

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使い方

nuance

Makan implies a fixed, defined location.

common error

Don't use 'makan' to mean 'room' (space).

よくある間違い

Using 'makan' in casual speech with friends.
Confusing 'makan' (place) with 'maskan' (housing).
Mispronouncing the long 'a'.
Using 'makan' to mean 'room' (as in 'there is no room in the car').
Forgetting the Ezafe in 'makan-e ziba'.

ヒント

Formal vs Informal

Always use 'makan' when writing a formal letter or report.

Plural Usage

Use 'amaken' when referring to government or public buildings.

Holy Sites

The phrase 'amaken-e moghaddas' is very common in Iran.

Phone Settings

Change your phone to Persian to see 'makan' in your map apps.

Clarity

In noisy places, 'makan' is clearer than the short word 'ja'.

Ezafe

Don't forget the 'e' sound (Ezafe) when describing the place.

Root Study

Learning the root K-W-N helps you learn 'emkan' and 'ka'enat' too.

News

Listen for 'makan' in the first 5 minutes of any Persian news broadcast.

Memory

Makan = Map + Location.

Philosophy

Research 'zaman va makan' to see how the word is used in science.

暗記しよう

語源

Arabic

文化的な背景

Modern Iranians use 'makan-yabi' daily for food delivery apps.

A 'makan' for a guest is always prepared in Iranian homes.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"بهترین مکان برای سفر کجاست؟"

"آیا این مکان را می‌شناسی؟"

"مکان مورد علاقه شما در این شهر چیست؟"

"چگونه به این مکان برویم؟"

"این مکان چه ساعتی باز می‌شود؟"

日記のテーマ

یک مکان زیبا را توصیف کنید.

چرا مکان زندگی شما مهم است؟

اگر می‌توانستید در هر مکانی باشید، کجا را انتخاب می‌کردید؟

تفاوت مکان‌های قدیمی و جدید در شهر شما چیست؟

یک مکان خاطره‌انگیز از کودکی خود بنویسید.

よくある質問

10 問

'Ja' is informal and common in speech, while 'makan' is formal and used in writing or technical contexts.

You can use 'makan-ha' (regular) or 'amaken' (irregular Arabic plural).

Yes, in physics or philosophy, it refers to 'space' (as in time and space).

Yes, 'makan' or 'mogh'eyat' are the standard terms for location.

It is an Arabic loanword that is fully integrated into Persian.

It means 'placeless' or 'omnipresent', often used in mystical poetry.

No, use 'ja' or 'sandali' for a seat.

Rarely. 'Khaneh' or 'manzel' are better, but 'makan-e eghamat' is formal for residence.

It means 'localization' or 'finding a location'.

Yes, its basic meaning is essential for beginners.

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