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B1 adjective 8分で読める

تقریبی

taqribi

練習する例文メモとヒント تقریبی 30秒で

解説 تقریبی in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'تقریبی' (taghribi) very often, but you will hear it. Think of it as a way to say 'about' or 'around' when talking about numbers. For example, if someone says 'ساعت تقریبی' (sa'at-e taghribi), they mean 'about what time'. At this stage, focus on recognizing the word. It usually comes after a noun. Remember that in Persian, we add a little 'e' sound (Ezafe) between the noun and 'taghribi'. So, 'time' (sa'at) + 'approximate' (taghribi) becomes 'sa'at-e taghribi'. You might also hear 'taghriban', which means 'approximately'. Don't worry about the difference too much yet; just know both words are used when you aren't 100% sure about a number or time. It's a very helpful word for being polite when you don't know the exact answer to a question.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'تقریبی' (taghribi) to describe things like time, distance, and price. This shows you can handle more complex descriptions. Instead of just saying 'ten kilometers', you can say 'fasele-ye taghribi dah kilometr ast' (the approximate distance is ten kilometers). This makes your Persian sound more natural. You should also learn to distinguish it from the adverb 'taghriban'. Use 'taghribi' with nouns (like 'vazn-e taghribi' - approximate weight) and 'taghriban' before numbers (like 'taghriban dah kilo' - approximately ten kilos). This is a common point of confusion for students, so practicing the 'Ezafe' connection is key. You will likely see this word in basic reading materials, like weather reports or simple advertisements, where exact numbers aren't always provided.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'تقریبی' (taghribi) confidently in various contexts, including work and travel. You should understand that 'taghribi' is an adjective that provides nuance. You can use it to qualify your statements, which is a sign of intermediate proficiency. For instance, in a business meeting, you might say 'hazine-ye taghribi' (approximate cost) to show you've thought about the budget but aren't ready to give a final number. You should also be familiar with its synonyms like 'hodudi' (range-based) and when to use one over the other. 'Taghribi' is slightly more formal. You should also be able to form sentences where 'taghribi' is the predicate, such as 'in ammar taghribi ast' (this data is approximate). This level is where you move from just knowing the word to using it as a tool for more sophisticated communication.

At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of 'تقریبی' (taghribi) and its role in different registers. You will encounter it in academic texts, newspaper articles, and professional reports. You should be able to discuss the 'taghribi' nature of scientific theories or historical dates. You will also notice it used in more abstract ways, such as 'shabahat-e taghribi' (approximate resemblance). At this stage, you should also be comfortable using the word in complex sentences with multiple clauses. For example: 'اگرچه این یک برآورد تقریبی است، اما برای شروع پروژه کافی به نظر می‌رسد' (Although this is an approximate estimate, it seems sufficient for starting the project). You should also be able to explain the etymology of the word, connecting it to the root 'qarb' (nearness), which helps in understanding other related words like 'ghorbat' or 'gharib'.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'تقریبی' (taghribi) should be precise and varied. You should understand the subtle stylistic differences between 'taghribi', 'tokhmini', and 'hodudi'. You will use 'taghribi' in high-level discussions about statistics, philosophy, or literature. For example, you might discuss the 'taghribi' nature of translation—how one language can only ever provide an approximate meaning of another. You should be able to recognize the word in classical poetry or formal legal documents where it might have slightly different connotations. Your ability to use 'taghribi' to soften a claim or to add a layer of professional caution should be second nature. You should also be able to critique the use of 'approximate' data in complex arguments, using the word as a pivot for deeper analysis.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like intuition for 'تقریبی' (taghribi). you can use it to convey irony, sarcasm, or extreme precision about imprecision. You understand its place in the history of the Persian language and how its usage has evolved. You can seamlessly switch between 'taghribi' and its most obscure synonyms to suit the specific tone of a high-level academic lecture or a sophisticated literary critique. You might use it in a phrase like 'انطباق تقریبی' (approximate correspondence) when discussing complex comparative linguistics. You are also aware of how 'taghribi' functions in various dialects of Persian (like Dari or Tajik) and how regional preferences for synonyms might vary. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a flexible instrument in your linguistic repertoire, used with perfect grammatical and cultural accuracy.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

تقریبی 30秒で

Taghribi means 'approximate' or 'estimated' in Persian.
It is an adjective that follows the noun using the Ezafe sound.
Commonly used for time, price, weight, and distances.
Distinct from the adverb 'taghriban' which means 'approximately'.

The Persian word تقریبی (pronounced 'taghribi') is a fundamental adjective used to describe something that is not exact, but close to the actual value, amount, or state. It is the Persian equivalent of the English word 'approximate' or 'estimated'. Derived from the Arabic root 'Q-R-B' (ق-ر-ب), which relates to the concept of 'nearness' or 'proximity', the word literally implies that a value is 'brought near' to the truth without being the absolute truth itself. In everyday Persian, you will encounter this word in a variety of contexts, ranging from casual conversations about the time it takes to reach a destination to formal financial reports detailing estimated budgets. It is an essential tool for speakers because it allows for flexibility and cushions the speaker against being factually incorrect when precise data is unavailable.

Daily Conversations: When a friend asks how long a party will last, you might say 'زمان تقریبی' (approximate time) to avoid making a strict commitment. It suggests a range rather than a point.
Academic and Scientific Contexts: In mathematics or engineering, when a calculation is rounded or a measurement is not perfectly precise, 'تقریبی' is used to define the nature of that data. For example, 'محاسبه تقریبی' (approximate calculation) is a standard phrase in textbooks.
Business and Finance: When discussing costs, 'هزینه تقریبی' (approximate cost) is used to give clients a rough idea of what they might pay before a final invoice is generated. This manages expectations and allows for budget planning.

"قیمت تقریبی این خانه حدود ده میلیارد تومان است."
— Translation: The approximate price of this house is about ten billion Tomans.

The word serves as a bridge between complete uncertainty and absolute precision. By using 'تقریبی', a speaker signals that they are providing useful information while acknowledging that there is a margin of error. This is culturally significant in Iran, where social interactions often involve a degree of politeness and avoiding direct confrontation or absolute claims that might be proven wrong later. Furthermore, the suffix '-i' (ی) at the end of 'تقریب' (approximation) transforms the noun into an adjective, a common linguistic pattern in Persian grammar that allows for the creation of descriptors from abstract concepts. Understanding this word is not just about vocabulary; it is about mastering the art of nuance in Persian communication.

"فاصله تقریبی تهران تا اصفهان چهارصد کیلومتر است."
— Translation: The approximate distance from Tehran to Isfahan is 400 kilometers.

Using تقریبی correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of the Persian 'Ezafe' construction. Since 'تقریبی' is an adjective, it usually follows the noun it modifies, and the noun must take the Ezafe vowel (the short '-e' sound). For example, if you want to say 'approximate weight', you say 'vazn-e taghribi' (وزن تقریبی). The Ezafe acts as the glue that binds the noun and its descriptor together. This is the most common way you will see the word used in both written and spoken Persian.

Subject-Adjective Agreement: While Persian adjectives do not change for gender or number, 'تقریبی' must always follow the noun it describes. You cannot place it before the noun like in English. 'Approximate time' becomes 'Time approximate'.
Combining with Adverbs: You can enhance 'تقریبی' by adding adverbs like 'کاملاً' (completely) or 'صرفاً' (purely). For example, 'این فقط یک عدد تقریبی است' (This is just an approximate number).

"لطفاً زمان تقریبی رسیدن خود را اعلام کنید."
— Translation: Please announce your approximate time of arrival.

In more formal writing, 'تقریبی' can also be used as part of a predicate. For instance, 'این آمار تقریبی است' (These statistics are approximate). Here, the word follows the verb 'is' (است). This structure is very similar to English. However, in colloquial speech, Iranians might prefer the adverbial form 'تقریباً' (taghriban), which means 'approximately' or 'almost'. It is crucial to distinguish between the adjective 'taghribi' (used with nouns) and the adverb 'taghriban' (used with verbs or quantities). For example, 'taghriban dah nafar' (approximately ten people) vs. 'tedad-e taghribi' (the approximate number).

"بر اساس محاسبات تقریبی ما، پروژه دو ماه طول می‌کشد."
— Translation: Based on our approximate calculations, the project will take two months.

You will hear تقریبی in almost every corner of Iranian life where estimation is required. In the bustling Grand Bazaar of Tehran, a merchant might give you a 'gheymat-e taghribi' for a hand-woven carpet before checking the exact price list. In a modern office in North Tehran, an engineer might present 'naghshe-ha-ye taghribi' (approximate blueprints) during a preliminary meeting. The word is ubiquitous because it provides a safety net in communication.

News and Media: News anchors frequently use 'آمار تقریبی' (approximate statistics) when reporting on events where final numbers aren't in yet, such as election turnouts or casualties in natural disasters.
Cooking and Recipes: While Persian cooking is often intuitive ('cheshmi'), modern cookbooks will list 'مقدار تقریبی' (approximate amount) for ingredients like salt or saffron to guide the cook.

"رادیو اعلام کرد که تعداد تقریبی شرکت‌کنندگان هزار نفر بود."
— Translation: The radio announced that the approximate number of participants was one thousand.

In the digital age, you'll see this word on Iranian apps and websites. For example, ride-hailing apps like Snapp or Tapsi show a 'zaman-e taghribi-ye rasidan' (approximate time of arrival). E-commerce sites like Digikala use it to estimate shipping times. It's a word that has successfully transitioned from classical Persian literature to the fast-paced world of modern technology. When you hear it, listen for the context—is the speaker being cautious, or are they providing a helpful guide? Often, it's both. The word carries a tone of professionalism when used in formal settings, but it can also feel very helpful and grounding in casual talk.

"معمار یک طرح تقریبی از ساختمان به ما نشان داد."
— Translation: The architect showed us an approximate design of the building.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing the adjective تقریبی (taghribi) with the adverb تقریباً (taghriban). While they share the same root, they serve different grammatical functions. Using 'taghriban' where you need an adjective will make your sentence sound 'off' to a native speaker. For example, saying 'vazn-e taghriban' is incorrect; it must be 'vazn-e taghribi'. Conversely, saying 'taghribi dah nafar' is also wrong; it should be 'taghriban dah nafar'.

Confusion with 'Gharib': Learners sometimes confuse 'taghribi' with 'gharib' (غریب). 'Gharib' means 'strange' or 'stranger'. Although they share the same Arabic root letters (Q-R-B), their meanings in modern Persian have diverged significantly. Don't tell someone their calculation is 'strange' when you mean 'approximate'!
Misplacing the Ezafe: Since 'تقریبی' is an adjective, it requires the Ezafe. Beginners often forget this, saying 'mablagh taghribi' instead of 'mablagh-e taghribi'. This is a hallmark of 'foreign' Persian and should be avoided to sound more fluent.

Another mistake is using 'تقریبی' for concepts that are binary or absolute. You wouldn't say someone is 'تقریبی باردار' (approximately pregnant) or that a door is 'تقریبی بسته' (approximately closed). In these cases, you would use 'تقریباً' as an adverb ('تقریباً بسته است') or a different adjective like 'نیمه‌باز' (half-open). Use 'تقریبی' for measurements, quantities, and times—things that exist on a scale.

"اشتباه رایج: من تقریبی ده کتاب دارم." (غلط)
— Correct: من تقریباً ده کتاب دارم. (I have approximately ten books.)

Lastly, avoid overusing it. While it's a useful word, repeating it in every sentence can make you sound indecisive. In professional settings, try to provide exact numbers when possible, and use 'تقریبی' only when the data truly warrants an estimation. Mastering the balance of when to be precise and when to be 'taghribi' is a key part of advanced Persian proficiency.

Persian is a rich language with several synonyms for تقریبی, each with its own subtle shade of meaning. Choosing the right one can make your speech sound more natural and sophisticated. The most common alternative is حدودی (hodudi), which comes from 'hodud' (limits/boundaries). While 'taghribi' sounds a bit more scientific or formal, 'hodudi' is very common in spoken Persian and implies a range or 'around' a certain point.

تخمینی (Tokhmini): This word specifically means 'estimated'. It is often used in technical or financial contexts where a formal estimation process has taken place. 'Estimating' a budget would use 'tokhmin' rather than just 'taghrib'.
کم‌وبیش (Kam-o-bish): Literally 'less or more', this is the Persian equivalent of 'more or less'. It is an adverbial phrase rather than an adjective, but it serves a similar purpose in indicating that a statement isn't 100% exact.
نسبی (Nasbi): Meaning 'relative', this is used when a value is approximate because it depends on something else. It's more about 'relativity' than 'estimation', but they are often found in the same semantic field.

"قیمت حدودی بلیت چقدر است؟"
— Translation: What is the approximate/range price of the ticket?

When comparing 'taghribi' and 'hodudi', think of 'taghribi' as 'approximate' and 'hodudi' as 'around'. If you are writing a paper, use 'taghribi'. If you are asking a friend for the price of dinner, use 'hodudi'. Another interesting word is 'shol' (loose), which in very slangy contexts can mean 'approximate' or 'unreliable', though this is very informal. For students of Persian, sticking to 'taghribi' and 'hodudi' will cover 95% of situations. Understanding these alternatives allows you to vary your vocabulary and match the register of the person you are speaking with.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root Q-R-B is also the source of the word 'Ghorban' (sacrifice), which literally means an act to get closer to God.

発音ガイド

UK /tæɣ.riː.biː/

US /tæɡ.ri.bi/

The primary stress falls on the final syllable: tagh-ri-BI.

韻が合う語

ترتیبی (tartibi) تادیبی (tadibi) ترغیبی (targhibi) تخریبی (takhribi) ترکیبی (tarkibi) تجریبی (tajribi) تصویبی (tasvibi) تذهیبی (tazhibi)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'gh' as a hard English 'g'.
Putting stress on the first syllable.
Missing the long 'i' sounds at the end.
Confusing 'gh' with 'kh'.
Shortening the final vowel too much.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in text due to the distinct 'gh' and 'b' letters.

ライティング 4/5

Requires remembering the 'gh' (ق) and the 'i' (ی) ending.

スピーキング 4/5

The 'gh' sound is tricky for English speakers.

リスニング 3/5

Clearly distinguishable once you know the root.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

نزدیک عدد زمان قیمت حدود

次に学ぶ

تخمینی دقیق محاسبه برآورد احتمال

上級

قریب‌الوقوع تقارب استقراء تعدیل برون‌یابی

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction

vazn-e taghribi (weight-of approximate)

Adjective Placement

Adjectives always follow nouns in Persian.

Adverb Formation with Tanvin

taghrib + an = taghriban (approximately)

Suffix -i for Adjectives

taghrib (noun) + i = taghribi (adjective)

Predicate Adjectives

in adad taghribi ast. (This number is approximate.)

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レベル別の例文

ساعت تقریبی چند است؟

What is the approximate time?

Uses Ezafe after 'sa'at'.

قیمت تقریبی این نان چقدر است؟

What is the approximate price of this bread?

Adjective 'taghribi' follows noun 'gheymat'.

این یک عدد تقریبی است.

This is an approximate number.

Predicate adjective with 'ast'.

فاصله تقریبی نزدیک است.

The approximate distance is close.

Simple adjective-noun pair.

وزن تقریبی میوه چقدر است؟

What is the approximate weight of the fruit?

Ezafe connects 'vazn' and 'taghribi'.

نام تقریبی او را می‌دانم.

I know his approximate name (I have a rough idea).

Abstract usage of approximate.

تعداد تقریبی بچه‌ها پنج نفر است.

The approximate number of children is five.

Subject is 'tedad-e taghribi'.

این راه تقریبی است.

This is an approximate way/path.

Predicate adjective.

زمان تقریبی پرواز ساعت هشت است.

The approximate flight time is 8 o'clock.

Compound subject 'zaman-e taghribi-ye parvaz'.

لطفاً آدرس تقریبی را بدهید.

Please give the approximate address.

Direct object with 'ra'.

هزینه تقریبی سفر زیاد نیست.

The approximate cost of the trip is not much.

Negation of the verb 'ast'.

آن‌ها یک نقشه تقریبی کشیدند.

They drew an approximate map.

Past tense verb 'keshidand'.

این آمار تقریبی است و دقیق نیست.

These statistics are approximate and not exact.

Contrast between 'taghribi' and 'daghigh'.

سرعت تقریبی ماشین چقدر بود؟

What was the approximate speed of the car?

Past tense question.

او قد تقریبی برادرش را گفت.

He said his brother's approximate height.

Possessive Ezafe chain.

دمای تقریبی هوا بیست درجه است.

The approximate air temperature is twenty degrees.

Scientific context.

برآورد تقریبی ما از سود شرکت مثبت است.

Our approximate estimate of the company's profit is positive.

Complex subject with possessive 'ma'.

آیا می‌توانید یک تاریخ تقریبی برای تحویل پروژه بگویید؟

Can you give an approximate date for project delivery?

Question with modal 'tavanestan'.

این مدل یک تصویر تقریبی از واقعیت ارائه می‌دهد.

This model provides an approximate picture of reality.

Formal verb 'araye dadan'.

تعداد تقریبی تماشاگران در ورزشگاه مشخص شد.

The approximate number of spectators in the stadium was determined.

Passive voice 'moshakhas shod'.

ما به یک توافق تقریبی در مورد قیمت رسیدیم.

We reached an approximate agreement regarding the price.

Prepositional phrase 'dar mored-e'.

محاسبات تقریبی نشان می‌دهد که سوخت کافی داریم.

Approximate calculations show that we have enough fuel.

Plural subject 'mohasebat-e taghribi'.

او شرح تقریبی از ماجرا را برای پلیس نوشت.

He wrote an approximate account of the incident for the police.

Noun 'sharh' (account/description).

محدوده تقریبی جستجو در نقشه مشخص شده است.

The approximate search area is marked on the map.

Past participle 'moshakhas shode'.

ارزیابی تقریبی خسارات ناشی از سیل هفته‌ها طول می‌کشد.

The approximate assessment of flood damages will take weeks.

Gerund-like noun 'arzyabi' (assessment).

نویسنده در کتاب خود، تاریخ تقریبی ظهور این تمدن را بررسی می‌کند.

In his book, the author examines the approximate date of the emergence of this civilization.

Formal verb 'barrasi kardan'.

این فرضیه بر اساس داده‌های تقریبی بنا شده است.

This hypothesis is built on approximate data.

Passive structure 'bana shode ast'.

ساختار تقریبی اتم در قرن گذشته کشف شد.

The approximate structure of the atom was discovered in the last century.

Historical/Scientific context.

او با یک نگاه تقریبی، متوجه شد که تعداد مهمان‌ها بیشتر از حد انتظار است.

With an approximate glance, he realized the number of guests was more than expected.

Adverbial use of a prepositional phrase.

تطبیق تقریبی این دو نظریه دشوار به نظر می‌رسد.

Approximate matching of these two theories seems difficult.

Abstract noun 'tatbiq' (matching).

قیمت‌های تقریبی در بازار به دلیل نوسانات ارز تغییر کرده‌اند.

Approximate prices in the market have changed due to currency fluctuations.

Plural agreement and causal phrase.

ما باید یک برنامه تقریبی برای مدیریت بحران داشته باشیم.

We must have an approximate plan for crisis management.

Modal verb 'bayad'.

درک تقریبی از مفاهیم فلسفی می‌تواند گمراه‌کننده باشد.

An approximate understanding of philosophical concepts can be misleading.

Subject is a complex noun phrase.

سنجش تقریبی میزان رضایت مشتریان از طریق نظرسنجی انجام شد.

An approximate measurement of customer satisfaction was conducted through surveys.

Formal noun 'sanjesh' (measurement).

این ترجمه تنها یک معادل تقریبی برای اصطلاح اصلی ارائه می‌دهد.

This translation only provides an approximate equivalent for the original idiom.

Linguistic context.

پژوهشگران به یک توافق تقریبی درباره علل تغییرات اقلیمی دست یافته‌اند.

Researchers have reached an approximate agreement on the causes of climate change.

Present perfect 'dast yafte-and'.

بررسی‌های تقریبی نشان‌دهنده کاهش تقاضا در بازار مسکن است.

Approximate reviews indicate a decrease in demand in the housing market.

Participle 'neshan-dahande'.

او با استفاده از یک فرمول تقریبی، حجم مخزن را محاسبه کرد.

Using an approximate formula, he calculated the volume of the tank.

Instrumental phrase 'ba estefade az'.

این نقاشی بازنمایی تقریبی از منظره‌ای است که او در کودکی دیده بود.

This painting is an approximate representation of the landscape he had seen in childhood.

Complex relative clause.

حتی یک برآورد تقریبی از هزینه‌های پنهان می‌تواند به تصمیم‌گیری بهتر کمک کند.

Even an approximate estimate of hidden costs can help with better decision-making.

Emphasis with 'hatta' (even).

تقرب به حقیقت همواره از طریق مدل‌های تقریبی صورت می‌گیرد.

Approaching the truth always takes place through approximate models.

Philosophical register.

در فیزیک کوانتوم، ما تنها به مکان تقریبی ذرات دسترسی داریم.

In quantum physics, we only have access to the approximate location of particles.

Scientific jargon.

توصیف تقریبی او از واقعیت، ریشه در تجربیات ذهنی‌اش داشت.

His approximate description of reality was rooted in his subjective experiences.

Literary/Psychological context.

انطباق تقریبی متون کهن با واقعیت‌های تاریخی موضوع بحث‌های زیادی است.

The approximate correspondence of ancient texts with historical realities is the subject of much debate.

Complex academic syntax.

او مدعی شد که نتایج آزمایش‌ها به دلیل خطای تقریبی ابزارها معتبر نیست.

He claimed that the test results are not valid due to the approximate error of the instruments.

Causal phrase 'be dalil-e'.

حساب تقریبی عمر جهان بر اساس تابش زمینه‌ کیهانی انجام می‌شود.

The approximate calculation of the age of the universe is done based on cosmic background radiation.

Passive present 'anjam mishavad'.

این رویکرد تقریبی در سیاست‌گذاری می‌تواند پیامدهای غیرقابل پیش‌بینی داشته باشد.

This approximate approach in policymaking can have unpredictable consequences.

Political register.

بازسازی تقریبی چهره‌های تاریخی از روی جمجمه، هنر و علم را به هم پیوند می‌دهد.

The approximate reconstruction of historical faces from skulls links art and science.

Complex subject with multiple nouns.

よく使う組み合わせ

زمان تقریبی

قیمت تقریبی

تعداد تقریبی

محاسبه تقریبی

وزن تقریبی

فاصله تقریبی

آمار تقریبی

طرح تقریبی

تاریخ تقریبی

مبلغ تقریبی

よく使うフレーズ

به صورت تقریبی

— In an approximate manner.

او به صورت تقریبی قیمت را گفت.

یک عدد تقریبی

— A rough number.

فقط یک عدد تقریبی به من بده.

برآورد تقریبی

— An approximate estimate.

برآورد تقریبی ما درست بود.

در حد تقریبی

— To an approximate degree.

در حد تقریبی می‌دانم کجاست.

با دقت تقریبی

— With approximate accuracy.

با دقت تقریبی می‌توان گفت...

شکل تقریبی

— Approximate shape.

شکل تقریبی زمین کروی است.

مدل تقریبی

— Approximate model.

این یک مدل تقریبی از اتم است.

پاسخ تقریبی

— Approximate answer.

پاسخ تقریبی برای امتحان کافی نیست.

معیار تقریبی

— Approximate criterion.

این یک معیار تقریبی برای سنجش است.

حالت تقریبی

— Approximate state.

او در یک حالت تقریبی از خواب بود.

よく混同される語

تقریبی vs تقریباً

This is an adverb meaning 'approximately'. It modifies verbs or quantities, not nouns.

تقریبی vs غریب

Means 'strange' or 'stranger'. Different meaning, same root.

تقریبی vs قریب

Means 'near' in a spatial or temporal sense, often used in formal idioms.

慣用句と表現

"حساب سرانگشتی"

— A quick, rough calculation using fingers as a metaphor.

با یک حساب سرانگشتی، صد تومان سود کردیم.

Informal

"دیمی"

— Something done haphazardly or by guess, often farming related originally.

کارش دیمی است و دقیق نیست.

Slang

"چشمی"

— Doing something by eye/sight without measuring.

نمک را چشمی ریختم.

Colloquial

"حدوداً"

— Approximately (adverbial form of limits).

حدوداً دو ساعت طول می‌کشد.

Neutral

"پنجاه پنجاه"

— Fifty-fifty, implying an approximate chance.

شانس برد ما پنجاه پنجاه است.

Informal

"شل و ول"

— Loose and unstable, sometimes used for approximate/vague plans.

برنامه‌اش خیلی شل و ول است.

Slang

"بزن‌وبرو"

— Quick and careless, often resulting in approximate work.

این کار بزن‌وبرو فایده ندارد.

Slang

"ماست‌مالی"

— Whitewashing or covering up with a rough/approximate fix.

اشتباهش را ماست‌مالی کرد.

Informal

"روی هوا"

— On the air / baseless / very rough guess.

حرفش روی هواست و دقیق نیست.

Informal

"تقریباً و تحقیقاً"

— Approximately and certainly (a rhyming pair used to cover all bases).

تقریباً و تحقیقاً همه چیز آماده است.

Literary

間違えやすい

تقریبی vs تخمینی

Both mean approximate.

Tokhmini implies a more calculated or formal estimation process.

برآورد تخمینی بودجه.

تقریبی vs حدودی

Both mean approximate.

Hodudi is more colloquial and implies 'around' a range.

قیمت حدودی.

تقریبی vs نسبی

Related to closeness.

Nasbi means 'relative' rather than 'estimated'.

دقت نسبی.

تقریبی vs فرضی

Both deal with non-exact values.

Farzi means 'hypothetical' or 'imaginary'.

یک عدد فرضی.

تقریبی vs ظاهری

Both describe a non-final state.

Zaheri means 'apparent' or 'outward'.

شباهت ظاهری.

文型パターン

Noun + Ezafe + تقریبی + است.

قیمت تقریبی است.

Noun + Ezafe + تقریبی + Noun + است.

زمان تقریبی پرواز هشت است.

بر اساس + Noun + تقریبی...

بر اساس آمار تقریبی...

اگرچه + Noun + تقریبی است، اما...

اگرچه قیمت تقریبی است، اما خوب است.

Noun + تقریبی + از + Noun

درک تقریبی از حقیقت

استفاده از + مدل‌های تقریبی + در + Noun

استفاده از مدل‌های تقریبی در فیزیک

لطفاً + Noun + تقریبی + را + بگو.

لطفاً عدد تقریبی را بگو.

این + Noun + تقریبی + نیست.

این فاصله تقریبی نیست.

語族

名詞

تقریب (approximation)

قرب (nearness)

مقاربت (proximity/intercourse)

動詞

تقریب زدن (to approximate/estimate)

形容詞

تقریبی (approximate)

قریب (near)

مقرب (close/intimate)

使い方

frequency

Very high in both written and spoken Persian.

よくある間違い

Using 'taghribi' as an adverb. → Using 'taghriban'.
You can't say 'I have taghribi ten books'. You must say 'taghriban'.
Forgetting the Ezafe. → vazn-e taghribi
Without the Ezafe, the words don't connect grammatically.
Confusing with 'gharib'. → taghribi
'Gharib' means strange; 'taghribi' means approximate.
Spelling with 'Gaf'. → تقریبی (with ق)
The 'gh' sound in this word is specifically the letter 'Ghaf'.
Using it for binary states. → Using 'almost' (taghriban).
You don't say 'approximate closed', you say 'almost closed'.

ヒント

The Ezafe Rule

Always remember to add the '-e' sound between the noun and 'taghribi'. It's 'vazn-e taghribi'.

Synonym Choice

Use 'hodudi' for casual prices and 'taghribi' for school or work reports.

Stress the End

Put the emphasis on the 'bi' at the end: tagh-ri-BI.

Softening Claims

Use 'taghribi' to avoid sounding too aggressive or certain when you aren't 100% sure.

Spelling Ghaf

The word starts with 'T' (ت) and has a 'Ghaf' (ق). Don't confuse it with 'Khaf' (خ).

Politeness

Being 'approximate' is often considered more polite in social invitations than being overly precise.

Adverb vs Adjective

If you hear an 'an' sound at the end (taghriban), it's the adverb. If you hear 'i' (taghribi), it's the adjective.

Root Connection

Connect it to 'gharb' (nearness) to remember it means 'near the truth'.

Business Persian

In contracts, 'taghribi' is used to define ranges that are subject to change.

Scientific Persian

Learn 'mohasebe-ye taghribi' for discussing mathematical limits.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Taghribi' as 'Tack-Ribby'. Imagine tacking a fake rib onto a skeleton—it's an 'approximate' fit, not the original one!

視覚的連想

Visualize a target where the arrow is in the outer circle but not the bullseye. That arrow is 'taghribi' to the center.

Word Web

Near Close Estimate Rough Math Time Price About

チャレンジ

Try to describe five things in your room using 'taghribi' for their measurements (e.g., the taghribi length of your desk).

語源

Borrowed from Arabic 'تقریبي'. It is the nisba adjective of 'تقریب' (taghrib), which is the verbal noun of the second form of the root Q-R-B (قرب).

元の意味： To cause to be near, to bring close, to make an approach.

Semitic root (Arabic) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar.

文化的な背景

Be careful not to use 'taghribi' when someone expects a professional, exact answer, as it can sound like you are being lazy or evasive.

English speakers might find 'taghribi' used more often in Persian where they would use 'about' or 'around' as a preposition.

Used in modern Iranian budget speeches in parliament. Common in 'Snapp' (Iranian Uber) app interface. Found in the works of Iranian mathematicians like Khwarizmi.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Shopping

قیمت تقریبی
تخفیف تقریبی
وزن تقریبی
تعداد تقریبی

Travel

زمان تقریبی رسیدن
فاصله تقریبی
هزینه تقریبی سفر
سرعت تقریبی

Science

محاسبه تقریبی
مدل تقریبی
خطای تقریبی
مقدار تقریبی

Socializing

ساعت تقریبی
تعداد تقریبی مهمان‌ها
آدرس تقریبی
برنامه تقریبی

Work

برآورد تقریبی
بودجه تقریبی
زمان تقریبی تحویل
گزارش تقریبی

会話のきっかけ

"قیمت تقریبی اجاره خانه در این محله چقدر است؟"

"زمان تقریبی پایان جلسه را می‌دانید؟"

"تعداد تقریبی شرکت‌کنندگان در همایش چقدر بود؟"

"فاصله تقریبی هتل تا ساحل چقدر است؟"

"آیا این یک آمار تقریبی است یا دقیق؟"

日記のテーマ

یک برنامه تقریبی برای هفته آینده خود بنویسید.

هزینه‌های تقریبی ماه گذشته خود را لیست کنید.

یک خاطره بنویسید که در آن زمان تقریبی رسیدن شما اشتباه بود.

چرا در علم از مدل‌های تقریبی استفاده می‌کنیم؟

تفاوت بین یک دوست صمیمی و یک آشنای تقریبی چیست؟

よくある質問

10 問

Taghribi is an adjective (approximate) used with nouns, like 'approximate price'. Taghriban is an adverb (approximately) used with numbers or verbs, like 'approximately ten'.

Usually no, unless you are talking about an 'approximate number' of people. You wouldn't call a person 'approximate'.

You can say 'hads-e taghribi' (approximate guess) or use the idiom 'hesab-e sar-angoshti'.

It is neutral to formal. In very informal speech, people often prefer 'hodudi'.

No, Persian adjectives like taghribi do not change for plural nouns. 'Adad-e taghribi' and 'adad-ha-ye taghribi' are both correct.

The root is the Arabic Q-R-B, meaning 'near'.

It is a voiced sound made in the back of the throat, similar to the French 'r' or a soft gargle.

Yes, 'zaman-e taghribi' is very common.

Yes, 'taghrib zadan' is used, though 'tokhmin zadan' is more common for 'to estimate'.

Not directly. 'Gharib' or 'Nazdik' mean near. 'Taghribi' specifically means approximate.

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