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B2 noun 8分で読める

चलन

chalan
練習する 例文 メモとヒント चलन 30秒で
解説 चलन in your Level:
At the A1 level, think of 'Chalan' as a way to say 'fashion' or 'what is popular right now.' Imagine you are looking at what people are wearing or eating. If many people are doing the same thing, that is a 'Chalan.' For example, if many people are using mobile phones, you can say it is the 'Chalan' of mobile phones. It is a simple noun. You don't need to worry about complex grammar. Just remember that it is a masculine word. So, you say 'Achha chalan' (Good trend). It helps you talk about basic things you see in the world around you. It's like saying 'everyone is doing it.'
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At the A2 level, 'Chalan' starts to include 'habits of a group.' You can use it to describe common things in your city or country. For example, 'In India, the trend (chalan) of drinking tea is very high.' You will often use it with the word 'ka' (of). [Something] + ka + chalan. You can also start using it to talk about things that are 'out' of fashion. If people stop using old radios, you can say the 'chalan' of radios has ended. It helps you make more interesting sentences about culture and society, going beyond just basic descriptions of objects.
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At the B1 level, 'Chalan' becomes a tool for discussing social changes and market trends. You should be able to use it to describe shifts in technology or education. For instance, 'The trend (chalan) of online shopping is growing.' You can also use it in the context of 'prevalence.' If a certain behavior is common in an office or a school, you can use 'chalan' to describe it. You will also start to see it in news headlines. It's a key word for expressing opinions about how the world is changing. You should notice how it differs from 'Aadat' (personal habit) and 'Riwaj' (old tradition).
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At the B2 level, you should master the nuance of 'Chalan' as both 'trend' and 'currency/circulation.' You can discuss economic topics, like the circulation of banknotes or the prevalence of certain financial policies. You can use it to analyze societal shifts in depth, such as the 'chalan' of nuclear families versus joint families. You should be comfortable using it in formal writing and understanding its use in literature. You also need to be careful not to confuse it with 'Challan' (a fine). Your usage should reflect an understanding that 'Chalan' represents the zeitgeist—the spirit of the times.
At the C1 level, 'Chalan' is used to discuss high-level sociological and philosophical movements. You might use it to describe the 'chalan' of a particular school of thought or a literary style. You understand its etymological roots (from 'Chal' - to move) and how that informs its various meanings. You can use phrases like 'Lok-chalan' (public custom) or 'Chalan-shakti' (currency power/validity) in complex arguments. Your ability to distinguish 'Chalan' from 'Pratha,' 'Parampara,' and 'Pravritti' should be flawless. You can use it to critique societal norms and describe the 'flow' of cultural evolution over decades or centuries.
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At the C2 level, 'Chalan' is a versatile instrument in your linguistic repertoire. You can use it to explore the most subtle shifts in language, thought, and societal structure. You might use it in a poetic sense to describe the 'movement' of time or the 'vogue' of an era that has long passed. You understand its legal implications in deep financial contexts and its historical weight in classical Hindi literature. You can play with the word, using it in metaphors or complex idiomatic expressions. For you, 'Chalan' is not just a word for 'trend'; it is a concept that captures the very essence of human collective behavior and its constant state of flux.
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चलन 30秒で

  • Chalan means 'trend' or 'custom' in Hindi.
  • It is a masculine noun used for social habits.
  • It also means 'circulation' for money and coins.
  • Commonly used as '[Noun] ka chalan' in sentences.

The Hindi word चलन (Chalan) is a multifaceted noun that primarily translates to 'trend,' 'custom,' 'vogue,' or 'currency.' At its core, it derives from the Sanskrit root 'Chal', which means to move or to walk. Consequently, Chalan refers to the 'way things are moving' in a society, a market, or a specific period. It is an essential word for B2 learners because it bridges the gap between simple daily habits and broader sociological observations.

Social Context
In social settings, Chalan describes what is currently popular or acceptable. If everyone is suddenly wearing sustainable clothing, a Hindi speaker would say that sustainable fashion is the current Chalan. It implies a sense of collective movement rather than an individual choice.

आजकल डिजिटल भुगतान का चलन बहुत बढ़ गया है। (Nowadays, the trend of digital payments has increased significantly.)

Furthermore, Chalan is used in economic and legal contexts to refer to the 'circulation' of currency. When a banknote is no longer legal tender, it is said to be out of Chalan. This nuance is vital for understanding news reports or financial discussions in India. It suggests that for something to have Chalan, it must be recognized and accepted by the majority as a valid medium or method.

Linguistic Nuance
While Riwaj (custom) refers to long-standing traditions, Chalan is more dynamic. It can describe a temporary trend that might change in a few years, making it the perfect word for fashion, technology, and modern lifestyles.

पुराने ज़माने में संयुक्त परिवारों का चलन था। (In olden times, the custom of joint families was prevalent.)

In a 600-word deep dive, one must also acknowledge that Chalan can sometimes overlap with 'conduct' or 'behavior' in high-register literature, though this is less common in modern spoken Hindi. When you hear someone say 'unka chalan theek nahi hai' (rare but possible), they are referring to someone's conduct or the way they carry themselves. However, for 95% of modern usage, stick to 'trend' or 'vogue'.

Modern Usage
In the age of social media, 'Chalan' is the go-to translation for 'trending.' Hashtags, viral challenges, and internet slang all fall under the umbrella of modern Chalan.

सोशल मीडिया पर इस गाने का चलन जोरों पर है। (This song is trending heavily on social media.)

To master this word, observe the world around you. Identify a pattern—be it the food people eat, the way they talk, or the technology they use—and label it as a Chalan. It is a word that requires an observer's eye, capturing the zeitgeist of a moment in time.

Using चलन (Chalan) effectively requires understanding its relationship with the genitive marker 'ka' (का/की/के) or its use as a subject in a sentence. Most commonly, you will see the pattern '[Noun] का चलन' (The trend of [Noun]).

Pattern 1: [Noun] का चलन है
This is the most standard way to state that something is currently in style or is a common practice.

आजकल घर से काम करने का चलन है। (Nowadays, there is a trend of working from home.)

When discussing the increase or decrease of a trend, verbs like 'badhna' (to increase) or 'ghatna' (to decrease) are used. This allows you to describe cultural shifts over time. Notice how Chalan remains the subject of the sentence here.

Pattern 2: चलन बढ़ना/घटना
Describes the rise or fall of a custom or fashion.

शहरों में साइकिल चलाने का चलन फिर से बढ़ रहा है। (The trend of cycling is increasing again in cities.)

In a financial context, Chalan is used with 'bahar' (out) to indicate that money is no longer valid. This is a very specific but common use-case in news and formal documents.

Pattern 3: चलन से बाहर होना
To be out of circulation or out of fashion.

ये पुराने सिक्के अब चलन से बाहर हो गए हैं। (These old coins have now gone out of circulation.)

In more formal or literary contexts, Chalan can be paired with 'lok' (public/people) to form 'lok-chalan', meaning 'public custom' or 'prevailing practice'. This is useful for writing essays or formal reports on culture.

भारतीय समाज में अतिथि सत्कार का चलन सदियों पुराना है। (The custom of hospitality in Indian society is centuries old.)

To sound like a native speaker, use Chalan when you want to express that something is not just a habit, but a broader social phenomenon. It elevates your Hindi from basic 'Aadat' (habit) to a more sophisticated observation of the world.

You will encounter चलन (Chalan) in a variety of real-world scenarios, ranging from the high-paced world of fashion to the serious halls of economics. Understanding these contexts helps in internalizing the word's versatility.

1. Fashion and Lifestyle Media
Magazines like Vogue India or Hindi lifestyle blogs frequently use 'Chalan' to discuss the latest styles. Whether it's 'retro fashion ka chalan' or 'minimalist decor ka chalan', the word is ubiquitous here.

इस साल पेस्टल रंगों का चलन रहेगा। (Pastel colors will be in trend this year.)

In the business world, especially during discussions about 'Demonetization' (Notebandi) in India, Chalan was the keyword used by every news anchor. It referred specifically to the 'legal tender' status of the 500 and 1000 rupee notes. If you watch documentaries on Indian economy, this word will appear constantly.

2. News and Finance
Used to describe the circulation of money or the prevalence of a specific economic policy.

बाज़ार में नए नोटों का चलन धीमा है। (The circulation of new notes in the market is slow.)

In daily conversations among elders, Chalan is used to lament or celebrate changes in society. You might hear a grandmother talking about the 'chalan' of her youth versus today's 'chalan' regarding weddings, festivals, or even the way children speak to their parents.

3. Academic and Sociological Discussions
Professors and researchers use the term to describe behavioral patterns in a population, such as 'urbanization ka chalan' (the trend of urbanization).

शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में ऑनलाइन लर्निंग का चलन एक बड़ा बदलाव है। (The trend of online learning in the field of education is a big change.)

Lastly, in the tech world, 'Chalan' is used for UI/UX trends or programming language popularity. If a developer says 'Aajkal Python ka chalan hai,' they mean Python is the 'it' language right now. It is truly a word for all seasons.

Even advanced learners often stumble when using चलन (Chalan). The most frequent errors involve confusing it with similar-sounding words or misapplying its grammatical gender.

Mistake 1: Chalan vs. Challan
This is the #1 mistake. 'Challan' (चालान) with a long 'aa' sound refers to a fine or a receipt (like a traffic ticket). 'Chalan' (चलन) refers to a trend. If you tell a police officer 'Mera chalan kar do,' you are literally asking him to 'make me a trend' instead of 'issue me a fine'!

Wrong: पुलिस ने मेरा चलन काट दिया।
Right: पुलिस ने मेरा चालान काट दिया।

Another common error is using Chalan when you should use Aadat (habit). Chalan is collective; Aadat is individual. You cannot say 'Mujhe subah jaldi uthne ka chalan hai' (I have a trend of waking up early). That sounds very strange.

Mistake 2: Individual vs. Collective
Remember that 'Chalan' is for societies, groups, or eras. Use 'Aadat' for yourself or specific individuals.

Confusing Chalan with Chaal is also a trap. Chaal (चाल) refers to a person's gait, a move in chess, or a deceptive trick. While they share the same root, their meanings have diverged significantly over time.

Mistake 3: Chalan vs. Chaal
Do not use 'Chalan' to describe how someone walks or a 'move' someone makes in a game.

Wrong: उसकी चलन तेज़ है। (His trend is fast? - Nonsense)
Right: उसकी चाल तेज़ है। (His gait is fast.)

Lastly, avoid using 'Chalan' as a verb. It is strictly a noun. You cannot 'chalan' something; something 'is' in 'chalan' or the 'chalan' of something 'increases'.

To truly master Hindi, you must know when to use चलन (Chalan) and when to opt for its synonyms. Each word carries a slightly different 'flavor' or register.

1. रिवाज (Riwaj) - Custom / Tradition
Riwaj is more permanent than Chalan. It refers to established customs, often passed down through generations. While a Chalan might last a season, a Riwaj lasts a century.

शादी में ये एक पुराना रिवाज है। (This is an old custom in weddings.)

Then there is Pratha (प्रथा), which is a more formal, often institutionalized tradition. You would use Pratha for things like 'Sati Pratha' (the practice of Sati) or 'Dahej Pratha' (the dowry system). It sounds more serious and academic than Chalan.

2. प्रथा (Pratha) - Established Practice
Used for formal or historical societal practices, often with a moral or legal connotation.

For a modern, tech-savvy vibe, many urban Indians simply use the English loanword 'Trend' (ट्रेंड). While 'Chalan' is perfectly correct, 'Trend' is very common in casual conversation, especially regarding social media.

3. प्रवृत्ति (Pravritti) - Tendency / Inclination
Pravritti is psychological. It describes a natural tendency or inclination of a person or a group. While Chalan is what people are doing, Pravritti is why they are doing it.

इंसानों में हिंसा की प्रवृत्ति होती है। (Humans have a tendency towards violence.)

By choosing the right word, you show that you understand the nuance of the Hindi language. Chalan is the 'mid-range' word—not too formal like Pratha, and not too casual like Trend.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'Chalan' and the word 'Challan' (invoice) are often confused because they both come from the idea of something 'moving' or 'passing' through a system, but 'Challan' entered Hindi via administrative English/Persian influences.

発音ガイド

UK /tʃʌ.lʌn/
US /tʃə.lən/
Equal stress on both syllables, though slightly more on the first syllable 'Cha'.
韻が合う語
लन (Lan) मन (Man) धन (Dhan) वन (Van) तन (Tan) जन (Jan) गगन (Gagan) पवन (Pavan)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing it like 'Challan' (with a long 'aa').
  • Pronouncing the 'n' as a nasal 'n' (it is a full dental 'n').
  • Confusing the 'ch' with 'sh'.
  • Making the 'l' sound too heavy.
  • Adding an 'a' at the end (Challana).

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in text due to frequent usage.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct genitive 'ka' placement.

スピーキング 4/5

Must distinguish from 'Challan' (fine).

リスニング 3/5

Clear pronunciation usually helps identification.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

चलना रिवाज नया पुराना बाज़ार

次に学ぶ

प्रचलित प्रथा परंपरा प्रवृत्ति

上級

मुद्रास्फीति वैश्वीकरण संस्कृति

知っておくべき文法

Masculine Noun Agreement

चलन 'बड़ा' है (not 'बड़ी').

Genitive Case 'ka'

फैशन 'का' चलन (The trend of fashion).

Postposition 'mein'

वह चलन 'में' है (It is 'in' trend).

Compound Verb with 'hona'

चलन 'होना' (To be a trend).

Ablative 'se' for separation

चलन 'से' बाहर (Out 'of' circulation).

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レベル別の例文

1

आजकल लाल रंग का चलन है।

Nowadays, red color is in trend.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

2

क्रिकेट का चलन बहुत है।

The trend of cricket is very much (popular).

Using 'bahut' to show popularity.

3

चाय का चलन पुराना है।

The custom of tea is old.

Adjective 'purana' matches masculine 'chalan'.

4

क्या यह चलन अच्छा है?

Is this trend good?

Interrogative sentence.

5

नए जूतों का चलन है।

New shoes are in trend.

Genitive 'ka' connects shoes and trend.

6

गाना गाने का चलन है।

There is a trend of singing songs.

Verb 'gana' turned into a noun phrase.

7

यह चलन नया नहीं है।

This trend is not new.

Negative sentence.

8

शहर में साइकिल का चलन है।

Cycling is in trend in the city.

Locative 'shahar mein' indicates place.

1

गाँवों में अब मोबाइल का चलन बढ़ गया है।

The trend of mobiles has increased in villages now.

Verb 'badh gaya' shows change.

2

शादी में उपहार देने का चलन है।

There is a custom of giving gifts in weddings.

Focus on social customs.

3

पुराने सिक्कों का चलन अब नहीं है।

Old coins are no longer in circulation.

Financial context: circulation.

4

आजकल योग का चलन हर जगह है।

Nowadays, the trend of yoga is everywhere.

Using 'har jagah' for prevalence.

5

क्या आपके देश में यह चलन है?

Is this trend/custom prevalent in your country?

Possessive 'aapke' used for country.

6

फास्ट फूड का चलन सेहत के लिए बुरा है।

The trend of fast food is bad for health.

Expressing an opinion.

7

त्योहारों पर नए कपड़े पहनने का चलन है।

There is a custom of wearing new clothes on festivals.

Temporal 'tyoharon par'.

8

बाज़ार में इस खिलौने का चलन है।

This toy is in trend in the market.

Specific object trend.

1

ऑनलाइन पढ़ाई का चलन तेज़ी से बढ़ रहा है।

The trend of online studies is increasing rapidly.

Adverb 'tezi se' modifies the increase.

2

पश्चिमी सभ्यता का चलन भारत में भी है।

The trend of Western civilization is also in India.

Abstract noun 'sabhyata' (civilization).

3

कंपनियों में अब पाँच दिन काम का चलन है।

There is a trend of five-day work weeks in companies.

Corporate context.

4

प्लास्टिक के इस्तेमाल का चलन कम करना होगा।

We will have to reduce the trend of using plastic.

Modal 'hoga' for necessity.

5

सोशल मीडिया पर नई भाषा का चलन शुरू हुआ है।

A trend of new language has started on social media.

Linguistic trend.

6

स्वदेशी वस्तुओं के उपयोग का चलन फिर से लौट रहा है।

The trend of using indigenous goods is returning again.

Compound verb 'laut raha hai'.

7

आजकल छोटी फिल्मों का चलन ज़्यादा है।

Nowadays, the trend of short films is more.

Comparing quantities with 'zyada'.

8

क्या आपको लगता है कि यह चलन टिकेगा?

Do you think this trend will last?

Future tense 'tikega' (will stay/last).

1

नोटबंदी के बाद पुराने नोट चलन से बाहर हो गए।

After demonetization, old notes went out of circulation.

Specific idiom 'chalan se bahar'.

2

समाज में दिखावे का चलन एक बड़ी समस्या है।

The trend of showing off in society is a big problem.

Psychological/Social analysis.

3

आधुनिक युग में ई-बुक्स का चलन बढ़ गया है।

The trend of e-books has increased in the modern era.

Era-specific context.

4

राजनीति में अब सोशल मीडिया का चलन निर्णायक है।

The trend of social media in politics is now decisive.

Adjective 'nirnayak' (decisive).

5

शाकाहार का चलन दुनिया भर में फैल रहा है।

The trend of vegetarianism is spreading across the world.

Global context.

6

पारंपरिक कलाओं का चलन धीरे-धीरे कम हो रहा है।

The prevalence of traditional arts is slowly decreasing.

Passive-like structure 'kam ho raha hai'.

7

इस क्षेत्र में नकदी का चलन अभी भी बना हुआ है।

The usage of cash still persists in this area.

Continuous state 'bana hua hai'.

8

तकनीकी बदलाव के कारण पुराने उपकरणों का चलन खत्म हो गया।

Due to technical changes, the use of old devices has ended.

Causal 'ke karan'.

1

साहित्य में यथार्थवाद का चलन बीसवीं सदी में प्रबल था।

The trend of realism in literature was dominant in the 20th century.

Academic/Literary context.

2

लोक-चलन के विरुद्ध जाना कभी-कभी क्रांतिकारी होता है।

Going against public custom is sometimes revolutionary.

Compound word 'Lok-chalan'.

3

अर्थव्यवस्था में डिजिटल मुद्रा के चलन पर बहस जारी है।

The debate on the circulation of digital currency in the economy continues.

Formal 'bahas jari hai'.

4

वैश्वीकरण ने सांस्कृतिक चलन को पूरी तरह बदल दिया है।

Globalization has completely changed cultural trends.

Transitive 'badal diya'.

5

नैतिक मूल्यों के गिरते चलन पर समाजशास्त्रियों ने चिंता जताई है।

Sociologists have expressed concern over the declining trend of moral values.

Present perfect 'jatai hai'.

6

भाषा में विदेशी शब्दों का चलन उसकी जीवंतता का प्रतीक है।

The trend of foreign words in a language is a symbol of its vitality.

Linguistic philosophy.

7

उपभोक्तावाद के इस चलन ने पर्यावरण को भारी नुकसान पहुँचाया है।

This trend of consumerism has caused heavy damage to the environment.

Environmental context.

8

न्यायिक प्रक्रियाओं में पारदर्शिता का चलन स्वागत योग्य है।

The trend of transparency in judicial processes is welcome.

Legal/Administrative context.

1

इतिहास गवाह है कि सत्ता के स्वरूप का चलन बदलता रहता है।

History is witness that the trend of the nature of power keeps changing.

Philosophical/Historical tone.

2

मानवीय चेतना में आध्यात्मिकता का चलन एक चक्रीय प्रक्रिया है।

The trend of spirituality in human consciousness is a cyclical process.

Abstract spiritual context.

3

किसी भी विचार का चलन उसकी प्रासंगिकता पर निर्भर करता है।

The vogue of any idea depends on its relevance.

Logical proposition.

4

समकालीन कला में अमूर्तता का चलन गहराता जा रहा है।

The trend of abstraction in contemporary art is deepening.

Art criticism.

5

मुद्रा के चलन की गति अर्थव्यवस्था के स्वास्थ्य को दर्शाती है।

The velocity of currency circulation reflects the health of the economy.

Technical economic term 'velocity of circulation'.

6

परंपरा और आधुनिकता के बीच चलन का संतुलन बनाना अनिवार्य है।

It is essential to create a balance of trends between tradition and modernity.

Synthesizing opposites.

7

विचारधाराओं का चलन अक्सर राजनीतिक स्वार्थों से प्रेरित होता है।

The vogue of ideologies is often inspired by political self-interests.

Political science context.

8

क्या हम एक ऐसे युग में हैं जहाँ सत्य का चलन समाप्त हो रहा है?

Are we in an era where the currency of truth is ending?

Rhetorical question.

よく使う組み合わせ

चलन में होना
चलन से बाहर
नया चलन
चलन बढ़ना
चलन घटना
लोक-चलन
आम चलन
विदेशी चलन
पुराना चलन
चलन शुरू करना

よく使うフレーズ

चलन के अनुसार

— According to the trend or custom.

हमें चलन के अनुसार चलना चाहिए।

चलन पकड़ना

— To catch on; to become a trend.

यह गाना धीरे-धीरे चलन पकड़ रहा है।

चलन का हिस्सा

— A part of the custom/trend.

यह हमारी संस्कृति के चलन का हिस्सा है।

चलन में आना

— To come into vogue/circulation.

नया कानून अगले महीने से चलन में आएगा।

चलन से हटना

— To go out of fashion or use.

पुरानी मशीनें अब चलन से हट गई हैं।

बदलता चलन

— Changing trend.

बदलता चलन सबको प्रभावित करता है।

चलन की बात

— A matter of trend/custom.

यह तो बस चलन की बात है।

चलन को अपनाना

— To adopt a trend.

युवा नए चलन को जल्दी अपनाते हैं।

चलन के विपरीत

— Against the trend.

उसका व्यवहार चलन के विपरीत है।

चलन बनाए रखना

— To maintain a custom.

हमें अपने अच्छे चलन बनाए रखने चाहिए।

よく混同される語

चलन vs चालान (Challan)

This means a fine or a bill. 'Chalan' is a trend.

चलन vs चाल (Chaal)

This means a gait or a trick. 'Chalan' is a collective trend.

चलन vs चरित्र (Charitra)

This means personal character. 'Chalan' is social vogue.

慣用句と表現

"चलन से बाहर होना"

— To become obsolete or lose legal tender status.

500 के पुराने नोट अब चलन से बाहर हैं।

Formal/Financial
"सिक्का चलन में होना"

— To have influence or power (metaphorical).

आजकल उसी का सिक्का चलन में है।

Colloquial
"चलन ढीला होना"

— To lose popularity or momentum.

इस कंपनी का बाज़ार में चलन ढीला हो गया है।

Business
"चलन का मारा"

— Someone who follows trends blindly (often negative).

वह तो बस चलन का मारा है, अपनी अक्ल नहीं लगाता।

Informal
"नया चलन चलाना"

— To start a new tradition or trend.

उसने दफ्तर में जींस पहनने का नया चलन चलाया।

Neutral
"चलन की आंधी"

— A very strong or overwhelming trend.

सोशल मीडिया के चलन की आंधी में सब बह गए।

Literary
"पुराने चलन का"

— Old-fashioned or traditional.

मेरे दादाजी थोड़े पुराने चलन के हैं।

Informal
"चलन के साथ बहना"

— To go with the flow/follow the trend.

चलन के साथ बहना आसान होता है।

Neutral
"चलन तोड़ना"

— To break a tradition or trend.

उसने शादी में खर्च न करने का चलन तोड़ा।

Neutral
"चलन को हवा देना"

— To promote or encourage a trend.

विज्ञापनों ने इस नए चलन को हवा दी है।

Journalistic

間違えやすい

चलन vs चालान

Phonetically similar.

'Challan' is a legal document/fine; 'Chalan' is a trend/circulation.

पुलिस ने चालान काटा, लेकिन यह चलन नहीं है।

चलन vs आदत

Both refer to repeated behavior.

'Aadat' is personal; 'Chalan' is societal/collective.

मेरी आदत है, पर यह समाज का चलन नहीं है।

चलन vs रिवाज

Both mean custom.

'Riwaj' is old and fixed; 'Chalan' is current and can change.

यह हमारा रिवाज है, पर आजकल इसका चलन कम है।

चलन vs प्रथा

Both mean practice.

'Pratha' is very formal/institutional; 'Chalan' is more about popularity.

सती प्रथा एक कुप्रथा थी, चलन नहीं।

चलन vs फैशन

Direct synonyms in many contexts.

'Fashion' is specifically about looks/clothes; 'Chalan' is broader (includes money, habits).

यह सिर्फ फैशन नहीं, जीने का चलन है।

文型パターン

A1

X का चलन है।

साड़ी का चलन है।

A2

आजकल X का चलन बढ़ गया है।

आजकल पिज़्ज़ा का चलन बढ़ गया है।

B1

X का चलन अब खत्म हो रहा है।

रेडियो का चलन अब खत्म हो रहा है।

B2

X चलन से बाहर हो चुका है।

यह सिक्का चलन से बाहर हो चुका है।

C1

समाज में X का चलन एक नई दिशा दे रहा है।

समाज में ई-लर्निंग का चलन एक नई दिशा दे रहा है।

C2

X का चलन मानवीय व्यवहार की जटिलता को दर्शाता है।

उपभोक्तावाद का चलन मानवीय व्यवहार की जटिलता को दर्शाता है।

B1

क्या वहाँ X का चलन है?

क्या वहाँ टोपी पहनने का चलन है?

B2

X और Y के चलन में बड़ा अंतर है।

शहर और गाँव के चलन में बड़ा अंतर है।

語族

名詞

चाल (Chaal - Gait/Move)
चालक (Chaalak - Driver)
चलन (Chalan - Trend)

動詞

चलना (Chalna - To walk/move)
चलाना (Chalaana - To drive/operate)

形容詞

चलित (Chalit - Moved/Current)
प्रचलित (Prachalit - Popular/Prevalent)

関連

प्रचलन
गति
रिवाज
फैशन
मुद्रा
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使い方

frequency

Common in news, fashion, and social commentary.

よくある間違い
  • पुलिस ने मेरा चलन काटा। → पुलिस ने मेरा चालान काटा।

    You get a 'Challan' (fine), not a 'Chalan' (trend) from the police.

  • मुझे चाय पीने का चलन है। → मुझे चाय पीने की आदत है।

    Individual habits are 'Aadat'. 'Chalan' is for groups.

  • यह एक अच्छी चलन है। → यह एक अच्छा चलन है।

    Chalan is masculine, so it takes 'achha', not 'achhi'.

  • वह बहुत तेज़ चलन चलता है। → वह बहुत तेज़ चाल चलता है।

    The way someone walks is 'Chaal', not 'Chalan'.

  • बाज़ार में नए नोटों की चलन है। → बाज़ार में नए नोटों का चलन है।

    Again, masculine 'ka' must be used with 'chalan'.

ヒント

Gender Agreement

Always remember 'Chalan' is masculine. Say 'Bada chalan' not 'Badi chalan'. This is a common test for B2 learners.

Genitive Link

Use 'ka' to link the subject to the trend. 'Mobiles KA chalan'. It creates a possessive relationship.

Avoid Confusion

Be careful with the 'aa' sound. Short 'a' for trend (Chalan), long 'aa' for fine (Challan). Practice saying them side-by-side.

Societal Scope

Use 'Chalan' when you want to sound like a sociologist or a fashion critic. It sounds more professional than 'Fashion'.

The Flow Rule

Think of 'Chalan' as the 'current' of a river. It shows where society is flowing right now.

Circulation

In economic essays, use 'Chalan' to describe the movement of money. It adds a layer of sophistication to your writing.

News Keywords

Listen for 'Chalan' in business news. It often indicates whether a policy or currency is still valid.

Modern vs Traditional

Pair 'Chalan' with 'Adhunik' (modern) to talk about new-age trends in India.

Daily Observation

Every day, find one thing people are doing and say 'Aajkal [X] ka chalan hai' to yourself.

Compound Words

Try using 'Lok-chalan' in formal debates to refer to 'public trends'. It sounds very native.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'CHAL' (move) + 'AN'. A trend is something that is 'moving' (CHAL) through society right now.

視覚的連想

Imagine a river flowing. The direction of the water is the 'Chalan'. Or imagine a crowd all walking in the same style of clothes.

Word Web

Fashion Trend Currency Custom Vogue Usage Circulation Prevalence

チャレンジ

Try to identify three 'chalan' (trends) in your current city and write them down in Hindi using the phrase '[Noun] ka chalan hai'.

語源

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'चलनम्' (calanam), which means 'moving' or 'going.' It is rooted in the verb 'चल्' (cal) meaning to move.

元の意味： The physical act of moving or walking.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'chalan' to describe sensitive cultural practices; 'Riwaj' or 'Pratha' might be more respectful depending on the age of the custom.

English speakers might use 'trend' or 'vogue' or 'in style'. Chalan covers all these.

Demonetization news reports (2016) Fashion magazines like Femina Hindi Sociological texts by M.N. Srinivas

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Fashion

  • नए कपड़ों का चलन
  • स्टाइल का चलन
  • पुराना फैशन
  • ट्रेंडी चलन

Finance

  • नोटों का चलन
  • मुद्रा का चलन
  • चलन से बाहर
  • बाज़ार में चलन

Social Habits

  • शादी का चलन
  • पार्टी का चलन
  • मिलने-जुलने का चलन
  • आम चलन

Technology

  • मोबाइल का चलन
  • इंटरनेट का चलन
  • ऐप्स का चलन
  • नया तकनीकी चलन

Language

  • शब्दों का चलन
  • अंग्रेजी का चलन
  • बोलचाल का चलन
  • स्लैंग का चलन

会話のきっかけ

"आजकल आपके शहर में किस चीज़ का सबसे ज़्यादा चलन है?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि पुराने चलन फिर से लौट रहे हैं?"

"सोशल मीडिया पर आजकल कौन सा नया चलन (trend) चल रहा है?"

"क्या आपके परिवार में कोई ऐसा चलन है जो बहुत पुराना है?"

"आपके हिसाब से कौन सा चलन सेहत के लिए बुरा है?"

日記のテーマ

आज के समाज में एक ऐसे चलन के बारे में लिखिए जिसे आप बदलना चाहते हैं।

अपने बचपन के किसी लोकप्रिय चलन को याद कीजिए जो अब खत्म हो गया है।

तकनीक ने हमारे बात करने के चलन को कैसे बदल दिया है? विस्तार से लिखिए।

क्या 'चलन' का पालन करना ज़रूरी है? अपने विचार व्यक्त कीजिए।

एक भविष्य के चलन की कल्पना कीजिए जो 50 साल बाद होगा।

よくある質問

10 問

No, that is 'Challan' (चालान). While they sound similar, 'Chalan' (चलन) means trend or currency. Using 'Chalan' for a ticket is a common mistake for learners.

It is a masculine noun. You should use masculine adjectives and verbs with it, such as 'Achha chalan' or 'Chalan badh gaya'.

You can say 'चलन में है' (Chalan mein hai) or 'ट्रेंड कर रहा है' (Trend kar raha hai). 'Chalan' is the more formal Hindi term.

'Riwaj' refers to long-standing traditions and customs. 'Chalan' refers to current trends or things in circulation. Trends change faster than customs.

No, 'Chalan' is for groups or society. For personal habits, use the word 'Aadat' (आदत).

Yes, it refers to currency in circulation. If a note is 'chalan se bahar', it is no longer legal tender.

'Chal-chalan' is a compound word meaning 'conduct' or 'character' of a person. It is slightly more formal.

Yes, it is very common, especially when talking about what is popular, fashion, or changes in society.

Yes, it comes from the root 'Chal' meaning 'to move'. A 'chalan' is the way something 'moves' or 'goes' in society.

No, it is only a noun. To express 'to trend', you must use it with a verb like 'hona' (to be) or 'badhna' (to increase).

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自分をテスト 184 問

writing

Write a sentence using 'चलन' about modern technology.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Explain the difference between 'आदत' and 'चलन' in Hindi.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The trend of online shopping is increasing' in Hindi.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Describe a fashion trend using 'चलन'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a paragraph about how social media changed the 'chalan' of communication.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Ask a friend if a certain custom is prevalent in their country.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence about a food trend.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write about a trend that you don't like.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Use 'चलन' in a sentence about a wedding.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a question asking if a trend is good.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write about a technology that is now out of 'chalan'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence using 'चलन' in a financial news style.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'There is a trend of healthy eating.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence about a trend in your school/workplace.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Describe a trend that you think is dangerous.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'The trend of nuclear families is increasing.'

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence using 'चलन से बाहर'.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'The trend of cricket is high in India.'

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'New trend' in Hindi.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'Old trend' in Hindi.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'Chalan' in Hindi.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:

/ 184 correct

Perfect score!

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