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B1 adjective 8分で読める

जाली

jaali
例文 जाली 30秒で
解説 जाली in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know 'jaali' in its most basic context: 'fake money.' You might hear it while shopping. It is a simple adjective that describes something that is not 'asli' (real). At this stage, don't worry about the 'mesh' or 'lattice' meanings. Just remember that if someone says a note is 'jaali,' you should not accept it. It is pronounced 'JAA-lee.' It's a useful word to know for safety when handling cash in a new country. You can use it in simple sentences like 'This is a fake note' (यह जाली नोट है). It doesn't change its form based on the noun, which makes it easy for beginners to use. Focus on the contrast between 'asli' (real) and 'jaali' (fake).
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'jaali' for other objects like 'jaali ID' or 'jaali passport.' You are learning to describe things in more detail. You might encounter this word in simple news headlines or when talking about why someone was caught by the police. You should also be aware that 'jaali' is different from 'nakli.' While 'nakli' can be for toys or flowers, 'jaali' is usually for something important like a document. You can start forming sentences like 'He has a fake passport' (उसके पास जाली पासपोर्ट है). You might also see 'jaali' used to describe a 'fake smile' in stories, though 'nakli' is more common there. The key at A2 is to expand from just 'money' to 'documents.'
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At the B1 level, you should understand the nuance and the etymology. 'Jaali' comes from 'Jaal' (net). This helps you remember that it implies a 'web of lies.' You should be able to use it in professional or semi-formal contexts, such as discussing a 'jaali certificate' (जाली प्रमाण-पत्र) or 'jaali signature' (जाली हस्ताक्षर). You should also be introduced to the literal meaning of 'jaali' as 'lattice work' in Indian architecture, as you might visit historical sites. At this level, you should be careful not to use 'jaali' for artificial things like synthetic fabric or plastic plants. You should also know the noun 'jaalsazi,' which means forgery. This level is about precision in choosing between 'jaali,' 'nakli,' and 'jhootha.'
At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'jaali' in complex legal and social discussions. You should understand phrases like 'jaali dastawez tayyar karna' (to prepare forged documents). You will hear this word in debates about corruption, cybercrime (jaali websites), and intellectual property. You should be able to distinguish between 'jaali' and 'koot' (a formal Sanskrit word for forged). You can use 'jaali' metaphorically to describe a 'fake encounter' (jaali encounter)—a term often used in Indian media for staged police shootouts. Your vocabulary should include the understanding that 'jaali' implies a systematic attempt to defraud, rather than just a simple lie. You should also be comfortable using it as a predicative adjective in complex sentences.
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At the C1 level, you explore the literary and sociopolitical depths of the word. 'Jaali' can be used to critique the 'inauthenticity' of modern life or political rhetoric. You might read essays about 'jaali loktantra' (fake/hollow democracy) or 'jaali rishte' (superficial/fake relationships). You understand the historical significance of 'Jaali' work in Indo-Islamic architecture and can discuss its aesthetic value versus its figurative 'deceptive' meaning. You can use the word in high-level writing to describe sophisticated forgeries in art or literature. You are also aware of regional variations and how the word might be used in Urdu-heavy Hindi (Hindustani) versus more Sanskritized Hindi.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'jaali.' You can use it to discuss philosophical concepts of 'the real versus the simulated.' You can appreciate the wordplay in poetry where 'jaali' (the lattice) and 'jaali' (the fake) might be used to create double meanings. You understand the legal intricacies of 'jaalsazi' under the Indian Penal Code. You can spontaneously use the word in any register, from street slang to a courtroom. You can also identify synonyms like 'jaali,' 'jaalsaz,' 'dhokhebaz,' and 'makkari' and explain the exact emotional and legal weight each one carries. Your use of 'jaali' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker.
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例文

जाली 30秒で

  • Jaali means fake, counterfeit, or forged, specifically used for money and documents.
  • It comes from the word 'Jaal' (net), implying a web of deception.
  • It is an invariable adjective, meaning it doesn't change for gender or number.
  • Literal meaning: Mesh or lattice work in architecture (e.g., stone screens).
The Hindi word जाली (jaalī) is a fascinating adjective that every intermediate learner must master. At its core, it refers to something that is not genuine, counterfeit, or forged. Derived from the noun 'जाल' (jāl), meaning a net or a web, the word 'jaalī' metaphorically suggests something that has been caught in a web of deception or constructed like a complex, deceptive mesh. In modern India, you will most frequently encounter this word in news reports, legal discussions, and daily transactions involving money or official paperwork. It is the go-to term for 'counterfeit.' Unlike the word 'nakli' (नक़ली), which can mean 'artificial' (like an artificial flower) or 'imitation' (like imitation jewelry) without necessarily implying a crime, 'jaali' almost always carries a weight of illegality, forgery, or malicious intent.
Primary Usage
Used to describe forged documents, counterfeit currency, or fake identities created with the intent to deceive.

पुलिस ने बाज़ार में जाली नोट चलाने वाले गिरोह को पकड़ा। (The police caught the gang circulating counterfeit notes in the market.)

Beyond the world of crime, 'jaali' has a literal meaning: 'mesh' or 'lattice.' You will see 'jaali' work on the windows of the Taj Mahal or the Hawa Mahal. This architectural 'jaali' refers to perforated stone or latticed screens. However, for a B1 learner focusing on vocabulary enrichment, the 'fake' or 'counterfeit' meaning is the one that appears most often in social and professional contexts. When you hear someone say a document is 'jaali,' they aren't saying it's made of mesh; they are saying it's a forgery. Understanding the nuance between these two is key to sounding like a native speaker.
Contextual Nuance
Jaali implies a 'constructed' lie, much like a net is constructed thread by thread. This is why it is used for signatures and certificates.

उसने जाली हस्ताक्षर करके बैंक से पैसे निकाले। (He withdrew money from the bank by making a forged signature.)

In a metaphorical sense, 'jaali' can also describe a person's behavior if they are being particularly deceptive or 'two-faced,' though this is more slangy. For example, if someone is pretending to be your friend while plotting against you, a colloquial Hindi speaker might call their friendship 'jaali dosti.' This adds a layer of 'trap-like' deception to the idea of being fake.
Legal Terminology
In Indian Law, 'Jaalsazi' (forgery) is a serious offense, and 'jaali' is the adjective used to describe the evidence or the instrument of the crime.

अदालत ने उन जाली कागज़ों को सबूत मानने से इनकार कर दिया। (The court refused to accept those forged papers as evidence.)

सावधान रहें, आजकल बाज़ार में जाली दवाइयाँ भी बिक रही हैं। (Be careful, counterfeit medicines are also being sold in the market these days.)

Using 'जाली' (jaalī) correctly requires understanding that it functions as an adjective that usually precedes the noun it modifies. Because it ends in 'ī', many learners assume it changes based on the gender of the noun. However, 'jaalī' is an invariable adjective in many contexts when referring to 'fake.' Let's look at how it interacts with different types of nouns.
With Masculine Nouns
जाली नोट (Counterfeit note), जाली दस्तावेज़ (Forged document), जाली पासपोर्ट (Fake passport).

उसके पास एक जाली लाइसेंस था। (He had a fake license.)

In this sentence, 'license' (लाइसेंस) is masculine, and 'jaalī' remains unchanged. Even if the noun is plural, 'jaalī' stays the same. For example: 'जाली कागज़ात' (Forged documents).
With Feminine Nouns
जाली डिग्री (Fake degree), जाली मोहर (Forged stamp/seal), जाली मुस्कान (Fake smile).

उसकी जाली मुस्कान ने सबको धोखा दे दिया। (Her fake smile deceived everyone.)

Here, 'muskaan' (smile) is feminine, and 'jaalī' fits perfectly. When using 'jaalī' in more complex sentences, it often appears in the subject or object position to define the nature of the fraud. It is also common to use it with the verb 'बनाना' (banānā - to make/create) or 'निकालना' (nikālnā - to turn out/issue).

जांच में पता चला कि उसकी मार्कशीट जाली थी। (The investigation revealed that his marksheet was fake.)

In this case, 'jaalī' acts as a predicative adjective.
Common Verb Pairings
Jaali banana (to forge), Jaali nikalna (to turn out fake), Jaali thahrana (to declare as forged).

उसने मेरे जाली हस्ताक्षर किए। (He forged my signature.)

यह खबर पूरी तरह से जाली है। (This news is completely fake.)

Note that for 'fake news,' people also use 'jhoothi khabar,' but 'jaali khabar' implies it was systematically manufactured to look real.
If you live in or visit India, you will hear 'जाली' (jaalī) in several specific environments. The most common is the banking and retail sector. Cashiers in India are highly trained to spot 'jaalī note' (counterfeit notes). If you are at a small shop and the shopkeeper scrutinizes your 500-rupee note against the light, they are checking if it's 'jaalī.'

दुकानदार ने कहा, "यह नोट जाली लग रहा है।" (The shopkeeper said, "This note looks counterfeit.")

Another major area is the news. Indian news channels frequently run stories about 'जाली नोटों का कारोबार' (the business of counterfeit notes) or 'जाली दस्तावेज़ों का रैकेट' (a forged documents racket). In these contexts, 'jaalī' is used as a technical, legal term. In the world of architecture and tourism, the word takes on its literal meaning. When visiting monuments like the Red Fort or Fatehpur Sikri, guides will point out the 'jaalī kaam' (lattice work). This is the only context where 'jaalī' is positive and beautiful.
In Bureaucracy
Government offices often have warnings against 'jaalī praman-patra' (fake certificates) for jobs or admissions.

उसने जाली जाति प्रमाण-पत्र बनवाया। (He got a fake caste certificate made.)

You might also hear it in crime dramas (Bollywood movies or web series). Characters might talk about 'jaalī dhandha' (illegal/fake business) or 'jaalī ID.' In these high-stakes stories, 'jaalī' is synonymous with danger and deception.
Colloquial/Slang
Younger generations might use 'jaalī' to describe someone who is being 'fake' or acting cool when they aren't. "वह बहुत जाली बंदा है" (He is a very fake guy).

सोशल मीडिया पर जाली प्रोफाइल से सावधान रहें। (Beware of fake profiles on social media.)

Finally, in the medical world, unfortunately, 'jaalī dawai' (counterfeit medicine) is a serious issue discussed in public health warnings. If a medicine doesn't work or looks suspicious, people might call it 'jaalī.'

अस्पताल में जाली इंजेक्शन पकड़े गए। (Counterfeit injections were seized in the hospital.)

Learning when *not* to use 'जाली' (jaalī) is just as important as knowing when to use it. Many English speakers translate 'fake' as 'jaalī' in every situation, but Hindi is more specific.
Mistake 1: Using Jaali for Artificial Objects
If you are talking about artificial flowers, synthetic leather, or a wig, do NOT use 'jaali.' Use 'nakli' (नक़ली) or 'banawati' (बनावटी). 'Jaali' implies forgery, not just being non-natural.

Incorrect: ये जाली फूल हैं। (These are forged flowers - sounds weird.)
Correct: ये नक़ली फूल हैं। (These are artificial flowers.)

Mistake 2: Confusing Jaali (Adj) with Jaal (Noun)
Learners sometimes say 'jaal note' instead of 'jaali note.' 'Jaal' is the noun for a net. 'Jaali' is the adjective. Always use the 'ī' ending for the adjective 'fake.'
Mistake 3: Overusing it for Personalities
While you can call a person 'jaali,' it's very harsh. It implies they are a con artist. If you just mean someone is being insincere or fake in their emotions, 'dikhavati' (showy) or 'nakli' is better.

Incorrect: वह बहुत जाली रो रही है। (She is crying in a forged way.)
Correct: वह नक़ली आंसू बहा रही है। (She is shedding fake tears.)

Mistake 4: Mispronouncing the 'J'
Ensure the 'J' is a hard 'J' as in 'Jam,' not a 'Z' sound. 'Zaali' is not a word. The 'L' should be clear and the final 'ī' long.

सावधानी: जाली वेबसाइट्स पर अपनी जानकारी न दें। (Caution: Do not give your information on fake websites.)

In the context of technology, 'jaali' is often used for phishing or spoofed websites. Using 'nakli' here is also okay, but 'jaali' emphasizes the 'trap' aspect of the phishing site.
To truly enrich your Hindi vocabulary, you must understand how 'जाली' (jaalī) compares to its synonyms. While they all translate to 'fake' or 'false' in English, their usage in Hindi is quite distinct.
Jaali vs. Nakli (नक़ली)
'Nakli' is the broadest term for 'fake.' It covers everything from artificial flowers to fake diamonds to fake emotions. 'Jaali' is a subset of 'Nakli' specifically for forgeries and counterfeits. You can call a jaali note 'nakli,' but you wouldn't usually call a nakli flower 'jaali.'
Jaali vs. Jhootha (झूठा)
'Jhootha' means 'liar' (noun) or 'untrue/false' (adjective). It is used for spoken words, promises, or people. You have a 'jhootha vaada' (false promise), but a 'jaali signature' (forged signature).

उसका बयान झूठा था, पर उसके कागज़ जाली थे। (His statement was false, but his papers were forged.)

Jaali vs. Banawati (बनावटी)
'Banawati' means 'artificial' or 'made-up.' It is often used for behavior or things that are synthetic. 'Banawati smile' is a very common phrase. 'Jaali' is more criminal; 'Banawati' is more about appearance.
Jaali vs. Farebi (फ़रेबी)
'Farebi' is an adjective for a person who is a cheat or a fraudster. 'Jaali' describes the object, while 'Farebi' describes the person's character.

उस फ़रेबी इंसान ने मुझे जाली गहने बेच दिए। (That deceitful person sold me fake jewelry.)

यह हीरा असली नहीं, नक़ली है। (This diamond is not real, it is fake/imitation.)

In summary, use 'jaali' for forgeries, 'nakli' for imitations, 'jhootha' for lies, and 'banawati' for artificiality.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈdʒɑː.li/
US /ˈdʒɑ.li/
Stress is on the first syllable 'Jaa'.
韻が合う語
Mali (Gardener) Khali (Empty) Gali (Street) Tali (Clap/Fried) Bali (Sacrifice/Earring) Kali (Bud/Black) Lali (Redness) Jali (Burned - different root but same sound)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'J' as 'Z' (Zaali is incorrect).
  • Shortening the final 'i' (Jal-i instead of Jaa-lee).
  • Shortening the first 'a' (Jalli instead of Jaali).
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レベル別の例文

1

यह जाली नोट है।

This is a counterfeit note.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Noun + Verb structure.

2

क्या यह जाली है?

Is this fake?

Interrogative sentence using 'kya'.

3

वह जाली पैसे नहीं लेता।

He does not take fake money.

Negative sentence in present simple.

4

मेरे पास जाली नोट नहीं है।

I don't have a fake note.

Possession with 'ke paas'.

5

यह जाली आईडी है।

This is a fake ID.

'ID' is used as a loanword in Hindi.

6

सावधान! जाली नोट!

Beware! Fake note!

Exclamatory phrase.

7

वह जाली है।

That is fake.

Demonstrative pronoun + Adjective.

8

असली या जाली?

Real or fake?

Contrast using 'ya' (or).

1

पुलिस ने जाली पासपोर्ट पकड़ा।

The police caught a fake passport.

Past tense with 'ne' particle.

2

उसके पास जाली कागज़ थे।

He had fake papers.

Plural masculine noun with 'the'.

3

जाली नोटों से बचें।

Avoid counterfeit notes.

Imperative sentence with 'se bachen'.

4

उसने जाली साइन किए।

He did fake signs (signatures).

Colloquial use of 'sign' for signature.

5

यह जाली वेबसाइट है।

This is a fake website.

Feminine noun 'website' (often treated as feminine).

6

क्या आपके पास जाली दस्तावेज़ हैं?

Do you have fake documents?

Formal 'aap' with possession.

7

जाली दवाइयाँ खतरनाक होती हैं।

Fake medicines are dangerous.

General truth using 'hoti hain'.

8

उसने मुझे जाली नोट दिया।

He gave me a fake note.

Indirect object 'mujhe'.

1

बैंक ने जाली नोट ज़ब्त कर लिया।

The bank confiscated the counterfeit note.

Compound verb 'zabt kar liya'.

2

उसकी डिग्री जाली निकली।

His degree turned out to be fake.

Verb 'nikalna' meaning 'to turn out to be'.

3

जाली दस्तावेज़ बनाना अपराध है।

Making forged documents is a crime.

Gerund 'banana' as a subject.

4

महल की जाली बहुत सुंदर है।

The palace's lattice work is very beautiful.

Literal use of 'jaali' as a noun.

5

उसने जाली हस्ताक्षर करके पैसे निकाले।

He withdrew money by forging signatures.

Conjunctive participle 'karke'.

6

बाज़ार में बहुत जाली सामान बिक रहा है।

A lot of fake goods are being sold in the market.

Passive-style continuous 'bik raha hai'.

7

वह एक जाली कंपनी चला रहा था।

He was running a fake company.

Past continuous tense.

8

सावधान रहें, यह एक जाली कॉल हो सकती है।

Be careful, this could be a fake call.

Possibility with 'ho sakti hai'.

1

जाली मुद्रा देश की अर्थव्यवस्था के लिए खतरा है।

Counterfeit currency is a threat to the country's economy.

Formal vocabulary like 'mudra' and 'arthvyavastha'.

2

उसने जाली वसीयत तैयार की थी।

He had prepared a forged will.

Past perfect tense.

3

अदालत ने जाली सबूतों को खारिज कर दिया।

The court dismissed the forged evidence.

Oblique plural 'subooton'.

4

सोशल मीडिया पर जाली खबरों की बाढ़ आ गई है।

There is a flood of fake news on social media.

Idiomatic 'baadh aa gayi hai'.

5

जाली प्रमाण-पत्रों के आधार पर नौकरी पाना कठिन है।

It is difficult to get a job on the basis of fake certificates.

Postpositional phrase 'ke aadhar par'.

6

जाली पासपोर्ट रैकेट का भंडाफोड़ हुआ।

The fake passport racket was busted.

Idiomatic 'bhandaphor hona' (to be exposed).

7

उसकी जाली मुस्कान के पीछे गहरा दुख था।

Behind her fake smile was deep sorrow.

Metaphorical use of 'jaali'.

8

जाली चेक के जरिए लाखों की ठगी हुई।

Fraud of lakhs was committed through a forged check.

Use of 'ke zariye' (through).

1

आज के दौर में असली और जाली के बीच का अंतर मिटता जा रहा है।

In today's era, the difference between the real and the fake is fading.

Abstract nouns 'asli' and 'jaali'.

2

उसने बड़े शातिर तरीके से जाली दस्तावेज़ों का जाल बुना।

He cunningly wove a web of forged documents.

Adverbial phrase 'shatir tareeke se'.

3

साहित्य में जाली लेखन की पहचान करना एक चुनौती है।

Identifying forged writing in literature is a challenge.

Locative 'sahitya mein'.

4

राजनीतिक लाभ के लिए जाली विमर्श तैयार किया गया।

A fake discourse was prepared for political gain.

Formal term 'vimarsh' (discourse).

5

जाली आभूषणों की चमक असली से भी ज़्यादा हो सकती है।

The shine of fake jewelry can be even more than the real ones.

Comparison with 'se bhi zyada'.

6

उसने जाली पहचान अपनाकर सालों तक पुलिस को चकमा दिया।

He dodged the police for years by adopting a fake identity.

Conjunctive participle 'apnakar'.

7

यह फिल्म जाली राष्ट्रवाद की पोल खोलती है।

This film exposes the reality of fake nationalism.

Idiomatic 'pol kholna' (to expose).

8

जाली दवाइयों का सिंडिकेट अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर फैला है।

The counterfeit medicine syndicate is spread internationally.

Complex subject 'jaali dawaiyon ka syndicate'.

1

उत्तर-सत्य के युग में, जाली सूचनाएँ ही सत्य का रूप ले लेती हैं।

In the post-truth era, fake information itself takes the form of truth.

High-level term 'Uttar-satya' (Post-truth).

2

उसकी पूरी शख्सियत ही जाली और बनावटी थी।

His entire personality was fake and artificial.

Synonym pairing for emphasis.

3

जाली नोटों का प्रचलन देश की संप्रभुता पर प्रहार है।

The circulation of counterfeit notes is an attack on the country's sovereignty.

Academic vocabulary 'prachalan' and 'samprabhuta'.

4

कला समीक्षक ने पेंटिंग को जाली घोषित कर दिया।

The art critic declared the painting to be a forgery.

Declarative 'ghoshit kar diya'.

5

जाली विज्ञापनों के प्रलोभन में आकर उसने अपनी जमा-पूंजी खो दी।

Enticed by fake advertisements, he lost his life savings.

Compound noun 'jama-poonji'.

6

इतिहास में कई जाली वृत्तांतों को सच मान लिया गया है।

Many forged narratives in history have been accepted as truth.

Passive construction 'maan liya gaya hai'.

7

वह जाली कागज़ात के बल पर सत्ता के शिखर तक पहुँच गया।

He reached the pinnacle of power on the strength of forged documents.

Idiom 'ke bal par' (on the strength of).

8

जाली सॉफ्टवेयर का उपयोग साइबर सुरक्षा के लिए एक बड़ा जोखिम है।

Using forged software is a major risk for cyber security.

Subjective 'upyog' (usage).

よく使う組み合わせ

जाली नोट
जाली दस्तावेज़
जाली हस्ताक्षर
जाली पासपोर्ट
जाली आईडी
जाली वेबसाइट
जाली डिग्री
जाली मुस्कान
जाली दवा
जाली मोहर

よく使うフレーズ

जाली नोटों का धंधा

— The business of counterfeit notes.

वह जाली नोटों के धंधे में शामिल है।

जाली कागज़ात तैयार करना

— To prepare forged documents.

जाली कागज़ात तैयार करना गैर-कानूनी है।

जाली काम

— Lattice/mesh work (architectural).

ताजमहल का जाली काम अद्भुत है।

जाली पहचान

— Fake identity.

उसने जाली पहचान के साथ होटल बुक किया।

जाली वोट

— Fake/bogus vote.

चुनाव में जाली वोट डाले गए।

जाली प्रमाण-पत्र

— Fake certificate.

उसने जाली प्रमाण-पत्र से नौकरी पाई।

जाली प्रोफाइल

— Fake profile (online).

जाली प्रोफाइल से दोस्ती न करें।

जाली कंपनी

— Shell/Fake company.

यह एक जाली कंपनी है।

जाली एनकाउंटर

— Fake/staged police encounter.

जाली एनकाउंटर की जांच हो रही है।

जाली सिक्के

— Counterfeit coins.

उसने जाली सिक्के बनाए।

慣用句と表現

"जाली नोट की तरह फेंक देना"

— To discard someone or something as worthless.

उसने मुझे जाली नोट की तरह फेंक दिया।

Informal
"जाली जाल बुनना"

— To weave a web of complex lies (pun on jaal/jaali).

उसने झूठ का जाली जाल बुना है।

Literary
"असली में जाली"

— Something fake hidden within the real.

उसकी बातों में असली कम और जाली ज़्यादा है।

Neutral
"जाली चेहरा"

— A fake/hypocritical face.

उसका जाली चेहरा अब सबके सामने है।

Neutral
"जाली दुनिया"

— The fake/illusory world.

यह सब जाली दुनिया का खेल है।

Philosophical
"जाली ठप्पा"

— A fake seal of approval.

उसने जाली ठप्पा लगाकर माल पास कर दिया।

Bureaucratic
"जाली रिश्तों की भीड़"

— A crowd of fake relationships.

आजकल जाली रिश्तों की भीड़ बढ़ गई है।

Poetic
"जाली कागज़, असली जेल"

— Fake papers lead to real jail (Proverbial).

याद रखना, जाली कागज़ और असली जेल।

Informal/Cautionary
"जाली मुस्कान का नक़ाब"

— A mask of a fake smile.

उसने जाली मुस्कान का नक़ाब ओढ़ रखा है।

Literary
"जाली खबर की आग"

— The fire (rapid spread) of fake news.

जाली खबर की आग जल्दी फैलती है।

Neutral

語族

名詞

जाल (Jāl - Net/Web)
जाल्स़ाज़ी (Jālsāzī - Forgery)
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