따다 30秒で
- 따다 primarily means 'to pick' or 'to pluck' fruits and flowers from their stems.
- It is also used for opening sealed items like cans (캔을 따다) and bottles (병을 따다).
- In achievement contexts, it means 'to win' medals or 'to earn' licenses and certifications.
- It can mean 'to take' or 'derive' something like a name or a quote from a source.
The Korean verb 따다 (ttada) is a multifaceted word that every learner should master early on because it appears in a surprising variety of daily contexts. While its primary definition is to pick or pluck something—like a ripe apple from a tree or a delicate flower from a garden—its semantic range extends far beyond agriculture. In the Korean mindset, '따다' involves the action of separating a specific part from a larger whole or a fixed position, often requiring a bit of manual effort or skill. This concept of 'separation' or 'attainment' is the core thread that connects its various meanings, from opening a soda can to winning an Olympic gold medal.
- Primary Physical Action
- The most common use is harvesting. When you are in an orchard or a garden, you use '따다' for items that grow on branches or vines. For example, you '따다' apples, grapes, peppers, and leaves. It implies a deliberate act of plucking something that is attached.
가을에는 과수원에서 사과를 땁니다. (In autumn, we pick apples in the orchard.)
Beyond the garden, '따다' is the go-to verb for opening containers that require breaking a seal or popping a tab. If you are opening a bottle of beer with a bottle opener, or popping the tab on a can of cola, you are '따다'-ing it. This is because you are essentially 'plucking' the lid or the seal away from the container. It is distinct from '열다' (to open), which is a more general term for opening doors, windows, or boxes. '따다' specifically focuses on the act of breaking or prying open a sealed top.
- Achievement and Success
- In the realm of achievements, '따다' is used when you 'win' or 'earn' something through effort. This includes winning medals in sports, earning points in a game, or obtaining a professional license or certification. It carries a nuance of 'plucking' a victory out of a competitive field.
열심히 공부해서 운전면허를 땄어요. (I studied hard and got my driver's license.)
Furthermore, '따다' is used in linguistic and creative contexts. When you name a child after a famous person, or when a brand name is derived from a specific word, Koreans say the name was '따다' (taken/derived) from that source. Similarly, if you quote a sentence from a book, you are '따다'-ing that text. This reflects the idea of taking a small piece (the name or the quote) from a larger body of work. Even in social settings, '따다' can refer to getting someone's phone number (번호를 따다), which is a common slang expression among younger generations. This wide range of utility makes '따다' one of the most versatile verbs in the Korean language, shifting seamlessly from the literal soil of a farm to the abstract achievements of a career.
Using 따다 correctly requires understanding its conjugation and the specific objects it pairs with. As a regular verb ending in 'ㅏ', it follows standard conjugation patterns. In the present tense, it becomes '따요' (informal polite) or '땁니다' (formal polite). In the past tense, it becomes '땄어요'. Because it is a transitive verb, it almost always requires an object marked with the particles 을 or 를.
- Grammar Pattern: Object + 을/를 + 따다
- This is the fundamental structure. Whether you are picking a fruit, winning a medal, or opening a can, the thing being 'plucked' or 'attained' is the direct object.
엄마가 정원에서 장미를 따고 있어요. (Mom is picking roses in the garden.)
When using '따다' for achievements like licenses (자격증) or driver's licenses (운전면허), it is often paired with the '-(으)려고' (in order to) or '-기 위해서' (for the sake of) patterns to express purpose. For example, '취직하려고 자격증을 땄어요' (I got a certificate to get a job). In the context of games or gambling, '따다' is used for winning money (돈을 따다) or points (점수를 따다). Here, it contrasts with '잃다' (to lose). If you are the winner, you 'plucked' the money from the pot.
- Complex Usage: Derived Names and Quotes
- When talking about names derived from something, the source is marked with '-에서' or '-에서부터'. For example: '할아버지 성함에서 이름을 땄어요' (I took my name from my grandfather's name).
책의 제목은 시 구절에서 따온 것입니다. (The title of the book is taken from a line of poetry.)
In more advanced contexts, '따다' can be used with locks. '자물쇠를 따다' means to pick a lock. This usage implies a level of skill or illicit activity, similar to the English 'pick a lock'. In all these cases, the verb maintains its essence of 'extracting' or 'selecting' something specific from a source or a state of being closed/attached. Whether you are a farmer, a student, an athlete, or even a locksmith, '따다' provides the linguistic tools to describe the successful extraction of your goal.
The word 따다 is ubiquitous in South Korea, echoing through various settings from the rural countryside to the high-tech urban centers. If you visit a rural village during the harvest season, you will hear farmers discussing which crops are ready to be '따다'. It's a word of labor and reward. In the city, you'll hear it in much different contexts. At a 'pocha' (street bar), a friend might ask you to '맥주 좀 따 줘' (Please open the beer), referring to the metal cap. In these casual settings, the word is functional and immediate.
- In Sports and Media
- During the Olympics or the Asian Games, news anchors constantly use '따다' when reporting on medals. '대한민국 선수가 금메달을 땄습니다!' (A Korean athlete has won a gold medal!) is a phrase that brings national pride. Here, '따다' sounds much more prestigious than in the context of picking peppers.
어제 축구 경기에서 우리가 귀중한 승점 3점을 땄어! (We earned a precious 3 points in the soccer match yesterday!)
In the world of education and career building, '따다' is a word of aspiration. Students talk about '자격증을 따다' (earning certificates) to improve their resumes. In a competitive job market like Korea's, the number of 'spec' (specifications/qualifications) one has '따다'-ed is a major topic of conversation among young adults. You'll hear this in cafes near universities where students gather to study for exams like the TOEIC or computer literacy tests.
- In Domestic Life
- At home, parents might tell their children to '통조림 좀 따 줄래?' (Can you open the can?). Or when naming a new pet, they might say '영화 주인공 이름에서 땄어' (I took the name from a movie character). It's a word that bridges the gap between manual labor, social success, and creative naming.
Even in the dark corners of crime thrillers or detective dramas, you'll hear '금고를 따다' (crack a safe) or '문을 따다' (pick a lock). This demonstrates the word's versatility—it's not just about what you pick, but the action of skillfully separating or opening something that was meant to be closed or attached. From the cheering crowds of a stadium to the quiet focus of a student, '따다' is a verb that captures the essence of Korean achievement and daily life.
While 따다 is a common verb, learners often confuse it with other verbs that involve 'taking' or 'picking'. The most frequent error is confusing '따다' with '줍다' (to pick up). Remember the verticality: '따다' is for things still attached (on a tree, on a vine, a lid on a bottle), while '줍다' is for things already on the ground. If an apple falls to the grass, you '줍다' it; if it is on the branch, you '따다' it.
- Confusing with '뜯다'
- '뜯다' means to tear or pluck off with force (like grass or hair). While you can '따다' a leaf, if you are roughly pulling it off or tearing it, '뜯다' might be used. '따다' implies a cleaner separation, often for a purpose like eating or decorating.
Wrong: 땅에 떨어진 밤을
땄어요. (I picked the chestnut that fell on the ground.)
Right: 땅에 떨어진 밤을 주웠어요.
Another common mistake is using '따다' for opening everything. You cannot '따다' a door in a normal sense (unless you are picking the lock). For normal opening, use '열다'. You cannot '따다' a book; use '펴다' (to unfold/open). '따다' is specifically for seals, caps, and tabs. If there is no seal to break or cap to pry, '따다' is likely the wrong choice.
- Confusing with '뽑다'
- '뽑다' means to pull out (like a tooth, a weed, or a sword). If you are removing a whole plant from the roots, use '뽑다'. If you are just taking the fruit off the plant, use '따다'. For example, you '뽑다' carrots (roots) but '따다' tomatoes (fruit).
Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with the 'naming' context. They might try to use '받다' (to receive) a name. While you can receive a name, if you are specifically saying the name was *derived* from a certain source, '따다' is the most natural and precise verb. Avoid over-relying on general verbs like '하다' (to do) or '얻다' (to get) when '따다' provides a much richer, more native-sounding description of the action.
To truly master Korean, you need to know when to use 따다 and when its synonyms are more appropriate. Depending on the context—whether formal, technical, or casual—the choice of verb can change the entire tone of your sentence.
- 수확하다 (suhwakhada) vs. 따다
- '수확하다' is the formal/academic term for 'to harvest'. While you '따다' an apple, a farmer '수확하다' the entire crop. Use '수확하다' in news reports or textbooks, and '따다' for the actual physical action of picking.
올해는 쌀을 많이 수확했습니다. (We harvested a lot of rice this year.)
In the context of earning something, '취득하다' (chwideukhada) is a more formal alternative. While students say '자격증을 땄어' to their friends, an official document would say '자격증을 취득함' (Acquired certification). Similarly, '획득하다' (hoekdeukhada) is used for 'obtaining' or 'acquiring' points or medals in a more formal or written context.
- 채취하다 (chaechwihada) vs. 따다
- '채취하다' is often used for collecting natural samples or resources, like medicinal herbs, blood samples, or data. It sounds more technical or scientific than '따다'. If you are gathering herbs for medicine, '채취하다' is better; if you're picking them for dinner, '따다' is fine.
For opening things, '개봉하다' (gaebonghada) is a formal synonym. It is used for 'opening' a movie in theaters, 'unsealing' a package, or 'opening' a new product. While you '따다' a can of tuna, a company '개봉하다' a new film. Knowing these distinctions helps you move from basic communication to nuanced, professional Korean. By choosing '따다' in casual settings and its synonyms in formal ones, you demonstrate a deep understanding of Korean social registers.
豆知識
The meaning of '따다' expanded from agriculture to opening containers because the physical motion of popping a lid or cap mimics the action of snapping a fruit off a branch.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing '따' like the English 'ta' (aspirated). It should be a flat, tense 'tt'.
- Confusing it with '타다' (tada - to ride), which is aspirated.
- Confusing it with '다다' (dada), which is a plain 'd' sound.
- Not tensing the vocal cords enough for the double consonant 'ㄸ'.
- Shortening the vowel too much.
レベル別の例文
숲에서 꽃을 따요.
I pick flowers in the forest.
Present tense: 따다 -> 따요.
나무에서 사과를 땄어요.
I picked an apple from the tree.
Past tense: 따다 -> 땄어요.
포도를 많이 딸 거예요.
I will pick many grapes.
Future tense: 따다 -> 딸 거예요.
이 사과를 따 주세요.
Please pick this apple.
Request form: -아/어 주세요.
딸기가 맛있어서 많이 땄어요.
The strawberries were delicious, so I picked many.
Reasoning: -아서/어서.
꽃을 따지 마세요.
Please do not pick the flowers.
Prohibition: -지 마세요.
동생하고 같이 감을 땁니다.
I pick persimmons with my younger sibling.
Formal polite: -ㅂ니다.
누가 이 꽃을 땄어요?
Who picked this flower?
Interrogative past tense.
콜라 캔을 좀 따 주세요.
Please open this cola can.
Using 따다 for opening cans.
드디어 운전면허를 땄어요!
I finally got my driver's license!
Using 따다 for earning a license.
병따개로 맥주병을 따요.
Open the beer bottle with a bottle opener.
Instrument particle: -로/으로.
게임에서 점수를 많이 땄어요.
I earned a lot of points in the game.
Using 따다 for points.
이 통조림은 어떻게 따요?
How do I open this can?
Adverbial '어떻게' with 따다.
친구들과 산에서 산나물을 땄어요.
I picked wild greens in the mountain with friends.
Plucking wild plants.
상추를 따서 고기를 싸 먹어요.
Pick lettuce and wrap the meat to eat it.
Sequential action: -아서/어서.
작년에 수영 자격증을 땄습니다.
I got a swimming certificate last year.
Formal past tense: -았습니다.
한국 선수가 금메달을 땄을 때 정말 기뻤어요.
I was so happy when the Korean athlete won the gold medal.
Time clause: -(으)ㄹ 때.
그 영화의 제목은 소설에서 따온 거예요.
The title of that movie was taken from a novel.
Compound verb: 따오다 (to take from).
카드 게임에서 돈을 많이 땄지만 다 잃었어요.
I won a lot of money in the card game, but I lost it all.
Contrastive: -지만.
취업을 위해서 컴퓨터 자격증을 따야 해요.
I need to get a computer certification for employment.
Obligation: -아/어야 하다.
이 이름은 유명한 시인의 이름에서 땄어요.
This name was taken from a famous poet's name.
Source particle: -에서.
열쇠가 없어서 문을 따는 사람을 불렀어요.
I didn't have a key, so I called a locksmith (person who picks doors).
Noun modifying form: -는.
어려운 시험이었지만 결국 자격증을 따냈어요.
It was a difficult exam, but I eventually managed to get the certificate.
Compound verb: 따내다 (to achieve with effort).
유명한 가수의 노래 구절을 따서 가사를 썼어요.
I wrote the lyrics by taking a phrase from a famous singer's song.
Sequential action for creative derivation.
기사에서 핵심적인 문장만 따서 요약했습니다.
I summarized the article by taking only the core sentences.
Quoting/Extracting text.
그 브랜드는 창립자의 이름 첫 글자를 따서 만들었대요.
They say that brand was created by taking the first letter of the founder's name.
Indirect quote: -대요.
그는 노련한 솜씨로 자물쇠를 금방 땄다.
He picked the lock in no time with his skillful hands.
Skillful/Illicit picking.
이번 경기에서 승점을 따지 못하면 탈락입니다.
If we don't earn points in this match, we are eliminated.
Conditional negation: -지 못하면.
그는 도박으로 큰돈을 땄지만 결국 파산했다.
He won a lot of money through gambling but eventually went bankrupt.
Cause/Result contrast.
논문에서 다른 학자의 견해를 따올 때는 출처를 밝혀야 한다.
When quoting another scholar's views in a paper, you must state the source.
Academic quoting.
아이의 이름을 순우리말에서 따서 지었습니다.
I named the child after a pure Korean word.
Cultural naming practice.
그는 상대의 허점을 따서 공격의 기회로 삼았다.
He took the opponent's weakness and used it as an opportunity to attack.
Metaphorical 'taking' of an advantage.
정부는 이번 협상을 통해 유리한 조건을 따내기 위해 노력하고 있다.
The government is striving to secure favorable terms through this negotiation.
Formal 'securing/winning' terms.
고전 문학에서 모티프를 따온 현대 소설이 인기를 끌고 있다.
Modern novels that draw motifs from classical literature are gaining popularity.
Literary derivation.
그는 범행 현장에서 지문을 따는 데 성공했다.
He succeeded in lifting (taking) fingerprints from the crime scene.
Forensic 'taking' of prints.
기업은 시장 점유율을 조금이라도 더 따기 위해 치열하게 경쟁한다.
Companies compete fiercely to gain even a little more market share.
Economic 'gaining'.
그의 발언은 앞뒤 문맥을 다 따고 보도되어 오해를 샀다.
His remarks were reported with all context removed (plucked out), causing a misunderstanding.
Selective quoting (negative nuance).
이 요리는 전통 레시피에서 핵심 비법을 따와 현대적으로 재해석했다.
This dish took core secrets from traditional recipes and reinterpreted them modernly.
Culinary derivation.
그는 자서전에서 인생의 교훈을 자연의 섭리에서 따왔다고 술회했다.
In his autobiography, he recounted that he took life's lessons from the laws of nature.
Philosophical derivation.
적극적인 마케팅으로 젊은 층의 마음을 따는 데 주력하고 있습니다.
We are focusing on winning (picking) the hearts of the younger generation through active marketing.
Metaphorical 'winning hearts'.
작가는 실존 인물의 생애를 따와 허구의 세계를 구축했다.
The author constructed a fictional world by drawing from the life of a real person.
Complex narrative derivation.
고대 경전의 구절을 따서 자신의 논리를 정당화하는 것은 위험할 수 있다.
Justifying one's logic by plucking verses from ancient scriptures can be dangerous.
Rhetorical/Ethical context.
그는 역사의 거대한 흐름 속에서 자신만의 의미를 따내려 고군분투했다.
He struggled to extract his own meaning from the great flow of history.
Existential/Metaphorical extraction.
언어학자들은 이 단어가 고대어의 어떤 어근에서 따왔는지 연구 중이다.
Linguists are researching which ancient root this word was derived from.
Etymological derivation.
정치적 수사학에서 상대의 실언을 따서 공격하는 것은 흔한 일이다.
In political rhetoric, it is common to pluck an opponent's slip of the tongue and attack it.
Strategic extraction of words.
그는 만년의 고독 속에서 어린 시절의 기억을 따와 시를 썼다.
In the solitude of his later years, he wrote poetry by plucking memories from his childhood.
Poetic/Emotional extraction.
이 건축물은 자연의 곡선미를 따와 설계된 수작이다.
This building is a masterpiece designed by taking the beauty of natural curves.
Artistic derivation.
방대한 데이터 속에서 유의미한 상관관계를 따내는 것이 빅데이터 분석의 핵심이다.
Extracting meaningful correlations from vast data is the core of big data analysis.
Technical/Analytic extraction.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To open a liquor bottle. Used frequently at gatherings.
기분 좋은 날이라 비싼 술병을 땄어요.
— To pick a star. Often used metaphorically for doing something impossible.
하늘의 별 따기만큼 어려워요.
— To quote someone's words directly.
선생님 말씀을 그대로 따서 적었어요.
— To pick a lock. Can be used for locksmiths or in crime stories.
열쇠를 잃어버려서 자물쇠를 따야 했어요.
— To earn credits in university.
이번 학기에는 18학점을 땄습니다.
— To earn points in a loyalty program or game.
쇼핑을 해서 포인트를 많이 땄어요.
— To harvest a watermelon. Usually implies it's ripe.
잘 익은 수박을 땄습니다.
— To pick chili peppers. A common agricultural activity.
시골 할머니 댁에서 고추를 땄어요.
— To open a beer. Very common in social drinking.
시원한 맥주 한 캔 딸까요?
— To seize the opportunity for victory.
우리 팀이 초반에 승기를 땄어요.
慣用句と表現
— As difficult as picking a star from the sky. Used for impossible tasks.
그 회사에 취직하는 것은 하늘의 별 따기예요.
Common Idiom— To win someone's favor or 'brownie points'.
여자친구 부모님께 점수를 따려고 노력했어요.
Metaphorical— To humble someone or bring them down a notch (literally 'picking the nose').
그의 콧대를 따 주어야겠다.
Old-fashioned/Colloquial— While literal in sports, it's used metaphorically for any supreme achievement.
우리 아들이 이번 시험에서 금메달을 땄네! (Metaphorical praise)
Common— To successfully get someone's phone number for dating.
길에서 마음에 드는 사람 번호를 땄어.
Slang— To pick at the end of someone's words to start an argument.
자꾸 내 말꼬리를 따지 마.
Colloquial— To follow a certain rhyme or rhythm in poetry/speech.
이 시는 운을 잘 따서 지었다.
Literary— To take words out of context (removing the before and after).
앞뒤 다 따고 그 말만 하면 오해하지.
Common— To name something after someone/something else.
강아지 이름을 초콜릿에서 땄어요.
Common— To win money in any form of betting or game.
내기로 친구 돈을 땄어요.
Common語族
名詞
動詞
関連
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of the 'TT' in 'T-T-Tada!' like the sound of a lid popping open or a stem snapping. 'TT-ada!' I won the medal!
視覚的連想
Imagine a hand reaching up to a tree to 'pluck' a gold medal instead of an apple. This connects the agricultural and achievement meanings.
Word Web
語源
The word '따다' is a native Korean verb (pure Korean). It has been used since Middle Korean to describe the action of plucking or separating fruits from branches.
元の意味： The original meaning was strictly agricultural, referring to the separation of a fruit or leaf from its stem.
KoreanicSummary
The verb '따다' is a versatile word for 'attaining' or 'extracting' something. Whether you are picking an apple (사과를 따다), winning a gold medal (금메달을 따다), or opening a soda (콜라를 따다), you are separating a desired object from its source or seal.
- 따다 primarily means 'to pick' or 'to pluck' fruits and flowers from their stems.
- It is also used for opening sealed items like cans (캔을 따다) and bottles (병을 따다).
- In achievement contexts, it means 'to win' medals or 'to earn' licenses and certifications.
- It can mean 'to take' or 'derive' something like a name or a quote from a source.
例文
나무에서 사과를 땄어요.
関連コンテンツ
関連フレーズ
natureの関連語
~에 대한
A2「〜に関する」「〜についての」という意味の文法表現です。
~게
A2形容詞を副詞に変える接尾辞で、日本語の「〜く」や「〜に」に相当します。
공기
A1私たちが吸う空気。「山の空気はとても澄んでいます。」
몽땅
B1몽땅 は「すべて」「完全に」を意味します。何かが完全に消費されたり、なくなったり、関わったりする場合に使用されます。全体性を強調します。
온갖
B1あらゆる、ありとあらゆる。名詞の前に置いて、非常に多様な種類があることを示す。
~을/를 따라서
A2何かに沿って移動したり、何かの指示に従って行動したりすることを示します。「川に沿って歩く」や「指示に従って行う」などです。
동물
A1植物に対して、動いたり感覚を持ったりする生き物。韓国語の「動物」は漢字で「動く物」を意味します。
개미
A1コロニーと呼ばれる大きな集団で生活する、小さくて一般的な昆虫。非常に忙しく勤勉なことで知られています。
주위에
A2家の周りに公園がたくさんあります。 (주위에)
그대로
A2そのまま。状態を変えずに、あるいは示された通りに物事を行うことを表す副詞。
