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A2 noun 11分で読める

determinação

例文 determinação 30秒で
解説 determinação in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should recognize determinação as a word related to being strong and focused. You don't need to use it in complex legal ways yet. Just think of it as a 'big word' for saying you really want to do something and won't stop. You will mostly see it in short motivational sentences. For example, 'Eu tenho determinação' (I have determination). It is important to remember that it is a 'she' word (feminine), so we say 'a determinação'. This level focuses on identifying the word in simple texts about hobbies or basic goals. You might hear a teacher say 'Tenha determinação!' to encourage you to keep studying your Portuguese verbs. It is a good word to add to your basic vocabulary of emotions and traits because it helps you express your commitment to learning. Even at this early stage, knowing this word helps you understand the cultural importance of perseverance in Portuguese-speaking countries.
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At the A2 level, you begin to use determinação to describe yourself and others in more detail. You should be able to form simple sentences using the preposition 'com' (with), such as 'Ele estuda com determinação'. You are also learning that this word is common in sports and work contexts. You might see it in a simple news headline or a social media post. At this stage, you should also be aware of the plural form 'determinações,' though you will mostly use the singular. You can use it to talk about your plans, like 'Minha determinação é aprender 10 palavras por dia.' You should also start to notice that it often comes before 'de' and a verb, like 'determinação de ganhar.' This level is about moving from just recognizing the word to using it as a tool to describe character and effort in everyday situations. It's a key word for the A2 'Personal Information' and 'Work' topics.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using determinação in a variety of contexts, including discussing professional goals and social issues. You can explain what it means to have determination using synonyms like 'persistência' or 'firmeza.' You will encounter the word in more complex texts, such as short stories or opinion pieces in newspapers. You should understand the difference between the 'willpower' meaning and the 'official order' meaning. For example, you might read about a 'determinação do governo' regarding a new law. You can now use adjectives to modify the word, such as 'grande determinação' or 'muita determinação.' You are also expected to use it correctly in the 'com + noun' adverbial structure without relying on English-style adverbs. This level requires you to understand the nuance of the word in a sequence of events: first comes the 'decisão,' then the 'determinação' to carry it out.
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At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of determinação. You can use it in academic or professional writing to describe processes or character traits. You should be familiar with its scientific and legal uses—for instance, the 'determinação de valores' (determination of values) in an economic report or a 'determinação judicial' in a legal context. You can discuss the word's role in leadership and its importance in the history of Lusophone countries. You should be able to distinguish it from 'teimosia' (stubbornness) and 'obstinação,' explaining why one is positive and the other negative. Your pronunciation of the nasal suffix '-ção' should be accurate. At this level, you might also use the word in the context of 'self-determination' (autodeterminação) when discussing politics or international relations. You can handle complex sentence structures where determinação is the subject of a passive or reflexive clause.
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At the C1 level, you use determinação with the precision of a native speaker. You understand its etymological roots and how they influence its current usage in various dialects (European vs. Brazilian Portuguese). You can use it in high-level debates about philosophy or psychology, discussing the 'determinação do ser' (determination of being). You are comfortable with idiomatic expressions and can use the word to create sophisticated metaphors in your writing. You recognize the word in classical literature and can interpret its meaning within different historical periods. You understand the subtle shift in meaning when it is used in the plural 'determinações' to refer to a set of specific regulations or constraints. Your use of prepositions following the word (de, para, em, sobre) is flawless and changes based on the intended meaning. You can also identify and use related words like 'determinismo' (determinism) in intellectual discussions.
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At the C2 level, you have mastered the complete semantic range of determinação. You can use it in the most formal legal documents, scientific papers, and poetic works. You understand how the word functions in the 'determinação de causas' within complex systems analysis. You can effortlessly switch between its meaning as 'individual grit' and 'administrative mandate' within the same conversation without confusion. You might use it to discuss the 'determinação social da saúde' (social determination of health) or other complex sociopolitical theories. Your command of the word includes an awareness of its rhythmic and phonetic qualities in oratory. You can also critique the use of the word in political rhetoric, recognizing when it is being used to justify specific policies. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a versatile conceptual tool that you use to navigate the highest levels of Portuguese-speaking society and thought.
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例文

determinação 30秒で

  • Determinação is a feminine noun meaning 'determination' or 'resolve,' used to describe personal grit and the internal drive to achieve difficult goals in life.
  • It also carries a formal meaning of 'order' or 'mandate,' frequently appearing in legal, governmental, and corporate contexts to describe official instructions.
  • In scientific and technical fields, it refers to the process of 'identifying,' 'calculating,' or 'establishing' specific values, causes, or characteristics of a subject.
  • The word is central to motivational language in Portuguese and is often paired with the preposition 'com' to describe how an action is performed.

The word determinação is a powerful noun in the Portuguese language that resonates with strength, focus, and an unwavering commitment to a goal. At its core, it translates to 'determination,' 'resolve,' or 'steadfastness.' It is not merely a passive wish; it is an active state of mind where an individual decides on a course of action and pursues it despite obstacles, fatigue, or doubt. In Portuguese culture, which often values the concept of garra (grit/claws), determinação is the fuel that powers personal and professional success. It is used in contexts ranging from the athletic field to the boardroom, and from personal self-improvement to historical movements. When you describe someone as having determinação, you are paying them a high compliment, suggesting they possess the internal fortitude to see things through to the end.

Psychological Context
In psychology, determinação refers to the self-determination theory where individuals feel they have control over their choices and lives. It is the intrinsic motivation that drives behavior without the need for external rewards.
Formal and Legal Context
In legal or administrative Portuguese, determinação can also mean a formal order, a decree, or a specific instruction issued by an authority. For example, a judge might issue a 'determinação judicial' that must be followed by law.

A sua determinação em vencer a maratona foi inspiradora para todos os jovens atletas da cidade.

Beyond simple willpower, the word carries a sense of finality. Once a determinação is made, the debate is over, and the action begins. It is often paired with verbs like mostrar (to show), ter (to have), or agir com (to act with). In everyday conversation, it is frequently used to encourage someone who is facing a difficult task. You might tell a student, 'Com determinação, você vai passar na prova' (With determination, you will pass the exam). It bridges the gap between a dream and its realization.

Precisamos de muita determinação para mudar as leis ambientais do país este ano.

Social Usage
In social settings, the word is often used to describe survivors or people who have overcome immense tragedy. It suggests a resilience that is respected across all Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) cultures.

O cientista trabalhou com determinação por décadas até encontrar a cura para a doença rara.

Sem determinação, o talento muitas vezes é desperdiçado em projetos que nunca terminam.

In summary, determinação is a versatile word that covers the spectrum from personal grit to official mandates. It is a cornerstone of motivational speech in Portuguese and an essential term for anyone looking to discuss goals, character, or legal requirements. Its Latin roots link it to the idea of setting boundaries or 'terminating' alternatives, effectively narrowing one's focus to a single, necessary path forward.

Using determinação correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its common syntactical pairings. Since it is a feminine noun ending in -ção, it follows the standard pluralization rule of changing to -ções (determinações). Most commonly, it acts as the object of a preposition or the direct object of a verb that expresses possession or demonstration.

Common Verb Pairings
Verbs like ter (to have), mostrar (to show), exibir (to exhibit), and exigir (to require) are frequently used. Example: 'Ela tem uma determinação de ferro' (She has an iron determination).

Para aprender uma nova língua, você precisa de determinação e prática diária.

When using the word to describe how someone does something, the preposition com (with) is essential. It transforms the noun into an adverbial phrase meaning 'determinedly.' For instance, 'Ele estudou com determinação' (He studied with determination). This is much more common in Portuguese than using the adverb determinadamente, which can sound overly formal or clunky.

A determinação dos preços é feita pelo mercado, de acordo com a oferta e a procura.

Another important usage is in the sense of 'identifying' or 'calculating' something. This is the 'determination' of a value or a fact. In science or mathematics, you might hear about the determinação da massa (determination of mass) or determinação da causa (determination of the cause). Here, the word is more clinical and less about willpower.

Adjective Agreement
Any adjective modifying determinação must be feminine. Common adjectives include ferrenha (fierce), absoluta (absolute), inabalável (unshakable), and clara (clear).

A determinação inabalável da equipe levou à vitória no último minuto do jogo.

Houve uma determinação clara por parte da diretoria para reduzir os custos operacionais.

Finally, consider the plural form determinações. This is almost exclusively used in the 'rules/orders' sense. If a boss gives you a list of things to do, those are determinações. If a government issues new health guidelines, those are also determinações. You would rarely use the plural to describe someone's personal willpower unless you are talking about multiple specific instances of them being determined.

In the Lusophone world, determinação is a high-frequency word across several distinct domains. You will encounter it in places that value achievement, discipline, and authority. Understanding these specific environments will help you recognize the nuance of the word when you hear it in the wild.

Sports Commentary
In Brazil and Portugal, football (soccer) is a religion. Commentators often use determinação to describe a team that is losing but continues to fight hard. It’s synonymous with 'not giving up.' You will hear: 'O time jogou com muita determinação hoje.'

A determinação do goleiro impediu que o adversário fizesse o gol de empate.

In the corporate environment, determinação is a buzzword found in mission statements, performance reviews, and motivational speeches. It is seen as a key leadership trait. A manager might say, 'Precisamos de determinação para atingir as metas do trimestre.' It implies a professional focus that ignores distractions and concentrates solely on the KPI (Key Performance Indicator) at hand.

O governo anunciou uma nova determinação sobre o uso de máscaras em hospitais.

Education is another sphere where this word shines. Teachers use it to praise students who struggle but persevere. It’s part of the 'growth mindset' vocabulary in Portuguese. A teacher might write in a report: 'O aluno demonstrou grande determinação na superação de suas dificuldades em matemática.'

Self-Help and Social Media
If you follow Brazilian influencers or 'coaches' on Instagram or LinkedIn, you will see #determinação constantly. It is the cornerstone of the 'hustle culture' in the Portuguese-speaking world, often paired with images of early mornings or intense workouts.

Foco, força e determinação são os três pilares para o sucesso pessoal.

A determinação do grupo sanguíneo é essencial antes de qualquer transfusão de emergência.

Whether you are watching a soap opera (telenovela) where a protagonist is fighting for justice, or reading a technical manual about chemical analysis, determinação will appear. Its meaning shifts from 'internal fire' to 'external rule' to 'scientific measurement,' but the underlying sense of 'fixing' or 'settling' something remains constant.

Even though determinação is a cognate of the English 'determination,' English speakers often stumble on its gender, pluralization, and specific idiomatic uses. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Portuguese sound much more natural and precise.

Gender Confusion
Many learners assume abstract concepts might be masculine or neutral. In Portuguese, almost all words ending in -ção are feminine. Using 'o determinação' is a frequent error. It must always be 'a determinação.'

O determinação dele é forte.
A determinação dele é forte.

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the nasal 'ão' sound. English speakers often pronounce it as a flat 'on' or 'own.' In Portuguese, it’s a nasal diphthong. If you don't get the nasality right, the word might be misunderstood. Practice by saying 'ah' and then pushing the sound through your nose as you close your mouth slightly.

Ele tomou a decisão de sair, mas não teve a determinação para continuar o projeto sozinho.

Learners often overuse the adverbial form determinadamente. While grammatically correct, it sounds very stiff. Native speakers almost always prefer the construction com determinação. For example, instead of saying 'Ele agiu determinadamente,' say 'Ele agiu com determinação.'

Preposition Errors
Using 'determinação para' vs 'determinação de'. Use 'para' when indicating a purpose or destination (determinação para o sucesso). Use 'de' when followed by a verb (determinação de vencer).

Eles tinham a determinação de terminar a obra antes do prazo estipulado.

A determinação (singular) é a chave para o aprendizado de longo prazo.

Finally, watch out for 'false friend' vibes in scientific contexts. In English, we might say 'the determination of the results.' In Portuguese, while determinação works, experts often use apuramento or análise depending on the specific field. However, determinação is perfectly acceptable in chemistry and lab settings.

To truly master Portuguese, you need to know when to use determinação and when a synonym might be more appropriate. Each alternative carries a slightly different 'flavor' or register, and choosing the right one can make you sound like a native speaker.

Garra
This is a very common Brazilian term. It literally means 'claws' or 'grip.' It's used to describe someone with intense determination, especially in sports or survival. 'Ele jogou com muita garra' is more passionate than using 'determinação.'

A equipe mostrou muita garra ao virar o placar no segundo tempo.

Persistência (Persistence) is another close relative. While determinação is the internal state of being resolved, persistência is the action of continuing despite failure. You have determination, which leads you to show persistence. They are often used together but are not identical.

A tenacidade das raízes permitiu que a árvore sobrevivesse à tempestade.

In a formal or legal setting, you might use resolução (resolution) or deliberação (deliberation/decision). Resolução is common in business meetings ('A resolução da diretoria foi unânime'). Deliberação implies a process of thinking before the determination is made.

Firmeza
This means 'firmness.' It is often used to describe someone's character or the way they speak. 'Ele falou com firmeza' implies he was determined and sure of himself. It's less about a long-term goal and more about the immediate presence.

Ela manteve a firmeza de suas convicções, mesmo sob pressão externa.

O estagiário entrou na empresa com sangue nos olhos para aprender tudo rápido.

Lastly, obstinação (obstinacy) is the 'dark side' of determination. It is usually negative, suggesting that someone is being stubborn or refusing to change their mind even when they are wrong. If you want to praise someone, use determinação; if you want to criticize their refusal to listen, use obstinação.

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レベル別の例文

1

Ela tem muita determinação.

She has a lot of determination.

Uses 'muita' (feminine) to match 'determinação'.

2

Eu estudo com determinação.

I study with determination.

The phrase 'com determinação' acts as an adverb.

3

A determinação é importante.

Determination is important.

Standard 'A + noun + é + adjective' structure.

4

O atleta mostra determinação.

The athlete shows determination.

Verb 'mostrar' is commonly used with this noun.

5

Sem determinação, não há sucesso.

Without determination, there is no success.

Uses 'sem' to show the absence of the quality.

6

Você precisa de determinação.

You need determination.

The verb 'precisar' requires the preposition 'de'.

7

Sua determinação é grande.

Your determination is great.

Possessive 'sua' matches the feminine noun.

8

Muita determinação para vencer!

A lot of determination to win!

Common motivational exclamation.

1

A determinação dele ajudou no trabalho.

His determination helped at work.

Noun as the subject of the sentence.

2

Eles trabalham com muita determinação.

They work with a lot of determination.

Plural subject 'Eles' with the singular quality.

3

É preciso ter determinação para aprender.

It is necessary to have determination to learn.

Impersonal 'É preciso' construction.

4

A determinação é a chave do sucesso.

Determination is the key to success.

Metaphorical use of 'chave'.

5

Ela agiu com determinação e foco.

She acted with determination and focus.

Pairing determination with 'foco'.

6

Não perca a sua determinação agora.

Don't lose your determination now.

Negative imperative 'não perca'.

7

A determinação de Maria é um exemplo.

Maria's determination is an example.

Possessive 'de' linking person and trait.

8

O professor elogiou minha determinação.

The teacher praised my determination.

Direct object of the verb 'elogiar'.

1

A determinação do governo foi criticada.

The government's mandate was criticized.

Here, 'determinação' means an official order/rule.

2

Ele enfrentou os problemas com determinação.

He faced the problems with determination.

Verb 'enfrentar' (to face/confront).

3

Sua determinação em vencer é admirável.

His determination to win is admirable.

Preposition 'em' before an infinitive is common here.

4

A determinação das metas será amanhã.

The determination of the goals will be tomorrow.

Meaning 'setting' or 'defining' goals.

5

Ela tem uma determinação inabalável.

She has an unshakable determination.

Adjective 'inabalável' (unshakable).

6

Com determinação, superamos qualquer obstáculo.

With determination, we overcome any obstacle.

First-person plural 'superamos'.

7

A determinação do juiz foi cumprida.

The judge's order was carried out.

Legal context: 'cumprir uma determinação'.

8

Falta determinação para terminar o curso.

Determination is lacking to finish the course.

Verb 'faltar' (to lack/be missing).

1

A determinação do preço depende da demanda.

The determination of the price depends on demand.

Economic context: price determination.

2

Mostrou determinação ao assumir o cargo.

He showed determination upon taking office.

Temporal 'ao + infinitive' construction.

3

A determinação genética é um tema complexo.

Genetic determination is a complex theme.

Scientific context: biological determination.

4

Houve uma determinação para reduzir gastos.

There was a mandate to reduce spending.

Existential 'Houve' (There was).

5

Sua determinação ferrenha assustou os rivais.

His fierce determination scared the rivals.

Adjective 'ferrenha' (fierce/steely).

6

A autodeterminação dos povos é um direito.

The self-determination of peoples is a right.

Compound word 'autodeterminação'.

7

A determinação dos fatos levou tempo.

The determination of the facts took time.

Meaning 'investigating' or 'establishing' facts.

8

Agir com determinação é vital na crise.

Acting with determination is vital in a crisis.

Infinitive 'Agir' as the subject.

1

A determinação do ser humano é ilimitada.

Human determination is limitless.

Philosophical/Generalizing tone.

2

A determinação de limites é necessária.

The setting of boundaries is necessary.

Abstract use of 'boundaries'.

3

Pela determinação das leis, ele foi preso.

By the mandate of the laws, he was arrested.

Prepositional phrase 'Pela determinação das'.

4

A determinação laboratorial confirmou o vírus.

The laboratory determination confirmed the virus.

Technical/Medical terminology.

5

Sua determinação beirava a obstinação.

His determination bordered on obstinacy.

Nuanced comparison between positive and negative traits.

6

A determinação de um novo rumo foi vital.

Setting a new course was vital.

Metaphorical 'rumo' (course/direction).

7

Carece de determinação para tal empreitada.

He lacks the determination for such an undertaking.

Formal verb 'carecer' (to lack).

8

A determinação do quociente foi exata.

The determination of the quotient was exact.

Mathematical context.

1

A determinação teleológica da história é debatida.

The teleological determination of history is debated.

High-level philosophical vocabulary.

2

Houve estrita determinação das competências.

There was a strict determination of competencies.

Administrative/Legal precision.

3

A determinação do justo valor é subjetiva.

The determination of fair value is subjective.

Ethical/Economic discourse.

4

Sob a determinação do destino, ele partiu.

Under the determination of fate, he departed.

Literary/Poetic personification of fate.

5

A determinação das causas exige rigor.

The determination of causes requires rigor.

Epistemological context.

6

Sua determinação não conhece fronteiras.

His determination knows no borders.

Hyperbolic expression of strength.

7

A determinação prévia dos riscos é crucial.

Prior determination of risks is crucial.

Risk management terminology.

8

A determinação do sentido textual é polissêmica.

The determination of textual meaning is polysemic.

Linguistic/Literary theory.

よく使う組み合わせ

ter determinação
com determinação
mostrar determinação
determinação de ferro
determinação judicial
falta de determinação
grande determinação
determinação de preços
por determinação de
determinação inabalável

よく使うフレーズ

Foco e determinação

— A common motivational pairing emphasizing both concentration and resolve. It is used as a mantra for success.

Mantenha o foco e a determinação.

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