Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use -(으)면 to express 'if' or 'when' by attaching it to the verb or adjective stem.
- If the stem ends in a vowel or 'ㄹ', use -면: 가다 → 가면 (If you go).
- If the stem ends in a consonant (except 'ㄹ'), use -으면: 먹다 → 먹으면 (If you eat).
- For past tense, add -았/었으면 to the stem: 먹었으면 (If you had eaten).
Overview
-(으)면 (romanized as *-(eu)myeon*), serve as a crucial grammatical structure for linking a preceding condition or circumstance to a subsequent result or action. This ending translates broadly to if, when, or once in English, depending on the specific context. Unlike English, where conditional clauses often initiate a sentence, Korean places -(으)면 directly after the verb or adjective stem of the conditional clause, forming a tightly bound unit.[Clause A]-(으)면 [Clause B] effectively means If/When [Clause A] occurs/is true, then [Clause B] will happen/is true.
-(으)면 is to establish a dependent relationship between two clauses. The action or state described in the second clause (Clause B) is contingent upon the fulfillment or existence of the action or state described in the first clause (Clause A). This dependency is fundamental to expressing causality, hypothetical scenarios, future plans, and general truths in Korean.-(으)면 allows you to move beyond simple declarative sentences, enabling nuanced expressions of potentiality and consequence, which are indispensable in everyday communication.How This Grammar Works
-(으)면 functions as a conditional conjunction, binding two sentences together. The first clause, ending in -(으)면, expresses the condition, while the second clause expresses the outcome. This outcome can be a statement, a question, a command, or a suggestion.-(으)면 lies in its ability to cover a wide semantic range, often implying both if (uncertainty) and when (certainty) simultaneously.비가 오면 집에 있을 거예요 (*biga omyeon jibe isseul geoyeyo*). Here, 비가 오면 (if/when it rains) is the condition, and 집에 있을 거예요 (I will stay home) is the consequence. The -(으)면 ending itself does not specify the certainty of the condition; rather, the context and often the tense or mood of the subsequent clause provide this clarification.아침이 되면 (*achimi doemyeon*) typically means When morning comes, because morning is a certainty, not a mere possibility. Conversely, 복권에 당첨되면 (*bokkwone dangcheomdoemyeon*) means If I win the lottery,conveying the inherent uncertainty of such an event.
-(으)면 clause typically remains in the present tense, even when referring to future conditions. The future tense or past tense is usually expressed in the main clause. For example, to say If I go to Korea next year, I will visit Seoul,you would say
내년에 한국에 가면 서울에 갈 거예요 (*naenyeone hanguge gamyeon seoure gal geoyeyo*), using 가면 (present tense conditional) not 갈 거면.시간이 있으면 영화를 볼까요?(*sigani isseumyeon yeonghwareul bolkkayo?*) – If you have time, shall we watch a movie? (Expressing a future possibility/suggestion).물을 끓이면 수증기가 돼요.(*mureul kkeurimyeon sujeungiga dwaeyo.*) – If you boil water, it turns into steam. (Expressing a general truth/scientific fact).졸리면 자야 해요.(*jollimyeon jaya haeyo.*) – When/If you are sleepy, you should sleep. (Expressing a general recommendation).
Formation Pattern
-(으)면 is straightforward, primarily depending on whether the verb or adjective stem ends in a vowel or a consonant (batchim).
-면.
가다 (to go) | 가면 | 가면 전화하겠습니다. | 가면 전화할게. | If/When I go... |
오다 (to come) | 오면 | 오면 알려주십시오. | 오면 알려줘. | If/When you come... |
크다 (to be big) | 크면 | 키가 크면 좋겠습니다. | 키가 크면 좋겠어. | If it's big... |
-으면.
먹다 (to eat) | 먹으면 | 배고프면 먹읍시다. | 배고프면 먹어. | If/When you're hungry, eat... |
읽다 (to read) | 읽으면 | 이 책을 읽으면 이해할 것입니다. | 이 책을 읽으면 이해할 거야. | If/When you read this book... |
있다 (to be/have) | 있으면 | 돈이 있으면 사세요. | 돈이 있으면 사. | If/When you have money, buy... |
ㄹ Irregular Verbs/Adjectives:
ㄹ (e.g., 살다, 만들다), the ㄹ is typically dropped, and -면 is attached, treating it as if it were a vowel-ending stem. This is because ㄹ is a liquid consonant that behaves uniquely in certain conjugations.
살다 (to live) | 살면 | 서울에 살면 편합니다. | 서울에 살면 편해. | If/When you live in Seoul... |
만들다 (to make) | 만들면 | 시간이 있으면 만들겠습니다. | 시간이 있으면 만들게. | If/When I have time, I'll make... |
알다 (to know) | 알면 | 문제를 알면 알려주세요. | 문제를 알면 알려줘. | If/When you know the answer, tell me... |
-(으)면. These are consistent with how these irregulars behave with other vowel-initial endings.
ㅂ Irregular: Stems ending in ㅂ (e.g., 춥다, 돕다) change ㅂ to 우 before -(으)면.
춥다 (to be cold) | 추우 | 추우면 | 추우면 옷을 입으세요. | 추우면 옷 입어. | If it's cold, wear clothes... |
돕다 (to help) | 도우 | 도우면 | 도우면 감사하겠습니다. | 도우면 고마워. | If you help, I'd be grateful... |
ㄷ Irregular: Stems ending in ㄷ (e.g., 듣다, 걷다) change ㄷ to ㄹ before -(으)면.
듣다 (to listen) | 들 | 들으면 | 잘 들으면 이해할 수 있습니다. | 잘 들으면 이해할 수 있어. | If you listen carefully, you can understand... |
걷다 (to walk) | 걸 | 걸으면 | 매일 걸으면 건강에 좋습니다. | 매일 걸으면 건강에 좋아. | If you walk every day, it's good for health... |
ㅅ Irregular: Stems ending in ㅅ (e.g., 낫다, 짓다) drop ㅅ before -(으)면.
낫다 (to recover) | 나 | 나으면 | 감기가 나으면 놀러 갑시다. | 감기가 나으면 놀러 가자. | If you recover from a cold, let's go out... |
짓다 (to build) | 지 | 지으면 | 집을 지으면 부자될 거예요. | 집을 지으면 부자될 거야. | If you build a house, you'll become rich... |
ㅎ Irregular: Adjectives ending in ㅎ (e.g., 빨갛다, 까맣다) drop ㅎ and the preceding vowel changes before -(으)면. For 하얗다 (to be white), it becomes 하얗면 or often 하야면. However, for other ㅎ irregulars like 빨갛다, the ㅎ is dropped and 면 is attached, with the preceding vowel often assimilating to ㅐ or ㅔ for certain endings, but for -(으)면 specifically, it usually retains the simple ㅏ or ㅓ and attaches 면. For example, 빨갛다 -> 빨갛면 (though 빨개지면 using 아/어지다 is more common). Generally, if the ㅎ irregular is followed by a vowel, the ㅎ drops. For -(으)면, it's simpler: 빨갛면 (*ppalgamyeon*), 노랗면 (*noramyeon*).
빨갛다 (to be red) | 빨갛면 | 빨갛면 예쁩니다. | 빨갛면 예뻐. | If it's red, it's pretty... |
하얗다 (to be white) | 하얗면 | 하얗면 깨끗해 보여요. | 하얗면 깨끗해 보여. | If it's white, it looks clean... |
-(으)면 is used with nouns, it signifies if it is [noun]or
if [noun] is the case.This requires the copula
이다 (to be). The pattern is (이)라면 (*(i)ramyeon*).
-라면.
학생 (*haksaeng*, student) + 이라면 → 학생이라면 (*haksaengiramyeon*) – If you are a student...
-이라면.
의사 (*uisa*, doctor) + 라면 → 의사라면 (*uisaramyeon*) – If you are a doctor...
학생이라면 할인을 받을 수 있습니다. (*haksaengiramyeon harineul badeul su isseumnida*) – If you are a student, you can get a discount.
When To Use It
-(으)면 is incredibly versatile and appears in a wide array of contexts, from expressing general truths to offering suggestions. Its usage can be categorized into several key areas:-(으)면 is the appropriate choice. It sets up a constant relationship where the condition always leads to the stated outcome.겨울이 오면 눈이 내려요.(*gyeouri omyeon nuni naeryeoyo.*) – When winter comes, it snows. (A natural, recurring event).버튼을 누르면 작동합니다.(*beoteuneul nureumyeon jakdonghamnida.*) – If/When you press the button, it operates. (A general function/instruction).피곤하면 커피를 마셔요.(*pigonhamyeon keopireul masyeoyo.*) – If/When I'm tired, I drink coffee. (A habitual action).
-(으)면 introduces a potential future scenario. The main clause often contains future tense markers (-(으)ㄹ 거예요, -(으)ㄹ게요) or expresses intentions, commands, or suggestions.내일 날씨가 좋으면 소풍 갈 거예요.(*naeil nalssiga joeumyeon sopung gal geoyeyo.*) – If the weather is good tomorrow, I will go on a picnic. (A plan contingent on weather).시험에 합격하면 파티를 할 거예요.(*sihome hapgyeokhamyeon patireul hal geoyeyo.*) – If I pass the exam, I will have a party. (A future possibility leading to a plan).궁금한 점이 있으시면 언제든지 물어보세요.(*gunggeumhan jeomi isseusimyeon eonjedeunji mureoboseyo.*) – If you have any questions, please ask anytime. (A polite offer/invitation).
았/었으면):-(으)면 primarily uses the present tense in its clause, when expressing a wish, regret, or a hypothetical situation that is contrary to fact, it combines with the past tense auxiliary 았/었 to form 았/었으면 (*at/eosseumyeon*). This structure translates to if only... or I wish... for unrealized past events, and if [hypothetical past/present]...for scenarios that are not currently true.
돈이 많았으면 좋겠어요.(*doni manasseumyeon jokgesseoyo.*) – If only I had a lot of money / I wish I had a lot of money. (Expressing a desire or counterfactual present).그때 말했으면 좋았을 텐데.(*geuttae malhaesseumyeon joasseul tende.*) – If I had said it then, it would have been good. (Expressing regret about a past, unrealized action).주말에 비가 안 왔으면 등산 갈 텐데.(*jumare biga an wasseumyeon deungsan gal tende.*) – If it hadn't rained on the weekend, I would have gone hiking. (Counterfactual past leading to a hypothetical outcome).
-(으)면 frequently precedes clauses expressing imperatives, proposals, or requests. This setup makes the command or suggestion conditional, softer, and more polite.피곤하면 쉬세요.(*pigonhamyeon swiseyo.*) – If you are tired, please rest. (A polite command).배고프면 라면 끓여 먹자.(*baegopeumyeon ramyeon kkeuryeo meokja.*) – If you're hungry, let's cook and eat ramen. (A suggestion).더 필요한 게 있으면 말씀해주세요.(*deo piryohan ge isseumyeon malsseumhaejuseyo.*) – If there's anything else you need, please tell me. (A polite request).
When (with a Prerequisite):-(으)ㄹ 때 is the primary ending for when (referring to a specific time), -(으)면 can also imply when in contexts where the first clause acts as a prerequisite for the second. It often carries a sense of once [condition] is met, then [action].
대학교를 졸업하면 취직할 거예요.(*daehakgyoreul joreophamyeon chwijikhal geoyeyo.*) – When/Once I graduate from university, I will get a job. (Graduation is a prerequisite for getting a job).준비가 다 되면 출발합시다.(*junbiga da doemyeon chulbalhapsida.*) – When/Once preparations are complete, let's depart. (Completion of prep is a condition for departure).
Common Mistakes
-(으)면 can significantly improve your accuracy and fluency. These errors often arise from direct translation or confusion with similar-looking grammatical patterns.-(으)면 with -(으)니까 (Because/Since):-(으)면 establishes a condition for an outcome, whereas -(으)니까 states a reason or cause for an existing or immediately preceding event.- Incorrect:
비가 오니까 우산 가져가세요.(If it rains, take an umbrella.) - This sounds like you're saying "Because it's raining, take an umbrella," which implies it's *already* raining. If it's a future possibility,-(으)면is required. - Correct:
비가 오면 우산 가져가세요.(*biga omyeon usan gajyeogaseyo.*) – If it rains, take an umbrella. (Future condition). - Correct (for cause):
비가 오니까 우산을 쓰고 가세요.(*biga onikka usaneul sseugo gaseyo.*) – Because it's raining, go with an umbrella. (Reason for present action).
-(으)니까 is for situations where the first clause is a *given fact* causing the second. -(으)면 is for *potential scenarios* that would lead to the second clause.만약 (*manyak*) (If/Supposing):만약 means if or supposing, it is often omitted in conversational Korean, as -(으)면 already conveys the conditional meaning. Using 만약 in every conditional sentence can sound overly formal or even a bit unnatural, as if you're emphasizing a highly improbable or critical condition.- Natural:
시간이 있으면 만나요.(*sigani isseumyeon mannayo.*) – If you have time, let's meet. - Less Natural (but grammatically correct):
만약 시간이 있으면 만나요.– If (supposing) you have time, let's meet. (Sounds a bit like you're stressing the uncertainty of their free time).
만약 when you truly want to highlight the hypothetical nature or uncertainty, or in more formal writing.-(으)면 Clause:-(으)면 clause almost exclusively uses the present tense (verb/adjective stem + -(으)면), even if the condition refers to the future. Avoid putting future or past tense markers directly on the -(으)면 clause, unless you are using the specific 았/었으면 structure for wishes/counterfactuals.- Incorrect:
내일 갈 거면 전화해.(If I will go tomorrow, call me.) - Correct:
내일 가면 전화해.(*naeil gamyeon jeonhwahae.*) – If I go tomorrow, call me.
ㄹ Irregular Rules:으 to ㄹ ending stems, creating forms like 살으면 or 만들으면.- Incorrect:
서울에 살으면 편해요. - Correct:
서울에 살면 편해요.(*seoure salmyeon peonhaeyo.*) – If you live in Seoul, it's convenient.
ㄹ-ending stems, ㄹ drops, and -면 is directly attached.-(으)ㄹ 때 (When):-(으)면 can mean when, -(으)ㄹ 때 specifically denotes a time period or moment when something happens, without necessarily implying a condition. It assumes the event will occur or has occurred.한국에 가면 김치를 많이 먹을 거예요.(*hanguge gamyeon gimchireul mani meogeul geoyeyo.*) – If/When I go to Korea, I will eat a lot of kimchi. (Going to Korea is a condition, may or may not happen).한국에 갈 때 김치를 많이 먹었어요.(*hanguge gal ttae gimchireul mani meogeosseoyo.*) – When I went to Korea, I ate a lot of kimchi. (You definitely went; it's a specific past time).
-(으)ㄹ 때 is more precise. If it's a contingent event, -(으)면 is used.
Real Conversations
-(으)면 is ubiquitous in spoken and written Korean, appearing in casual chats, online interactions, and formal communications. Observing its usage in modern contexts reveals its practical applications.
1. Daily Planning and Discussions:
In everyday conversations, -(으)면 is essential for making plans, suggesting activities, or discussing potential outcomes based on conditions.
- Friend A: 주말에 비 오면 뭐 할 거야? (*jumare bi omyeon mwo hal geoya?*) – If it rains this weekend, what will you do?
- Friend B: 비 오면 집에서 영화 볼까 해. (*bi omyeon jibeseo yeonghwa bolkka hae.*) – If it rains, I'm thinking of watching a movie at home.
2. Online Interactions (Texting, Social Media, Apps):
Online, -(으)면 is frequently used for notifications, instructions, or promotional messages.
- Messaging App: 도착하면 연락 주세요! (*dochakhamyeon yeollak juseyo!*) – When you arrive, please contact me!
- Social Media Post: 이 게시물을 공유하면 추첨을 통해 선물 증정! (*i gesimureul gongyuyamyeon chuchomeul tonghae seonmul jeungjeong!*) – If you share this post, we'll give a gift through a lottery!
- Delivery App: 리뷰 남기시면 음료수 서비스 드려요. (*ribyu namgisimyeon eumryosu seobiseu deuryeoyo.*) – If you leave a review, we'll give you a free drink.
3. Work and Formal Settings:
In professional environments, -(으)면 contributes to polite requests, offers of assistance, or setting conditions for tasks.
- Email: 자료를 검토하신 후 의견이 있으시면 회신 부탁드립니다. (*jaryoreul geomtohasi hu ugyeoni isseusimyeon hoesin butakdeurimnida.*) – After reviewing the materials, if you have any opinions, please reply.
- Meeting: 문제가 발생하면 즉시 보고해주세요. (*munjega balsaenghamyeon jeuksi bogohaejuseyo.*) – If a problem occurs, please report it immediately.
4. Cultural Insight: 안 되면 as a Soft Refusal/Difficulty:
The phrase 안 되면 (*an doemyeon*), meaning "if it doesn't work out or if it's not possible," is a common and culturally nuanced expression. It often functions as a polite way to convey difficulty or a gentle refusal without being direct.
- 혹시 안 되면 다음에 다시 시도해봐요. (*hoksi an doemyeon daeume dasi sidohaebwayo.*) – If it doesn't work out (this time), try again next time.
- 그것은 좀 어려울 것 같아요. 안 되면 다른 방법을 찾아봅시다. (*geugeoseun jom eoryeoul geot gatayo. an doemyeon dareun bangbeobeul chajabopsida.*) – That seems a bit difficult. If it's not possible, let's find another way.
This phrase highlights the Korean preference for indirect communication, especially when delivering potentially negative news or discussing obstacles.
Quick FAQ
-(으)면 with 싶다 (to want to)?Yes, absolutely. This is a very common and natural construction to express a conditional desire or intention. It allows you to say
If you want to do X, then Y.
돕고 싶으면 언제든지 말해주세요.(*dopgo sipeumyeon eonjedeunji malhaejuseyo.*) – If you want to help, please tell me anytime.한국어를 배우고 싶으면 열심히 공부해야 해요.(*hangugeoreul baeugo sipeumyeon yeolsimhi gongbuhaeya haeyo.*) – If you want to learn Korean, you have to study hard.
가면 and 간다면?Both 가면 (*gamyeon*) and 간다면 (*gandamyeon*) relate to the condition of going, but 간다면 (using the structure -(느)ㄴ다면 for verbs, -(이)라면 for nouns/adjectives) adds a layer of hypotheticality, indirectness, or assumption. -(으)면 is a more general conditional.
가면 연락할게.(*gamyeon yeollakalge.*) – If/When I go, I'll contact you. (Standard, direct condition).간다면 나도 갈게.(*gandamyeon nado galge.*) – If (you say/assume) you're going, I'll go too. (More emphasis on the hypothetical nature, or perhaps a conditional based on what has been said or implied).
-(느)ㄴ다면 often carries a nuance of if it is said that...or
if one assumes that...making it suitable for more formal or distinctly hypothetical statements.
The most common and polite way to say "If it's okay" is 괜찮으시면 (*gwaenchaneusimyeon*), derived from the adjective 괜찮다 (to be okay) plus the honorific -(으)시- and the conditional -(으)면. This phrase is invaluable for making polite requests or suggestions.
괜찮으시면, 창문 좀 닫아주시겠어요?(*gwaenchaneusimyeon, changmun jom dajusigesseoyo?*) – If it's okay, would you mind closing the window?시간 괜찮으시면 잠시 이야기 좀 할 수 있을까요?(*sigan gwaenchaneusimyeon jamsi iyagi jom hal su isseulkkayo?*) – If your time is okay, could we talk for a moment?
-(으)면 used for unless?-(으)면 itself does not directly translate to unless. To express unless, you typically combine -(으)면 with a negative clause, such as 지 않으면 (*ji aneumyeon*) or 안 -(으)면 (*an -(eu)myeon*), meaning "if (you) don't/won't."
열심히 공부하지 않으면 시험에 떨어질 거예요.(*yeolsimhi gongbuhaji aneumyeon sihome tteoreojil geoyeyo.*) – Unless you study hard (If you don't study hard), you will fail the exam.비가 안 오면 산책 갈까요?(*biga an omyeon sanchak galkkayo?*) – Unless it rains (If it doesn't rain), shall we go for a walk?
-(으)면 end a sentence?In very casual or implied speech, -(으)면 can indeed appear at the end of a sentence, leaving the consequence implied. This often conveys a sense of If only... or a frustrated, unfinished conditional thought. It's similar to trailing off in English.
좀 더 일찍 왔으면...(*jom deo iljjik wasseumyeon...*) – If only I had come a bit earlier... (Implies a regret, e.g.,then things would be better
).돈만 많으면...(*donman manheumyeon...*) – If only I had a lot of money... (Implies something likethen I could buy it
or "then I wouldn't have this problem").
-(으)면, -(으)거든, -(으)ㄹ 때, and -(느)ㄴ다면?-(으)면 | -(으)거든 | -(으)ㄹ 때 | -(느)ㄴ다면 |비가 오면 쉬어요. (If it rains, I rest.) | 집에 가거든 전화해. (When/If you go home, call me.) | 어렸을 때 행복했어요. (When I was young, I was happy.) | 그게 사실이라면 놀랄 거예요. (If that were true, I'd be surprised.) |-(으)면 is the most general conditional. -(으)거든 is specific to future conditions that often precede an imperative or proposal. -(으)ㄹ 때 is purely temporal, marking a specific point or period in time.-(느)ㄴ다면 adds a layer of hypotheticality, often based on assumption or reported speech, and is more formal or literary than -(으)면.Conjugation Table
| Verb/Adj | Stem | Ending | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
|
가다
|
가
|
-면
|
가면
|
|
먹다
|
먹
|
-으면
|
먹으면
|
|
살다
|
살
|
-면
|
살면
|
|
듣다
|
듣
|
-으면
|
듣으면
|
|
예쁘다
|
예쁘
|
-면
|
예쁘면
|
|
작다
|
작
|
-으면
|
작으면
|
Past Tense Conditionals
| Verb | Past Stem | Ending | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
|
가다
|
갔
|
-으면
|
갔으면
|
|
먹다
|
먹었
|
-으면
|
먹었으면
|
Meanings
This grammar expresses a condition or a hypothetical situation. It translates to 'if' or 'when' depending on the context.
Hypothetical Condition
Expressing a condition that might happen in the future.
“시간이 있으면 영화를 봐요.”
“돈이 많으면 사고 싶어요.”
Time/Occasion
Expressing 'when' something happens as a matter of routine.
“봄이 오면 꽃이 피어요.”
“저녁을 먹으면 배가 불러요.”
Reference Table
| 動詞・形容詞 | 語幹のタイプ | 条件の形 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
가다 (行く)
|
パッチムなし
|
가면
|
行けば / 行くとき
|
|
먹다 (食べる)
|
パッチムあり
|
먹으면
|
食べれば / 食べるとき
|
|
살다 (住む)
|
ㄹパッチム
|
살면
|
住めば / 住むとき
|
|
춥다 (寒い)
|
ㅂ変則
|
추우면
|
寒ければ
|
|
듣다 (聞く)
|
ㄷ変則
|
들으면
|
聞けば / 聞くとき
|
|
학생 (学生)
|
名詞
|
학생이면
|
学生なら
|
|
있다 (ある・いる)
|
パッチムあり
|
있으면
|
あれば / いれば
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
시간이 있으시면 만나시죠. (Meeting friends)
시간이 있으면 만나요. (Meeting friends)
시간 있으면 만나자. (Meeting friends)
시간 되면 봐. (Meeting friends)
-(으)면 の使い方
未来の条件
- 가면 行けば / 行くとき
- 오면 来れば / 来るとき
一般的な真理
- 누르면 押すと
- 끓으면 沸くと
-(으)면 と -으니까 の使い分け
活用のルール
語幹にパッチムはありますか？
「ㄹ」パッチムですか？
変則的な条件形
ㅂ 変則
- • 춥다 → 추우면
- • 덥다 → 더우면
ㄷ 変則
- • 듣다 → 들으면
- • 걷다 → 걸으면
レベル別の例文
가면 좋아요.
It is good if you go.
먹으면 맛있어요.
It is delicious if you eat it.
자면 피곤해요.
If you sleep, you are tired.
보면 알아요.
If you see it, you will know.
비가 오면 우산을 써요.
If it rains, use an umbrella.
시간이 있으면 전화하세요.
If you have time, please call.
공부하면 똑똑해져요.
If you study, you become smart.
돈이 없으면 안 돼요.
If you don't have money, it won't work.
더 빨리 달렸으면 이겼을 텐데.
If I had run faster, I would have won.
한국어를 배우면 취업에 도움이 돼요.
If you learn Korean, it helps with employment.
내일 날씨가 좋으면 소풍을 갈까 해요.
If the weather is good tomorrow, I'm thinking of going on a picnic.
그렇게 하면 문제가 생길 수도 있어요.
If you do it like that, problems might arise.
정부가 정책을 바꾸면 경제가 나아질 것입니다.
If the government changes the policy, the economy will improve.
그가 진실을 말했으면 상황이 달라졌을 것이다.
If he had told the truth, the situation would have been different.
어떤 선택을 하든 후회하지 않으면 됩니다.
Whatever choice you make, it is fine as long as you don't regret it.
이론적으로는 가능하지만 실제로 하면 어렵습니다.
It is theoretically possible, but if you actually do it, it is difficult.
만약 내일 지구가 멸망한다면 무엇을 하겠습니까?
If the world were to end tomorrow, what would you do?
그녀가 제안을 수락했으면 우리는 지금 다른 곳에 있었을 것입니다.
Had she accepted the proposal, we would be elsewhere now.
성공하려면 끊임없이 노력해야 합니다.
If one is to succeed, one must strive constantly.
그 사실을 알았으면 미리 말해줬어야지.
If you had known that fact, you should have told me in advance.
설령 그가 모든 것을 포기하려 했더라도, 우리가 도왔으면 결과는 달랐을 것이다.
Even if he had intended to give up everything, had we helped, the outcome would have been different.
역사를 되돌아보면, 인간은 항상 같은 실수를 반복해왔음을 알 수 있다.
If one looks back at history, one can see that humans have always repeated the same mistakes.
그가 아무리 뛰어난 재능을 가졌으면 무엇하겠는가, 인성이 부족한데.
What good is it if he possesses great talent, if his character is lacking?
만약 당신이 그 상황에 처했으면 어떻게 대처했겠습니까?
If you had been in that situation, how would you have handled it?
間違えやすい
Both mean 'if'.
よくある間違い
가다면
가면
먹면
먹으면
학생면
학생이면
오면은
오면
했으면
했으면
예쁘면
예쁘면
듣면
들으면
가고 싶으면
가고 싶으면
비가 오면은
비가 오면
먹었으면 좋겠다
먹었으면 좋겠다
한다면은
한다면
했었으면
했었으면
알면은
알면
文型パターン
___(으)면 ___(으)ㄹ 거예요.
Real World Usage
시간 되면 연락해.
「とき」か「もし」か？
過去の話には使えません
丁寧にお願いするコツ
Smart Tips
Don't add -은 to -면.
発音
Linking
The consonant at the end of the stem moves to the next syllable.
Rising
가면? (If you go?)
Questioning the condition.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of '면' as 'men' (the people). If the 'men' are there, the condition is met.
視覚的連想
Imagine a fork in the road. One path has a sign saying '면' (If). You must choose the path to reach your destination.
Rhyme
If you want to say 'if', just add '면' to the cliff.
Story
Min-su wanted to eat cake. He knew that if he finished his homework, his mom would give him cake. He said, '숙제를 하면 케이크를 먹어요.' He finished it, and he got the cake.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write 5 sentences using -(으)면 about your plans for tomorrow.
文化メモ
Conditional sentences are often used to make polite requests.
Derived from the verb '말다' (to stop) combined with conditional markers.
会話のきっかけ
내일 날씨가 좋으면 뭐 할 거예요?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
Score: /3
練習問題
1 exercises비가 ___ 집에 가요.
Score: /1
Practice Bank
10 exercises날씨가 추우____ 코트를 입으세요.
학생____ 더 싸요.
ソウルに行けば...
음악을 듣으면 기분이 좋아요.
돈이 / 사고 / 싶어요 / 있으면 / 집을
正しい組み合わせを選んでください：
모르____ 물어보세요.
봄이 오면...
집을 짓으면 힘들어요.
プレゼントなら...
Score: /10
よくある質問 (1)
Yes, use -이면.
Scaffolded Practice
1
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
si
Korean uses suffixes; Spanish uses a separate word.
si
Korean attaches to the verb.
wenn
German is a conjunction; Korean is a suffix.
ba
Japanese has multiple conditional forms (tara, ba, nara).
idha
Arabic is a particle.
ruguo
Korean is a suffix.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
関連動画
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