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A2 noun 11分で読める

particularidade

例文
解説 particularidade in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'particularidade' as a fancy way to say 'something special' or 'a specific detail'. While you might not use this word every day as a beginner, you will see it in books and on signs. Imagine you have a dog. Most dogs have four legs (that's a general thing). But maybe your dog has one blue eye and one brown eye. That blue eye is a 'particularidade'. It is the special thing that makes your dog different from other dogs. You use this word when you want to talk about one specific part of something. For example, 'A particularidade desta casa é a cor azul' (The special thing about this house is the blue color). It is a feminine word, so we always use 'a' or 'uma' before it. Even if the word looks long and difficult, it is just a name for a 'specific feature'. You can use it to describe your friends, your city, or your favorite food. Just remember: it's about the small things that make something unique.
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As an A2 learner, you are starting to move beyond very simple words. 'Particularidade' is a great word to add to your vocabulary because it helps you describe things more accurately. Instead of just saying 'Esta cidade é diferente' (This city is different), you can say 'Esta cidade tem uma particularidade: as ruas são muito estreitas' (This city has a particularity: the streets are very narrow). This makes your Portuguese sound much more advanced. You will hear this word when people talk about their hobbies, their jobs, or their travels. It is often used with the word 'de' (of). For example, 'as particularidades do clima' (the specifics of the climate) or 'uma particularidade do meu carro' (a feature of my car). When you use this word, you are showing that you are paying attention to details. It is a very common word in Portuguese culture because people love to discuss the unique details of their regions, food, and traditions. Try using it when you describe your hometown to someone!
At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'particularidade' in both speaking and writing to add nuance to your descriptions. This word is essential for discussing topics like culture, technology, and personal habits. It allows you to distinguish between general characteristics and specific traits. For instance, in a discussion about environmental issues, you might mention the 'particularidades de cada ecossistema' (the specific features of each ecosystem). In your professional life, you might use it to describe the 'particularidades de um projeto' (the specifics of a project). Grammatically, you should be comfortable using it in the plural ('particularidades') and pairing it with various adjectives like 'importante', 'interessante', or 'técnica'. You should also start to recognize it in more formal contexts, such as in news articles or official documents, where it is used to denote specific conditions or clauses. It is a word that helps you organize your thoughts and present information in a more structured and detailed way.
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For B2 learners, 'particularidade' is a key term for achieving a higher level of precision and formality. You should understand that while 'característica' is a synonym, 'particularidade' often carries a connotation of uniqueness or a specific focus that 'característica' lacks. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'Dadas as particularidades da situação, decidimos agir com cautela' (Given the specifics of the situation, we decided to act with caution). This level of usage shows a command of 'conjunctions' and 'prepositional phrases'. You should also be aware of how 'particularidade' is used in different domains, such as legal (particularidades contratuais), scientific (particularidades biológicas), and artistic (particularidades estilísticas). At this stage, you should also be able to distinguish 'particularidade' from 'peculiaridade' and 'singularidade', choosing the most appropriate term based on the degree of uniqueness or 'oddness' you wish to convey. Your ability to use this word correctly in debates and presentations will significantly enhance your perceived fluency.
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At the C1 level, your use of 'particularidade' should be effortless and contextually perfect. You should be able to use it to discuss abstract concepts and philosophical ideas. For example, you might analyze the 'particularidade da condição humana' or the 'particularidade ontológica de um objeto'. You should also be familiar with its use in idiomatic or semi-idiomatic expressions and how it functions in high-level academic and professional discourse. You should be able to use the word to navigate subtle distinctions in meaning, such as the difference between a 'particularidade inerente' (an inherent feature) and a 'particularidade circunstancial' (a circumstantial detail). Furthermore, you should be able to recognize and use the word in varied registers, from highly formal legal texts to sophisticated literary works. Your understanding of the word should include its etymological roots and its relationship to other words in the 'particular' family, allowing you to use it with a deep sense of its historical and linguistic weight. You are now using 'particularidade' not just to describe, but to analyze and categorize the world with precision.
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At the C2 level, 'particularidade' is a tool in your repertoire for masterful communication. You use it with total precision, often in contexts where the distinction between a 'particularity' and a 'generality' is the central point of the argument. You can use it to deconstruct complex systems, identifying the 'particularidades sistémicas' that lead to specific outcomes. In your writing, you use the word to create a specific rhythm and tone, perhaps pairing it with rare adjectives or using it in rhetorical structures. You are fully aware of the word's potential for irony or understatement, and you can use it to highlight the absurd or the profound in equal measure. Whether you are writing a doctoral thesis, a legal brief, or a piece of creative literature, 'particularidade' is a word you deploy with complete control over its connotations and implications. You understand its role in the broader Lusophone world, recognizing how its usage might shift slightly between Lisbon, Luanda, and Brasília, yet always maintaining its core function as a marker of detail and distinction.
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例文

The Portuguese word particularidade is a sophisticated and versatile feminine noun that translates most directly to "particularity," "peculiarity," "characteristic," or "distinctive feature" in English. At its core, it refers to a quality, detail, or trait that belongs uniquely or specifically to a person, thing, group, or situation, distinguishing it from the general norm. While it shares a root with the English word "particular," its usage in Portuguese often feels more natural and frequent in both formal and semi-formal contexts. It is the word you reach for when you want to describe the specific nuances that make something unique without necessarily implying that the trait is strange or weird, though it can sometimes carry that connotation depending on the context.

Formal Context
In legal, academic, or technical writing, particularidade is used to denote specific conditions or exceptions. For instance, a lawyer might discuss the particularidades do caso (specifics of the case) to explain why a general rule might not apply perfectly.

Cada região de Portugal tem a sua própria particularidade gastronómica, refletindo a história e os recursos locais.

In everyday conversation, you might use it to describe a person's quirks. If a friend has a very specific way of making coffee or a unique habit when they are nervous, you could refer to these as particularidades. It is a more polite and precise way of saying "coisa especial" (special thing) or "detalhe único" (unique detail). It allows the speaker to zoom in on the micro-level of a subject, moving away from broad generalizations to focus on the fine-grained details that provide a complete picture.

Cultural Nuance
When discussing culture, this word is essential. It helps describe the "traços distintivos" (distinctive traits) of a community. For example, the particularidade do fado is its focus on saudade.

O arquiteto explicou as particularidades do projeto para garantir que todos entendessem os detalhes técnicos.

Furthermore, the word is often used in the plural, particularidades, when referring to a set of characteristics. If you are learning a new language, you will encounter the particularidades da gramática (the specifics/peculiarities of grammar). This suggests that there isn't just one thing that is different, but a collection of small details that together create the unique identity of the subject. It is a word that invites observation and analysis, encouraging the speaker to look closer at the world around them.

Synonym comparison
While característica is more common and neutral, particularidade emphasizes the uniqueness and the specific nature of the trait. Detalhe is more general, whereas particularidade implies that the detail is a defining feature.

Uma particularidade interessante deste vinho é o seu ligeiro toque de mel no final.

Não podemos ignorar as particularidades locais ao implementar uma lei nacional.

In summary, particularidade is a tool for precision. It allows you to move beyond the surface level and describe the specific elements that give something its character. Whether you are discussing the nuances of a legal case, the unique features of a landscape, or the quirks of a loved one, this word provides the necessary weight and specificity to your descriptions.

Using particularidade correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its typical syntactic pairings. As a feminine noun, it is always preceded by feminine articles (a, uma, as, umas) and modified by feminine adjectives. Because it often refers to a quality belonging to something else, it is frequently followed by the preposition de (of) or do/da (of the).

Noun Phrases
Common constructions include: "A particularidade de [noun]", "Uma particularidade importante", "As particularidades técnicas".

A principal particularidade deste software é a sua interface intuitiva.

When constructing sentences, you can use particularidade to introduce a specific detail after a general statement. This acts as a focusing lens for the listener. For example, if you are describing a house, you might say: "A casa é bonita, mas tem uma particularidade: a cozinha fica no sótão." (The house is beautiful, but it has a peculiarity: the kitchen is in the attic.) Here, the word prepares the listener for something unexpected or specific.

Comparative Usage
You can use the word to compare two things by highlighting their specific differences: "A particularidade desta versão em relação à anterior é a velocidade."

Ele conhece todas as particularidades do mercado imobiliário em Lisboa.

In more advanced usage, particularidade can be the subject of a sentence that discusses abstract concepts. For instance: "A particularidade do ser humano é a sua capacidade de criar arte." (The uniqueness of the human being is their capacity to create art.) This elevates the tone of the sentence, making it sound more philosophical and considered than using a simpler word like "coisa" or "característica".

Verb Pairings
Common verbs used with this word include: apresentar (to present), possuir (to possess), notar (to notice), analisar (to analyze), and explicar (to explain).

O relatório apresenta as particularidades do solo nesta região específica.

Devido a uma particularidade do contrato, não podemos cancelar o serviço agora.

Finally, consider the emotional weight. While often neutral, calling something a particularidade can be a way of acknowledging a flaw or a weird habit without being judgmental. It frames the trait as just another specific detail of the person's identity, which can be very useful in sensitive social situations.

You will encounter particularidade in a variety of real-world settings, ranging from high-brow intellectual discussions to practical everyday interactions. It is a staple of the Portuguese media, professional environments, and educational settings. If you are watching the news in Portugal or Brazil, you will often hear journalists use this word to delve deeper into a story.

In the Media
News anchors might say: "Vamos analisar as particularidades desta nova medida económica." This signals to the audience that they are about to move from the headline to the specific details and implications.

O comentador destacou a particularidade do sistema eleitoral daquele país.

In the workplace, especially in fields like engineering, medicine, or law, particularidade is indispensable. It is used during project meetings to discuss technical specs or during patient consultations to describe specific symptoms. A doctor might say, "Este medicamento tem uma particularidade: deve ser tomado sempre em jejum." (This medicine has a particularity: it must always be taken on an empty stomach.) Here, the word highlights a crucial instruction.

Tourism and Travel
Tour guides use it to make their stories more engaging. "Uma particularidade desta igreja é que ela foi construída inteiramente com pedras do mar." It adds a layer of interest and specificity to the tour.

O guia turístico explicou as particularidades da fauna local durante a caminhada.

In academic settings, professors use it to challenge students to look beyond the general theory. In a literature class, a professor might ask: "Quais são as particularidades do estilo de Fernando Pessoa?" This encourages students to identify the specific literary devices and themes that define the author's work. It is a word that prompts critical thinking and detailed observation.

Daily Life
Even in casual settings, you might hear it when someone is explaining their preferences. "Eu gosto de cozinhar, mas tenho as minhas particularidades; só uso sal marinho."

Cada idioma tem as suas particularidades que o tornam único e desafiador.

Ultimately, particularidade is a word that you will hear whenever someone wants to provide a more nuanced, detailed, or specific explanation of a subject. It is a marker of clear communication and attentive observation.

While particularidade is a useful word, there are several common pitfalls that learners should avoid. These mistakes usually fall into three categories: pronunciation, spelling, and semantic confusion with similar-sounding words.

Spelling Errors
The most common spelling mistake is omitting the "u" after the "c" or mixing up the "i" and "u". Some learners write "particlaridade" or "particualidade". Remember the root word is "particular".

Errado: Esta é uma particlaridade do sistema.
Correto: Esta é uma particularidade do sistema.

Another frequent mistake is confusing particularidade with parcialidade. While they sound somewhat similar, their meanings are entirely different. Parcialidade refers to bias or favoritism (being partial), while particularidade refers to a specific trait or detail. Using one for the other can lead to significant misunderstandings, especially in legal or journalistic contexts.

Pronunciation Pitfalls
English speakers often struggle with the rhythm of this seven-syllable word. The stress is on the penultimate syllable: par-ti-cu-la-ri-DA-de. Ensure you pronounce the "u" clearly (/u/) and don't let it turn into a schwa sound.

Pratique a divisão silábica: par-ti-cu-la-ri-da-de. Repita devagar para dominar a particularidade da sua sonoridade.

Learners also sometimes use particularidade when they really just mean "exceção" (exception). While a particularidade can lead to an exception, they aren't the same. A particularidade is a permanent feature, whereas an exceção is a deviation from a rule. For example, a car having a manual transmission is a particularidade of that model; driving it on the sidewalk is an exceção to the rules of the road.

Overuse vs. Underuse
Some learners use "característica" for everything. While not wrong, it makes your speech sound repetitive. Others use "particularidade" for every tiny detail, which can sound overly formal in casual chat about what you ate for lunch.

Não confunda particularidade com individualidade. A primeira refere-se a traços, a segunda à essência de ser um indivíduo.

By paying attention to these details, you can use particularidade with the confidence of a native speaker, avoiding the common traps that often trip up learners.

To truly master particularidade, it is helpful to understand its relationship with other words in the Portuguese vocabulary. There are several synonyms and related terms that carry slightly different nuances, and knowing when to choose one over the other will refine your communication skills.

Característica
This is the most common alternative. It is neutral and general. Use it for any trait. Particularidade is more specific and emphasizes uniqueness.

Comparação: Ser alto é uma característica. Ter uma cicatriz em forma de lua é uma particularidade.

Another close relative is peculiaridade. In many contexts, these two are interchangeable. However, peculiaridade sometimes carries a stronger sense of something being "odd" or "strange," whereas particularidade remains more technical or descriptive. If you want to highlight that something is weirdly unique, peculiaridade might be the better choice.

Especificidade
This is a more abstract, academic term. It refers to the state of being specific. While particularidade is the trait itself, especificidade is the quality of having that trait.

A particularidade do solo é a sua acidez. A especificidade do estudo é o seu foco em solos ácidos.

In formal documents, you might also see singularidade. This word is even stronger than particularidade; it suggests that the trait is one-of-a-kind, absolutely unique. It is often used in scientific or philosophical contexts to describe something that has no parallel. If particularidade is a "specific feature," singularidade is a "unique singularity."

Traço
Often used for personality or physical appearance (e.g., traços faciais). It is more visual and less technical than particularidade.

Ela tem um traço de timidez, o que é uma particularidade cativante da sua personalidade.

O artista explicou as nuances e particularidades da sua técnica de pintura.

Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the exact word that fits your intended meaning, making your Portuguese more expressive and precise.

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レベル別の例文

1

A particularidade desta maçã é a sua cor.

The special thing about this apple is its color.

Feminine singular: 'a particularidade'.

2

O meu gato tem uma particularidade: ele gosta de água.

My cat has a special thing: he likes water.

Use 'uma' for an indefinite particularity.

3

Qual é a particularidade deste brinquedo?

What is the special feature of this toy?

Interrogative sentence.

4

Esta casa tem muitas particularidades.

This house has many special features.

Plural form: 'particularidades'.

5

A particularidade do meu amigo é o seu riso.

The special thing about my friend is his laugh.

Possessive: 'do meu amigo' (of my friend).

6

Gosto desta particularidade no seu desenho.

I like this special detail in your drawing.

Preposition 'em' + 'esta' = 'desta'.

7

Não vejo nenhuma particularidade aqui.

I don't see any special feature here.

Negative sentence with 'nenhuma'.

8

A principal particularidade do sol é o calor.

The main feature of the sun is the heat.

Adjective 'principal' modifies 'particularidade'.

1

A particularidade da língua portuguesa são os sons nasais.

The peculiarity of the Portuguese language is the nasal sounds.

Noun-adjective agreement: 'sons nasais'.

2

Este prato tem uma particularidade regional.

This dish has a regional peculiarity.

Adjective 'regional' follows the noun.

3

Quero saber as particularidades do novo emprego.

I want to know the specifics of the new job.

Plural noun with 'as'.

4

Uma particularidade de Lisboa são os seus elétricos amarelos.

A peculiarity of Lisbon is its yellow trams.

Subject-verb agreement: 'uma particularidade... são'.

5

Ele explicou a particularidade do motor do carro.

He explained the specific feature of the car's engine.

Direct object of the verb 'explicar'.

6

Existem algumas particularidades que devemos notar.

There are some peculiarities that we should notice.

Use of 'existem' for 'there are'.

7

A particularidade deste hotel é o serviço excelente.

The special feature of this hotel is the excellent service.

Possessive 'deste' (of this).

8

Cada pessoa tem a sua particularidade.

Each person has their own peculiarity.

Possessive 'sua' agreeing with 'particularidade'.

1

Devemos considerar as particularidades culturais de cada país.

We must consider the cultural peculiarities of each country.

Verb 'considerar' followed by a plural noun.

2

A particularidade do projeto reside na sua sustentabilidade.

The specificity of the project lies in its sustainability.

Verb 'residir em' (to lie in/consist of).

3

O guia destacou as particularidades históricas do monumento.

The guide highlighted the historical peculiarities of the monument.

Verb 'destacar' (to highlight).

4

Esta lei tem uma particularidade que poucos conhecem.

This law has a peculiarity that few people know.

Relative clause: 'que poucos conhecem'.

5

As particularidades do terreno dificultam a construção.

The peculiarities of the terrain make construction difficult.

Plural subject with plural verb 'dificultam'.

6

Analisei todas as particularidades do contrato antes de assinar.

I analyzed all the specifics of the contract before signing.

Past tense verb 'analisei'.

7

A maior particularidade deste vinho é o seu aroma floral.

The greatest peculiarity of this wine is its floral aroma.

Superlative 'maior'.

8

Não podemos ignorar as particularidades individuais de cada aluno.

We cannot ignore the individual peculiarities of each student.

Negative construction 'não podemos'.

1

O autor descreve com detalhe as particularidades da vida rural.

The author describes in detail the peculiarities of rural life.

Adverbial phrase 'com detalhe'.

2

A particularidade técnica do software permite maior rapidez.

The technical specificity of the software allows for greater speed.

Technical adjective 'técnica'.

3

Existem certas particularidades que distinguem estas duas espécies.

There are certain peculiarities that distinguish these two species.

Verb 'distinguir' (to distinguish).

4

A particularidade do sistema jurídico português é a sua base romana.

The peculiarity of the Portuguese legal system is its Roman base.

Abstract noun phrase.

5

O médico explicou as particularidades da recuperação pós-operatória.

The doctor explained the specifics of post-operative recovery.

Compound noun 'pós-operatória'.

6

Cada dialeto tem as suas próprias particularidades fonéticas.

Each dialect has its own phonetic peculiarities.

Adjective 'próprias' emphasizing possession.

7

Devido às particularidades do clima, a colheita foi adiada.

Due to the peculiarities of the climate, the harvest was postponed.

Prepositional phrase 'devido a' + 'as' = 'devido às'.

8

A particularidade desta obra de arte é a utilização de materiais reciclados.

The peculiarity of this artwork is the use of recycled materials.

Gerund-like noun 'utilização'.

1

A particularidade do pensamento de Kant reside na sua crítica da razão.

The specificity of Kant's thought lies in his critique of reason.

Academic register.

2

É necessário atentar para as particularidades semânticas deste termo.

It is necessary to pay attention to the semantic peculiarities of this term.

Verb 'atentar para' (to pay attention to).

3

O ensaio aborda as particularidades sociológicas da juventude urbana.

The essay addresses the sociological peculiarities of urban youth.

Verb 'abordar' (to address/approach).

4

A principal particularidade desta teoria é a sua refutabilidade.

The main peculiarity of this theory is its falsifiability.

Scientific terminology.

5

As particularidades do mercado financeiro exigem uma análise rigorosa.

The peculiarities of the financial market require a rigorous analysis.

Plural subject requiring plural verb 'exigem'.

6

O tradutor deve respeitar as particularidades estilísticas do autor original.

The translator must respect the stylistic peculiarities of the original author.

Modal verb 'deve' + infinitive.

7

Uma das particularidades do Barroco é o uso intenso do claro-escuro.

One of the peculiarities of the Baroque is the intense use of chiaroscuro.

Partitive construction 'uma das'.

8

A particularidade inerente ao ser humano é a busca por significado.

The inherent peculiarity of the human being is the search for meaning.

Adjective 'inerente' (inherent).

1

A hermenêutica jurídica debruça-se sobre as particularidades interpretativas da norma.

Legal hermeneutics focuses on the interpretive peculiarities of the norm.

Highly formal/specialized vocabulary.

2

O estudo pormenorizado revela as particularidades ontológicas do fenómeno.

The detailed study reveals the ontological peculiarities of the phenomenon.

Use of 'pormenorizado' (detailed).

3

As particularidades idiossincráticas do realizador marcam toda a sua filmografia.

The idiosyncratic peculiarities of the director mark his entire filmography.

Adjective 'idiossincráticas' (idiosyncratic).

4

A particularidade da estrutura atómica determina as propriedades do elemento.

The specificity of the atomic structure determines the element's properties.

Scientific precision.

5

É imperativo considerar as particularidades geopolíticas da região antes de qualquer intervenção.

It is imperative to consider the geopolitical peculiarities of the region before any intervention.

Impersonal construction 'é imperativo'.

6

A obra reflete as particularidades da consciência pós-moderna.

The work reflects the peculiarities of the postmodern consciousness.

Abstract philosophical concept.

7

As particularidades do léxico arcaico dificultam a leitura do texto original.

The peculiarities of the archaic lexicon make reading the original text difficult.

Specialized linguistic term 'léxico arcaico'.

8

A particularidade da sua retórica reside na subtileza das suas metáforas.

The specificity of his rhetoric lies in the subtlety of his metaphors.

Focus on rhetorical analysis.

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