tüketmek 30秒で
- Tüketmek means to use up or consume resources, energy, or time.
- It implies depletion or exhaustion through use.
- Commonly used for food, electricity, money, patience, and natural resources.
- The opposite of 'üretmek' (to produce).
The Turkish verb 'tüketmek' is a fundamental word that describes the act of using up, exhausting, or consuming something, particularly resources, energy, or time. It implies that something is being depleted or finished through use. This word is incredibly versatile and can be applied to a wide range of situations, from the literal consumption of food and water to the more abstract use of electricity, money, or even patience. Understanding 'tüketmek' is crucial for grasping how everyday actions and broader societal issues related to resource management are discussed in Turkish.
- Literal Consumption
- This is the most straightforward meaning. When you eat food, drink water, or use up a supply of something, you are 'tüketmek' it. For example, 'Yiyecekleri çabucak tükettik' means 'We quickly consumed the food.' This applies to any tangible item that is used and depleted.
- Resource Depletion
- 'Tüketmek' is very commonly used when discussing the depletion of natural resources, energy, or even financial capital. Discussions about sustainability, environmental impact, and economic efficiency often involve this verb. For instance, 'Petrol kaynaklarımızı çok hızlı tüketiyoruz' translates to 'We are consuming our oil resources very quickly.' Similarly, 'Bu proje bütçeyi tüketti' means 'This project consumed the budget.'
- Energy and Time
- Beyond physical resources, 'tüketmek' can also refer to using up energy, whether physical or mental, or expending time. 'Bu iş tüm enerjimi tüketti' means 'This job consumed all my energy.' In a similar vein, 'Zamanı boşa tüketmeyelim' suggests 'Let's not waste time.' This highlights the idea of something being spent or used up.
- Abstract Consumption
- The verb can extend to more abstract concepts like patience, hope, or even the lifespan of an item. 'Onun sabrını tüketmiştim' means 'I had exhausted his patience.' Or, 'Bu araba ömrünü tüketmiş gibi görünüyor' means 'This car seems to have reached the end of its life/consumed its lifespan.' The core idea remains depletion through use or passage of time.
Günlük hayatımızda pek çok şeyi tüketmek zorundayız.
Elektriği israf etmeyerek daha az tüketmek önemlidir.
- Environmental Discussions
- In environmental contexts, 'tüketmek' is used to talk about the unsustainable use of natural resources like water, forests, and minerals. For instance, news reports might say, 'Geri dönüşüm, doğal kaynakları daha az tüketmemizi sağlar' (Recycling allows us to consume fewer natural resources).
- Economic Usage
- Economically, the verb refers to consumer spending and the depletion of goods. 'Tüketici harcamaları ekonomiyi canlandırır' (Consumer spending stimulates the economy) is a common sentiment, where 'tüketici' means 'consumer,' directly related to 'tüketmek.' It also applies to the exhaustion of financial assets or budgets.
- Personal Well-being
- On a personal level, one might 'tüketmek' their energy on a difficult task, or feel that a long wait has 'tüketmek' their patience. 'Bu süreç beni çok tüketti' (This process exhausted me) is a common expression of fatigue from an ordeal.
Gelecek nesiller için kaynakları bilinçli tüketmeliyiz.
'Tüketmek' is a regular verb in Turkish, meaning its conjugation follows standard patterns. It typically takes a direct object, which is the thing being consumed or used up. The verb can be used in various tenses and moods to express different nuances of consumption. Pay attention to the context to understand precisely what is being depleted.
- Present Tense (Şimdiki Zaman)
- Used for ongoing consumption or habitual actions. Example: 'Çok fazla enerji tüketiyoruz.' (We are consuming a lot of energy.)
- Past Tense (Görülen Geçmiş Zaman)
- Used for completed actions of consumption. Example: 'Dün tüm suyu tükettik.' (Yesterday, we consumed all the water.)
- Future Tense (Gelecek Zaman)
- Used for planned or expected future consumption. Example: 'Bu kaynağı yakında tüketeceğiz.' (We will consume this resource soon.)
- Imperative Mood (Emir Kipi)
- Used to command or advise someone to consume or not consume. Example: 'Daha az et tüketin.' (Consume less meat.)
- Necessity (Gereklilik Kipi)
- Expresses the need or obligation to consume. Example: 'Bu ilacı düzenli tüketmelisiniz.' (You must consume this medicine regularly.)
- Causative Form (Ettirgen Çatı)
- The causative form, 'tükettirmek', means to cause someone or something to consume or use up. Example: 'Çocuklara meyve tükettirdim.' (I made the children consume fruit.)
Şirket, yeni ürününü piyasada hızla tüketmek istiyor.
Bu kadar şekerli gıdayı tüketmek sağlığa zararlı olabilir.
- Using with Pronouns
- Turkish uses possessive suffixes and object pronouns with verbs. For example, 'Benim paramı tüketti.' (He/She consumed my money.)
- Passive Voice (Edilgen Çatı)
- The passive form, 'tüketilmek', means to be consumed or used up. Example: 'Bu ürünler hızla tüketiliyor.' (These products are being consumed rapidly.)
- Nominalization (İsimleştirme)
- The noun form is 'tüketim' (consumption). It's often used in phrases like 'enerji tüketimi' (energy consumption) or 'su tüketimi' (water consumption).
Sabrımız tükenmek üzereydi ama pes etmedik.
You will encounter 'tüketmek' frequently in various aspects of Turkish life and media. Its broad meaning makes it a staple in everyday conversations, news reports, advertisements, and educational materials. Listening to native speakers in different contexts will help you internalize its usage and nuances.
- News and Current Affairs
- News broadcasts often discuss the consumption of natural resources, energy, and economic goods. You might hear: 'Ülkenin enerji kaynaklarını ne kadar hızlı tükettiği tartışılıyor.' (How quickly the country is consuming its energy resources is being discussed.) Environmental news will also use it to talk about deforestation or water depletion.
- Advertisements and Marketing
- Advertisements often play on the idea of consumption. Products are presented as things to be bought and used up. You might see slogans like: 'Bu lezzeti hemen tüketin!' (Consume this flavor immediately!) or 'Az tüketerek tasarruf edin.' (Save by consuming less.)
- Economic Discussions
- Economists and commentators frequently use 'tüketmek' when discussing consumer behavior, market trends, and the depletion of financial reserves. For example: 'Yüksek enflasyon, insanların alım gücünü tüketiyor.' (High inflation is consuming people's purchasing power.)
- Health and Lifestyle
- In health-related contexts, it's used for consuming food, medicine, or even for how certain conditions can deplete one's health or energy. 'Bu diyetle vücudunuzdaki vitaminleri tüketiyorsunuz.' (With this diet, you are consuming the vitamins in your body.)
- Everyday Conversations
- Friends might discuss how much time a task took: 'Bu proje tüm hafta sonumu tüketti.' (This project consumed my entire weekend.) Or about using up supplies: 'Ekmekleri tükettik, yenisini almalıyız.' (We used up the bread, we need to buy new ones.)
Televizyonda sürekli olarak yeni ürünleri tüketmeye teşvik ediliyoruz.
Bu zorlu süreç hepimizin enerjisini tüketti.
While 'tüketmek' is a common verb, learners might sometimes misuse it or confuse it with similar-sounding or conceptually related words. Being aware of these potential pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy.
- Confusing with 'Harçamak' (to spend)
- 'Harçamak' specifically refers to spending money. While spending money often leads to consuming goods, 'tüketmek' is broader. You can 'tüketmek' energy, time, or resources without necessarily 'harçamak' money. Example: 'Bu iş enerjimi tüketti.' (This job consumed my energy.) You wouldn't say 'enerjimi harcadı' for energy.
- Confusing with 'Bitirmek' (to finish)
- 'Bitirmek' means to finish or complete something. While consuming something can lead to it being finished, 'tüketmek' emphasizes the process of using up. 'Bitirmek' can apply to tasks or projects, whereas 'tüketmek' is more about depletion. Example: 'Kitabı bitirdim.' (I finished the book.) vs. 'Bu kitap çok çabuk tüketildi.' (This book was consumed very quickly – perhaps read by many people.)
- Incorrect Object Agreement
- 'Tüketmek' usually takes a direct object. Forgetting to specify what is being consumed can make sentences incomplete or grammatically awkward. Example: Incorrect: 'Biz tükettik.' Correct: 'Biz yiyecekleri tükettik.' (We consumed the food.)
- Overusing the Passive Voice
- While 'tüketilmek' (to be consumed) is correct, sometimes learners might default to it when the active voice is more natural or when the agent is known. For example, instead of 'Bu ürünler çok tüketiliyor' (These products are consumed a lot), if you know who is consuming them, you might say 'Halk bu ürünleri çok tüketiyor' (The public consumes these products a lot).
- Using 'Tüketmek' for Non-Consumable Items
- While abstract concepts like patience or energy can be 'tüketmek', avoid using it for things that aren't depleted through use in the same way. For example, you wouldn't typically 'tüketmek' a building or a mountain in the same sense as food or energy.
Yanlış: 'Bugün paramı çok tükettim.' (This sounds like you used up your money in a way that's more than just spending, perhaps wasted it all.)
Doğru: 'Bugün alışverişte çok para harcadım.' (I spent a lot of money shopping today.)
Turkish offers several words that are related to 'tüketmek' but carry distinct meanings. Understanding these differences will help you choose the most precise word for your intended message.
- Harcamak (to spend)
- Focus: Primarily money, but can also extend to time and energy in a less direct way than 'tüketmek'.
Usage: 'Para harcamak' (to spend money) is the most common usage. 'Zaman harcamak' (to spend time) implies dedicating time to something, potentially without depleting it in the same way as 'tüketmek'.
Example: 'Bu ay faturalara çok para harcadım.' (I spent a lot of money on bills this month.) 'Bu projeye çok zaman harcadık.' (We spent a lot of time on this project.)
Difference from 'tüketmek': 'Harcamak' is about expenditure, while 'tüketmek' is about depletion through use. - Bitirmek (to finish, to end)
- Focus: Completing an action, task, or a substance. It implies reaching the end point.
Usage: Can be used for completing a book, a meal, a project, or using up the last of something.
Example: 'Yemeği bitirdim.' (I finished the meal.) 'Proje bitti.' (The project is finished.) 'Suyu bitirdik.' (We finished the water - implying no more is left.)
Difference from 'tüketmek': 'Bitirmek' focuses on completion, while 'tüketmek' emphasizes the process of using up. You can 'bitirmek' a task without necessarily 'tüketmek' a resource. - Kullanmak (to use)
- Focus: General utilization of something. It's a neutral term for employing an object or tool.
Usage: 'Telefonumu kullanıyorum.' (I am using my phone.) 'Bu kalemi kullanabilir miyim?' (Can I use this pen?)
Difference from 'tüketmek': 'Kullanmak' is about employing something for its function, often without implying depletion. 'Tüketmek' specifically means to use up or exhaust. - Eritmek (to melt, to dissolve; figuratively, to waste away)
- Focus: Literal melting or dissolving. Figuratively, it can imply wasting away or causing something to diminish, often in a negative or gradual way.
Usage: 'Buzlar eriyor.' (The ice is melting.) 'Bu durum umutlarımı eritmişti.' (This situation had made my hopes dwindle/melt away.)
Difference from 'tüketmek': 'Eritmek' is about a physical change (melting) or a more emotional/abstract wasting away, not the direct consumption of a resource. - Ziyan Etmek (to waste, to ruin)
- Focus: Negative wastage, squandering, or ruining something.
Usage: 'Zamanı ziyan etmeyelim.' (Let's not waste time.) 'Bu fırsatı ziyan ettin.' (You wasted this opportunity.)
Difference from 'tüketmek': 'Tüketmek' can be neutral (consuming food) or negative (depleting resources unsustainably). 'Ziyan etmek' is almost always negative, implying a loss or a lack of benefit from what was used or lost.
Enerjimi tüketmek yerine onu verimli kullanmalıyım.
Bu yemeği bitirmek zorundayım çünkü çok acıktım.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The root 'tük-' is related to concepts of ending and completion. Interestingly, the word 'tükenmez' (inexhaustible) uses the same root with a negative suffix, literally meaning 'not to be consumed' or 'not to end'. This highlights the core meaning of depletion inherent in the root.
発音ガイド
- Mispronouncing the vowel 'ü' as 'u' or 'oo'. It's a rounded front vowel.
- Incorrectly stressing the first syllable instead of the second.
- Pronouncing the 'k' too softly or too hard.
- Not separating the syllables clearly.
難易度
Recognizing 'tüketmek' in written text is generally straightforward, especially in contexts related to consumption, resources, or energy. The complexity arises from the context and the specific object being consumed.
Using 'tüketmek' correctly in writing requires understanding its various objects (concrete and abstract) and conjugations. Distinguishing it from similar verbs like 'harcamak' or 'bitirmek' is key.
Speakers need to be aware of the direct object and the appropriate tense. Using it naturally in conversation, especially with abstract concepts like patience or energy, takes practice.
Understanding 'tüketmek' in spoken Turkish is usually easy due to its commonality. The challenge might be distinguishing it from similar-sounding words or understanding the specific nuance in fast speech.
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Direct Object Case (Belirtme Hali)
When the direct object is specific and known, it takes the accusative case (-ı, -i, -u, -ü). Example: 'Bu elmayı tükettim.' (I consumed this apple.)
Passive Voice (Edilgen Çatı)
The passive form 'tüketilmek' is formed by adding '-il' to the verb stem. Example: 'Bu ekmekler hızla tüketiliyor.' (These breads are being consumed rapidly.)
Causative Verb (Ettirgen Çatı)
The causative form 'tükettirmek' means to cause someone to consume. Example: 'Çocuğa süt tükettirdim.' (I made the child drink milk.)
Using with 'Gerekmek' (to require)
Sürdürülebilir bir yaşam için kaynakları dikkatli tüketmek gerekmektedir. (Consuming resources carefully is required for a sustainable life.)
Using with modal verbs (e.g., 'ebilir', 'meli')
Bu kadar yoğun çalışmak enerjinizi tüketebilir. (Working this intensely can consume your energy.)
レベル別の例文
Suyu tükettim.
I used up the water.
Simple past tense, singular object.
Yemeği tükettik.
We used up the food.
Simple past tense, plural subject, singular object.
Şeker bitti, tükendi.
The sugar is finished, it ran out.
Use of 'bitti' and 'tükendi' (passive) for exhaustion.
Bu pil tükendi.
This battery is used up.
Passive voice, singular subject.
Onun sabrı tükendi.
His patience ran out.
Abstract noun as object, past tense.
Enerjim tükendi.
My energy ran out.
Abstract noun as object, past tense.
Bu lambanın ömrü tükendi.
The life of this lamp is finished.
Metaphorical use for lifespan.
Oyunu tüketti.
He/She used up the game (play/chance).
Idiomatic use.
Tüm parayı tükettik, şimdi ne yapacağız?
We used up all the money, what will we do now?
Past tense, emphasis on consequence.
Bu araba çok benzin tüketiyor.
This car consumes a lot of gasoline.
Present continuous tense, indicating high consumption.
Lütfen bu kaynağı dikkatli tüketin.
Please consume this resource carefully.
Imperative mood, formal address.
Bu film tüm zamanımı tüketti.
This movie consumed all my time.
Past tense, abstract object (time).
Elektrik faturaları çok yüksek geliyor çünkü çok tüketiyoruz.
The electricity bills are coming very high because we consume a lot.
Present tense, cause and effect.
Bu ilaçları doktorun önerdiği şekilde tüketmelisiniz.
You must consume these medicines as the doctor recommended.
Necessity mood.
Onun sabrını taşırmamaya çalışıyorum, beni tüketmek istemem.
I am trying not to overflow his patience, I don't want to exhaust him.
Using 'tüketmek' with a person's emotional state.
Bu telefon eski olduğu için artık hızlı tüketiyor.
Because this phone is old, it consumes quickly now.
Present tense, indicating a defect.
Sürdürülebilir kalkınma, doğal kaynakları bilinçli tüketmeyi gerektirir.
Sustainable development requires conscious consumption of natural resources.
Nominalization 'tüketme' in a noun phrase, necessity.
Bu kadar yoğun çalışma enerjimi tamamen tüketti.
So much intensive work completely exhausted my energy.
Past tense, emphasis with 'tamamen'.
Piyasaya sürülen yeni ürünler hızla tüketildi.
The new products released to the market were consumed rapidly.
Passive voice, past tense.
Bütçemizi aşmamak için harcamalarımızı kısmalı ve gereksiz tüketimden kaçınmalıyız.
To not exceed our budget, we must cut our expenses and avoid unnecessary consumption.
Using the noun form 'tüketim' and imperative 'kaçınmalıyız'.
Bu tatil, tüm birikimlerimizi tüketmemize neden oldu.
This holiday caused us to consume all our savings.
Causative structure with 'neden oldu'.
Sürekli yeni teknolojilere adapte olmaya çalışmak zihinsel enerjimizi tüketiyor.
Constantly trying to adapt to new technologies is consuming our mental energy.
Present continuous, abstract object (mental energy).
Geri dönüşüm, doğal kaynakların daha az tüketilmesini sağlar.
Recycling ensures that natural resources are consumed less.
Passive voice, noun phrase 'daha az tüketilmesini'.
Bu tür filmler izleyicinin sabrını ciddi anlamda tüketebilir.
These kinds of movies can seriously consume the viewer's patience.
Modal verb 'ebilir' (can), abstract object.
Ekonomik durgunluk dönemlerinde, tüketicilerin harcama eğilimleri azalır ve bu da piyasadaki mal ve hizmetlerin daha yavaş tüketilmesine yol açar.
During periods of economic recession, consumer spending tendencies decrease, which leads to goods and services in the market being consumed more slowly.
Complex sentence structure, passive voice 'tüketilmesine'.
İklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede, fosil yakıt tüketimini azaltmak hayati önem taşımaktadır.
In combating climate change, reducing fossil fuel consumption is of vital importance.
Noun form 'tüketim', nominalization 'azaltmak'.
Bu kadar çok bilgiyi aynı anda işlemeye çalışmak beynimi tüketiyor.
Trying to process so much information at once is exhausting my brain.
Figurative use for mental capacity.
Şirketin pazarlama stratejisi, ürünlerini hızla tüketmeyi hedefliyordu.
The company's marketing strategy aimed at consuming its products quickly.
Infinitive form 'tüketmeyi' as an object of 'hedefliyordu'.
Aşırı tüketim, gezegenimizin sınırlı kaynaklarını tehlikeye atıyor.
Excessive consumption is endangering our planet's limited resources.
Noun form 'tüketim', abstract concept.
Bu tür uzun ve karmaşık görevler, insanın hem fiziksel hem de zihinsel enerjisini tüketebilir.
Such long and complex tasks can consume a person's physical and mental energy.
Modal verb 'ebilir', dual object types.
Tarih boyunca medeniyetler, doğal kaynakları tükettikçe ilerlemiş ve bazen de çökmüştür.
Throughout history, civilizations have progressed as they consumed natural resources, and sometimes collapsed.
Temporal clause 'tükettikçe'.
Kişisel gelişim yolculuğunda, eski alışkanlıkları bırakıp yenilerini benimsemek, bazen zorlu bir süreci tüketir.
In the journey of personal development, letting go of old habits and adopting new ones sometimes consumes a difficult process.
Figurative use for a process taking time and effort.
Küreselleşme, yerel ekonomilerde yerel üretim ve tüketim modellerini derinden etkileyerek küresel ölçekte kaynakların daha hızlı tüketilmesine yol açmıştır.
Globalization has deeply affected local production and consumption models in local economies, leading to faster consumption of resources on a global scale.
Complex sentence with multiple clauses, abstract concepts, passive voice.
Yapay zeka teknolojilerinin hızla gelişmesi, enerji tüketiminde önemli artışlara neden olmakta ve bu durum, sürdürülebilirlik tartışmalarını alevlendirmektedir.
The rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies is causing significant increases in energy consumption, and this situation is igniting sustainability discussions.
Noun form 'tüketim', gerund phrase 'alevlendirmektedir'.
Bu kadar yoğun bir bilgi akışına maruz kalmak, zihinsel kapasitemizi aşırı derecede tüketebilir ve tükenmişlik hissine yol açabilir.
Being exposed to such an intense flow of information can excessively consume our mental capacity and lead to a feeling of burnout.
Modal verbs, abstract concepts, potential consequences.
Tarihsel süreçte, imparatorlukların yükselişi ve çöküşü genellikle aşırı kaynak tüketimi ile paralellik göstermiştir.
In the historical process, the rise and fall of empires have generally shown parallelism with excessive resource consumption.
Abstract noun 'tüketim', formal language.
Dijitalleşmenin artmasıyla birlikte, veri merkezlerinin enerji tüketimi katlanarak artmakta ve bu da çevresel etkileri konusunda ciddi endişelere yol açmaktadır.
With the increase in digitalization, the energy consumption of data centers is increasing exponentially, leading to serious concerns about their environmental impact.
Complex sentence, quantitative description 'katlanarak'.
Kültürel değişim süreçlerinde, geleneksel değerlerin korunması ile modern yaşamın getirdiği tüketim alışkanlıklarının dengelenmesi, toplumlar için sürekli bir mücadele alanıdır.
In processes of cultural change, balancing the preservation of traditional values with consumption habits brought by modern life is a constant area of struggle for societies.
Abstract concepts, complex noun phrases.
Ekonomik modellerin sürdürülebilirliği, yalnızca üretim artışına değil, aynı zamanda tüketim kalıplarının optimize edilmesine de bağlıdır.
The sustainability of economic models depends not only on production increase but also on the optimization of consumption patterns.
Conditional phrasing, abstract noun 'tüketim'.
İnsanın doğayla olan ilişkisi, çoğu zaman sınırsız bir büyüme ve tüketim arzusuyla şekillenmiş, bu da ekosistem üzerinde yıkıcı etkilere yol açmıştır.
Humanity's relationship with nature has often been shaped by an unlimited desire for growth and consumption, which has led to destructive effects on the ecosystem.
Figurative language, cause and effect.
Post-endüstriyel toplumlarda, materyal tüketimin ötesine geçen sembolik tüketim biçimleri, bireylerin kimliklerini ve sosyal statülerini inşa etmelerinde merkezi bir rol oynamaktadır.
In post-industrial societies, forms of symbolic consumption that go beyond material consumption play a central role in individuals constructing their identities and social statuses.
Highly abstract concepts, philosophical undertones.
Gezegenimizin taşıma kapasitesini aşan bir tüketim döngüsüne girmiş bulunmaktayız; bu döngünün sürdürülebilirliği, radikal bir paradigma değişimi gerektirmektedir.
We have entered a consumption cycle exceeding our planet's carrying capacity; the sustainability of this cycle requires a radical paradigm shift.
Advanced vocabulary, metaphorical language, strong assertion.
Tüketim kültürünün yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte, metalaşma süreci, insan deneyimlerinin ve ilişkilerinin bile metalaştırılarak tüketilmesine olanak tanımıştır.
With the spread of consumer culture, the commodification process has allowed even human experiences and relationships to be commodified and consumed.
Complex theoretical concepts, advanced vocabulary.
Sermayenin küreselleşmesi ve dijitalleşmenin hızlanması, yeni tüketim biçimlerini tetikleyerek, geleneksel ekonomik modellerin sınırlarını zorlamakta ve kaynakların daha önce görülmemiş hızlarda tüketilmesine yol açmaktadır.
The globalization of capital and the acceleration of digitalization are triggering new forms of consumption, pushing the boundaries of traditional economic models and leading to the consumption of resources at unprecedented speeds.
Extremely complex sentence, highly abstract and quantitative descriptions.
Post-modern düşünce akımlarında, tüketimin sadece bir ihtiyaç giderme eylemi olmaktan çıkıp, aynı zamanda bir kimlik ifadesi, bir sosyal gösterge ve bir yaşam biçimi haline gelmesi eleştirel bir perspektifle incelenmektedir.
In postmodern schools of thought, the transformation of consumption from merely an act of fulfilling needs into an expression of identity, a social indicator, and a way of life is examined from a critical perspective.
Philosophical and theoretical discourse, advanced vocabulary.
Ekolojik ayak izimizin giderek büyümesi, insanlığın gezegenin yenilenebilir kaynaklarını sürdürülemez bir hızla tükettiğinin en belirgin kanıtıdır.
The steady growth of our ecological footprint is the most evident proof that humanity is consuming the planet's renewable resources at an unsustainable rate.
Scientific and environmental terminology, strong assertion.
Teknolojik ilerlemenin getirdiği sürekli yenilik ve eskime döngüsü, ürünlerin kullanım ömrünü kısaltarak, daha hızlı ve daha sık tüketim yapmaya teşvik etmektedir.
The cycle of continuous innovation and obsolescence brought by technological advancement shortens the lifespan of products, encouraging faster and more frequent consumption.
Complex causal relationships, economic concepts.
Kültürel hegemonyanın bir aracı olarak tüketim, küresel markaların sunduğu yaşam tarzlarının yerel kimlikleri aşındırarak homojenleşmiş bir tüketim kültürünü dayattığı eleştirisi yaygındır.
As a tool of cultural hegemony, the critique is widespread that global brands impose a homogenized consumer culture by eroding local identities through the lifestyles they offer.
Sociological and critical theory concepts, advanced vocabulary.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To be forced to consume.
Hayatta kalmak için yiyecek tüketmek zorunda kaldık.
— To produce instead of consuming.
Bazı topluluklar tüketmek yerine üretmeyi tercih eder.
— Consumption frenzy or spree.
Kara Cuma indirimleri genellikle bir tüketim çılgınlığına yol açar.
— Consumer society.
Günümüz dünyası büyük ölçüde bir tüketim toplumu haline gelmiştir.
— To encourage consumption.
Devlet, ekonomiyi canlandırmak için tüketimi teşvik ediyor.
— To get caught up in a consumption frenzy.
İndirimleri görünce tüketim çılgınlığına kapıldım.
よく混同される語
'Bitirmek' means to finish or complete. 'Tüketmek' means to use up or deplete. You can 'bitirmek' a task, but you 'tüketmek' resources.
'Harçamak' specifically means to spend money. While spending money often leads to consumption, 'tüketmek' is broader and can apply to energy, time, or resources without direct monetary expenditure.
'Kullanmak' is a general term for 'to use'. 'Tüketmek' implies using something to the point of depletion or exhaustion.
慣用句と表現
— To exhaust one's life force or energy; to be extremely tired or worn out.
Bu kadar işten sonra canım tükendi.
Informal— To reach the end of one's lifespan or usefulness; to wear out completely.
Bu eski araba ömrünü tüketmiş.
General— To consume someone's patience or tolerance to the limit; to annoy someone greatly.
Sürekli şikayet ederek gözümü tüketti.
Informal— To exhaust someone's patience.
Onun sabrını tüketmemeye dikkat etmelisin.
General— To run out of breath; figuratively, to run out of energy or options.
Koşmaktan nefesi tükendi.
General— It ran out, but... (used to indicate that something is finished, but there's a caveat or continuation).
Benzin tükendi tükenmesine ama yolda bir istasyon bulduk.
Colloquial— To consume something completely, to use it up entirely.
Tüm tatlıyı tüketip bitirdik.
General— Consumption monster; someone who consumes excessively.
Kendini bir tüketim canavarı gibi hissediyor.
Informal/Figurative— To consume oneself; to be self-destructive or to exhaust oneself mentally/emotionally.
Sürekli endişelenerek kendi kendini tüketiyor.
Figurative— To get caught up in a shopping frenzy or excessive consumption.
İndirimleri görünce tüketim çılgınlığına kapıldı.
Colloquial間違えやすい
Both verbs can relate to the depletion of a substance, like food or drink.
'Bitirmek' focuses on the completion of an action or the reaching of an end point. 'Tüketmek' emphasizes the process of using up or depleting a resource. You 'bitirmek' a meal, but you 'tüketmek' the ingredients of the meal.
'Yemeği <strong>bitirdim</strong>.' (I finished the meal - implies completion of eating.) vs. 'Bu yemeğin malzemelerini <strong>tükettik</strong>.' (We used up the ingredients for this meal - implies depletion of supplies.)
Spending money ('harcamak') often leads to consuming goods or services.
'Harçamak' is specifically about spending money. 'Tüketmek' is about using up something, which may or may not involve money. You can 'tüketmek' energy without spending money, but you 'harcamak' money to buy goods that you then 'tüketmek'.
'Bu kitaba çok para <strong>harcadım</strong>.' (I spent a lot of money on this book.) vs. 'Bu kitabı birkaç günde <strong>tükettim</strong>.' (I consumed/read this book in a few days.)
Both involve the act of employing something.
'Kullanmak' is a neutral term for using something for its intended purpose, often without implying depletion. 'Tüketmek' implies using something to the point where it is diminished or exhausted.
'Telefonumu <strong>kullanıyorum</strong>.' (I am using my phone - general use.) vs. 'Bu telefonun pili çok çabuk <strong>tüketiyor</strong>.' (This phone's battery consumes/drains very quickly - implies depletion.)
Both imply expending something.
'Sarf etmek' is a more formal term, often used for expending energy, effort, or resources, and carries a sense of dedication or significant use. 'Tüketmek' is more general and can apply to everyday consumption.
'Tüm enerjisini <strong>sarf etti</strong>.' (He expended all his energy - formal, significant effort.) vs. 'Bu iş tüm enerjimi <strong>tüketti</strong>.' (This job consumed all my energy - general exhaustion.)
Both can imply a reduction or loss of something.
'Ziyan etmek' means to waste or squander, implying a negative and often unnecessary loss. 'Tüketmek' can be neutral (consuming food) or negative (unsustainable resource depletion).
'Zamanı <strong>ziyan etmeyelim</strong>.' (Let's not waste time - negative.) vs. 'Bu filmi izlerken zamanımı <strong>tükettim</strong>.' (I consumed my time watching this movie - can be neutral or slightly negative depending on context.)
文型パターン
Subject + Object + Tüketmek (past tense)
Ben + suyu + <strong>tükettim</strong>.
Subject + Object + Tüketmek (present continuous)
Bu araba + benzin + <strong>tüketiyor</strong>.
Subject + Abstract Noun + Tüketmek (past tense)
Bu iş + enerjimi + <strong>tüketti</strong>.
Passive: Object + Tüketilmek (present continuous)
Bu ürünler + hızla + <strong>tüketiliyor</strong>.
Subject + Object + Tüketmek (infinitive as object)
Amacımız + kaynakları + <strong>tüketmekti</strong>.
Using with 'Gerekmek'
Daha az <strong>tüketmek gerekmektedir</strong>.
Complex sentence with 'neden olmak' + noun phrase
Aşırı <strong>tüketim</strong> + çevre sorunlarına + <strong>neden oluyor</strong>.
Using 'tüketim' as a noun in a sentence
Enerji <strong>tüketimi</strong> giderek artıyor.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very High
-
Using 'tüketmek' for spending money.
→
Harcamak
'Tüketmek' means to use up a resource. 'Harcamak' specifically means to spend money. You spend money to buy something, and then you consume that thing.
-
Confusing 'tüketmek' with 'bitirmek'.
→
Tüketmek (use up) vs. Bitirmek (finish)
'Tüketmek' implies depletion. 'Bitirmek' implies completion. You can 'bitirmek' a book by reading it, but you 'tüketmek' the pages or the ink.
-
Forgetting the direct object.
→
We need to specify what is being consumed.
Sentences like 'Biz tükettik' are incomplete. You need to say what was consumed, e.g., 'Biz yiyecekleri <strong>tükettik</strong>.'
-
Using 'tüketmek' for general 'use'.
→
Kullanmak
'Kullanmak' is a general term for 'to use'. 'Tüketmek' implies using something to the point of depletion or exhaustion.
-
Incorrectly conjugating the passive or causative forms.
→
Tüketilmek (passive) and Tükettirmek (causative)
Learners may struggle with the correct suffixes for passive ('-il') and causative ('-tir') verbs. For example, 'tüketmek' (to consume) vs. 'tüketilmek' (to be consumed) vs. 'tükettirmek' (to cause to consume).
ヒント
Connect with 'Üretmek'
Always try to learn 'tüketmek' alongside its antonym 'üretmek' (to produce). Understanding this pair will solidify the concept of consumption in relation to creation.
Master the 'Ü' Sound
The Turkish 'ü' sound is crucial. Practice saying 'tü' with rounded lips, similar to the 'ew' in 'few' but shorter and sharper. This will prevent mispronunciation.
Listen to Advertisements
Turkish advertisements are a great source for hearing 'tüketmek' used in various contexts, from food to technology. Pay attention to the products and the language used.
Direct Object is Key
Remember that 'tüketmek' usually requires a direct object. Ask yourself 'What is being consumed?' to ensure your sentence is complete and grammatically correct.
Describe Your Day
At the end of the day, try to describe in Turkish what you consumed: 'Bugün kahvaltıda ekmek tükettim. Öğleden sonra enerjim tükendi. Akşam film izlerken biraz zaman tükettim.' This reinforces usage.
Tüketmek vs. Harcamak
If you're talking about spending money, use 'harcamak'. If you're talking about using up the item bought with that money (like fuel or food), use 'tüketmek'.
Emotions and Energy
Don't hesitate to use 'tüketmek' for abstract concepts like energy, time, or patience. It's a very common and natural way to express exhaustion or depletion in these areas.
Responsibility in Consumption
Be aware that in Turkish discussions about resources, 'tüketmek' can imply a need for responsibility and sustainability, contrasting with 'israf' (waste).
Passive and Causative Forms
Practice forming the passive ('tüketilmek') and causative ('tükettirmek') forms. These are essential for expressing nuanced ideas about consumption.
Context is King
When learning synonyms like 'bitirmek' or 'harcamak', always consider the specific context. The best word choice depends heavily on whether you mean to finish, spend, or use up.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a ticking clock that is slowly running out of time, 'tük-tük-tük'. This sound represents the 'tük' part of 'tüketmek', reminding you that time is being 'consumed' or used up.
視覚的連想
Picture a nearly empty gas tank with a warning light flashing. The needle is at the very bottom, showing the fuel is almost 'tüketilmiş' (consumed).
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'tüketmek' in five different sentences describing things you consumed today, from breakfast to your phone battery.
語源
The word 'tüketmek' originates from the Old Turkic root 'tük-' meaning 'to finish, to end, to be consumed'. This root is found in various Turkic languages and dialects, indicating a long history of usage for the concept of depletion.
元の意味： To finish, to reach an end, to be used up.
Turkic文化的な背景
When discussing natural resources or financial matters, using 'tüketmek' can carry a serious tone, implying potential scarcity or negative consequences if not managed properly. Be mindful of the context.
While 'consume' is the direct English translation, the nuances of 'tüketmek' can also be captured by 'use up', 'deplete', 'exhaust', or 'spend' depending on the context.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Shopping and everyday purchases
- Bu ürünü tükettim.
- Daha az tüketmeye çalışıyorum.
- Tüketici hakları.
Environmental discussions
- Doğal kaynakları tüketmek.
- Su tüketimini azaltmak.
- Aşırı tüketim.
Personal energy and well-being
- Enerjimi tüketti.
- Sabrımı tüketme.
- Bu iş beni tüketti.
Economic and financial matters
- Parayı tüketmek.
- Bütçeyi tüketmek.
- Tüketici harcamaları.
Technology and devices
- Pil tüketmek.
- Veri tüketmek.
- Bu uygulama çok pil tüketiyor.
会話のきっかけ
"Bugün ne kadar enerji tükettiğini düşündün mü?"
"Son zamanlarda ne kadar çok şey tükettiğimizin farkında mısın?"
"Bu yeni ürünü ne kadar sürede tüketirsin?"
"Sence biz kaynaklarımızı yeterince bilinçli tüketiyor muyuz?"
"Bu kadar yoğun çalışmak enerjini tüketiyor mu?"
日記のテーマ
Bugün hangi somut ve soyut şeyleri tükettiğimi listeleyebilir miyim?
Tüketim alışkanlıklarımın çevre üzerindeki etkisini nasıl azaltabilirim?
Hangi durumlarda sabrım daha çok tükeniyor ve bununla nasıl başa çıkabilirim?
Ekonomik olarak, para tüketmek yerine biriktirmeyi nasıl başarabilirim?
Bu hafta en çok hangi kaynağı tükettiğimi ve nedenini yazabilir miyim?
よくある質問
10 問'Tüketmek' means to use up or consume something until it is depleted or exhausted. 'Bitirmek' means to finish or complete something. For example, you 'tüketmek' ingredients to make a meal, and then you 'bitirmek' the meal itself. If you run out of milk, the milk has 'tükendi' (is consumed/used up), and you have 'bitirdiğin' (finished) the milk supply.
Yes, absolutely. 'Tüketmek' is commonly used for abstract concepts like energy, time, patience, or even mental capacity. For instance, 'Bu iş tüm enerjimi tüketti' (This job consumed all my energy) or 'Onun sabrını tükettim' (I exhausted his patience).
The noun form is 'tüketim', which means 'consumption'. You will often see it in phrases like 'enerji tüketimi' (energy consumption) or 'su tüketimi' (water consumption).
Not necessarily. Consuming food or using electricity are neutral acts of 'tüketmek'. However, it can become negative when referring to the unsustainable depletion of natural resources or the exhaustion of someone's patience.
The passive form of 'tüketmek' is 'tüketilmek'. So, 'to be consumed' is 'tüketilmek'. For example, 'Bu ürünler hızla tüketiliyor' means 'These products are being consumed rapidly.'
'Harcamak' specifically means to spend money. 'Tüketmek' is broader and means to use up or deplete. You 'harcamak' money to buy a product, and then you 'tüketmek' that product (e.g., food, fuel).
Yes, in a figurative sense. 'Ömrünü tüketmek' means to reach the end of one's lifespan or usefulness, to wear out completely. For example, 'Bu eski araba ömrünü tüketmiş gibi.' (This old car seems to have consumed its lifespan.)
Like other regular verbs, it uses the '-di' suffix. For example: 'Ben tükettim' (I consumed), 'Sen tükettin' (You consumed), 'O tüketti' (He/She consumed), 'Biz tükettik' (We consumed), 'Siz tükettiniz' (You all consumed), 'Onlar tükettiler' (They consumed).
'Tüketici' is the noun form meaning 'consumer'. It refers to someone or something that consumes or uses up resources or goods.
Yes, very common ones include 'sabrı tüketmek' (to exhaust someone's patience), 'canı tüketmek' (to exhaust one's energy/life force), and 'tüketim çılgınlığı' (consumption frenzy).
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'tüketmek' signifies the act of using something to the point of depletion, whether it's a tangible resource like food or an intangible one like energy or patience. It's a fundamental concept in discussions about daily life, economics, and environmental sustainability in Turkish.
- Tüketmek means to use up or consume resources, energy, or time.
- It implies depletion or exhaustion through use.
- Commonly used for food, electricity, money, patience, and natural resources.
- The opposite of 'üretmek' (to produce).
Connect with 'Üretmek'
Always try to learn 'tüketmek' alongside its antonym 'üretmek' (to produce). Understanding this pair will solidify the concept of consumption in relation to creation.
Master the 'Ü' Sound
The Turkish 'ü' sound is crucial. Practice saying 'tü' with rounded lips, similar to the 'ew' in 'few' but shorter and sharper. This will prevent mispronunciation.
Listen to Advertisements
Turkish advertisements are a great source for hearing 'tüketmek' used in various contexts, from food to technology. Pay attention to the products and the language used.
Direct Object is Key
Remember that 'tüketmek' usually requires a direct object. Ask yourself 'What is being consumed?' to ensure your sentence is complete and grammatically correct.
関連コンテンツ
関連フレーズ
daily_lifeの関連語
acaba
A2彼は来るかしら。(Acaba gelir mi?)
acıkmak
A2お腹が空く。トルコ語では「お腹が空いた」という状態を動詞で表現します。
ad
A1name
adeta
B1「まるで」「ほとんど」という意味です。比喩を強調する際に使われます。「ここはまるで天国のようです。」
adres
A1住所（じゅうしょ）は、人が住んでいる場所や建物がある場所を示す情報です。
aksilik
B1不運、手違い、またはトラブル。 'ちょっとした手違い (aksilik) で遅れました。'
akış
B1Flow, stream, or course of events
akşam
A1evening
akşamüstü
B1夕方に公園で会いましょう。
almak
A1to take, to buy
