A2 adjective ニュートラル #5,000 よく出る 2分で読める

良性

/li̯ɑ̌ŋ.ɕîŋ/
Practice it

Overview

The Chinese word '良性' (liángxìng) is a versatile adjective that generally conveys the meaning of 'benign,' 'wholesome,' 'healthy,' or 'good.' It is often used to describe situations, conditions, or developments that are positive, favorable, and conducive to well-being or improvement. The character '良' (liáng) itself means 'good,' 'fine,' or 'virtuous,' while '性' (xìng) refers to 'nature,' 'character,' or 'tendency.' When combined, they denote a positive or good nature/tendency.

In a medical context, '良性' is directly translated as 'benign,' especially when referring to tumors or medical conditions that are not cancerous or harmful. For example, '良性肿瘤' (liángxìng zhǒngliú) means 'benign tumor.' This usage is critical in distinguishing between non-threatening and dangerous medical diagnoses.

Beyond medicine, '良性' is frequently applied to describe positive trends, cycles, or relationships. A '良性循环' (liángxìng xúnhuán) refers to a 'virtuous cycle' or 'positive feedback loop,' where positive outcomes reinforce each other, leading to continuous improvement. For instance, if an economy is growing and creating more jobs, which in turn leads to more consumption and further economic growth, that would be a '良性循环.' Similarly, '良性竞争' (liángxìng jìngzhēng) means 'healthy competition,' implying a competitive environment that encourages improvement and innovation without resorting to harmful or unethical practices.

The word can also describe a person's character or disposition, suggesting a kind, gentle, or well-intentioned nature. While not as common as its usage for situations or medical conditions, one might hear it used to imply a positive and non-aggressive personality. The core idea is always about something that is beneficial, not harmful, and generally leads to favorable outcomes.

Understanding '良性' is crucial for grasping nuances in both medical and general contexts in Chinese. Its implications range from mild and non-threatening (in a medical sense) to highly desirable and progressive (in a societal or economic sense). It stands in contrast to '恶性' (èxìng), which means 'malignant' or 'vicious,' highlighting its role in categorizing phenomena as either good/beneficial or bad/harmful.

例文

1

体检结果显示，她的肿瘤是良性的。

medical

The physical examination results showed that her tumor was benign.

2

公司内部形成了良性竞争，促进了业绩的提升。

business

Benign competition formed within the company, promoting improved performance.

3

这次政策调整对经济产生了良性循环。

economics

This policy adjustment created a benign cycle for the economy.

4

他性格温和，待人友善，是个良性的人。

personality

He has a gentle personality and is friendly to others; he is a benign person.

5

经过良性互动，双方的合作关系更加紧密。

social

Through benign interaction, the cooperative relationship between the two parties became closer.

よく使う組み合わせ

良性肿瘤
良性循环
良性竞争
良性发展

よく混同される語

良性 vs 善良 (shànliáng)

'善良' refers to a person's inherent good nature or kindness, while '良性' describes a positive quality or a non-threatening condition (like in medicine). They are not interchangeable.

良性 vs 良好 (liánghǎo)

'良好' means good, fine, or desirable, often referring to a general state or condition. '良性' specifically implies a positive development, a healthy cycle, or a non-malignant medical condition. While related, '良性' carries a more specific nuance of being beneficial or not harmful.

良性 vs 有利 (yǒulì)

'有利' means advantageous or beneficial. While a '良性' situation can be '有利', '有利' is a broader term focusing on benefit, whereas '良性' often implies a process or condition that is inherently healthy, positive, and non-damaging.

文法パターン

良性循环 (liángxìng xúnhuán): benign cycle; virtuous circle (e.g., 经济进入良性循环 - the economy entered a virtuous cycle) 良性肿瘤 (liángxìng zhǒngliú): benign tumor (medical term) 良性竞争 (liángxìng jìngzhēng): healthy competition; benign competition

How to Use It

使い方のコツ

When using '良性' in Chinese, pay attention to the context to ensure its appropriate application. In medical terminology, it is a direct translation for 'benign' and is commonly paired with terms like '肿瘤' (zhǒngliú - tumor) or '病变' (bìngbiàn - lesion) to indicate a non-cancerous state. For instance, '良性肿瘤' means 'benign tumor'. In broader contexts, '良性' describes something that is positive, favorable, or healthy. It can be used to qualify processes, relationships, or environments. For example, you might hear '良性发展' (liángxìng fāzhǎn) for 'healthy development' or '良性互动' (liángxìng hùdòng) for 'positive interaction'. It generally implies a situation that is improving or stable in a good way, without detrimental effects. Avoid using it to describe something that is merely 'good' in a general sense, unless you specifically want to convey the nuance of being non-harmful or positively impactful in a continuous manner.

語源

The character 良 (liáng) is an ideogrammic compound, combining 艮 (gěn - heel, hard) and a phonetic component. It originally depicted a person with a prominent heel, suggesting firmness or uprightness. Over time, its meaning evolved to encompass concepts of goodness, fineness, and auspiciousness. In ancient texts, 良 was used to describe things that were excellent, beautiful, or beneficial. It also referred to good people or officials. Its association with 'benign' comes from this general sense of being favorable or not harmful, especially in medical contexts.

文化的な背景

The term '良性' (liángxìng) in Chinese directly translates to 'benign' and carries similar connotations as in English. It is frequently used in medical contexts to describe a non-malignant condition, such as a tumor that is not cancerous. Beyond medicine, '良性' is also applied to situations or developments that are positive, healthy, and conducive to good outcomes. For example, a '良性循环' (liángxìng xúnhuán) refers to a virtuous cycle, where positive effects reinforce each other, leading to continuous improvement. In a social or economic context, '良性竞争' (liángxìng jìngzhēng) denotes healthy competition that encourages innovation and progress without resorting to unethical practices. The concept emphasizes a state of being beneficial, favorable, and not harmful, aligning with traditional Chinese values that often prioritize harmony and positive growth.

よくある質問

4 問

'良性' (liángxìng) in Chinese generally translates to 'benign' in English. It describes something that is good, favorable, or non-threatening in nature. This term is often used in medical contexts to describe a tumor or condition that is not cancerous and is unlikely to cause severe harm. Beyond medicine, it can also refer to a positive development or a beneficial cycle in various situations, indicating a trend that is healthy and constructive. Essentially, it implies a positive and non-harmful characteristic or outcome.

In a medical context, '良性' (liángxìng) is primarily used to describe a 'benign' condition, most commonly a tumor or growth. A benign tumor is not malignant, meaning it does not spread to other parts of the body (metastasize) and is generally not life-threatening. While benign tumors can still cause problems due to their size or location, they are distinct from cancerous (malignant) ones. This distinction is crucial for diagnosis and treatment, providing a sense of relief compared to a malignant diagnosis. It indicates a favorable prognosis.

Absolutely! '良性' (liángxìng) extends its meaning beyond medicine to describe situations or processes that are positive, healthy, or developing favorably. For example, one might refer to a '良性循环' (liángxìng xúnhuán), meaning a 'virtuous cycle' or 'benign cycle,' where positive actions or outcomes lead to further positive outcomes, creating a self-reinforcing beneficial trend. It can also describe a '良性竞争' (liángxìng jìngzhēng), which means 'healthy competition,' where rivalry drives improvement rather than causing harm or animosity. In these contexts, it implies constructive and beneficial development.

The most common and direct antonym for '良性' (liángxìng) is '恶性' (èxìng), which translates to 'malignant' or 'vicious.' In medical terms, '恶性' specifically refers to cancerous tumors that can spread and are life-threatening. Outside of medicine, '恶性' can describe something harmful, vicious, or detrimental, such as an '恶性循环' (èxìng xúnhuán) for a 'vicious cycle' where negative actions or outcomes lead to further negative ones. So, while '良性' signifies good and beneficial, '恶性' denotes bad, harmful, and destructive.

自分をテスト

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医生说这个肿瘤是___的，不需要担心。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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我们希望这次讨论能促进___竞争。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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这种疾病通常是___的，对健康影响不大。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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