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A2 noun 9分で読める

酒水

jiushui

練習する例文メモとヒント酒水 30秒で

解説酒水 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize '酒水' (jiǔshuǐ) as a word related to things you drink. You might see it on a simple menu. Even though it contains the character for 'alcohol' (酒), at this basic level, you can just remember it as 'drinks' in a restaurant. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet. Just knowing that it's a category on a menu is enough. It's helpful to know the characters: 酒 (wine/alcohol) and 水 (water). When you see them together, it's the 'drinks' section. You might hear a waiter say it when they bring you a list. Don't worry about the formal nuances yet; just think of it as a fancy way to say 'drinks' when you are out eating. If you want to say 'I want a drink,' you can point to the '酒水' section on the menu. It's a very useful word for basic survival in a Chinese-speaking environment because it appears on almost every restaurant receipt and menu. You should be able to distinguish it from '菜' (cài), which means food or dishes. In A1, your goal is recognition and simple identification of this word in its most common setting: the restaurant.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use '酒水' (jiǔshuǐ) in simple, practical sentences. You should understand that it is a collective noun for all beverages, including both alcoholic and non-alcoholic options. At this stage, you can use it to ask for the menu: '请给我酒水单' (Please give me the drink menu). You also learn common phrases like '酒水免费' (free drinks) and '自带酒水' (bring your own drinks). This is very important for navigating social situations like going to a KTV or a restaurant with friends. You should be able to understand when a waiter asks '需要酒水吗？' (Do you need any drinks?). You are also learning to describe things simply, so you might say '这里的酒水很贵' (The drinks here are very expensive). You understand that '酒水' is more formal than '饮料' (soft drinks). You should also be aware of the measure words used with it, such as '种' (zhǒng - kind/type). For example, '这里有三种酒水' (There are three kinds of drinks here). Your focus at A2 is on functional communication in daily life, specifically in dining and shopping contexts where '酒水' is a standard term.

At the B1 level, you are expected to use '酒水' (jiǔshuǐ) in more complex contexts, such as discussing costs, preferences, and social arrangements. You can now talk about the '酒水费用' (beverage expenses) for a party or a business lunch. You understand the cultural significance of '酒水' in Chinese banquets—that providing high-quality drinks is a way to show hospitality and 'face.' You can handle more nuanced interactions, such as asking if a buffet price includes drinks: '自助餐包含酒水吗？' (Does the buffet include drinks?). You can also use it to describe variety, like '这里的酒水种类繁多' (There is a wide variety of drinks here). At this level, you start to see '酒水' in written advertisements or business notices. You should be comfortable using it as a category in a budget or a shopping list. You also begin to understand the difference between '酒水' and '饮品' (trendy drinks), choosing the former for more traditional or formal settings. Your ability to use '酒水' in the middle of a paragraph to describe a scene is developing, allowing you to move beyond simple requests to more descriptive language about social events.

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At the B2 level, you can use '酒水' (jiǔshuǐ) fluently in professional and social discussions. You understand the industry-specific use of the word in hospitality and logistics. For example, you can discuss '酒水供应商' (beverage suppliers) or '酒水促销活动' (beverage promotions). You are aware of the legal and social implications, such as '禁止向未成年人提供酒水' (prohibiting the provision of alcohol to minors). You can use the word in more abstract ways, such as discussing the '酒水文化' (drinking culture) of a specific region or the '酒水利润' (profit from drinks) in the restaurant business. Your vocabulary is rich enough to use '酒水' in conjunction with formal verbs like '采购' (procure) or '配送' (distribute). You can also understand and participate in debates about restaurant policies, such as the fairness of '开瓶费' (corkage fees) for '自带酒水'. At B2, you should be able to write a short report or an email arranging the catering for an event, correctly using '酒水' to refer to the beverage portion of the plan. You are also sensitive to the register, knowing that '酒水' is the appropriate term for a contract or a formal invitation.

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At the C1 level, your mastery of '酒水' (jiǔshuǐ) includes an understanding of its stylistic nuances and its role in sophisticated discourse. You can use it in literary or high-level journalistic contexts to describe the atmosphere of a gathering or the state of the economy. You might discuss how '酒水消费的波动' (fluctuations in beverage consumption) reflects changes in consumer confidence. You are familiar with the term's use in various professional fields, from tax law (e.g., '酒水税') to public health. You can use '酒水' in complex sentence structures with ease, employing advanced rhetorical devices. You also understand the historical evolution of the term and its place in the broader 'yinshi' (food and drink) culture. You can distinguish between the literal use of the word and its more symbolic use in social commentary. For instance, you could analyze a scene in a novel where the choice of '酒水' reveals the social status of the characters. At this level, your use of '酒水' is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker, showing a deep understanding of when the word adds the necessary level of formality, professionalism, or cultural weight to your speech or writing.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of '酒水' (jiǔshuǐ), including its most subtle connotations and idiomatic possibilities. You can engage in high-level academic or professional discussions about the beverage industry, including market analysis, regulatory frameworks, and cultural history. You understand the nuances of '酒水' in different Chinese-speaking regions and how its usage might vary slightly in mainland China, Taiwan, or Hong Kong. You can use the term in creative writing to evoke specific settings, such as a smoky 1920s Shanghai bar or a modern corporate gala. You are also aware of the word's potential for wordplay or its use in puns within advertising or literature. Your understanding extends to the logistics and chemistry of '酒水' production and distribution at an expert level. You can interpret and translate complex legal documents or technical manuals related to '酒水' with precision. At C2, '酒水' is not just a vocabulary word but a versatile tool in your linguistic arsenal, allowing you to navigate the most complex social, professional, and cultural landscapes in the Chinese-speaking world with absolute confidence and sophistication.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

酒水 30秒で

酒水 means 'drinks' or 'beverages' in a professional or restaurant context.
It is a compound of 'alcohol' (酒) and 'water' (水).
It is used for menus, bills, wedding budgets, and service announcements.
It is a collective, uncountable noun that covers both soft drinks and booze.

The term 酒水 (jiǔshuǐ) is a fascinating compound noun in Chinese that literally translates to "alcohol-water." However, its functional meaning is much broader, serving as the standard collective noun for beverages, particularly in the context of hospitality, dining, and events. While the first character 酒 (jiǔ) refers specifically to alcoholic drinks (wine, beer, spirits), and the second character 水 (shuǐ) refers to water, when combined, they represent the entire category of drinks available at a venue.

Etymological Fusion: The combination of 'alcohol' and 'water' to represent all drinks reflects a linguistic pattern in Chinese where two opposites or related items combine to form a category. Just as 'size' is 'big-small' (大小), 'drinks' are 'alcohol-water'.
Commercial Context: You will most frequently encounter this word in restaurants, hotels, and event planning. It is the professional way to refer to the beverage service. If a restaurant says '酒水自理', it means you must pay for your own drinks separately from the food.

这家餐厅的酒水是免费提供的。(The drinks at this restaurant are provided for free.)

In a social setting, such as a wedding or a business banquet, the 'jiǔshuǐ' budget is a major consideration. It doesn't just mean the water on the table; it encompasses the expensive Maotai, the red wine, the beer, and the sodas for the children. Using this word instead of just '饮料' (yǐnliào - beverages) often adds a layer of formality or implies the presence of alcohol as a significant component of the selection.

请问酒水单在哪里？(Excuse me, where is the drink menu?)

Nuance in Inclusivity: While '饮料' is more common for soft drinks in a convenience store, '酒水' is the standard for the hospitality industry service. It sounds more professional and all-encompassing.

晚宴的酒水已经准备好了。(The drinks for the banquet are already prepared.)

我们这里的酒水种类非常丰富。(We have a very rich variety of drinks here.)

Cultural Weight: Chinese dining culture places a high emphasis on hospitality. Providing 'good' jiǔshuǐ (high-quality alcohol) is a sign of respect to the guests. Therefore, the term carries a weight of social obligation.

老板，再来点儿酒水！(Boss, some more drinks please!)

Using 酒水 correctly involves understanding its role as a collective noun. It is rarely used to refer to a single glass of water or a single bottle of beer in a casual conversation between friends. Instead, it is used to describe the supply, the menu category, or the cost of beverages in a more formal or structured setting.

As a Subject: When acting as the subject, it usually refers to the availability or quality of the drinks. For example: '酒水还没送到' (The drinks haven't been delivered yet).

这次聚会的酒水由公司出钱。(The drinks for this gathering are paid for by the company.)

One of the most common grammatical structures involves the word '自带' (zìdài), meaning 'to bring one's own'. In many Chinese restaurants, there is a policy regarding whether guests can bring their own alcohol. This is referred to as '自带酒水'. If a restaurant allows it, they might still charge a '开瓶费' (kāipíngfèi - corkage fee).

由于天气太热，大家都想喝点儿冰凉的酒水。(Because the weather is too hot, everyone wants to drink some ice-cold beverages.)

In Compound Phrases: It often pairs with '服务' (service), '费用' (fee), or '单' (list/menu). '酒水服务' refers to the beverage service provided by staff.

请把酒水单递给我，谢谢。(Please hand me the drink menu, thank you.)

In business negotiations, '酒水' is often discussed as a line item. '酒水消费' (beverage consumption) is a key metric for bars and clubs. If you are ordering for a large group, you might ask, '酒水怎么算？' (How are the drinks charged?), implying you want to know if it's a flat rate or per bottle.

这里的酒水价格公道，服务也不错。(The drink prices here are fair, and the service is good too.)

Formal Announcements: On an invitation, you might see '提供酒水' (Drinks provided), which is a polite way to signal that guests don't need to bring anything.

我们严禁向未成年人售卖酒水。(We strictly prohibit the sale of alcoholic drinks to minors.)

Understanding where 酒水 lives in the real world helps you master its register. It is not a word you use when thirsty at home—you wouldn't ask your roommate, '你有酒水吗？' Instead, it belongs to the world of commerce and social organization.

Scenario 1: The High-End Restaurant: Upon being seated, the server may ask, '需要看下酒水单吗？' (Would you like to see the beverage menu?). Here, it sounds more sophisticated than '饮料单'.

在正式宴会上，酒水的选择非常讲究。(At formal banquets, the selection of drinks is very meticulous.)

The word is ubiquitous in the 'Banquet Department' (餐饮部) of hotels. If you are booking a ballroom for a wedding, the manager will give you a quote for the food and a separate quote for the 'jiǔshuǐ'. They might offer a '酒水无限畅饮' (all-you-can-drink) package.

超市的酒水柜台正在打折。(The beverage counter at the supermarket is having a sale.)

Scenario 2: Business and Logistics: In the supply chain, companies that distribute drinks are called '酒水供应商' (beverage suppliers). This term covers everything from bottled water to expensive whiskey.

我们公司负责全市的酒水配送。(Our company is responsible for the drink distribution of the whole city.)

Another place you'll hear it is on airplanes or trains. The attendant might push a cart and say, '请问需要酒水吗？' (Would you like any drinks?). This is the polite, standard service phrasing. It covers tea, coffee, juice, and sometimes beer or wine.

由于是自助餐，所有的酒水都可以自取。(Since it's a buffet, all drinks are self-service.)

Scenario 3: Legal and Regulatory: Government regulations regarding '酒水安全' (beverage safety) or taxes on '酒水' specifically use this term in official documents.

这份合同包含了所有的酒水费用。(This contract includes all beverage costs.)

While 酒水 seems straightforward, English speakers often make nuanced errors in its application. The most common mistake is using it in a context that is too casual or too specific.

Mistake 1: The 'Thirst' Error: If you are thirsty and want a sip of water, do NOT say '我想喝酒水'. This sounds like you are asking to consume the entire beverage category or that you are looking for a drink list in a professional capacity. Instead, use '我想喝水' (I want to drink water) or '我想喝点东西' (I want to drink something).

错误：我渴了，请给我一点酒水。(Wrong: I'm thirsty, please give me some 'beverages'.)

Another mistake is assuming '酒水' only refers to alcohol. While the 'jiǔ' comes first, in a restaurant context, '酒水' includes tea, soda, and mineral water. If a sign says '酒水免费', don't assume you can only get beer for free; it usually includes the soft drinks too.

请注意：这里的酒水不包括鲜榨果汁。(Note: The 'drinks' here do not include freshly squeezed juice.)

Mistake 2: Pluralization and Measure Words: English speakers often try to count 'jiǔshuǐ'. You cannot say '三个酒水'. If you mean three types of drinks, say '三种酒水'. If you mean three bottles, say '三瓶酒水'.

你可以选择两款不同的酒水。(You can choose two different types of drinks.)

A subtle mistake is using '酒水' when you specifically mean only alcohol. If you are at a party and want to know if there's booze, asking '有酒水吗？' is okay, but '有酒吗？' is more direct. '酒水' sounds like you are checking the catering inventory.

除了饭菜，我们还要考虑酒水的开销。(Besides food, we also need to consider the expense of drinks.)

Mistake 3: Misunderstanding '自带': Learners often forget that '自带酒水' is a fixed phrase. Don't try to substitute '拿' (ná - take) or '带' (dài - carry) in awkward ways. Stick to the set phrase used in restaurant policy signs.

谢绝自带酒水。(No outside drinks allowed - formal sign language.)

To truly master the beverage vocabulary, you need to know where 酒水 fits alongside its cousins. Each word has a specific 'vibe' and setting.

饮料 (yǐnliào): This is the most common word for 'beverages' or 'soft drinks'. It typically excludes hard alcohol. If you go to a convenience store, you are looking for '饮料'. '酒水' is more of a restaurant/catering term.
酒类 (jiǔlèi): This means 'types of alcohol'. It is more specific than '酒水'. If a shop only sells wine and spirits, they might have a sign saying '精品酒类'. It excludes water and juice.
饮品 (yǐnpǐn): This is a slightly more modern, trendy word for 'drinks'. You'll see this at bubble tea shops or fancy cafes (e.g., '夏季新品饮品'). It sounds more 'boutique' than the industrial '酒水'.

比起普通的饮料，我更喜欢店里的特色饮品。(Compared to ordinary soft drinks, I prefer the shop's specialty drinks.)

When comparing '酒水' and '饮料', think of the setting. '酒水' is for the banquet table; '饮料' is for the lunch box. '酒水' implies a social occasion where a toast might be made; '饮料' is just for quenching thirst.

超市里有各种各样的饮料。(There are all kinds of soft drinks in the supermarket.)

浆水 (jiāngshuǐ): Note: Don't confuse '酒水' with '浆水'. The latter is a specific type of fermented vegetable water used in Northwest Chinese cuisine. They sound similar to a beginner but are completely different!

我们店只提供酒类，不卖果汁。(Our shop only provides alcohol; we don't sell juice.)

In summary, choose '酒水' when you are talking about the beverage industry, restaurant bills, wedding planning, or when looking at a full-service menu. It is the most 'adult' and 'professional' way to group all drinkable liquids together.

这款饮品是我们的招牌。(This drink is our signature.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient texts, '酒' and '水' were often contrasted as the 'stimulating' vs. the 'pure'. Today, they are merged into one commercial category.

発音ガイド

UK /dʒjuː ʃweɪ/

US /dʒjuː ʃweɪ/

Both characters carry the third tone (jiǔ shuǐ). When two third tones are together, the first one changes to a second tone (jiú shuǐ).

韻が合う語

九 (jiǔ) 久 (jiǔ) 美 (měi) 北 (běi) 嘴 (zuǐ) 腿 (tuǐ) 轨 (guǐ) 毁 (huǐ)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'shui' like 'shoo-ee' instead of 'shway'.
Forgetting the tone sandhi (changing the first 3rd tone to 2nd).
Confusing the 'iu' sound in 'jiu' with 'ee-oo'.
Pronouncing 'jiu' like 'jew'.
Mispronouncing the 'sh' as a soft 's'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Two simple characters, very common in public.

ライティング 3/5

The character '酒' has several strokes but is essential.

スピーキング 2/5

Easy to pronounce if you remember the tone sandhi.

リスニング 2/5

Clear, distinct syllables.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

酒水喝单餐厅

次に学ぶ

饮料饮品买单服务员菜单

上級

酒精发酵蒸馏开瓶费供应商

知っておくべき文法

Tone Sandhi

jiǔ + shuǐ becomes jiú shuǐ.

Collective Nouns

酒水 cannot be used with individual measure words like '个'.

Verb-Object Construction

点 (order) + 酒水 (drinks).

Adjective placement

免费 (free) + 酒水 (drinks).

Possessive

餐厅的 (restaurant's) + 酒水 (drinks).

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レベル別の例文

我要酒水。

I want drinks.

Subject + Verb + Object. Simple usage of 'jiǔshuǐ'.

这里有酒水吗？

Are there drinks here?

Question with 'ma'. Basic inquiry.

酒水在桌子上。

The drinks are on the table.

Locational sentence using 'zài'.

我不喝酒水。

I don't drink (these) drinks.

Negative sentence with 'bù'.

酒水很冷。

The drinks are very cold.

Adjective description with 'hěn'.

那是他的酒水。

That is his drink.

Possessive 'de' and demonstrative 'nà'.

请给我酒水。

Please give me drinks.

Imperative with 'qǐng'.

酒水单在这里。

The drink menu is here.

Identifying a specific object 'jiǔshuǐ dān'.

这里的酒水免费吗？

Are the drinks here free?

Asking about cost, a common A2 topic.

我们自带酒水吧。

Let's bring our own drinks.

Using 'zìdài' (bring own) and suggestion particle 'ba'.

酒水单上有果汁吗？

Is there juice on the drink menu?

Checking for specific items within the category.

请问酒水怎么卖？

Excuse me, how are the drinks sold?

Using 'zěnme' to ask about pricing/method.

他不喝含酒精的酒水。

He doesn't drink alcoholic beverages.

Adding a modifier 'hán jiǔjīng de' (containing alcohol).

这家店的酒水很全。

This shop has a very complete selection of drinks.

Using 'quán' to mean complete/comprehensive.

你需要什么酒水？

What drinks do you need?

Open-ended question with 'shénme'.

酒水已经在准备了。

The drinks are already being prepared.

Using 'yǐjīng...le' for completed/ongoing action.

酒水费用已经包含在房费里了。

The beverage cost is already included in the room rate.

Passive structure 'bāohán zài...lǐ'.

由于酒水太贵，我们换了一家餐厅。

Because the drinks were too expensive, we changed restaurants.

Causal sentence with 'yóuyú...suǒyǐ' (implied).

请帮我确认一下酒水的数量。

Please help me confirm the quantity of the drinks.

Requesting confirmation 'quèrèn'.

这种酒水在当地非常受欢迎。

This kind of drink is very popular locally.

Describing popularity and regionality.

我们要为晚宴采购一批酒水。

We need to procure a batch of drinks for the banquet.

Using the professional term 'cǎigòu' (procure).

这里的酒水单每季度都会更新。

The drink menu here is updated every quarter.

Describing frequency with 'měi jìdù'.

如果你自带酒水，需要付开瓶费。

If you bring your own drinks, you need to pay a corkage fee.

Conditional sentence 'rúguǒ...de huà'.

酒水供应商明天上午送货。

The beverage supplier will deliver the goods tomorrow morning.

Using a compound noun 'jiǔshuǐ gōngyìngshāng'.

酒水毛利是餐饮行业的重要收入来源。

The gross profit of beverages is an important source of income for the catering industry.

Economic terminology 'máolì' (gross profit).

我们在酒水选择上需要考虑客人的口味。

We need to consider the guests' tastes when choosing drinks.

Using 'zài...shàng' to define the scope.

严禁在公共场所向未成年人售卖酒水。

It is strictly forbidden to sell drinks (alcohol) to minors in public places.

Formal prohibition 'yánjìn'.

这款酒水的口感非常独特，值得一试。

The mouthfeel of this drink is very unique and worth a try.

Using 'kǒugǎn' (mouthfeel) and 'zhídé' (worth).

酒水包装的环保性越来越受到重视。

The environmental friendliness of beverage packaging is receiving more and more attention.

Passive-like structure 'shòudào zhòngshì'.

公司年会提供无限量酒水供应。

The company annual meeting provides an unlimited supply of drinks.

Using 'wúxiànliàng' (unlimited).

酒水市场的竞争目前非常激烈。

Competition in the beverage market is currently very fierce.

Describing market conditions.

请确保所有的酒水都符合食品安全标准。

Please ensure all drinks meet food safety standards.

Formal requirement 'fùhé...biāozhǔn'.

酒水文化的演变折射出社会消费观念的变迁。

The evolution of drinking culture reflects the changes in social consumption concepts.

Abstract verb 'zhéshè' (reflect/refract).

该品牌的酒水在高端市场占据了主导地位。

This brand's drinks occupy a dominant position in the high-end market.

Business term 'zhànjù zhǔdǎo dìwèi'.

政府对酒水行业实施了更为严格的税收政策。

The government has implemented stricter tax policies for the beverage industry.

Formal structure 'duì...shíshī'.

酒水的陈年潜力是收藏家们关注的重点。

The aging potential of the drinks is a key focus for collectors.

Specific terminology 'chénnián qiánlì' (aging potential).

我们在酒水营销中应更加注重情感共鸣。

We should pay more attention to emotional resonance in beverage marketing.

Using 'yìng...zhùzhòng' (should focus on).

酒水滥用已成为一个不容忽视的公共卫生问题。

Beverage (alcohol) abuse has become a public health issue that cannot be ignored.

Formal phrase 'bùróng hūshì' (cannot be ignored).

这种酒水的配方是家族世代相传的秘密。

The recipe for this drink is a secret passed down through generations of the family.

Idiomatic 'shìdài xiāngchuán' (passed down for generations).

酒水进出口贸易受国际政治局势的影响较大。

The beverage import and export trade is greatly affected by the international political situation.

Describing influence 'shòu...yǐngxiǎng'.

酒水之于社交，犹如润滑剂之于机械，不可或缺。

Drinks are to socializing what lubricant is to machinery—indispensable.

Analogy 'zhī yú...yóurú...zhī yú'.

通过对酒水残留物的化学分析，考古学家揭示了古人的饮食习惯。

Through chemical analysis of beverage residues, archaeologists have revealed the dietary habits of ancient people.

Scientific/Academic context.

酒水不仅是物质消费，更是一种文化符号的传递。

Drinks are not only material consumption but also the transmission of cultural symbols.

Philosophical structure 'bùjǐn shì...gèng shì'.

在文学作品中，酒水的描写往往承载着人物的情感起伏。

In literary works, the description of drinks often carries the emotional ups and downs of the characters.

Literary analysis 'chéngzài...qǐfú'.

酒水行业的垂直整合已成为企业提升竞争力的必然选择。

Vertical integration in the beverage industry has become an inevitable choice for companies to enhance their competitiveness.

Advanced economic term 'chuízhí zhěnghé'.

尽管酒水种类繁杂，但其核心价值始终在于社交属性。

Despite the complexity of drink varieties, their core value always lies in their social attributes.

Concessive clause 'jǐnguǎn...dàn'.

这种酒水的酿造工艺达到了炉火纯青的地步。

The brewing process of this drink has reached the stage of perfection.

Idiom 'lúhuǒ chúnqīng' (perfection/high mastery).

酒水市场的细分化趋势反映了消费者个性化需求的增长。

The trend of segmentation in the beverage market reflects the growth of consumers' personalized needs.

Market analysis terminology.

よく使う組み合わせ

酒水单

自带酒水

酒水费用

酒水供应

酒水套餐

酒水服务

免费酒水

酒水柜台

酒水批发

酒水消费

よく使うフレーズ

酒水自理

— Guests pay for their own drinks.

聚餐费用不含酒水，酒水自理。

酒水畅饮

— All-you-can-drink beverages.

今晚酒水无限畅饮！

谢绝自带酒水

— No outside drinks allowed.

餐厅门口写着‘谢绝自带酒水’。

酒水单价

— The unit price of drinks.

请核对酒水单价。

酒水促销

— Drink promotion.

商场正在搞酒水促销。

酒水礼盒

— A gift box containing drinks/alcohol.

过年送个酒水礼盒。

酒水经理

— Beverage manager.

他是这家酒店的酒水经理。

酒水库存

— Drink inventory.

检查一下酒水库存。

酒水文化

— Drinking culture.

中国的酒水文化源远流长。

酒水贸易

— Beverage trade.

他从事国际酒水贸易。

よく混同される語

酒水 vs 饮料

饮料 is mostly for non-alcoholic sodas/juices; 酒水 is inclusive of alcohol.

酒水 vs 酒类

酒类 is only alcohol; 酒水 includes water and soft drinks.

酒水 vs 浆水

A totally different fermented food item from Northwest China.

慣用句と表現

"酒水交融"

— Metaphor for a very close and harmonious relationship.

他们的关系正如酒水交融。

Literary

"浆酒藿肉"

— To live a life of luxury and excess (lit. wine like water, meat like beans).

他过着浆酒藿肉的生活。

Archaic

"金樽清酒"

— Refers to high-quality alcohol and luxury.

金樽清酒斗十千。

Poetic

"灯红酒绿"

— The scene of a busy, dissolute nightlife.

都市的灯红酒绿让人沉醉。

Common

"醉翁之意不在酒"

— Having an ulterior motive (lit. the drinker's intent is not the wine).

他这么做是醉翁之意不在酒。

Common

"酒逢知己千杯少"

— When drinking with a true friend, a thousand cups are not enough.

真是酒逢知己千杯少啊！

Common

"借酒浇愁"

— To use alcohol to drown one's sorrows.

不要总是借酒浇愁。

Common

"酒后吐真言"

— In wine there is truth.

俗话说，酒后吐真言。

Common

"酒肉朋友"

— Fair-weather friends (lit. wine and meat friends).

那些人只是酒肉朋友。

Common

"花天酒地"

— To lead a life of debauchery.

他整天花天酒地，不务正业。

Common

間違えやすい

酒水 vs 饮料

Both mean 'drinks'.

饮料 is more casual and usually non-alcoholic. 酒水 is professional and includes alcohol.

超市买饮料，餐厅看酒水。

酒水 vs 饮品

Both mean 'drinks'.

饮品 sounds more modern and 'boutique' (like a cafe). 酒水 is traditional hospitality.

咖啡店叫饮品，饭店叫酒水。

酒水 vs 水酒

Characters are the same, just reversed.

水酒 is an old term for thin wine. 酒水 is the modern term for all drinks.

现代说酒水，古人说水酒。

酒水 vs 酒类

Both involve alcohol.

酒类 is a technical classification of alcohol types. 酒水 is a service category.

酒类柜台 vs 酒水单。

酒水 vs 茶水

Contains '水' and refers to drinks.

茶水 specifically refers to tea and water, often provided for free in simple places.

这里提供免费茶水。

文型パターン

我要[酒水]。

我要酒水。

这里有[酒水]吗？

这里有酒水吗？

[酒水]费用包含在[X]里。

酒水费用包含在套餐里。

禁止向[X]售卖[酒水]。

禁止向未成年人售卖酒水。

[酒水]的选择反映了[X]。

酒水的选择反映了主人的品味。

随着[X]的发展，[酒水]行业[Y]。

随着经济的发展，酒水行业日新月异。

Any

请给我[酒水]单。

请给我酒水单。

Any

[酒水]免费。

酒水免费。

語族

名詞

酒 (alcohol)

水 (water)

酒水单 (drink menu)

酒水商 (drink merchant)

動詞

喝酒 (to drink alcohol)

倒水 (to pour water)

供酒 (to supply alcohol)

形容詞

多酒的 (alcoholic - rare)

清水的 (watery)

使い方

frequency

Very high in commercial and social dining contexts.

よくある間違い

我喝一个酒水。 → 我喝一种酒水 / 我点了一份酒水。
You can't use 'one' with the collective noun 'jiǔshuǐ'.
这个酒水很渴。 → 我渴了，想喝水。
'Jiǔshuǐ' is a category, not a specific liquid to satisfy immediate thirst in casual speech.
自带饮料 (in a restaurant sign context) → 自带酒水
While 'yǐnliào' is okay, 'jiǔshuǐ' is the standard industry term for policies.
Pronouncing 'jiu' like 'jew'. → Pronounce it with a clear 'i-u' diphthong.
The 'iu' sound in Chinese is 'i' + 'ou'.
Using 'jiǔshuǐ' to mean only water. → 水
If you only want water, just say 'shui'. 'Jiǔshuǐ' implies a choice or a category.

ヒント

The First Toast

When the '酒水' arrives at a Chinese banquet, wait for the host to make the first toast before drinking.

Tone Sandhi

Remember to pronounce 'jiu' in the second tone (rising) when followed by 'shui' (falling-rising).

Check the Bill

On a Chinese receipt, '酒水' is often listed as a separate subtotal from '食品' (food).

Don't say 'I'm thirsty'

Avoid saying 'I'm thirsty, give me jiǔshuǐ'. Just say 'give me water' (给我水).

Compound Power

Notice how many Chinese words for categories are made of two related items (e.g., alcohol + water = drinks).

Pouring for others

In China, it is polite to fill others' glasses with '酒水' before your own.

Contracts

If you are signing a catering contract, ensure the '酒水' clause specifies which drinks are included.

On the Plane

When flight attendants ask '需要酒水吗？', you can respond with the specific drink you want, like '橙汁' (orange juice).

No 'One Drink'

Never say '一个酒水'. Say '一杯酒' or '一瓶水' or '一种酒水'.

Tea is included

In many Southern Chinese restaurants, '酒水' starts with a pot of tea served immediately.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a party: first you want the WINE (酒), then you need the WATER (水) to stay hydrated. Together, they are the DRINKS (酒水).

視覚的連想

Imagine a menu with a picture of a wine glass next to a water droplet. That's the 酒水 section.

Word Web

Restaurant Menu Beer Water Soda Wedding Bill Waiter

チャレンジ

Go to a Chinese restaurant website and find the '酒水' section. List three items found there.

語源

The word is a modern compound. '酒' (jiǔ) originally depicted a wine jar with liquid inside. '水' (shuǐ) depicted flowing water.

元の意味： Literally 'Alcohol and Water'.

Sino-Tibetan

文化的な背景

Be careful when using '酒' in religious contexts where alcohol is forbidden, but '酒水' as a category is generally safe as it includes water.

Equivalent to 'Beverages' or 'Drinks' in a professional setting.

Li Bai's poems about wine The Water Margin (Suì Hǔ Zhuàn) where alcohol is a major theme Modern KTV culture

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At a Wedding

准备酒水
喜酒
敬酒
酒水预算

In a Restaurant

酒水单
点酒水
自带酒水
酒水免费

At KTV

酒水套餐
啤酒
爆米花和酒水
加点酒水

Business Banquet

高档酒水
招待酒水
酒水文化
谈生意

Supermarket

酒水区
酒水打折
整箱酒水
买酒水

会話のきっかけ

"请问这里的酒水单在哪儿？"

"这里的酒水是免费的吗？"

"你们想喝点儿什么酒水？"

"这家餐厅允许自带酒水吗？"

"今天的酒水种类挺多啊。"

日記のテーマ

描述一次你在餐厅点酒水的经历。你遇到了什么困难吗？

你认为餐厅收‘自带酒水’的开瓶费合理吗？为什么？

写一写你家乡最受欢迎的酒水是什么。

如果你要举办一个派对，你会准备哪些酒水？

讨论一下酒水在社交活动中的重要性。

よくある質問

10 問

In a restaurant context, yes, it usually includes alcoholic options, but the category itself also covers water and soft drinks. If a sign says '酒水免费', it typically means the basic drinks like water or soda are free, but you should check if beer/wine is included.

It sounds a bit strange and overly formal. You wouldn't ask your family, 'We need to buy some jiǔshuǐ.' Instead, say 'We need to buy some drinks' (饮料) or 'some beer' (啤酒).

It is a drink menu. It lists everything from bottled water and tea to wine, beer, and spirits. It is usually separate from the food menu in nicer restaurants.

It means 'to bring your own drinks'. Many restaurants have signs saying '谢绝自带酒水', which means they don't want you to bring outside beverages because they want to sell you theirs.

Yes, it is more formal than '饮料'. It is the standard term used in business, catering contracts, and professional service.

You can say '酒水畅饮' (jiǔshuǐ chàngyǐn) or '酒水无限量供应' (jiǔshuǐ wúxiànliàng gōngyìng).

Since it's a collective noun, we use '种' (zhǒng) for 'types' or '瓶' (píng) for 'bottles'. You cannot count it directly like 'one jiǔshuǐ'.

Usually, yes. In a hotel or banquet setting, '酒水' covers all liquid refreshments served.

Yes, 'shui' is 3rd tone. However, because 'jiu' is also 3rd tone, 'jiu' changes to 2nd tone when spoken. This is called tone sandhi.

It is a 'corkage fee'. Restaurants charge this if you '自带酒水' (bring your own alcohol) to compensate for their lost profit.

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